A low-voltage-driven electrochromic shape memory coaxial yarn and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory color-changing covered yarn, a preparation method and an application thereof, belonging to the technical field of covered yarns. It includes a first core layer, a second core layer and a third core layer. A lower-layer thermochromic yarn one is wound around the outer surface of a shape memory alloy filament one to form the first core layer, a lower-layer thermochromic yarn two is wound around the outer surface of a shape memory alloy filament two to form the second core layer, and a lower-layer thermochromic yarn three is wound around the outer surface of a shape memory alloy filament three to form the third core layer. An upper-layer thermochromic yarn wraps the first core layer, the second core layer and the third core layer to form a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory color-changing covered yarn. The winding directions of the lower layer and the upper layer are opposite. Based on the hollow spindle wrapping spinning method, the present invention can effectively integrate the dual functions of electrochromism and shape memory only by adjusting the feeding paths of each component yarn and the key spinning process parameters, so as to produce a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory color-changing covered yarn.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of covered yarns, and particularly to a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory color-changing covered yarn, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The development of intelligent textiles has put forward higher requirements for multifunctional fiber materials, and endowing fiber materials with multiple response characteristics has become a research hotspot. Among them, electrothermal chromic and shape memory materials have attracted much attention due to their unique functional characteristics. However, it is difficult to effectively integrate the two functions in the prior art. In terms of shape memory materials, they are mainly divided into shape memory alloys (SMA) and shape memory polymers (SMP) at present. SMA fibers have excellent shape memory functions, but they are rigid and have poor skin tactile comfort, making it difficult to meet the requirements of future textiles for softness and wearing comfort. SMP fibers have common technical problems such as high response temperature and slow shape memory recovery speed. In terms of electrochromic materials, the introduction of multi-color electrochromic fiber materials can endow spinning yarns with the function of changing color from static to dynamic, enriching the types of textile yarns.

[0003] In terms of material compounding, the prior art mostly uses coating or blending methods to combine functional materials with textile fibers, which easily leads to problems such as uneven distribution of functional materials, weak interfacial bonding force, and poor durability. Some researchers have tried to prepare functional composite fibers by electrospinning, wet spinning, etc., which have a series of problems such as complex preparation processes, high processing costs, and difficulty in large-scale production. In contrast, the hollow spindle wrapping spinning technology has its unique advantages in the aspect of yarn structure re-design, which can ensure good interfacial bonding between functional materials and matrix fibers, while maintaining the softness and processability of the yarn. In addition, this technology has mature processes and is easy to produce on a large scale, providing reliable technical support for the development of multifunctional composite yarns.

[0004] At present, existing electrochromic and shape memory textiles are mostly limited to single functions and cannot achieve effective integration of multiple functions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory color-changing covered yarn, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Based on the hollow spindle wrapping spinning means, the electrochromic and shape memory functions can be effectively integrated, so as to produce a low-voltage driven electrochromic shape memory color-changing covered yarn.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn, which includes a first core layer, a second core layer, and a third core layer. The lower layer of thermochromic yarn one is wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament one to form the first core layer. The lower layer of thermochromic yarn two is wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament two to form the second core layer. The lower layer of thermochromic yarn three is wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament three to form the third core layer. The upper layer of thermochromic yarn covers the first core layer, the second core layer, and the third core layer to form the low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn.

[0007] A preparation method of a low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn includes the following steps:

[0008] S1: After the shape memory alloy filament one, the shape memory alloy filament two, and the shape memory alloy filament three are respectively fed through the tension disks one, two, and three to regulate the feeding tension, they are respectively synchronously fed into the lower layer of hollow spindle center tubes one, two, and three arranged in parallel on a hollow spindle wrapping spinning machine;

[0009] S2: The lower layer of thermochromic yarn one wound on the lower layer of hollow spindle one is unwound as the lower layer of hollow spindle one rotates, and is helically wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament one at the lower layer of yarn guide hook one to form the first core layer; The lower layer of thermochromic yarn two wound on the lower layer of hollow spindle two is unwound as the lower layer of hollow spindle two rotates, and is helically wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament two at the lower layer of yarn guide hook two to form the second core layer; The lower layer of thermochromic yarn three wound on the lower layer of hollow spindle three is unwound as the lower layer of hollow spindle three rotates, and is helically wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament three at the lower layer of yarn guide hook three to form the third core layer;

[0010] S3: The three groups of juxtaposed first core layer, second core layer, and third core layer are respectively synchronously fed into the upper layer of hollow spindle center tube along the paths of right oblique, vertical, and left oblique. The upper layer of thermochromic yarn wound on the upper layer of hollow spindle is unwound, so that the upper layer of thermochromic yarn is wrapped around the outer surfaces of the first core layer, the second core layer, and the third core layer at the position of the upper layer of yarn guide hook to form the low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn;

[0011] S4: Through the yarn guiding roller and the winding roller, the low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn is wound onto the yarn bobbin.

[0012] Preferably, the lower layer of hollow spindle two and the upper layer of hollow spindle are on the same vertical line, and the upper layer of hollow spindle, the yarn guiding roller, the winding roller, and the yarn bobbin are on the same vertical line.

[0013] Preferably, the winding directions of the first lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn, the second lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn, and the third lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn are the same, and the winding direction of the upper-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is opposite to the winding directions of the first lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn, the second lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn, and the third lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn.

[0014] Preferably, the cross-section of the low-voltage-driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn is circular.

[0015] Preferably, the first shape memory alloy filament, the second shape memory alloy filament, and the third shape memory alloy filament are all single-trip shape memory alloy filaments, and all are made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

[0016] Preferably, the first lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn, the second lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn, the third lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn, and the upper-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn are all coating-type temperature-sensitive color-changing yarns.

[0017] Preferably, the color-changing response thresholds of the first lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn, the second lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn, the third lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn, and the upper-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn are 30°C - 65°C.

[0018] Preferably, the first lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn, the second lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn, and the third lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn have the same specifications.

[0019] The low-voltage-driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn is applied in intelligent drive textiles and information encryption and anti-counterfeiting.

[0020] The advantages and positive effects of the low-voltage-driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. The present invention does not require complex modification of the existing hollow spindle wrapping spinning machine. Only a tension disk for adjusting the feeding tension of the shape memory alloy filament needs to be installed to ensure that the shape memory alloy filament is always located at the center of the juxtaposed core layer. The present invention can realize the controllable preparation of the low-voltage-driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn, and can trigger the low-voltage-driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn to produce a dual-response behavior of synchronous shape and color change through a lower external voltage.

[0022] 2. By introducing multiple single-trip shape memory alloy filaments, the present invention realizes a thermal drive recovery response at a lower voltage. In addition, by covering the temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn outside the shape memory alloy filament, the present invention can take into account both the temperature-sensitive color-changing effect and tactile comfort.

[0023] 3. The present invention adopts the hollow spindle wrapping spinning method, which has the advantages of unique spinning process, low processing energy consumption, convenient and practical production, etc., and can be mass-produced industrially.

[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the spinning process principle of a low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covering yarn of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covering yarn of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the evolution mechanism of the cross-section of the covering yarn of the present invention from the theoretical structure to the actual structure.

[0028] Reference Signs

[0029] 1. Shape memory alloy filament I; 2. Shape memory alloy filament II; 3. Shape memory alloy filament III; 4. Tension disc I; 5. Tension disc II; 6. Tension disc III; 7. Lower layer hollow spindle center tube I; 8. Lower layer hollow spindle center tube II; 9. Lower layer hollow spindle center tube III; 10. Upper layer hollow spindle center tube; 11. Lower layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn I; 12. Lower layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn II; 13. Lower layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn III; 14. Upper layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn; 15. Yarn guiding roller; 16. Winding roller; 17. Low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covering yarn; 18. Yarn bobbin; 19. Lower layer hollow spindle I; 20. Lower layer hollow spindle II; 21. Lower layer hollow spindle III; 22. Lower layer yarn guide hook I; 23. Lower layer yarn guide hook II; 24. Lower layer yarn guide hook III; 25. Upper layer yarn guide hook; 26. Upper layer hollow spindle. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "set", "installed", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] In this application, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs. In case of any inconsistency, the meaning described in this specification or the meaning derived from the content recorded in this specification shall prevail. In addition, the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. In order to accurately describe the technical content in this application and to accurately understand the present invention, the following explanations or definitions of the terms used in this specification are given before describing the specific embodiments:

[0032] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown, a low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn includes a first core layer, a second core layer, and a third core layer. The lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn 11 is wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 1 to form the first core layer. The lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn 12 is wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 2 to form the second core layer. The lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn 13 is wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 3 to form the third core layer. The upper-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn 14 wraps the first core layer, the second core layer, and the third core layer to form the low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn 17.

[0034] A method for preparing a low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn includes the following steps:

[0035] S1: After the shape memory alloy filaments 1, 2, and 3 are respectively fed through the tension disks 4, 5, and 6 to regulate the feeding tension, they are synchronously fed into the lower-layer hollow spindle center tubes 7, 8, and 9 arranged in parallel on a hollow spindle wrapping spinning machine.

[0036] S2: The lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn 11 wound on the lower-layer hollow spindle 19 is unwound as the lower-layer hollow spindle 19 rotates, and is helically wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 1 at the lower-layer yarn guide hook 22 to form the first core layer.

[0037] The lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn 12 wound on the lower-layer hollow spindle 20 is unwound as the lower-layer hollow spindle 20 rotates, and is helically wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament 2 at the lower-layer yarn guide hook 23 to form the second core layer.

[0038] The lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three 13 wound around the lower-layer hollow spindle three 21 is unwound as the lower-layer hollow spindle three 21 rotates, and is helically wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament three 3 at the lower-layer yarn guide hook three 24 to form the core layer three.

[0039] S3: Feed the three groups of juxtaposed core layer one, core layer two, and core layer three into the central tube 10 of the upper-layer hollow spindle synchronously along the paths of right slope, vertical, and left slope respectively. Unwind the upper-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 wound around the upper-layer hollow spindle 26, so that the upper-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 is wrapped around the outer surfaces of the core layer one, core layer two, and core layer three at the position of the upper-layer yarn guide hook 25 to form the low-voltage-driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn 17.

[0040] S4: Wind the low-voltage-driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn 17 onto the yarn bobbin 18 through the yarn guiding roller 15 and the take-up roller 16.

[0041] The lower-layer hollow spindle two 20 and the upper-layer hollow spindle 26 are located on the same vertical line, and the upper-layer hollow spindle 26, the yarn guiding roller 15, the take-up roller 16, and the yarn bobbin 18 are located on the same vertical line.

[0042] The winding directions of the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one 11, the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two 12, and the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three 13 are the same. The winding direction of the upper-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 is opposite to the winding directions of the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one 11, the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two 12, and the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three 13.

[0043] Specifically, the core layer one, the core layer two, and the core layer three are juxtaposed in a theoretical state, so that the cross-section of the low-voltage-driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn 17 is in a racetrack shape. In the actual state, the core layer one, the core layer two, and the core layer three are in a tightly stacked state, so that the cross-section of the low-voltage-driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn 17 in the actual state is circular.

[0044] The shape memory alloy filament one 1, the shape memory alloy filament two 2, and the shape memory alloy filament three 3 are all single-pass shape memory alloy filaments, and all adopt nickel-titanium shape memory alloys.

[0045] Specifically, the alloy crystal phase structure of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy will transform between martensite and austenite with the change of temperature, and its phase transition temperature is about 25°C.

[0046] The lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one 11, the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two 12, the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three 13, and the upper-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 all adopt coating-type temperature-sensitive color-changing yarns.

[0047] Specifically, the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 11, the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 12, the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 13, and the upper-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 are all obtained by performing processes such as applying color-changing ink coating to the yarns sold on the market.

[0048] The color-changing response thresholds of the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 11, the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 12, the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 13, and the upper-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 are 30°C - 65°C.

[0049] Specifically, the color-changing response thresholds of the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 11, the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 12, the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 13, and the upper-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 14 are one of 31°C, 35°C, 38°C, 40°C, 45°C, and 65°C.

[0050] The lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 11, the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 12, and the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 13 are all prepared by the dipping method. The preparation method includes:

[0051] S21. Perform surface cleaning treatment on the base yarn to remove grease, impurities, etc. attached to the surface of the base yarn to improve the adhesion of the temperature-sensitive color-changing ink; dry it and set it aside for later use.

[0052] S22. Immerse the treated base yarn in the temperature-sensitive color-changing ink for 0.5 min - 5 min. The temperature-sensitive color-changing ink is a commercially available product as needed, and the color-changing response threshold of the temperature-sensitive color-changing ink is 30°C - 65°C.

[0053] S23. Extrude the immersed yarn through an extrusion roller to remove the excess temperature-sensitive color-changing ink, and the ink content on the base yarn is 10% - 40%.

[0054] S24. Put the immersed base yarn into an oven for drying. The drying temperature is 60°C, and the drying time is 3 min - 8 min to fix the temperature-sensitive color-changing ink on the surface of the yarn.

[0055] The lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 1 (11), the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2 (12), and the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3 (13) are made of the same material and have the same linear density of the base yarn. The linear density of the base yarn material is 5s - 60s in English count, and the base yarn is cotton yarn, linen yarn, or viscose yarn.

[0056] The upper-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is also prepared by the same preparation method as the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn. The lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn is a general term for the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 1, the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 2, and the lower-layer temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn 3.

[0057] The color change thresholds of the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn one (11), the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn two (12), the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn three (13) and the upper-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn can be the same or different. When the set thresholds are the same, after being electrically heated to the threshold temperature, all the yarns change color synchronously, and the covered yarn as a whole presents a uniform solid color effect. When thermosensitive color-changing yarns with different color change thresholds are selected for the covered yarn, after being electrically heated, the thermosensitive color-changing yarns change color in stages according to their respective thresholds, and the covered yarn as a whole presents a progressive color mixing visual effect.

[0058] Specifically, the low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn is applied in the fields of intelligent drive textiles such as artificial muscles and information encryption and anti-counterfeiting.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] As Figures 1-3 shown, the low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn is spun according to the preparation method described above. In this example, the shape memory alloy is a nickel-titanium alloy, the diameter of the shape memory alloy filament is 150 mm, and the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy is 25 °C. The base yarn of the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn is cotton yarn, the thermosensitive color-changing ink is commercially available WBB31, the color change temperature is 31 °C, and it changes from purple to red after exceeding the color change temperature. The ink content of the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn is 15%. The covering twist direction of the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn is Z twist. The upper-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn is the same as the upper-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn, the color change temperature is 31 °C, and it changes from purple to red after exceeding the color change temperature. The covering twist direction of the upper-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn is S twist. The covering twist degrees of the core layer one, the core layer two and the core layer three are all 1000 T / m, and the covering twist degree of the upper-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn is 500 T / m. The spindle speed is 7250 r / min. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] As Figures 1-3As shown, a low-voltage-driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn is spun according to the preparation method described above. In this embodiment, the shape memory alloy is a nickel-titanium alloy. The diameter of the shape memory alloy filament is 250 μm, and the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy is 25 °C. The base yarn of the lower layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is linen yarn, and the thermo-sensitive color-changing ink is commercially available WBB31 with a color-changing temperature of 31 °C. After exceeding the color-changing temperature, it changes from purple to red. The ink content of the lower layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is 15%. The covering twist direction of the lower layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is Z twist. The base yarn of the upper layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is linen yarn, and the thermo-sensitive color-changing ink is commercially available WBB45 with a color-changing temperature of 45 °C. After exceeding the color-changing temperature, it changes from red to yellow. The ink content of the upper layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is 20%. The covering twist direction of the upper layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is S twist. The covering twist of core layer one, core layer two, and core layer three is all 1200 T / m, and the covering twist of the upper layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is 650 T / m. The spindle speed is 9000 r / min. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] As Figures 1-3 shown, a low-voltage-driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn is spun according to the preparation method described above. In this embodiment, the shape memory alloy is a nickel-titanium alloy. The diameter of the shape memory alloy filament is 50 μm, and the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy is 25 °C. The base yarn of the lower layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is linen yarn, and the thermo-sensitive color-changing ink is commercially available WBB45 with a color-changing temperature of 45 °C. After exceeding the color-changing temperature, it changes from red to yellow. The ink content of the lower layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is 20%. The covering twist direction of the lower layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is S twist. The base yarn of the upper layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is cotton yarn, and the thermo-sensitive color-changing ink is commercially available WBB38 with a color-changing temperature of 38 °C. After exceeding the color-changing temperature, it changes from black to blue. The ink content of the upper layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is 40%. The covering twist direction of the upper layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is Z twist. The covering twist of core layer one, core layer two, and core layer three is all 850 T / m, and the covering twist of the upper layer thermo-sensitive color-changing yarn is 1150 T / m. The spindle speed is 7500 r / min. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] As Figures 1-3As shown, a low-voltage-driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn is spun according to the preparation method described above. In this embodiment, the shape memory alloy is a nickel-titanium alloy. The diameter of the shape memory alloy filament is 500 mm, and the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy is 25 °C. The base yarn of the lower layer thermo-responsive color-changing yarn is linen yarn, and the thermo-responsive color-changing ink is commercially available WBB65 with a color-changing temperature of 65 °C. After exceeding the color-changing temperature, it changes from blue to pink. The ink content of the lower layer thermo-responsive color-changing yarn is 15%. The covering twist direction of the lower layer thermo-responsive color-changing yarn is Z twist. The base yarn of the upper layer thermo-responsive color-changing yarn is linen yarn, and the thermo-responsive color-changing ink is commercially available WBB65 with a color-changing temperature of 65 °C. After exceeding the color-changing temperature, it changes from blue to pink. The ink content of the upper layer thermo-responsive color-changing yarn is 15%. The covering twist direction of the upper layer thermo-responsive color-changing yarn is S twist. The covering twist of the core layer one, core layer two, and core layer three is 750 T / m, and the covering twist of the upper layer thermo-responsive color-changing yarn is 1000 T / m. The spindle speed is 6500 r / min. The specific process parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0067] Table 1 Process parameters and results of Examples 1-4

[0068] ;

[0069] As can be seen from Table 1, the shape memory color-changing covered yarns prepared in Examples 1-4 can achieve synchronous changes in color change and deformation under a voltage of 1.5 V - 4.0 V, that is, color change and deformation can be achieved under a relatively low voltage. The voltage applied to the deformation and color change of the covered yarn is related to the thickness of the shape memory alloy wire and the color-changing temperature of the thermo-responsive color-changing yarn. A thinner shape memory alloy wire can deform under a lower voltage and is beneficial to promoting the color change of the thermo-responsive color-changing yarn.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions of the present invention or make equivalent replacements, and these modifications or equivalent replacements do not make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation method of a low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn, characterized in that: The low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn includes a first core layer, a second core layer and a third core layer. The lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one (11) is wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament one (1) to form the first core layer. The lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two (12) is wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament two (2) to form the second core layer. The lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three (13) is wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament three (3) to form the third core layer. The upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn (14) wraps the first core layer, the second core layer and the third core layer to form the low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn (17); The preparation method of the low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn includes the following steps: S1: After the shape memory alloy filament one (1), the shape memory alloy filament two (2) and the shape memory alloy filament three (3) are respectively regulated for the feeding tension through the tension disc one (4), the tension disc two (5) and the tension disc three (6), they are respectively fed synchronously into the lower hollow spindle center tube one (7), the lower hollow spindle center tube two (8) and the lower hollow spindle center tube three (9) arranged in parallel on the hollow spindle wrapping spinning machine; S2: The lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one (11) wound on the lower hollow spindle one (19) is unwound as the lower hollow spindle one (19) rotates, and is helically wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament one (1) at the lower yarn guide hook one (22) to form the first core layer; the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two (12) wound on the lower hollow spindle two (20) is unwound as the lower hollow spindle two (20) rotates, and is helically wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament two (2) at the lower yarn guide hook two (23) to form the second core layer; the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three (13) wound on the lower hollow spindle three (21) is unwound as the lower hollow spindle three (21) rotates, and is helically wound around the outer surface of the shape memory alloy filament three (3) at the lower yarn guide hook three (24) to form the third core layer; S3: The three groups of juxtaposed first core layer, second core layer and third core layer are respectively fed synchronously into the upper hollow spindle center tube (10) along the paths of right oblique, vertical and left oblique. The upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn (14) wound on the upper hollow spindle (26) is unwound, so that the upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn (14) wraps around the outer surfaces of the first core layer, the second core layer and the third core layer at the position of the upper yarn guide hook (25) to form the low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn (17); S4: Through the yarn guiding roller (15) and the winding roller (16), the low-voltage driven electro-responsive shape memory color-changing covered yarn (17) is wound onto the yarn bobbin (18); The winding directions of the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one (11), the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two (12) and the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three (13) are the same, and the winding direction of the upper temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn (14) is opposite to the winding directions of the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn one (11), the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn two (12) and the lower temperature-sensitive color-changing yarn three (13); The cross-section of the low-voltage-driven electrochromic shape-memory coated yarn (17) is circular; The shape-memory alloy filament one (1), the shape-memory alloy filament two (2), and the shape-memory alloy filament three (3) are all single-trip shape-memory alloy filaments, and all are made of nickel-titanium shape-memory alloy.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower-layer hollow spindle two (20) and the upper-layer hollow spindle (26) are on the same vertical line, and the upper-layer hollow spindle (26), the yarn guiding roller (15), the winding roller (16), and the yarn bobbin (18) are on the same vertical line.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn one (11), the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn two (12), the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn three (13), and the upper-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn (14) are all coated thermosensitive color-changing yarns.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The color-changing response thresholds of the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn one (11), the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn two (12), the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn three (13), and the upper-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn (14) are 30°C - 65°C.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn one (11), the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn two (12), and the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn three (13) are all prepared by the dipping method. The preparation method includes: S21. Perform surface cleaning treatment on the base yarn to remove the grease and impurities attached to the surface of the base yarn; dry it for later use; S22. Immerse the treated base yarn in the thermosensitive color-changing ink for 0.5 min - 5 min; S23. Extrude the immersed yarn through an extrusion roller to remove the excess thermosensitive color-changing ink, and the ink content on the base yarn is 10% - 40%; S24. Put the immersed base yarn into an oven for drying, the drying temperature is 60°C, and the drying time is 3 min - 8 min; The lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn one (11), the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn two (12), and the lower-layer thermosensitive color-changing yarn three (13) use base yarns with the same material and linear density. The linear density of the base yarn material is 5s - 60s in English count, and the base yarn is cotton yarn, hemp yarn, or viscose yarn; The color-changing response threshold of the thermosensitive color-changing ink is 30°C - 65°C.

6. Application of a low-voltage-driven electrochromic shape-memory coated yarn as described in claim 1 in the fields of intelligent drive textiles and information encryption and anti-counterfeiting.

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