Chicken feed additive and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a chicken feed additive and a preparation method thereof, the chicken feed additive comprises quercetagetin, chlorogenic acid and zinc sulfate, and the chicken feed additive is obtained by adding quercetagetin and zinc sulfate into an absolute ethyl alcohol solution for blending, then adding chlorogenic acid, stirring and drying; the quercetagetin, the chlorogenic acid and the zinc sulfate can form a chelate, the biological activity of the quercetagetin and the chlorogenic acid can be reserved, the stability of zinc ions can be improved, and the prepared chicken feed additive can remarkably enhance the blood oxidation resistance of chickens, reduce oxidative stress damage and improve the immunity of the chickens. The absorption rate of the chicken to the zinc element is improved; and the preparation method is simple, easy in process control and suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of animal breeding, and relates to a chicken feed additive and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Trace element zinc plays a crucial role in animal nutrition. It directly participates in a variety of biochemical reactions and has an important impact on the metabolism, growth and development of animals. However, when zinc element is directly added to the feed, since it exists in the form of free metal ions in the feed, its chemical properties are active and it is easy to catalyze the oxidation and decomposition of oils and vitamins in the feed. This not only affects the taste of the feed and reduces the nutritional value of the feed itself, but even produces harmful substances such as hydrogen peroxide, endangering the health of animals.

[0003] In addition, the method of directly adding zinc element to the feed results in a very low digestion and absorption rate of zinc in the animal body. When animals ingest feed containing zinc element, most of the zinc that is not fully utilized will be excreted with feces, leading to environmental pollution. To improve the biological utilization rate of zinc element and minimize its negative impact on feed quality and the environment, zinc ions can be complexed with organic compounds, thereby enhancing the stability of zinc element, making it less susceptible to external factors when added to the feed and during the animal digestion process. At the same time, this structure is also beneficial to improving the absorption rate of trace elements by animals, enabling zinc to be more efficiently absorbed and utilized by the animal body, reducing waste.

[0004] Currently, the common form of complexing zinc ions with organic compounds in feed additives is amino acid-zinc complex. Amino acids, as the basic units of proteins, have unique chemical structures. However, the molecular structures of different types of amino acids are different, resulting in different chelating abilities of zinc element, and the mixed amino acids will also reduce the complexing efficiency of zinc ions, resulting in poor stability, and thus affecting the absorption and utilization of zinc element by animals.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention aims to provide a metal ion complex with low oxidation and high stability, which is added to chicken feed, so that after chickens ingest it, the quality of chicken meat can be improved, the blood antioxidant capacity can be enhanced, oxidative stress damage can be reduced, and the overall health of chickens can be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a chicken feed additive and a preparation method thereof. The chicken feed additive includes quercetagetin, chlorogenic acid and zinc sulfate. It is obtained by mixing quercetagetin and zinc sulfate in an absolute ethanol solution, and then adding chlorogenic acid and stirring and drying. In the present invention, quercetagetin and chlorogenic acid can form a chelate with zinc sulfate, which can not only retain the biological activities of quercetagetin and chlorogenic acid, but also increase the stability of zinc ions. The prepared chicken feed additive can significantly enhance the blood antioxidant capacity of chickens, reduce oxidative stress damage, and improve the absorption rate of zinc by chickens. Moreover, the preparation method is simple, the process is easy to control, and it is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A chicken feed additive, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-0.5 part of quercetagetin, 0.2-0.3 part of chlorogenic acid, and 0.2-0.35 part of zinc sulfate.

[0009] As a limitation of the technical solution of the present invention, it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.4 part of quercetagetin, 0.27 part of chlorogenic acid, and 0.22 part of zinc sulfate.

[0010] The present invention also provides a preparation method of a chicken feed additive, which is carried out in sequence according to the following steps:

[0011] S1. Add quercetagetin and zinc sulfate into 50-100 mL of absolute ethanol, and ultrasonicate for 15-20 min to obtain a quercetagetin-zinc sulfate solution;

[0012] S2. Add chlorogenic acid into the solution obtained in step S1, stir at a stirring rate of 40-60 rpm for 1-2 h, then place it in a rotary evaporator for rotary evaporation and drying to obtain the chicken feed additive.

[0013] As a limitation of the preparation method of the present invention, in step S2, the drying temperature is 40-50 °C and the time is 8-12 h.

[0014] As another limitation of the preparation method of the present invention, in step S2, the temperature during rotary evaporation is 40-50 °C, the vacuum degree is 0.07~-0.09 MPa, and the time is 30-60 min.

[0015] In the present invention, quercetagetin and chlorogenic acid are used as ligands. By virtue of their unique spatial structures and excellent coordination abilities, they form stable chelate complexes with zinc. This complex not only retains the biological activities of quercetagetin and chlorogenic acid, but also improves the stability and bioavailability of zinc through chelation. Specifically, both quercetagetin and chlorogenic acid have phenolic hydroxyl structures with relatively high activities, which can provide hydrogen atoms to combine with superoxide anion radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and hydrogen peroxide radicals generated during the metabolism of chickens, generating H 2 O and H 2 O 2 , thereby interrupting the chain reaction of free radicals and achieving the purpose of antioxidation. At the same time, they are oxidized to phenoxy radicals. Due to the presence of chlorogenic acid, the generated phenoxy radicals can interact with quercetagetin through π-π stacking, causing the conjugate systems to overlap with each other and expanding the range of electron delocalization, thereby making the phenoxy radicals more stable. In addition, the phenoxy radicals will also form hydrogen bonds through hydroxyl groups with other oxygen-containing or nitrogen-containing groups, making the electron cloud distribution of the free radicals more uniform and further stabilizing the phenoxy radicals, thus avoiding the initiation of new oxidation reactions by the phenoxy radicals and further enhancing the overall free radical scavenging ability.

[0016] Quercetagetin and chlorogenic acid contain multiple functional groups such as hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups, which can form stable chelates with zinc ions. Due to the structural differences between chlorogenic acid and quercetagetin, their chelation modes with zinc ions are different. When both are present, they will change each other's conformations through intermolecular interactions, making the chelation process more favorable, enhancing the chelating ability towards zinc ions, thereby improving the stability of zinc ions and their utilization rate in chickens.

[0017] As a whole, the above technical solution of the present invention is closely related and mutually influential among its various steps, which jointly determine the morphological characteristics and properties of the product.

[0018] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The chicken feed additive prepared by the present invention can significantly enhance the blood antioxidant ability of chickens and reduce oxidative stress damage;

[0020] 2. In the present invention, quercetagetin and chlorogenic acid can form chelates with zinc sulfate, which can not only retain the biological activities of quercetagetin and chlorogenic acid, but also enhance the stability of zinc ions, thereby improving the absorption efficiency of chickens for zinc elements;

[0021] 3. The preparation method of the present invention is simple, the process is easy to control, and it is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

[0022] The present invention is applicable to the preparation of chicken feed additives.

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. Specific Embodiments

[0024] The following embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Therefore, the detailed descriptions in the embodiments of the present invention provided below are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represent selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all devices and raw materials can be purchased from the market or are commonly used in this industry. The methods in the following embodiments are conventional methods in this field unless otherwise specified.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] In this example, a chicken feed additive is prepared, and the preparation process and steps are as follows:

[0028] S1. Add 0.4 g of quercetagetin and 0.22 g of zinc sulfate to 80 mL of absolute ethanol, and ultrasonicate for 15 min to obtain a quercetagetin-zinc sulfate solution;

[0029] S2. Add 0.27 g of chlorogenic acid to the solution obtained in step S1, stir at a stirring rate of 40 rpm for 1 h, then place it in a rotary evaporator, perform rotary evaporation at 40 °C and a vacuum degree of 0.07 MPa for 30 min, and then place it in an oven to dry at 40 °C for 12 h to obtain a chicken feed additive.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] In this example, a chicken feed additive is prepared, and the preparation process and steps are as follows:

[0032] S1. Add 0.1 g of quercetagetin and 0.35 g of zinc sulfate to 100 mL of absolute ethanol, and ultrasonicate for 18 min to obtain a quercetagetin-zinc sulfate solution;

[0033] S2. Add 0.3 g of chlorogenic acid to the solution obtained in step S1, stir at a stirring rate of 45 rpm for 1.5 h, then place it in a rotary evaporator, perform rotary evaporation at 45 °C and a vacuum degree of 0.08 MPa for 60 min, and then place it in a drying oven to dry at 45 °C for 10 h to obtain a chicken feed additive.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] In this embodiment, a chicken feed additive is prepared, and the preparation process and steps are as follows:

[0036] S1. Add 0.5 g of quercetagetin and 0.2 g of zinc sulfate to 50 mL of absolute ethanol, and ultrasonicate for 20 min to obtain a quercetagetin-zinc sulfate solution;

[0037] S2. Add 0.2 g of chlorogenic acid to the solution obtained in step S1, stir at a stirring rate of 60 rpm for 2 h, then place it in a rotary evaporator, perform rotary evaporation at 50 °C and a vacuum degree of 0.09 MPa for 50 min, and then place it in a drying oven to dry at 45 °C for 8 h to obtain the chicken feed additive.

[0038] Comparative Example

[0039] In order to explore the influence of different parameters or different preparation raw materials in the preparation process of the present invention on the performance of the product of the present invention, the following comparative experiments were specifically carried out. The following comparative examples respectively prepared different chicken feed additives, specifically as follows:

[0040] Comparative Example 1

[0041] In this comparative example, a chicken feed additive is prepared. The preparation process is similar to that of Example 1, except that in steps S1 and S2, chlorogenic acid and quercetagetin are not added.

[0042] Comparative Example 2

[0043] In this comparative example, a chicken feed additive is prepared. The preparation process is similar to that of Example 1, except that in step S2, chlorogenic acid is not added.

[0044] Comparative Example 3

[0045] In this comparative example, a chicken feed additive is prepared. The preparation process is similar to that of Example 1, except that in step S1, quercetagetin is not added.

[0046] Comparative Example 4

[0047] In this comparative example, a chicken feed additive is prepared. The preparation process is similar to that of Example 1, except that in step S2, chlorogenic acid is not added, and the following substances are added:

[0048] Group A: Tea polyphenols.

[0049] Group B: Astragalus polysaccharide.

[0050] Group C: Vitamin C.

[0051] Comparative Example 5

[0052] This comparative example prepared a chicken feed additive. The preparation process was similar to that of Example 1, except that in step S2, the addition amount of chlorogenic acid was 0.1 g.

[0053] Comparative Example 6

[0054] This comparative example prepared a chicken feed additive. The preparation process was similar to that of Example 1, except that in step S1, the addition amount of quercetagetin was 0.05 g.

[0055] Performance test

[0056] 800 one-day-old WOD168 broilers were selected. From 1 to 13 days of age, they were uniformly fed a semi-purified diet without added zinc. On the 14th day, 576 chickens with similar body weights were selected from them. Using a single-factor completely randomized experimental design, they were randomly divided into 12 treatment groups (6 replicates in each group, 8 chickens in each replicate), and were fed a corn-soybean meal-based basal diet (this group was the blank control group; the corn-soybean meal-based basal diet was specifically 580 g of corn, 220 g of soybean meal, 50 g of wheat bran, 80 g of stone powder, 30 g of monocalcium phosphate, 3 g of salt, and 37 g of premix) and a corn-soybean meal-based diet supplemented with the additives of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6 of the present invention for 26 consecutive days, and the antioxidant, pH value, meat color and shear force indexes of the breast muscle and leg muscle of the chickens were measured.

[0057] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the blank control group, Examples 1-3 significantly increased the activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px in the breast muscle of the chickens (P<0.05), and extremely significantly increased the content of T-AOC (P<0.01). Compared with Comparative Examples 1-6, Examples 1-3 extremely significantly increased the T-AOC ability of the breast muscle (P<0.01), and significantly increased the activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px in the breast muscle (P<0.05); compared with the blank control group and Comparative Examples 1-6, Examples 1-3 significantly increased the activities of CAT and GSH-Px in the leg muscle (P<0.05).

[0058] Table 1 Effects of chicken feed additives on the antioxidant function of breast muscle and leg muscle of chickens

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] Note: (1) SOD = Total Superoxide Dismutase; T-SOD = Total Superoxide Dismutase; T-AOC = Total Antioxidant Capacity; MDA = Malondialdehyde; CAT = Catalase; GSH-Px = Glutathione Peroxidase; SEM = Standard Error. (2) Data in the same column with no superscript letter or the same superscript letter indicate no significant difference (P>0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01).

[0062] As can be seen from Table 2, compared with the blank control group, Examples 1 and 3 significantly increased the pH of the breast muscle of chickens 45min and pH 24h (P<0.05). Compared with Comparative Examples 1-6, the breast muscle pH of Examples 1 and 3 45min was significantly higher than that of Comparative Examples 3, 4A-C and 5 (P<0.05); the breast muscle pH 24h was significantly higher than that of Comparative Examples 1 and 1-4C. Compared with the blank control group, Examples 1 and 2 significantly increased the pH of the leg muscle of chickens 45min (P<0.05). Compared with Comparative Examples 1-6, the leg muscle pH of Examples 1 and 2 45min was significantly higher than that of Comparative Examples 3-4C (P<0.05).

[0063] Table 2 Effects of chicken feed additives on the pH of breast muscle and leg muscle of chickens

[0064]

[0065] Note: (1) SEM = Standard Error. (2) Data in the same column with no superscript letter or the same superscript letter indicate no significant difference (P>0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01).

[0066] As can be seen from Table 3, compared with the blank control group and Comparative Examples 1-5, Examples 1-3 significantly increased the L* value of the breast muscle of chickens (P<0.05).

[0067] Table 3 Effects of chicken feed additives on the color of breast muscle and leg muscle of chickens

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Note: (1) SEM = Standard Error. (2) Data in the same column with no superscript letter or the same superscript letter indicate no significant difference (P>0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01).

[0071] As can be seen from Table 4, compared with the blank control group, the shear force of breast muscle in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 5-6 decreased extremely significantly (P<0.01), and the shear force of leg muscle in Examples 1-2 decreased significantly (P<0.05).

[0072] Table 4 Effects of chicken feed additives on the shear force of breast muscle and leg muscle of chickens

[0073]

[0074] Note: (1) SEM = standard error. (2) Data in the same column with no superscript letter or the same superscript letter indicate no significant difference (P>0.05), different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate extremely significant difference (P<0.01).

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chicken feed additive, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-0.5 parts of quercetin, 0.2-0.3 parts of chlorogenic acid, and 0.2-0.35 parts of zinc sulfate.

2. A chicken feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composition includes the following components in parts by weight: 0.4 parts of quercetin, 0.27 parts of chlorogenic acid, and 0.22 parts of zinc sulfate.

3. A method for preparing a chicken feed additive according to claim 1-2, characterized in that: Follow the steps below in order: S1. Add quercetin and zinc sulfate into 50-100 mL of anhydrous ethanol and perform ultrasonic treatment for 15-20 min to obtain a quercetin-zinc sulfate solution; S2. Add chlorogenic acid to the solution obtained in step S1, stir at a stirring rate of 40-60 rpm for 1-2 hours, then place it in a rotary evaporator for rotary evaporation, and dry it to obtain a chicken feed additive.

4. The method for preparing a chicken feed additive according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the drying temperature is 40-50°C and the drying time is 8-12 hours.

5. The method for preparing a chicken feed additive according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the temperature during the rotary evaporation is 40-50°C, the vacuum degree is 0.07-0.09 MPa, and the time is 30-60 min.

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