Front-and-back adjusting waist rest structure of automobile seat and using method thereof

Abstract

The automobile seat front-back adjusting waist rest structure comprises a foundation bottom plate, a limiting rod is arranged on one side of the foundation bottom plate, a displacement mechanism is arranged at the center of the outer wall of the limiting rod, a control unit is arranged on one side of the displacement mechanism, a displacement plate is arranged on one side of the displacement mechanism, and a connecting through hole is formed in the outer wall of the displacement plate. The displacement plate is connected with the foundation bottom plate through the combination of the connecting through holes and the limiting rods, a fixed waist rest is arranged on one side of the displacement plate, a non-contact capacitive sensing array is arranged on the outer wall of the fixed waist rest, and the non-contact capacitive sensing array is arranged on the outer wall of the fixed waist rest through cooperative control of the four-dimensional limiting rods and the sliding rail displacement mechanism. Dynamic fitting of a waist supporting curved surface is achieved by combining a pressure distribution standard deviation algorithm, a spring steel plate composite displacement mechanism can be compatible with installation of seats of various vehicle types, meanwhile, the pressure difference of the upper waist, the middle waist and the lower waist is monitored in real time, millimeter-level displacement adjustment is triggered, and the driving comfort is remarkably improved while driving safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of automotive seat lumbar supports, and more specifically, to a structure and method for front-back adjustment of an automotive seat lumbar support. Background Art

[0002] Automotive seats are important components that provide support and safety protection for passengers in a vehicle. With the increasingly fierce competition in the automotive market, seat comfort has also become an important evaluation criterion for the entire automotive seat and even the whole vehicle. The backrest lumbar support is an important part on the seat frame for improving comfort. The backrest lumbar support is assembled on the backrest frame assembly and is used to provide support for the passenger's waist and relieve driving fatigue.

[0003] A traditional automotive seat lumbar support structure, such as an automotive seat backrest lumbar support control device described in the published patent No. CN108263260B, includes a backrest side plate, a bracket, an inner cover plate, a main shaft, a driving wheel, a driven shaft, a driven wheel, and a steel wire. The bracket is fixedly installed on the backrest side plate, the inner cover plate is fixedly connected to the bracket, the main shaft and the driven shaft are rotatably installed on the inner cover plate, a driving wheel is fixedly sleeved on the main shaft, a driven wheel is fixedly sleeved on the driven shaft, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are meshed with each other. A wire winding wheel is fixedly sleeved on the driven shaft, and a steel wire is wound around the outer edge of the wire winding wheel, so that the steel wire is driven to be tightened and relaxed when the wire winding wheel rotates. The other end of the steel wire is connected to the backrest grid on the automotive seat. The main shaft rotates under the action of an external force, and finally the wire winding wheel rotates to drive the steel wire to tighten and arch and relax the backrest grid on the automotive seat, so as to realize the adjustment of the waist part of the seat backrest. The above patent has three defects: First, the sensing and feedback mechanism is backward. Relying on traditional mechanical pressure detection results in insufficient pressure detection accuracy and inability to real-time feedback the change of the waist contact distance. Second, the adjustment mode is single and lagging. Manual or semi-automatic mechanical adjustment requires the user to actively operate and the adjustment response time exceeds 2 seconds, which cannot meet the requirements of dynamic driving scenarios. Third, the structural design leads to mechanical wear and insufficient adaptability. Relying on gear meshing is prone to clearance errors after long-term use, and only supports single-arc adjustment.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above problems, a structure and method for front-back adjustment of an automotive seat lumbar support are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a structure and method for front-back adjustment of an automotive seat lumbar support to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An automobile seat front-back adjustable lumbar support structure, including a base bottom plate, on one side of the base bottom plate, there are provided four limit rods, and the four limit rods are evenly arranged along the vertical direction of the base bottom plate. At the center of the outer wall of the limit rod, there is a displacement mechanism. On one side of the displacement mechanism, there is a control unit. On one side of the displacement mechanism, there is a displacement plate. On the outer wall of the displacement plate, there are provided four connection through holes, and the four connection through holes are evenly arranged along the vertical direction of the displacement plate. The displacement plate is connected to the base bottom plate through the combination of the connection through holes and the limit rods. On one side of the displacement plate, there is a fixed lumbar support. On the outer wall of the fixed lumbar support, there is a non-contact capacitive induction array. On both sides of the base bottom plate and the displacement plate, there are fixed hooks, and on one side of the fixed hook, there is a limit spring.

[0007] Preferably, the displacement mechanism includes a fixed bearing, a spring steel plate, and a displacement bearing. On one side of the fixed bearing, there is a spring steel plate. On one side of the spring steel plate, there is a displacement bearing. The side of the displacement bearing is connected to the control unit.

[0008] Preferably, at the four corners of the base bottom plate, there are fixed holes. At the center of one side of the base bottom plate, there is a slide rail. The displacement mechanism is connected to the slide rail through the displacement bearing, so that the control unit can drive the displacement bearing to perform vertical displacement along the slide rail, driving the spring steel plate to bend and reset.

[0009] Preferably, on the outer wall of the displacement plate, there is a window opening. On both sides of the window opening, there are adjustment rods. On one side of the adjustment rod, there are fixed threaded holes. There are four fixed threaded holes, and the four fixed threaded holes are evenly arranged along the vertical direction of the displacement plate. The fixed lumbar support is in an arch shape. On the outer wall of the fixed lumbar support, there are ventilation holes. At the four corners of the fixed lumbar support, there are connection position holes. The connection position holes and the fixed threaded holes are connected by bolts, and on one side of the bolt, there is a nut.

[0010] Preferably, the non-contact capacitive induction array includes an upper lumbar proximity sensor, a middle lumbar proximity sensor, a lower lumbar proximity sensor, and a data transmission line. Below the upper lumbar proximity sensor, there is a middle lumbar proximity sensor. On one side of the middle lumbar proximity sensor, there is a lower lumbar proximity sensor. The backs of the upper lumbar proximity sensor, the middle lumbar proximity sensor, and the lower lumbar proximity sensor are all connected with data transmission lines.

[0011] A method for an automobile seat front-back adjustable lumbar support structure includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. After the user takes a seat, activate the non-contact capacitive sensing array and the control unit through the vehicle power supply or a manual switch, so that the upper waist proximity sensor, the middle waist proximity sensor, and the lower waist proximity sensor can continuously monitor the contact distance between the user's waist and the fixed lumbar support;

[0013] S2. According to the capacitance value differences of the upper waist proximity sensor, the middle waist proximity sensor, and the lower waist proximity sensor, the control unit preferentially adjusts the displacement of the area with the maximum pressure;

[0014] S3. The control unit drives the displacement bearing to displace vertically along the slide rail, driving the spring steel plate to bend and deform, pushing the displacement plate to slide along the limit rod. The movement of the displacement plate makes the fixed lumbar support fit the user's waist curve until the non-contact capacitive sensing array detects that the pressure in each area is balanced;

[0015] S4. When the user leaves the seat, the control unit triggers the reset of the displacement bearing, the spring steel plate returns to its initial state, and the fixed lumbar support retracts to the default position on the base floor. When the user takes a seat again, the system repeats steps S1 - S4 to achieve adaptive cyclic adjustment.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the steps of adjusting the displacement of the area with the maximum pressure are as follows:

[0017] A1. Data acquisition and input: The non-contact capacitive sensing array continuously acquires the contact distance and capacitance change value between the user's waist and the lumbar support, and converts them into electrical signals;

[0018] A2. Signal preprocessing and noise filtering: Use a low-pass filter to eliminate the interference of environmental noise on the capacitance signal, and normalize the capacitance values of the upper waist proximity sensor, the middle waist proximity sensor, and the lower waist proximity sensor of the non-contact capacitive sensing array according to a preset threshold;

[0019] A3. Pressure distribution feature extraction: Calculate the standard deviation of the absolute pressure values of each group of the proximity sensors, and identify the pressure gradient. According to the human body size data, match the position of the user's lumbar spine center line. The formula for calculating the standard deviation is:

[0020]

[0021] where σ represents the standard deviation; N represents the total number of regions; P i represents the absolute value of the real-time pressure in the i-th region; μ represents the mean value of the absolute pressure values of the non-contact capacitive sensing array;

[0022] A4. Adjustment strategy generation: Judge the σ calculated above,

[0023] If σ > 0.5, it is determined that the pressure distribution is uneven, and the displacement mechanism is triggered for adjustment;

[0024] If σ ≤ 0.5, it is determined that the support is balanced, and the current state is maintained;

[0025] If the pressure difference between the upper lumbar proximity sensor, the middle lumbar proximity sensor, and the lower lumbar proximity sensor < 10%, the overall support arc is finely adjusted according to the preset ergonomic curve;

[0026] A5. After the adjustment is completed, the pressure data of the upper lumbar proximity sensor, the middle lumbar proximity sensor, and the lower lumbar proximity sensor are collected again to verify whether the preset balanced state is reached. If the adjustment fails to meet the standard for multiple consecutive times, the algorithm automatically expands the adjustment range and updates the user feature library.

[0027] Preferably, in step S3, the driving mode of the displacement bearing is controlled by an in-vehicle computer to move, and the displacement accuracy is ±1 mm. The ventilation holes of the fixed lumbar support are linked with the seat ventilation system during the adjustment process, and the air flow output is automatically increased when the lumbar support moves forward.

[0028] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0029] 1. Compared with the prior art, the front and rear adjustable lumbar support structure and method for an automotive seat realize real-time monitoring of the human lumbar pressure gradient by setting a three-zone capacitance array of upper, middle, and lower lumbar proximity sensors and combining standard deviation pressure distribution calculation. Compared with traditional mechanical pressure sensors, capacitive sensing can detect the contact distance without contact, avoid false touch interference, and has self-adaptability, with precise fitting in a single area.

[0030] 2. Compared with the prior art, the front and rear adjustable lumbar support structure and method for an automotive seat realize the two-way stable movement of the displacement plate through the vertical arrangement of four groups of limit rods and the linkage design of the slide rail - displacement bearing, combined with the bending deformation of the spring steel plate. When the control unit drives the displacement bearing to vertically displace along the slide rail, the spring steel plate deforms to provide elastic support, and the limit rods constrain the displacement direction, making the arc adjustment of the fixed lumbar support more conform to the human curve and reducing friction compared with the traditional rigid guide rail structure.

[0031] 3. Compared with the prior art, the front and rear adjustable lumbar support structure and method for an automotive seat use bolts to connect the fixed lumbar support and the displacement plate, combined with the vertical arrangement of four groups of fixed threaded holes, allowing users to manually adjust the installation height of the lumbar support according to their body types. The ventilation hole design improves breathability, and the window structure reduces the overall weight. Compared with the integrated lumbar support structure, the modular design reduces the maintenance cost.

[0032] 4. Compared with the prior art, the front-back adjustable lumbar support structure and method for a vehicle seat achieve the return of the lumbar support after the user leaves the seat through the automatic reset of the displacement bearing and the elastic recovery of the spring steel plate, avoiding repeated calibration. At the same time, when the adjustment algorithm fails to adjust continuously for multiple times, it automatically expands the adjustment range and updates the user feature library. Compared with the fixed-threshold adjustment system, it can adapt to individual lumbar curvature differences and improve the secondary adjustment efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic perspective exploded view of the whole invention.

[0034] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic side view of the whole invention.

[0035] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic perspective view of the whole invention.

[0036] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic perspective view of the displacement mechanism of the invention.

[0037] Figure 5 FIG. is an effect diagram of the overall displacement structure of the invention.

[0038] Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic side view of the whole of Embodiment 3 of the invention.

[0039] Figure 7 FIG. is a flowchart of the method of the invention.

[0040] Reference numerals are: 1, basic bottom plate; 2, limiting rod; 3, displacement mechanism; 301, fixed bearing; 302, spring steel plate; 303, displacement bearing; 4, control unit; 5, displacement plate; 6, connecting through hole; 7, fixed lumbar support; 8, non-contact capacitive induction array; 801, upper lumbar proximity sensor; 802, middle lumbar proximity sensor; 803, lower lumbar proximity sensor; 804, data transmission line; 9, fixed hook; 10, limiting spring; 11, fixing hole; 12, slide rail; 13, window opening; 14, adjusting rod; 15, fixed threaded hole; 16, ventilation hole; 17, connecting position hole; 18, bolt; 19, nut; 20, driving gear; 21, protruding block; 22, spring; 23, round rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] As shown in the attached Figures 1 to 7 A front-back adjustable lumbar support structure for a vehicle seat, comprising a base floor plate 1, characterized in that: four groups of limiting rods 2 are arranged on one side of the base floor plate 1, and the four groups of limiting rods 2 are evenly arranged along the vertical direction of the base floor plate 1. A displacement mechanism 3 is arranged at the center of the outer wall of the limiting rod 2. A control unit 4 is arranged on one side of the displacement mechanism 3. A displacement plate 5 is arranged on one side of the displacement mechanism 3. Four connecting through holes 6 are arranged on the outer wall of the displacement plate 5, and the four groups of connecting through holes 6 are evenly arranged along the vertical direction of the displacement plate 5. The displacement plate 5 is connected to the base floor plate 1 through the combination of the connecting through holes 6 and the limiting rods 2. A fixed lumbar support 7 is arranged on one side of the displacement plate 5. A non-contact capacitive sensing array 8 is arranged on the outer wall of the fixed lumbar support 7. Fixed hooks 9 are arranged on both sides of the base floor plate 1 and the displacement plate 5. A limiting spring 10 is arranged on one side of the fixed hook 9.

[0044] Specifically, the base floor plate 1 serves as the core load-bearing platform, and four groups of Φ8mm stainless steel limiting rods 2 are equidistantly arranged in the vertical direction, with a sliding tolerance of 0.02mm formed through precision machining to ensure that the connecting through holes 6 of the displacement plate 5 can achieve stepless smooth displacement along the rod body. At the same time, a three-stage linkage control structure is adopted: the displacement mechanism 3 is precisely meshed with the slide rail 12 through the built-in 6200-type ball displacement bearing 303 therein. Driven by the control unit 4, it can drive the spring steel plate 302 to generate a controllable bending deformation of 0-15°. This structure integrates a non-contact capacitive sensing array 8, preferably the Cypress CY8C201xx series capacitive sensor module, which can collect lumbar contact data in real time through three independent detection channels. When the components work together, when the sensor detects a pressure deviation > 10%, the control unit 4 will drive the displacement bearing 303 to advance with an accuracy of 0.1mm, and cooperate with the pre-tightening force compensation of the limiting spring 10 to achieve self-adaptive adjustment of the lumbar support surface. This modular design solves the problem of concentrated lumbar spine pressure caused by single-point support of traditional lumbar supports through dual control of mechanical limitation and electronic feedback.

[0045] Based on Embodiment 1, the solution in Embodiment 1 is further refined and introduced in combination with the following specific working methods, as Figures 1 to 7 shown, and the details are described below:

[0046] As a preferred implementation manner, the displacement mechanism 3 includes a fixed bearing 301, a spring steel plate 302, and a displacement bearing 303. The spring steel plate 302 is arranged on one side of the fixed bearing 301. The displacement bearing 303 is arranged on one side of the spring steel plate 302. One side of the displacement bearing 303 is connected to the control unit 4.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, fixing holes 11 are provided at the four corners of the base plate 1, a slide rail 12 is provided at the center of one side of the base plate 1, and the displacement mechanism 3 is connected to the slide rail 12 through a displacement bearing 303, so that the control unit 4 can drive the displacement bearing 303 to vertically displace along the slide rail 12, driving the spring steel plate 302 to bend and reset.

[0048] Specifically, the fixed bearing 301 is welded to the end of the slide rail 12 of the base bottom plate 1 by interference fit, serving as a static support base for the displacement mechanism; the spring steel plate 302 is made of 65Mn spring steel strip with a thickness of 0.8-1.2 mm, and is formed into a hyperbolic arc structure after quenching + medium-temperature tempering heat treatment, and its first end is rigidly connected to the fixed bearing 301 by a hexagonal flange bolt, and the end is connected to the shaft core of the displacement bearing 303 by a mortise and tenon buckle. This structural design allows the spring steel plate 302 to generate bidirectional bending deformation when subjected to axial pressure; The displacement bearing 303 is preferably an INA brand LBCR12 series linear ball bearing, whose outer ring forms a clearance fit with the slide rail 12 (tolerance zone H7 / g6), and the inner ring is rigidly connected to the screw output shaft of the control unit 4 through a flat key. When the control unit 4 receives the pressure distribution signal, it drives the displacement bearing 303 to vertically displace along the slide rail 12 with an accuracy of 0.1mm / step. At this time, the elastic deformation ΔL of the spring steel plate 302 and the displacement D satisfy the nonlinear relationship of ΔL=0.618D, which can ensure the support stiffness and avoid rigid impact. Through the coupling effect of the mechanical elastic element and the linear motion mechanism, while achieving an adjustment accuracy of ±0.5mm, the thrust distribution uniformity of the displacement plate 5 is improved.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment, a window 13 is provided on the outer wall of the displacement plate 5, and an adjusting rod 14 is provided on both sides of the window 13. A fixed threaded hole 15 is provided on one side of the adjusting rod 14. Four groups of fixed threaded holes 15 are provided, and the four groups of fixed threaded holes 15 are evenly arranged along the vertical direction of the displacement plate 5. The fixed lumbar support 7 is in an arch shape, and a vent hole 16 is provided on the outer wall of the fixed lumbar support 7. Connecting holes 17 are provided at the four corners of the fixed lumbar support 7. The connecting holes 17 and the fixed threaded holes 15 are connected by bolts 18, and a nut 19 is provided on one side of the bolt 18.

[0050] Specifically, the fixing holes 11 at the four corners of the base floor 1 are rigidly connected to the automotive seat frame through bolts. The slide rail 12 provided at its center adopts a high-precision linear guide rail such as the HIWIN MGN12C type slide rail 12, and forms a linear guiding pair with the MISUMI LM8UU linear displacement bearing 303 of the displacement mechanism 3. By driving the displacement bearing 303 to move vertically along the slide rail 12 through the control unit 4, the leaf spring 302 generates precise elastic bending deformation, thereby pushing the displacement plate 5 to generate a forward and backward displacement of ±15 mm along the limiting rod 2; combining the precise guiding of the slide rail 12 - bearing with the elastic energy storage characteristics of the leaf spring 302: the linear motion accuracy of the slide rail 12 can reach ±0.01 mm, ensuring the stable motion trajectory of the displacement plate 5; the leaf spring 302 serves as both a power transmission medium during the bending process and provides an adaptive support force through its resilience. In practical applications, when the control unit 4 receives the pressure distribution signal of the non-contact capacitive sensing array 8, it drives the displacement bearing 303 through a micro stepping motor to perform displacement adjustment with an accuracy of 0.5 mm. This mechanical combination enables the lumbar support to complete the attitude adjustment within 0.5 seconds, improving the response speed compared to the traditional gear transmission structure.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, the non-contact capacitive sensing array 8 includes an upper lumbar proximity sensor 801, a middle lumbar proximity sensor 802, a lower lumbar proximity sensor 803, and a data transmission line 804. The middle lumbar proximity sensor 802 is provided below the upper lumbar proximity sensor 801, and the lower lumbar proximity sensor 803 is provided on one side of the middle lumbar proximity sensor 802. The data transmission lines 804 are connected to the backs of the upper lumbar proximity sensor 801, the middle lumbar proximity sensor 802, and the lower lumbar proximity sensor 803.

[0052] Specifically, the three sensors are embedded in the outer wall of the arched surface of the fixed lumbar support 7 in a longitudinal array form. Among them, the upper lumbar sensor 801 is positioned in the corresponding area of the lumbar vertebrae L1 - L3, the middle lumbar sensor 802 corresponds to the L4 - L5 area, and the lower lumbar sensor 803 covers the sacral contact surface. The data transmission lines 804 are integrated with the backs of the sensors through flexible circuit boards and form a closed-loop feedback system with the control unit 4. Adopting non-contact capacitive sensing such as the Texas Instruments FDC1004 module can detect the change in the dielectric constant between the waist and the electrodes of the non-contact capacitive sensing array 8, and obtain the contact trend within the distance range of 0.5 - 3 cm in real time, with a sensitivity of ±0.1 mm;

[0053] Embed the AD7150 capacitive digital conversion chip into the non-contact capacitive sensing array 8. Through its 1fF resolution characteristic, detect the pressure gradient in each area. Cooperate with the preset human lumbar curvature database, so that the control unit 4 can identify the different support requirements of the upper, middle and lower waists. For example, when the upper waist sensor 801 detects that the distance value continuously > 2 cm, preferentially drive the displacement mechanism 3 to perform local forward push compensation. The non-contact capacitive sensing array 8 uses a 3×3 mm QFN package and is covered with a 0.1 mm silicone protective layer, which not only ensures signal stability but also avoids electromagnetic interference to the human body from metal components. The power consumption of the whole system is less than 15 mW, and it can achieve continuous operation through the vehicle-mounted 12V power supply.

[0054] Embodiment 2

[0055] A method for adjusting the front and rear of an automotive seat lumbar support structure includes the following steps:

[0056] S1. After the user takes a seat, activate the non-contact capacitive sensing array 8 and the control unit 4 through the vehicle-mounted power supply or a manual switch, so that the upper waist proximity sensor 801, the middle waist proximity sensor 802 and the lower waist proximity sensor 803 can continuously monitor the contact distance between the user's waist and the fixed lumbar support 7.

[0057] S2. The control unit 4 preferentially adjusts the displacement of the area with the maximum pressure according to the capacitance value differences of the upper waist proximity sensor 801, the middle waist proximity sensor 802 and the lower waist proximity sensor 803.

[0058] S3. The control unit 4 drives the displacement bearing 303 to perform vertical displacement along the slide rail 12, drives the spring steel plate 302 to bend and deform, pushes the displacement plate 5 to slide along the limit rod 2, and the movement of the displacement plate 5 makes the fixed lumbar support 7 fit the user's waist curve until the non-contact capacitive sensing array 8 detects that the pressure in each area is balanced.

[0059] S4. When the user leaves the seat, the control unit 4 triggers the displacement bearing 303 to reset, the spring steel plate 302 returns to its initial state, and the fixed lumbar support 7 retracts to the default position of the base floor 1. When the user takes a seat again, the system repeats steps S1 - S4 to achieve adaptive cyclic adjustment.

[0060] Specifically, after the user takes a seat, three groups of capacitive proximity sensors with the model of Texas Instruments FDC2214 integrated on the surface of the fixed lumbar support 7 detect the waist contact distance in real time. Among them, the upper waist proximity sensor 801, the middle waist proximity sensor 802, and the lower waist proximity sensor 803 respectively correspond to the anatomical regions of lumbar vertebrae L1-L2, L3-L4, and L5-S1. The capacitance change value is transmitted to the control unit 4 through the data transmission line 804. After being processed by low-pass filtering and the pressure distribution algorithm, the displacement bearing 303 meshed with the slide rail 12 in the displacement mechanism 3 is preferentially driven. The elastic deformation of the spring steel plate 302 is used to push the displacement plate 5 to slide directionally along the four groups of limiting rods 2, so that the fixed lumbar support 7 generates a forward and backward displacement of 0-50 mm. The non-contact capacitive sensing is used to replace the traditional pressure sensor, and the millimeter-level dynamic compensation is realized through real-time pressure gradient analysis (triggered for adjustment when the standard deviation σ>0.5). At the same time, the combined design of the spring steel plate 302 and the displacement bearing 303 of the displacement mechanism 3 not only ensures the linear output of the thrust, but also can be automatically reset by the limiting spring 10 when the user leaves the seat. This integrated solution realizes the adaptive matching of the curvature of the support surface and the physiological curvature of the human lumbar spine through the triple coordination of sensor array positioning, electromechanical linkage adjustment, and elastic reset mechanism.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the steps of adjusting the displacement of the area with the maximum pressure are as follows:

[0062] A1. Data acquisition and input: The non-contact capacitive sensing array 8 collects the contact distance and capacitance change value between the user's waist and the lumbar support in real time and converts them into electrical signals;

[0063] A2. Signal preprocessing and noise filtering: A low-pass filter is used to eliminate the interference of environmental noise on the capacitive signal, and the capacitance values of the upper waist proximity sensor 801, the middle waist proximity sensor 802, and the lower waist proximity sensor 803 of the non-contact capacitive sensing array 8 are normalized according to a preset threshold;

[0064] A3. Pressure distribution feature extraction: Calculate the standard deviation of the absolute value of the pressure of each group of proximity sensors, and identify the pressure gradient. According to the human body size data, match the position of the center line of the user's lumbar vertebrae. The formula for calculating the standard deviation is:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, σ represents the standard deviation; N represents the total number of regions; P i represents the absolute value of the real-time pressure of the i-th region; μ represents the mean value of the absolute value of the pressure of the non-contact capacitive sensing array 8;

[0067] A4. Adjustment strategy generation: Judge the σ calculated above,

[0068] If σ > 0.5, it is determined that the pressure distribution is uneven, and the displacement mechanism 3 is triggered for adjustment;

[0069] If σ ≤ 0.5, it is determined that the support is balanced, and the current state is maintained;

[0070] If the pressure difference between the upper waist proximity sensor 801, the middle waist proximity sensor 802, and the lower waist proximity sensor 803 is < 10%, the overall support arc is finely adjusted according to the preset ergonomic curve;

[0071] A5. After the adjustment is completed, the pressure data of the upper waist proximity sensor 801, the middle waist proximity sensor 802, and the lower waist proximity sensor 803 are collected again to verify whether the preset equilibrium state is reached. If the adjustment fails to meet the standard for multiple consecutive times, the algorithm automatically expands the adjustment range and updates the user feature library.

[0072] Specifically, when the user sits down, the upper waist proximity sensor 801, the middle waist proximity sensor 802, and the lower waist proximity sensor 803 collect the waist contact distance in real time and generate capacitance gradient data, and input the signal into the control unit 4 through the data transmission line 804; the second-order Butterworth filter with a cut-off frequency of 10 Hz built in the control unit 4 performs noise reduction processing on the original signal, and then analyzes the pressure distribution characteristics through standard deviation calculation:

[0073] When σ > 0.5, the displacement mechanism is driven. The SKF 6203-2RS1 displacement bearing 303 is equipped to perform vertical displacement along the slide rail 12. Through the elastic deformation of the spring steel plate 302, the displacement plate 5 slides precisely on the limiting rod 2, so that the fixed lumbar support 7 dynamically adjusts the support arc in 7 sub-regions. By combining non-contact sensing and mechanical displacement decoupling control, the high-pressure area such as the L3 / L4 node of the lumbar vertebra is preferentially adjusted through pressure gradient recognition. Compared with the traditional overall adjustment scheme, this structure reduces the pressure difference between the fixed lumbar support 7 and the human contact surface, and at the same time, the slide rail 12 - spring steel plate 302 composite mechanism reduces mechanical wear on the premise of ensuring the adjustment accuracy.

[0074] As a preferred implementation manner, in step S3, the driving mode of the displacement bearing 303 is controlled by a vehicle-mounted computer for movement, and the displacement accuracy is ±1 mm. The ventilation holes 16 of the fixed lumbar support 7 are linked with the seat ventilation system during the adjustment process, and the air flow output is automatically increased when the lumbar support moves forward.

[0075] Specifically, after the displacement bearing 303 is controlled to move, the spring steel plate 302 pushes the displacement plate 5 to slide along the four groups of limit rods 2, so that the fixed lumbar support 7 fits the lumbar curve. At this time, the non-contact capacitive sensing array 8 immediately feeds back the capacitance values of each area to the control unit 4 through the data transmission line 804, calculates the standard deviation σ and compares it with the equilibrium threshold (σ ≤ 0.5); if not up to the standard, the control unit 4 drives the stepper motor to increase the stroke of the displacement bearing 303, simultaneously eliminates the seat vibration noise based on the Kalman filtering algorithm, and dynamically optimizes the adjustment amount through the user feature library (storing lumbar curve data).

[0076] Embodiment 3

[0077] As Figure 6 shown, the fixed lumbar support 7 is different from the fixed lumbar support 7 in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. The fixed lumbar support 7 is made of cemented carbide material, and a hollow fixed slot is arranged inside. A spring 22 is arranged in the slot, and a round rod 23 is connected through the spring 22. There are several groups of round rods 23, and each group of round rods 23 is evenly arranged along the horizontal direction of the fixed lumbar support 7 to form the contact surface of the fixed lumbar support 7. Both sides of the round rod 23 are connected to the fixed lumbar support 7 through the spring 22. Three rotating gears 20 are arranged below the round rod 23, and convex blocks 21 are arranged on the outer wall of the rotating gears 20. Each group of rotating gears 20 can move independently. Different rotating gears 20 are driven to rotate according to the contact situation between the non-contact capacitive sensor array 8 arranged inside the round rod 23 and the user's lumbar curve, so as to drive the convex blocks 21 to rotate, drive the round rod 23 to move up and down along the vertical direction of the fixed lumbar support 7, and make the contact surface formed by the round rod 23 fit the user's waist more closely, relieving the lumbar fatigue of the user during driving;

[0078] Specifically, when the vehicle-mounted computer receives the user's body shape parameters, it drives the gear 20 to rotate through the control unit 4. The convex block 21 on its outer wall respectively pushes the corresponding spring 22 through the stepped height difference, so that each round rod 23 generates a differential axial displacement. At this time, the non-contact capacitive sensor array 8 inside the round rod 23 real-time detects the contact pressure with the waist, and feeds the data back to the control unit 4 for closed-loop correction of the rotation angle of the convex block 21, so that the round rods 23 in the upper, middle and lower areas are perfectly fitted with the user's waist, relieving the user's lumbar fatigue. The technical effects and advantages implemented in this way are as follows:

[0079] 1. Through the linkage of the mechanical structure of the gear convex block and capacitive sensing, millimeter-level dynamic adjustment of the contact surface form is realized. The convex block 21 adopts a multi-layer stepped design with a 0.5mm level difference, and can perform precise sub-regional support for the lumbar curve in the S1-L5 segments;

[0080] 2. The flexible circuit board and the non-contact capacitive sensor array 8 are integrated inside the round rod 23, and the signal can still be stably transmitted during the axial displacement process;

[0081] 3. By adopting the form of three independent rotating gears 20 driving the protruding blocks 21, the fixed lumbar support 7 can change the curve radian of the contact surface according to the user's waist shape. While the non-contact capacitive sensor array 8 memorizes the shape of the user's waist curve, the round rod 23 is used to change the shape of the contact surface, further relieving the pressure exerted on the user's waist by the seat.

[0082] The working process of the present invention is as follows: When the user takes a seat, the non-contact capacitive sensing array 8 collects the waist contact data in real time through the trapezoidal detection area composed of the upper waist proximity sensor 801, the middle waist proximity sensor 802, and the lower waist proximity sensor 803. Its innovation lies in adopting the non-contact capacitive detection technology to replace the traditional pressure sensor, detecting the change in the contact distance between the human waist and the fixed lumbar support 7 instead of direct pressure, and combining with the algorithm built in the control unit 4 to accurately identify the pressure distribution characteristics. The control unit 4 dynamically analyzes the pressure differences in the three regions according to the preset pressure standard deviation calculation formula. When σ>0.5, the displacement mechanism 3 is triggered to work: driving the displacement bearing 303 to move vertically along the slide rail 12 of the base plate 1, driving the spring steel plate 302 to generate elastic bending, and pushing the displacement plate 5 to perform multi-directional sliding adjustment along the four sets of limiting rods 2. The necessity of this design is that the cooperation between the four sets of limiting rods 2 and the four sets of connecting through holes 6 not only ensures the stable guiding of the displacement plate 5 but also realizes the two-way adjustment function through the elastic deformation of the spring steel plate 302. The displacement plate 5 drives the three-dimensional curved surface of the fixed lumbar support 7 to adaptively fit the human curve. Its innovative implementation method is reflected in the cooperation structure of the window 13 and the adjusting rod 14, enabling the arched lumbar support 7 to be finely adjusted in radian through the four sets of fixed threaded holes 15, and forming an air circulation channel in combination with the ventilation holes 16 to optimize the comfort while realizing the active adjustment. After the pressure of the whole system is balanced, the control unit 4 maintains the adjustment state through the limiting spring 10. When the user leaves the seat, the displacement bearing 303 automatically resets. This electromechanical linkage design effectively solves the problems of low adjustment accuracy and inability to provide real-time feedback of traditional lumbar supports. The above is the working principle of the front-back adjustable lumbar support structure and method for an automotive seat.

Claims

1. A lumbar support structure for adjusting the front and rear position of a car seat, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: A limiting rod (2) is provided on one side of the base bottom plate (1), and the limiting rod (2) is provided in four groups, and the four groups of limiting rods (2) are evenly arranged along the vertical direction of the base bottom plate (1); a displacement mechanism (3) is provided at the center of the outer wall of the limiting rod (2), and a control unit (4) is provided on one side of the displacement mechanism (3); a displacement plate (5) is provided on one side of the displacement mechanism (3), and a connecting through hole (6) is provided on the outer wall of the displacement plate (5), and the connecting through holes (6) are provided in four groups, and the four groups of connecting through holes (6) are arranged on the outer wall of the displacement plate (5). The connecting through holes (6) are evenly arranged along the vertical direction of the displacement plate (5); the displacement plate (5) is connected to the basic bottom plate (1) through the combination of the connecting through holes (6) and the limiting rod (2); a fixed waist support (7) is arranged on one side of the displacement plate (5); a non-contact capacitive sensing array (8) is arranged on the outer wall of the fixed waist support (7); fixed hooks (9) are arranged on both sides of the basic bottom plate (1) and the displacement plate (5); and a limiting spring (10) is arranged on one side of the fixed hook (9).

2. The front-to-back adjustable lumbar support structure for a car seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement mechanism (3) comprises a fixed bearing (301), a spring steel plate (302) and a displacement bearing (303); the spring steel plate (302) is arranged on one side of the fixed bearing (301); the displacement bearing (303) is arranged on one side of the spring steel plate (302); and one side of the displacement bearing (303) is connected to the control unit (4).

3. The front-rear adjustable lumbar support structure of a car seat according to claim 2, characterized in that: The four corners of the base plate (1) are provided with fixing holes (11), a slide rail (12) is provided at the center of one side of the base plate (1), and the displacement mechanism (3) is connected to the slide rail (12) via the displacement bearing (303), so that the control unit (4) can drive the displacement bearing (303) to vertically displace along the slide rail (12), thereby driving the spring steel plate (302) to bend and reset.

4. The front-to-back adjustable lumbar support structure for a car seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the displacement plate (5) is provided with a window (13), and both sides of the window (13) are provided with an adjustment rod (14). One side of the adjustment rod (14) is provided with a fixing threaded hole (15), and four groups of the fixing threaded holes (15) are provided, and the four groups of the fixing threaded holes (15) are evenly arranged along the vertical direction of the displacement plate (5). The fixed waist support (7) is in an arch shape, and the outer wall of the fixed waist support (7) is provided with a vent hole (16). The four corners of the fixed waist support (7) are provided with connection holes (17), and the connection holes (17) and the fixing threaded holes (15) are connected by bolts (18), and a nut (19) is provided on one side of the bolt (18).

5. The front-to-back adjustable lumbar support structure for a car seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contactless capacitive sensing array (8) comprises an upper waist proximity sensor (801), a middle waist proximity sensor (802), a lower waist proximity sensor (803) and a data transmission line (804); the middle waist proximity sensor (802) is arranged below the upper waist proximity sensor (801); the lower waist proximity sensor (803) is arranged on one side of the middle waist proximity sensor (802); and the backs of the upper waist proximity sensor (801), the middle waist proximity sensor (802) and the lower waist proximity sensor (803) are all connected to the data transmission line (804).

6. A method for adjusting the lumbar support structure of a car seat forward and backward, applicable to the lumbar support structure of a car seat forward and backward as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. After the user takes a seat, the non-contact capacitive sensing array (8) and the control unit (4) are activated through a vehicle power supply or a manual switch, so that the upper waist proximity sensor (801), the middle waist proximity sensor (802) and the lower waist proximity sensor (803) monitor the contact distance between the user's waist and the fixed waist support (7) in real time; S2, the control unit (4) preferentially adjusts the displacement of the area with the maximum pressure according to the difference in capacitance values ​​of the upper waist proximity sensor (801), the middle waist proximity sensor (802) and the lower waist proximity sensor (803); S3, the control unit (4) drives the displacement bearing (303) to move vertically along the slide rail (12), causing the spring steel plate (302) to bend and deform, pushing the displacement plate (5) to slide along the limit rod (2), and the movement of the displacement plate (5) causes the fixed waist support (7) to fit the waist curve of the user until the non-contact capacitive sensing array (8) detects that the pressure in each area is balanced; S4. When the user leaves the seat, the control unit (4) triggers the displacement bearing (303) to reset, the spring steel plate (302) returns to its initial state, and the fixed lumbar support (7) returns to the default position of the base plate (1). When the user sits down again, the system repeats steps S1-S4 to achieve adaptive cyclic adjustment.

7. A method for adjusting the lumbar support structure of a car seat forward and backward according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, the steps of adjusting the displacement of the maximum pressure area are as follows: A1. Data collection and input: The non-contact capacitive sensing array (8) collects the contact distance between the user's waist and the waist support and the capacitance change value in real time, and converts them into electrical signals; A2, signal preprocessing and noise filtering: using a low-pass filter to eliminate the interference of environmental noise on the capacitive signal, and normalizing the capacitance values ​​of the upper waist proximity sensor (801), the middle waist proximity sensor (802) and the lower waist proximity sensor (803) of the non-contact capacitive sensing array (8) according to a preset threshold; A3. Extraction of pressure distribution features: Calculate the standard deviation of the absolute pressure values ​​of each group of proximity sensors, identify the pressure gradient, match the user's lumbar centerline position according to the human body size data, and calculate the standard deviation using the formula: Where σ represents the standard deviation; N represents the total number of regions; P i represents the real-time absolute value of the pressure in the ith area; μ represents the average value of the absolute value of the pressure of the non-contact capacitive sensing array (8); A4. Generate adjustment strategy: judge the σ obtained by the above calculation. If σ>0.5, it is determined that the pressure distribution is uneven, and the displacement mechanism (3) is triggered to perform adjustment; If σ≤0.5, it is determined to be support equilibrium and the current state is maintained; If the pressure difference among the upper waist proximity sensor (801), the middle waist proximity sensor (802) and the lower waist proximity sensor (803) is less than 10%, the overall support curvature is finely adjusted according to a preset ergonomic curve; A5. After the adjustment is completed, the pressure data of the upper waist proximity sensor (801), the middle waist proximity sensor (802) and the lower waist proximity sensor (803) are collected again to verify whether the preset equilibrium state is reached. If the standard is not reached after multiple consecutive adjustments, the algorithm automatically expands the adjustment range and updates the user feature library.

8. The method for adjusting the lumbar support structure of a car seat forward and backward according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the displacement bearing (303) is driven by an onboard computer to control movement, and the displacement accuracy is ±1 mm. The vent hole (16) of the fixed lumbar support (7) is linked with the seat ventilation system during the adjustment process, and the air flow output is automatically increased when the lumbar support moves forward.

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