Production and processing technology of straw biochar compound fertilizer

Abstract

The invention provides a production and processing technology of a straw biochar compound fertilizer. The production and processing technology of the straw biochar compound fertilizer comprises the following steps: S1, carbonizing straws: carbonizing the straws in a carbonization furnace at the temperature of 400-600 DEG C; s2, crushing: crushing the carbonized straws; s3, mixing: mixing the crushed and carbonized straws with a chemical fertilizer, and adding a proper amount of water to prepare a compound fertilizer wet material; s4, granulation: preparing the compound fertilizer wet material into compound fertilizer wet material particles; s5, drying: drying the wet compound fertilizer particles in an environment of 80-100 DEG C to obtain the straw biochar compound fertilizer. The straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing technology provided by the invention has the advantages that the technology is relatively simple, and corresponding parameters can be adjusted in the preparation process, so that the compound fertilizer can be prepared according to the required parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plant fertilizers, and particularly to a production and processing process of a straw biochar compound fertilizer. Background Art

[0002] The extensive direct return of straw to the field not only restricts the high-value utilization of straw leaving the field, but excessive return to the field will also cause soil virtualization and a serious imbalance in the carbon-nitrogen ratio, damage the physical and chemical properties of the soil, trigger persistent pests and diseases, endanger soil health and cause agricultural production reduction. Straw carbonization for fertilizer production is one of the new straw utilization models widely concerned in the current agricultural field. Biochar is light and porous, and after returning to the field, it can significantly optimize the soil structure, increase the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity and play a slow-release effect, and improve the fertilizer utilization rate.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new production and processing process of straw biochar compound fertilizer to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a production and processing process of straw biochar compound fertilizer with a relatively simple process, which can adjust corresponding parameters during the preparation process, so as to prepare a compound fertilizer according to the required parameters.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the production and processing process of straw biochar compound fertilizer provided by the present invention includes the following steps: S1: Straw carbonization: Put the straw into a carbonization furnace at a temperature of 400-600 °C for carbonization; S2: Crushing: Crush the carbonized straw; S3: Mixing: Mix the crushed and carbonized straw with chemical fertilizers and add an appropriate amount of water to obtain a wet compound fertilizer; S4: Granulation: Prepare the wet compound fertilizer into wet compound fertilizer particles; S5: Drying: Dry the wet compound fertilizer particles in an environment of 80-100 °C to obtain the straw biochar compound fertilizer.

[0006] Preferably, in S2-S4, a crushing, mixing and granulating integrated machine is used.

[0007] Preferably, the crushing, mixing and granulating integrated machine includes: a chassis, a mobile mixing mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the chassis, a crushing and mixing mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the mobile mixing mechanism, a granulating mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the mobile mixing mechanism, the granulating mechanism is fixedly installed on the chassis, and a plugging and weighing mechanism is arranged on the crushing and mixing mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the mobile mixing mechanism includes a plurality of first support frames. A first housing is fixedly installed at the top of the first support frame. A feed inlet is provided at the top of the first housing, and a discharge outlet is provided at one end of the first housing. An auger is rotatably installed in the first housing. A second support frame is provided on the side of the first housing away from the discharge outlet. A first motor is fixedly installed at the top of the second support frame. The output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the auger.

[0009] Preferably, the crushing and mixing mechanism includes a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is communicated with the first housing through the feed inlet. A second housing is fixedly installed at the top end of the connecting pipe. Two feed hoppers are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the second housing. A hopper cover is provided on the feed hopper. A second motor is fixedly installed at the top end of the second housing. A rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the second motor. The rotating shaft is located inside the second housing and is rotatably connected to the second housing. A plurality of cutting knives are fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating shaft. A guiding pipe is provided on one side of the connecting pipe. One side of the plugging and weighing mechanism extends into the guiding pipe.

[0010] Preferably, an annular pipe is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the second housing. A plurality of spray nozzles are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular pipe. One end of the spray nozzle away from the annular pipe extends into the second housing. A water inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the annular pipe. The spray nozzle is inclined. An arc-shaped guard plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second housing. The spray nozzle is located below the arc-shaped guard plate.

[0011] Preferably, the plugging and weighing mechanism includes a sealing plate slidably installed in the guiding pipe. One side of the sealing plate is in contact with the inner wall of the connecting pipe. Two screw rods are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the other side of the sealing plate. One end of the screw rod away from the sealing plate extends out of the guiding pipe. An internally threaded pipe is threadedly sleeved on the outer side of the screw rod. A support plate is rotatably installed on the outer side of the internally threaded pipe. The bottom of the support plate is fixedly installed on the top of the first housing. A first pulley is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the internally threaded pipe. A fifth motor is fixedly installed on the top of the first housing. Two second pulleys are fixedly installed on the output shaft of the fifth motor. The second pulley and the corresponding first pulley are sleeved with the same belt on the outer side.

[0012] Preferably, an electronic scale is provided inside the sealing plate. The electronic scale is located inside the connecting pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the granulation mechanism includes a third housing fixedly installed on one side of the first housing. A granulation cylinder is rotatably installed in the third housing. The granulation cylinder is communicated with the discharge port. A plurality of granulation holes are formed in the outer wall of the granulation cylinder. Two support shafts are rotatably installed in the granulation cylinder. A pressing roller is fixedly installed on the outer side of the support shaft. A plurality of pressing strips distributed in a ring are fixedly installed on the outer side of the pressing roller. Two cutting knives are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the outer side of the granulation cylinder. The cutting knives are fixedly installed in the third housing. One side of the cutting knife is in contact with the granulation cylinder. A discharge hopper is fixedly installed at the bottom of the third housing. A third support frame is fixedly installed on one side of the third housing. A third motor is fixedly installed at the top of the third support frame. One end of the support shaft extends outside the third housing and is fixedly installed with a gear. The two gears are meshed with each other. The output shaft of the third motor is fixedly connected to one of the support shafts.

[0014] Preferably, an installation groove is formed on one side of the third housing. One end of the first housing is fixedly installed in the installation groove. A connection hole is formed on one side of the granulation cylinder. The connection hole is communicated with the discharge port.

[0015] Compared with the related art, the straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing process provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a production and processing process for straw biochar compound fertilizer. The use of a crushing, mixing and granulating integrated machine can improve the production efficiency of straw biochar compound fertilizer. Among them, the crushing and mixing mechanism composed of a connecting pipe, a second housing, a feed hopper, a hopper cover, an annular pipe, a spray head, an arc-shaped guard plate, a second motor, a rotating shaft, a cutter, a water inlet pipe and a guiding pipe can crush the carbonized straw placed in the second housing, and at the same time, the degree of crushing of the carbonized straw can be achieved by controlling the crushing time. It can also mix the chemical fertilizer entering through the feed hopper and the water entering through the spray head to obtain wet straw compound fertilizer; cooperating with the plugging and weighing mechanism composed of a sealing plate, an electronic scale, a screw, a support plate, a first pulley, a fifth motor, a second pulley and a belt can facilitate the crushing of materials and the control of the material ratio, so as to ensure the proportion of the prepared wet straw compound fertilizer; through the moving and mixing mechanism composed of a first support frame, a first housing, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet, a screw conveyor, a second support frame and a first motor, it can conveniently transfer the wet straw compound fertilizer from the crushing and mixing mechanism to the granulating mechanism, and at the same time, it can further mix the wet straw compound fertilizer, thereby improving the material uniformity of the wet straw compound fertilizer; through the granulating mechanism composed of a third housing, a granulating cylinder, granulating holes, a support shaft, a pressure roller, a pressure strip, a cutter, a plugging block, a discharge hopper, a fixing rod, a third support frame, a third motor, a gear, a connecting hole, an installation groove, a protective cover, a connecting shaft and a fourth motor, it can relatively conveniently prepare the wet straw compound fertilizer into granules of the required size, and at the same time, it can control the specific size of the granules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the production and processing process for straw biochar compound fertilizer provided by the present invention; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the crushing, mixing and granulating integrated machine for the production and processing process of straw biochar compound fertilizer provided by the present invention; Figure 3 is Figure 2 a structural schematic diagram of another perspective shown in; Figure 4 is Figure 2 a connection structural schematic diagram of the crushing and mixing mechanism and the plugging and weighing mechanism shown in; Figure 5 is Figure 4 a structural schematic diagram of another perspective shown in; Figure 6 is Figure 4 a sectional structural schematic diagram shown in; Figure 7 is Figure 4 a structural schematic diagram of the plugging and weighing mechanism shown in; Figure 8 is Figure 2Schematic diagram of the connection structure of the chassis and the mobile mixing mechanism shown; Figure 9 is Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the sectional structure shown; Figure 10 is Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the granulation mechanism shown; Figure 11 is Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective shown; Figure 12 is Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure after removing the protective cover shown; Figure 13 is Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure after removing the protective cover and the third housing shown; Figure 14 is Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure after removing the granulation cylinder and the cutting knife shown.

[0017] Reference numerals in the figure: 1, chassis; 101, support leg; 102, mounting plate; 2, mobile mixing mechanism; 201, first support frame; 202, first housing; 203, feed inlet; 204, discharge outlet; 205, auger; 206, second support frame; 207, first motor; 3, crushing and mixing mechanism; 301, connecting pipe; 302, second housing; 303, feed hopper; 304, hopper cover; 305, annular pipe; 306, spray head; 307, arc-shaped guard plate; 308, second motor; 309, rotating shaft; 310, cutting knife; 311, water inlet pipe; 312, guide pipe; 4, granulation mechanism; 401, third housing; 402, granulation cylinder; 403, granulation holes; 404, support shaft; 405, pressure roller; 406, pressure strip; 407, cutting knife; 408, plugging block; 409, discharge hopper; 410, fixing rod; 411, third support frame; 412, third motor; 413, gear; 414, connection hole; 415, mounting groove; 416, protective cover; 417, connecting shaft; 418, fourth motor; 5, plugging and weighing mechanism; 501, sealing plate; 502, electronic scale; 503, screw; 504, support plate; 505, first pulley; 506, fifth motor; 507, second pulley; 508, belt. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Please refer to Figures 1 - 14 , wherein, Figure 1 is the flow chart of the straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing process provided by the present invention; Figure 2Schematic diagram of the crushing, mixing and granulating integrated machine for the straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing technology provided by the present invention; Figure 3 is Figure 2 the schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective shown; Figure 4 is Figure 2 the connection structure schematic diagram of the crushing and mixing mechanism and the plugging and weighing mechanism shown; Figure 5 is Figure 4 the schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective shown; Figure 6 is Figure 4 the sectional structure schematic diagram shown; Figure 7 is Figure 4 the structure schematic diagram of the plugging and weighing mechanism shown; Figure 8 is Figure 2 the connection structure schematic diagram of the chassis and the mobile mixing mechanism shown; Figure 9 is Figure 8 the sectional structure schematic diagram shown; Figure 10 is Figure 2 the structure schematic diagram of the granulating mechanism shown; Figure 11 is Figure 10 the schematic diagram of the structure from another perspective shown; Figure 12 is Figure 10 the structure schematic diagram after removing the protective cover shown; Figure 13 is Figure 10 the structure schematic diagram after removing the protective cover and the third housing shown; Figure 14 is Figure 13 the structure schematic diagram after removing the granulating cylinder and the cutting knife shown. The straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing technology includes the following steps: S1: Straw carbonization: Put the straw into a carbonization furnace at a temperature of 400 - 600 °C for carbonization; S2: Crushing: Crush the carbonized straw; S3: Mixing: Mix the crushed and carbonized straw with chemical fertilizers, and add an appropriate amount of water to obtain a compound fertilizer wet material. The proportion of straw to chemical fertilizers is 3:7, and the water content of the compound fertilizer wet material is 18% - 25%; S4: Granulating: Prepare the compound fertilizer wet material into compound fertilizer wet material particles. The particle diameter of the compound fertilizer wet material is 2 - 6 mm, and the length is 5 - 15 mm; S5: Drying: Dry the compound fertilizer wet material particles in an environment of 80 - 100 °C to obtain the straw biochar compound fertilizer.

[0020] In S2 - S4, a crushing, mixing and granulating integrated machine is used.

[0021] The integrated crushing, mixing and granulating machine includes: a chassis 1, the chassis 1 includes a plurality of support legs 101 and a mounting plate 102 fixedly installed on the tops of the plurality of support legs 101, a mobile mixing mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the chassis 1, a crushing and mixing mechanism 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the mobile mixing mechanism 2, a granulating mechanism 4 is provided at the tail end of the mobile mixing mechanism 2, the granulating mechanism 4 is fixedly installed on the chassis 1, and a plugging and weighing mechanism 5 is provided on the crushing and mixing mechanism 3.

[0022] The mobile mixing mechanism 2 includes a plurality of first support frames 201, a first housing 202 is fixedly installed on the top of the first support frames 201, a feed inlet 203 is provided on the top of the first housing 202, a discharge outlet 204 is provided at one end of the first housing 202, an auger 205 is rotatably installed in the first housing 202, a second support frame 206 is provided on the side of the first housing 202 away from the discharge outlet 204, a first motor 207 is fixedly installed on the top of the second support frame 206, and the output shaft of the first motor 207 is fixedly connected to one end of the auger 205.

[0023] When it is necessary to move the material in the crushing and mixing mechanism 3 into the granulating mechanism 4, the first motor 207 is started, the first motor 207 drives the auger 205 to rotate, and the auger 205 transfers the material from left to right as shown in Figure 9 the figure and finally transfers it from the discharge outlet 204 into the granulating mechanism 4. At the same time, when the auger 5 transfers the material, the mixing rate of the material can be improved.

[0024] The crushing and mixing mechanism 3 includes a connecting pipe 301, the connecting pipe 301 is communicated with the first housing 202 through the feed inlet 203, a second housing 302 is fixedly installed at the top end of the connecting pipe 301, two feed hoppers 303 are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the second housing 302, a hopper cover 304 is provided on the feed hopper 303, a second motor 308 is fixedly installed at the top end of the second housing 302, a rotating shaft 309 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the second motor 308, the rotating shaft 309 is located in the second housing 302 and is rotatably connected to the second housing 302, a plurality of cutting knives 310 are fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating shaft 309, a guiding pipe 312 is provided on one side of the connecting pipe 301, and one side of the plugging and weighing mechanism 5 extends into the guiding pipe 312.

[0025] An annular pipe 305 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the second housing 302. A plurality of spray nozzles 306 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the annular pipe 305. One end of the spray nozzle 306 far away from the annular pipe 305 extends into the second housing 302. A water inlet pipe 311 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the annular pipe 305. The spray nozzle 306 is inclined. An arc-shaped guard plate 307 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second housing 302. The spray nozzle 306 is located below the arc-shaped guard plate 307.

[0026] When it is necessary to crush and mix the straw, first, the bottom of the second housing 302 is closed by the sealing plate 501. Then, the carbonized straw is put into the second housing 302 through the feed hopper 303. Then, the second motor 308 is started. The second motor 308 drives the cutter 310 to rotate through the rotating shaft 309, so as to crush the put carbonized straw. The degree of straw crushing can be controlled by controlling the working time of the second motor 308. When the carbonized straw is crushed, the chemical fertilizer is put through the feed hopper 303. Then, according to the quality of the straw and the chemical fertilizer, the water inlet pipe 311 is connected to a high-pressure water source. Then, water can be added into the second housing 302 through the annular pipe 305 and the spray nozzles 306. Then, the second motor 308 is started again, and the straw, the chemical fertilizer and the water are mixed to obtain the wet compound fertilizer.

[0027] The plugging and weighing mechanism 5 includes a sealing plate 501 slidably installed in the guide pipe 312. One side of the sealing plate 501 is in contact with the inner wall of the connecting pipe 301. Two screw rods 503 are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the other side of the sealing plate 501. One end of the screw rod 503 far away from the sealing plate 501 extends out of the guide pipe 312. An internally threaded pipe is threadedly sleeved on the outer side of the screw rod 503. A support plate 504 is rotatably installed on the outer side of the internally threaded pipe. The bottom of the support plate 504 is fixedly installed on the top of the first housing 202. An internally threaded pipe is fixedly sleeved with a first pulley 505 on the outer side. A fifth motor 506 is fixedly installed on the top of the first housing 202. Two second pulleys 507 are fixedly installed on the output shaft of the fifth motor 506. The same belt 508 is sleeved on the outer sides of the second pulley 507 and the corresponding first pulley 505.

[0028] An electronic scale 502 is arranged in the sealing plate 501. The electronic scale 502 is located in the connecting pipe 301.

[0029] The straw put into the second housing 302 can be weighed through the electronic scale 502 on the sealing plate 501, so that the chemical fertilizer and water added in sequence can also be weighed. Thus, the ratio of the straw, the chemical fertilizer and the water can be controlled more accurately, the viscosity of the wet compound fertilizer can be ensured, and the granulation work can be made more convenient.

[0030] After the compound fertilizer wet material is prepared, only the fifth motor 506 needs to be started. The fifth motor 506 drives the first pulley 505 to rotate through the second pulley 507 and the belt 508. The first pulley 505 drives the internally threaded tube to rotate on the support plate 504, so that the screw 503 can be driven to move out of the second housing 302. The screw 503 drives the sealing plate 501 and the electronic scale 502 to move out of the second housing 302 until the sealing plate 501 moves out of the inner wall of the connecting pipe 301. At this time, the connecting pipe 301 is completely opened, and the compound fertilizer wet material on the sealing plate 501 and the electronic scale 502 is scraped clean through the guide pipe 312, and the compound fertilizer wet material can be better dropped from the connecting pipe 301 into the first housing 202.

[0031] The granulation mechanism 4 includes a third housing 401 fixedly installed on one side of the first housing 202. A granulation cylinder 402 is rotatably installed in the third housing 401. A connecting shaft 417 is fixedly installed on one side of the granulation cylinder 402. A fourth motor 418 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the third housing 401. The output shaft of the fourth motor 418 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting shaft 417. The granulation cylinder 402 is communicated with the discharge port 204. A plurality of granulation holes 403 are formed in the outer wall of the granulation cylinder 402. Two support shafts 404 are rotatably installed in the granulation cylinder 402. A pressure roller 405 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the support shaft 404. A plurality of pressing strips 406 distributed in a ring are fixedly installed on the outer side of the pressure roller 405. Two cutting knives 407 are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the outer side of the granulation cylinder 402. The cutting knives 407 are fixedly installed in the third housing 401. One side of the cutting knife 407 is in contact with the granulation cylinder 402. A discharge hopper 409 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the third housing 401. A third support frame 411 is fixedly installed on one side of the third housing 401. A third motor 412 is fixedly installed at the top of the third support frame 411. One end of the support shaft 404 extends out of the third housing 401 and is fixedly installed with a gear 413. The two gears 413 are meshed with each other. The output shaft of the third motor 412 is fixedly connected to one of the support shafts 404.

[0032] A protective cover 416 is fixedly installed on the third housing 401. The third support frame, the third motor 412, and the gear 413 are all located inside the protective cover 416.

[0033] A blocking block 408 is arranged between the two pressure rollers 405. The blocking block 408 is used to cooperate with the two pressure rollers 405 to divide the granulation cylinder 402 into upper and lower parts.

[0034] The discharge hopper 409 penetrates through the mounting plate 102 and extends below the mounting plate 102. A plurality of fixing rods 410 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the third housing 401, and the bottom ends of the fixing rods 410 are fixedly installed on the top of the mounting plate 102.

[0035] An installation groove 415 is formed on one side of the third housing 401. One end of the first housing 202 is fixedly installed in the installation groove 415. A connection hole 414 is formed on one side of the granulation cylinder 402, and the connection hole 414 communicates with the discharge port 204.

[0036] When the compound fertilizer wet material enters the granulation cylinder 402 through the discharge port 204 and the connection hole 414, the third motor 412 is started. The third motor 412 drives two support shafts 404 to rotate through two meshing gears 413. The support shafts 404 drive two pressure rollers 405 to rotate. The pressure rollers 405 drive the pressure bar 406 to rotate. The pressure bar 406 drives the compound fertilizer wet material to be extruded between the inner wall of the granulation cylinder 402. The extruded compound fertilizer wet material is extruded from the granulation holes 403. The fourth motor 418 is started. The fourth motor 418 drives the granulation cylinder 402 to rotate through the connecting shaft. The extruded compound fertilizer wet material is cut off by the cutter 407 as the granulation cylinder 402 is extruded, so as to form compound fertilizer wet material particles and fall from the discharge hopper 409, and then transported to a dryer for drying.

[0037] The length of the compound fertilizer wet material particles can be controlled by controlling the speeds of the third motor 412 and the fourth motor 418 in the above process.

[0038] Compared with the related technology, the straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing process provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a production and processing technology for straw biochar compound fertilizer. The use of a crushing, mixing and granulating integrated machine can improve the production efficiency of straw biochar compound fertilizer. Among them, the crushing and mixing mechanism 3 composed of a connecting pipe 301, a second housing 302, a feed hopper 303, a hopper cover 304, an annular pipe 305, a nozzle 306, an arc-shaped guard plate 307, a second motor 308, a rotating shaft 309, a cutter 310, a water inlet pipe 311 and a guiding pipe 312 can crush the carbonized straw placed in the second housing 302. At the same time, the degree of crushing of the carbonized straw can be achieved by controlling the crushing time. It can also mix the chemical fertilizer entering through the feed hopper 303 and the water entering through the nozzle 306 to obtain wet straw compound fertilizer; cooperating with the plugging and weighing mechanism 5 composed of a sealing plate 501, an electronic scale 502, a screw 503, a support plate 504, a first pulley 505, a fifth motor 506, a second pulley 507 and a belt 508 can facilitate the crushing of materials and can conveniently control the ratio of materials, so as to ensure the ratio of the prepared wet straw compound fertilizer; through the moving and mixing mechanism 2 composed of a first support frame 201, a first housing 202, a feed inlet 203, a discharge outlet 204, a screw conveyor 205, a second support frame 206 and a first motor 207, the wet straw compound fertilizer can be conveniently transferred from the crushing and mixing mechanism 3 to the granulating mechanism 4, and at the same time, the wet straw compound fertilizer can be further mixed, thereby improving the material uniformity of the wet straw compound fertilizer; through the granulating mechanism composed of a third housing 401, a granulating cylinder 402, granulating holes 403, a support shaft 404, a pressure roller 405, a pressure strip 406, a cutter 407, a plugging block 408, a discharge hopper 409, a fixing rod 410, a third support frame 411, a third motor 412, a gear 413, a connecting hole 414, an installation groove 415, a protective cover 416, a connecting shaft 417 and a fourth motor 418, the wet straw compound fertilizer can be relatively conveniently prepared into particles of the required size, and at the same time, the specific size of the particles can be controlled.

[0039] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing technology, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Straw carbonization: Put the straw into a carbonization furnace at a temperature of 400-600℃ for carbonization; S2: crushing: crushing the carbonized straw; S3: Mixing: Mixing the crushed carbonized straw with chemical fertilizer, and adding an appropriate amount of water to prepare compound fertilizer wet material; S4: granulation: preparing the compound fertilizer wet material into compound fertilizer wet material granules; S5: Drying: Drying the wet compound fertilizer particles at 80-100° C. to obtain straw biochar compound fertilizer.

2. The straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above-mentioned S2-S4, a crushing, mixing and granulating integrated machine is used.

3. The straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated pulverizing, mixing and granulating machine comprises: a base frame, a mobile mixing mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the base frame, a pulverizing and mixing mechanism is fixedly installed on the top of the mobile mixing mechanism, a granulating mechanism is provided at the tail end of the mobile mixing mechanism, the granulating mechanism is fixedly installed on the base frame, and a sealing and weighing mechanism is provided on the pulverizing and mixing mechanism.

4. The straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mobile mixing mechanism includes a plurality of first support frames, a first shell is fixedly mounted on the top of the first support frame, a feed port is provided on the top of the first shell, a discharge port is provided at one end of the first shell, an auger is rotatably mounted in the first shell, a second support frame is provided on the side of the first shell away from the discharge port, a first motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the second support frame, and an output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to one end of the auger.

5. The straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pulverizing and mixing mechanism includes a connecting pipe, which is connected to the first shell through the feed port, a second shell is fixedly installed on the top of the connecting pipe, two feed hoppers are symmetrically fixedly installed on the second shell, and a hopper cover is provided on the feed hopper, a second motor is fixedly installed on the top of the second shell, a rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the second motor, the rotating shaft is located in the second shell and is rotatably connected to the second shell, a plurality of cutters are fixedly installed on the outside of the rotating shaft, a guide tube is provided on one side of the connecting pipe, and one side of the blocking and weighing mechanism extends into the guide tube.

6. The straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing process according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular tube is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the second shell, and a plurality of nozzles are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the annular tube. The nozzles extend into the second shell away from one end of the annular tube. A water inlet pipe is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the annular tube. The nozzles are inclined. An arc-shaped guard plate is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the second shell, and the nozzles are located below the arc-shaped guard plate.

7. The straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blocking weighing mechanism includes a sealing plate slidably installed in the guide tube, one side of the sealing plate contacts the inner wall of the connecting tube, and two screws are symmetrically fixedly installed on the other side of the sealing plate, and the end of the screw away from the sealing plate extends to the outside of the guide tube, and the outer thread sleeve of the screw is provided with an internal threaded tube, and a support plate is rotatably installed on the outer side of the internal threaded tube, and the bottom of the support plate is fixedly installed on the top of the first shell, and the outer fixed sleeve of the internal threaded tube is provided with a first pulley, and a fifth motor is fixedly installed on the top of the first shell, and two second pulleys are fixedly installed on the output shaft of the fifth motor, and the outer side sleeves of the second pulley and the corresponding first pulley are provided with the same belt.

8. The straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing process according to claim 7, characterized in that: An electronic scale is arranged in the sealing plate, and the electronic scale is located in the connecting pipe.

9. The straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing process according to claim 7, characterized in that: The granulation mechanism includes a third shell fixedly mounted on one side of the first shell, a granulation cylinder is rotatably mounted in the third shell, the granulation cylinder is connected to the discharge port, a plurality of granulation holes are opened on the outer wall of the granulation cylinder, two support shafts are rotatably mounted in the granulation cylinder, a pressure roller is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the support shaft, a plurality of pressure strips distributed in an annular manner are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the pressure roller, two cutters are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the outer side of the granulation cylinder, the cutters are fixedly mounted in the third shell, one side of the cutters is in contact with the granulation cylinder, a discharge hopper is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the third shell, a third support frame is fixedly mounted on one side of the third shell, a third motor is fixedly mounted on the top of the third support frame, one end of the support shaft extends to the outside of the third shell and is fixedly mounted with a gear, the two gears are meshed, and the output shaft of the third motor is fixedly connected to one of the support shafts.

10. The straw biochar compound fertilizer production and processing process according to claim 9, characterized in that: A mounting groove is provided on one side of the third shell, one end of the first shell is fixedly installed in the mounting groove, and a connecting hole is provided on one side of the granulating cylinder, and the connecting hole is communicated with the discharge port.

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