Bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual-circular polarizer capable of being tightly integrated with antenna and antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of circular polarizers, and particularly discloses a bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual-circular-polarization antenna capable of being tightly integrated with the antenna and the antenna. Comprising a shell provided with a feed port and a polarization port, a circuit assembly arranged in the shell, feed inner cores located in the feed port and the polarization port respectively and connected with the circuit assembly, and an impedance transformer installed in the shell and coaxially arranged with the feed port or the polarization port. The feed port and the polarization port are arranged on two sides of the shell; and the feed inner core penetrates through the circuit assembly and is connected with the impedance transformer. The ultra-wideband antenna has the ultra-wideband characteristic, the relative bandwidth of the ultra-wideband antenna reaches 138%, the standing wave of a feed port is smaller than 1.36, the phase difference of a polarization port is 90 degrees + / -2.6 degrees, the amplitude difference of the polarization port is smaller than 0.7 decibel, and the isolation degree of the port is larger than 20.5 decibel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of circular polarizers, and more particularly to a bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer and an antenna which can be tightly integrated with an antenna. Background Art

[0002] Compared with linear polarization antennas, circular polarization antennas can overcome polarization mismatch, multipath effect, channel crosstalk and other problems that occur during signal transmission. Compact broadband circularly polarized antennas have been widely used in many wireless communication systems. With the development of communication, telemetry, and remote control technology, the application scope of radar has expanded, and a single polarization method can no longer meet the system requirements. The application of dual circularly polarized antennas has become more and more widespread.

[0003] Usually, the antenna radiator and the dual circular polarizer are integrated together to realize the dual circular polarization of the antenna. The integration methods can be divided into distributed integration and tight integration:

[0004] When distributed integration is adopted, the antenna and the dual circular polarizer constitute two independent components, that is, the ports of the two components are directly connected through two equiphase cables; taking patent CN219226616U as an example, this patent has two obvious disadvantages: first, the input and output ports are located on the side wall of the antenna, and multiple antenna units cannot be arranged closely; second, the two equiphase cables introduce additional insertion loss, which reduces the system equivalent omnidirectional radiated power or sensitivity. In addition, when the antenna is installed on a satellite platform, additional anti-radiation protection measures must be taken for the cable.

[0005] When tightly integrated, the antenna and the dual circular polarizer form an integral component; Patent CN113097740A discloses a dual circular polarizer for dual-frequency transceiver shared feed, and its relative working bandwidth is only 17%; Patent CN115566438A discloses a broadband stepped spacer waveguide dual circular polarizer, which achieves a relative working bandwidth of 40%; Patent CN115241643A discloses a high isolation dual circular polarizer that can work in the k and Ka bands, and the relative working bandwidth reaches 50%. However, the above-mentioned dual circular polarizers cannot meet the use requirements of ultra-wideband (relative bandwidth not less than 100%) systems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer and antenna which can be tightly integrated with an antenna; the bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer and antenna have ultra-wideband characteristics, a relative bandwidth of 138%, a standing wave at a feeding port of less than 1.36, a phase difference at a polarization port of 90°±2.6°, an amplitude difference at a polarization port of less than 0.7 decibels, and a port isolation of greater than 20.5 decibels.

[0007] The solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is:

[0008] A bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer that can be tightly integrated with an antenna comprises a shell provided with a feeding port and a polarization port, a circuit component arranged in the shell, a feeding core respectively located in the feeding port and the polarization port and connected to the circuit component, and an impedance transformer installed in the shell and coaxially arranged with the feeding port or the polarization port; the feeding port and the polarization port are arranged on both sides of the shell; the feeding core passes through the circuit component and is connected to the impedance transformer.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the circuit assembly includes a circuit board; the circuit board includes dielectric plate 1, dielectric plate 2, and dielectric plate 3 stacked in sequence, and printed circuit 1 and printed circuit 2 printed on both sides of dielectric plate 2.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the printed circuit one and the printed circuit two are respectively C-shaped stripline structures, and the printed circuit one and the printed circuit two are relatively staggered along the opening direction; one end of a group of the printed circuit one is connected to the feed core in one group of feed ports, and the other end is connected to the feed core in one group of polarization ports.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the size of the circuit board is Φ0.55λ max ×0.0155λ max , where λ max The thickness of the dielectric plate 1 and the dielectric plate 3 are both 0.00635λ max The thickness of the dielectric plate is 0.00106λ max ; Among them, 0.55λ max is the outer diameter of the circuit board, 0.0155λ max is the thickness of the circuit board.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the dielectric plate 1, dielectric plate 2, and dielectric plate 3 are all made of ROGERS Duriod 6002 plate.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the circuit assembly further includes a metal ground 1 disposed on the dielectric plate 1, and a metal ground 2 disposed at the bottom of the dielectric plate 3;

[0014] The dielectric plate 1 is located at the bottom of the metal ground 1; the printed circuit 1 is arranged on the side of the dielectric plate 2 close to the dielectric plate 1, and the printed circuit 2 is arranged on the side of the dielectric plate 2 close to the dielectric plate 3.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the diameter of the metal ground 1 and the metal ground 2 is 0.55λ. max .

[0016] In some possible implementations, the number of the feeding ports and the number of the polarization ports are both two, and the number of the feeding cores is four.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the feeding inner core is sleeved in the feeding port and the polarization port, and a boss structure is provided on the outer side of the feeding inner core.

[0018] An antenna comprises the bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer described above which can be tightly integrated with the antenna.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The circuit components in the present invention can be processed by mature printed circuit technology, and the remaining structures can be realized by machining. The present invention has the advantages of wide working frequency band, high structural integration, light weight, good consistency, etc.

[0021] The present invention facilitates close deployment of antennas and has ultra-wideband characteristics, with a relative bandwidth of 138%, a standing wave at a feeding port of less than 1.36, a phase difference at a polarization port of 90°±2.6°, an amplitude difference at a polarization port of less than 0.7 decibels, and a port isolation greater than 20.5 decibels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding port and the housing in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the polarization port and the housing in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the impedance converter, the feeding port, and the circuit components in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the metal ground in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a dielectric plate 1 in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a printed circuit 1 in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dielectric plate 2 in the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the printed circuit board 2 in the present invention;

[0031] Fig.10It is a structural schematic diagram of the dielectric plate 3 in the present invention;

[0032] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal ground 2 in the present invention;

[0033] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the close integration of the present invention and the antenna;

[0034] Fig.13 It is the feeding port standing wave simulation curve of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.14 is a polarization port phase difference simulation curve of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.15 It is the polarization port amplitude difference simulation curve of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.16 is a feed port isolation simulation curve of the present invention;

[0038] Among them: 1. Shell; 2. Feed port; 3. Polarization port; 4. Circuit board; 41. Metal ground 1; 42. Dielectric board 1; 43. Printed circuit 1; 44. Dielectric board 2; 45. Printed circuit 2; 46. Dielectric board 3; 47. Metal ground 2; 5. Feed core; 6. Impedance transformer; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. The "first", "second" and similar words mentioned in this application do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "one" or "one" and other similar words do not indicate a quantity restriction, but indicate the existence of at least one. In the implementation of this application, "and / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" refers to two or more. For example, multiple positioning columns refer to two or more positioning columns. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] The present invention is described in detail below.

[0041] like Figure 1-Figure 11 As shown:

[0042] A bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer that can be tightly integrated with an antenna is used in conjunction with an antenna radiator, comprising a housing 1 provided with a feeding port 2 and a polarization port 3, a circuit component arranged in the housing 1, a feeding core 5 respectively located in the feeding port 2 and the polarization port 3 and connected to the circuit component, and an impedance transformer 6 installed in the housing 1 and coaxially arranged with the feeding port 2 or the polarization port 3; the feeding port 2 and the polarization port 3 are arranged on both sides of the housing 1; the feeding core 5 passes through the circuit component and is coaxially connected to the corresponding impedance transformer 6;

[0043] Specifically, by adjusting the position of the polarization port 3, the present invention can be connected to the cable on the antenna radiator by "plugging in";

[0044] The impedance transformer 6 is provided with a step transformation structure and is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, which can realize ultra-wideband impedance matching of the dual circular polarizer;

[0045] Furthermore, an SMA connector connected to the feeding core 5, an SMA connector, and an impedance transformer 6 are coaxially connected and installed on the housing 1; the antenna can receive and transmit left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization electromagnetic signals respectively through the feeding port 2;

[0046] In some possible implementations, the circuit assembly includes a circuit board 4; the circuit board 4 includes a dielectric plate 1 42, a dielectric plate 2 44, and a dielectric plate 3 46 stacked in sequence, and a printed circuit 1 43 and a printed circuit 2 45 printed on both sides of the dielectric plate 2 44; the printed circuit 1 43 is arranged on a side of the dielectric plate 2 44 close to the dielectric plate 1 42, and the printed circuit 2 45 is arranged on a side of the dielectric plate 2 44 close to the dielectric plate 3 46; the size of the circuit board 4 is Φ0.55λ max ×0.0155λ max , where λ max The thickness of the dielectric plate 1 42 and the dielectric plate 3 46 are both 0.00635λ max The thickness of the dielectric plate 44 is 0.00106λ max .

[0047] In some possible implementations, the printed circuit one 43 and the printed circuit two 45 are respectively C-shaped stripline structures, and the printed circuit one 43 and the printed circuit two 45 are relatively staggered along the opening direction; one end of one group of the printed circuit one 43 is connected to the feeding core 5 in one group of feeding ports 2, and the other end is connected to the feeding core 5 in one group of polarization ports 3, and one end of another group of the printed circuit one 43 is connected to the feeding core 5 in another group of feeding ports 2, and the other end is connected to the feeding core 5 in another group of polarization ports 3, thereby realizing that the circuit board 4 is respectively connected to the feeding port 2 and the polarization port 3. This arrangement makes the printed circuit one 43 and the printed circuit two 45 circular and located in the shell 1.

[0048] In some possible implementations, the dielectric plate 1 42 , the dielectric plate 2 44 , and the dielectric plate 3 46 are all made of ROGERS Dur iod 6002 plate material.

[0049] In some possible implementations, the circuit assembly further includes a metal ground 1 41 disposed on a dielectric plate 1 42 , and a metal ground 2 47 disposed at the bottom of a dielectric plate 3 46 ;

[0050] The dielectric plate 1 42 is located at the bottom of the metal ground 1 41; the printed circuit 1 43 is arranged on the side of the dielectric plate 2 44 close to the dielectric plate 1 42, and the printed circuit 2 45 is arranged on the side of the dielectric plate 2 44 close to the dielectric plate 3 46; the impedance transformer 6 corresponding to the polarization port 3 is arranged on the side of the metal ground 1 41 away from the dielectric plate 1 42, and the impedance transformer 6 corresponding to the feeding port 2 is arranged on the side of the metal ground 2 47 away from the dielectric plate 3 46.

[0051] In some possible implementations, the diameters of the metal ground 1 41 and the metal ground 2 47 are both 0.55λ. max .

[0052] In some possible implementations, the feeding ports 2 and the polarization ports 3 are both in two groups, and the feeding cores 5 are in four groups and are used in conjunction with the feeding ports 2 and the polarization ports 3 respectively.

[0053] In some possible implementations, the feeding core 5 is sleeved in the feeding port 2 and the polarization port 3, and a boss structure is provided on the outer side of the feeding core 5, and the boss structure is sleeved in the impedance transformer 6, so as to effectively prevent the feeding core 5 from axial rotation and longitudinal movement.

[0054] An antenna comprises the bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer described above which can be tightly integrated with the antenna.

[0055] Embodiment 1:

[0056] A bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer that can be tightly integrated with an antenna comprises a housing 1 provided with two groups of feeding ports 2 and two-end polarization ports 3, a circuit component arranged in the housing 1, an impedance transformer 6 arranged in the housing 1 and coaxially arranged with the feeding port 2 or the polarization port 3, and a feeding core 5 that penetrates the circuit component and is respectively connected to the feeding port 2 and the polarization port 3; the two groups of feeding ports 2 are arranged on the same side, and the two-end polarization ports 3 are arranged on the same side and on different sides from the two groups of feeding ports 2;

[0057] The circuit assembly includes a metal ground 1 41, a dielectric plate 1 42, a dielectric plate 2 44, a dielectric plate 3 46, a metal ground 2 47, and a printed circuit 1 43 and a printed circuit 2 45 arranged on both sides of the dielectric plate 2; the circuit assembly also includes a shell; the metal ground 1 41, the dielectric plate 1 42, the dielectric plate 2 44, the dielectric plate 3 46, and the metal ground 2 47 will be located in the shell; the impedance transformer 6 will be installed on the shell; the shell is located in the housing 1;

[0058] The printed circuit 1 43 is arranged on the side of the dielectric plate 2 44 close to the dielectric plate 1 42; the printed circuit 2 45 is arranged on the side of the dielectric plate 2 42 close to the dielectric plate 3 43; the metal ground 2 47 is arranged on the side close to the feeding port 2; the feeding port 2 is provided with an SMA connector connected to the feeding inner core 5, and the inner core of the SMA connector is connected to the inner core of the impedance transformer 6 and the feeding inner core 5 as a whole; the polarization port 3 is directly "plugged" connected with the semi-steel cable; by adjusting the position of the polarization port 3, the dual circular polarizer can be directly plugged with the dual linear polarization antenna for close integration;

[0059] Specifically, the outer diameter of the inner core of the impedance transformer 6 is larger than the outer diameter of the feeding inner core 5, so that ultra-wideband impedance matching of the dual circular polarizer can be achieved;

[0060] Two groups of feeding cores 5 cooperating with the feeding port 2 sequentially penetrate the metal ground 2 47, the dielectric plate 3, the printed circuit 2 45, the dielectric plate 2 44, the printed circuit 1 43, the dielectric plate 1 42, the metal ground 1 41 and are inserted into the impedance transformer 6; two groups of feeding cores 5 cooperating with the polarization port 3 sequentially penetrate the metal ground 1 41, the dielectric plate 1 42, the printed circuit 1 43, the dielectric plate 2 44, the printed circuit 2 45, the dielectric plate 3 46, the metal ground 2 47 and are inserted into the impedance transformer 6; a step transformation structure is arranged in the impedance transformer 6, and the step transformation structure adopts polytetrafluoroethylene material. The feeding core 5 and the boss structure will be sleeved in the step transformation structure, which can realize ultra-wideband impedance matching of the dual circular polarizer.

[0061] The metal ground 41 is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric plate 42 and has a diameter of 0.55λ. max .

[0062] The dielectric plate 42 is made of ROGERS Duriod 6002 plate with a thickness of 0.762 mm; a metal ground 41 is printed on its upper surface, and there is no printed structure on its lower surface.

[0063] The dielectric plate 2 44 is made of ROGERS Dur i od 6002 plate material with a thickness of 0.127 mm; its upper surface is printed circuit 1 43, and its lower surface is printed circuit 2 45.

[0064] The printed circuit 1 43 and the printed circuit 2 45 are both C-shaped structures; the printed circuit 1 43 and the printed circuit 2 45 are arranged in an interlaced manner along the opening direction; the printed circuit 1 43 and the printed circuit 2 45 are both strip lines, printed on both sides of the dielectric plate 2 44;

[0065] The dielectric plate 3 46 is made of ROGERS Duriod 6002 plate with a thickness of 0.762 mm. There is no printed structure on its upper surface, and a metal ground 2 47 is printed on its lower surface. The diameter of the metal ground 2 47 is 0.55 max .

[0066] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the close integration of the present invention and the antenna. The close integration of the above scheme and the antenna can effectively reduce the link insertion loss and improve the system equivalent omnidirectional radiated power and sensitivity. The size of the present invention is equivalent to the antenna caliber, and the feed port 2 is located at the bottom of the antenna, which is convenient for close antenna array and cable wiring.

[0067] Simulation is performed for Example 1, and the simulation results are as follows: Figure 13-Figure 16 As shown;

[0068] like Fig.13 As shown, in the bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer proposed by the present invention that can be tightly integrated with the antenna, the standing waves of the two groups of feeding ports 2 are both less than 1.36 in a frequency band with a relative bandwidth of 138%.

[0069] like Fig.14 As shown, the bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer proposed by the present invention that can be tightly integrated with the antenna has a phase difference of 90°±2.6° at polarization port 3 within a frequency band of 138% of the relative bandwidth; the solid line in the figure is the phase difference between polarization port 3 and polarization port 3 when one group of feeding ports 2 is fed; the dotted line is the phase difference between polarization port 3 and polarization port 3 when another group of feeding ports 2 is fed.

[0070] like Fig.15As shown, the bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer proposed by the present invention that can be tightly integrated with the antenna has an amplitude difference of less than 0.7 dB at its polarization port 3 within a frequency band of 138% of the relative bandwidth; the solid line in the figure is the amplitude difference between polarization port 3 and polarization port 3 when one group of feeding ports 2 is fed; the dotted line is the amplitude difference between polarization port 3 and polarization port 3 when another group of feeding ports 2 is fed.

[0071] like Fig.16 As shown, the bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer proposed by the present invention that can be tightly integrated with the antenna has an isolation of more than 20.5 decibels between the two groups of feeding ports 2 within a frequency band of 138% of the relative bandwidth.

[0072] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, but extends to any new features or any new combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any new method or process steps or any new combination disclosed.

Claims

1. A bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer that can be tightly integrated with an antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell provided with a feeding port and a polarization port, a circuit component arranged in the shell, a feeding core respectively located in the feeding port and the polarization port and connected to the circuit component, and an impedance transformer installed in the shell and coaxially arranged with the feeding port or the polarization port; the feeding port and the polarization port are arranged on both sides of the shell; the feeding core passes through the circuit component and is connected to the impedance transformer.

2. The bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer that can be tightly integrated with an antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit assembly comprises a circuit board; the circuit board comprises a dielectric plate 1, a dielectric plate 2 and a dielectric plate 3 stacked in sequence, and a printed circuit 1 and a printed circuit 2 printed on both sides of the dielectric plate 2.

3. The bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer that can be tightly integrated with an antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The printed circuit 1 and the printed circuit 2 are respectively C-shaped strip line structures, and the printed circuit 1 and the printed circuit 2 are relatively staggered along the opening direction; one end of a group of the printed circuit 1 is connected to the feeding core in one group of feeding ports, and the other end is connected to the feeding core in one group of polarization ports.

4. The bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer that can be tightly integrated with an antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The size of the circuit board is Φ0.55λ max ×0.0155λ max , where λ max The thickness of the dielectric plate 1 and the dielectric plate 3 are both 0.00635λ max The thickness of the dielectric plate is 0.00106λ max .

5. The bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer that can be tightly integrated with an antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dielectric plate 1, dielectric plate 2 and dielectric plate 3 are all made of ROGERS Duroid 6002 plate.

6. The bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer that can be tightly integrated with an antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circuit assembly further includes a metal ground 1 disposed on the dielectric plate 1, and a metal ground 2 disposed at the bottom of the dielectric plate 3; The dielectric plate 1 is located at the bottom of the metal ground 1; the printed circuit 1 is arranged on the side of the dielectric plate 2 close to the dielectric plate 1, and the printed circuit 2 is arranged on the side of the dielectric plate 2 close to the dielectric plate 3.

7. The bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer that can be tightly integrated with an antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diameter of the metal ground 1 and the metal ground 2 is 0.55λ max .

8. The bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer that can be tightly integrated with an antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding ports and polarization ports are both in two groups, and the feeding cores are in four groups.

9. The bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer that can be tightly integrated with an antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feeding inner core is sleeved in the feeding port and the polarization port, and a boss structure is arranged on the outer side of the feeding inner core; the boss structure is sleeved in the impedance transformer.

10. An antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bottom-fed ultra-wideband dual circular polarizer which can be tightly integrated with an antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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