Magnesium and light metal hot working inert gas replacement method and variable ceiling structure
By adopting a variable ceiling structure and an inert gas working chamber in thermal processing of magnesium and light metals, the problem of low gas replacement efficiency in traditional technology is solved, faster and more efficient gas replacement is achieved, and the effect of protecting magnesium materials is significantly improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510313994.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-27
AI Technical Summary
In traditional magnesium and light metal thermal processing, the gas replacement efficiency is low, mainly due to the gas interface blending and convection, which leads to a slow replacement speed and cannot effectively protect magnesium materials.
The variable ceiling structure is heat-processed by magnesium and light metals, including an inert gas working chamber and a variable ceiling system. The horizontal and flip-flop inclination are achieved through the combination of multi-piece structures of the variable ceiling and the lifting wire rope, which improves the replacement speed, and air supply replacement is achieved through the static pressure box and diffusion plate.
The gas replacement rate is significantly improved, the replacement time is shortened, from about 4 hours to 30 minutes, and the protection effect of magnesium materials is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN120042386A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hot processing of magnesium and light metals, and specifically to an inert gas replacement method for hot processing of magnesium and light metals and a variable ceiling structure. Background Art
[0002] The thermoplasticity of magnesium metal requires hot processing and casting. After melting, the geometric shape is changed through a physical process. The smelting method, powder metallurgy method, spray deposition method, vapor deposition method, and chemical deposition method for preparing magnesium alloy materials all require high-temperature processes. Therefore, the heating method is an important processing method in the current production and thermoplastic processing of magnesium materials. Although the furnace body is thermally insulated, it is impossible to achieve absolute thermal isolation without limit, and the physical structure itself will deform during the heating process. Therefore, considering industrial mass production, it is necessary to consider the reaction between magnesium and gas under accidental thermal action conditions. Under air conditions, magnesium reacts with oxygen in the air during the heating process and also reacts with nitrogen in the air during the melting stage. Moreover, the reaction releases a large amount of heat, causing the reaction to continue to develop. For the reaction with air, the current technology is to use inert gas protection, typically argon and sulfur hexafluoride, among which sulfur hexafluoride is the most widely used. Argon protection is still in the research and some experimental stages. However, the greenhouse gas effect of sulfur hexafluoride is more than 20,000 times that of carbon dioxide, and its large-scale application poses a great environmental hazard.
[0003] Therefore, the research on the argon protection method is the focus and hotspot of the current industry development. The hot processing of magnesium and similar light metals is carried out in a fixed space, including special electric furnaces and processing workshops. It is relatively simple to replace the air in the furnace because most of the space in the furnace mainly stores magnesium materials, and direct gas replacement is economical and efficient. However, for processes involving 3D printing and vapor deposition, argon gas needs to be used as the protective gas in the entire space. It is difficult to achieve gas replacement in a large space with a fixed volume. Currently, the commonly used methods include evacuation method, pressure difference method, diffusion method, and chemical method. However, the density of nitrogen is relatively close to that of air. Nitrogen: Under standard conditions of 0°C and 1 atm, the density of nitrogen is about 1.251 g / L, and under normal temperature and pressure, the density is about 1.25 kg / m 3 , Argon: Under standard conditions of 0°C and 1 atm, the density of argon is about 1.784 kg / m 3, at 21.1 °C, the gas density is 1.650 kg / m³. In a constant-volume space, displacement ventilation and lower-ventilation technologies are commonly used for gas replacement. Among them, displacement ventilation emphasizes the formation of a low-airflow-speed "piston" - like form, while lower-ventilation mainly uses a gas with a relatively large density to be sent from the lower part of the space at a relatively fast speed by the dilution method. The displacement ventilation has the best effect, and the gas loss is much less than that of lower-ventilation. However, the disadvantage is that the replacement speed is slow. According to the technical requirements, the air supply speed should be less than 0.15 m / s. In a production workshop with a conventional net height of 4.5 meters, it takes 4 - 5 hours to achieve an argon concentration greater than 97% at the top and greater than 99% at the working surface. For lower-ventilation, due to air mixing, the actual effect is even worse and the time is longer. The main reason is that even though the displacement ventilation uses an airspeed less than 0.15 m / s, there is still mixing between different airflows. The mixed gas is further mixed due to convection at the interface. Although the air can reach a height of 4.5 meters in half a minute, the time period for truly achieving near-complete replacement is very long. Summary of the Invention
[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a variable ceiling structure for the hot processing of magnesium and light metals, which solves the problems of mixing and convection at the gas interface in traditional gas replacement and the low replacement efficiency caused by mass transfer and energy transfer in traditional technologies.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A variable ceiling structure for the hot processing of magnesium and light metals, comprising: an inert gas working chamber, inside which hot processing equipment is placed; a first electric valve is arranged inside the inert gas working chamber; a pipeline is arranged at the rear end of the first electric valve; a second electric valve is arranged on the outer surface of the pipeline; a one-way valve is arranged at the rear end of the pipeline; a bottom air supply static pressure box is arranged at the bottom of the inert gas working chamber, and lower-ventilation argon is conveyed by the bottom air supply static pressure box; a limit block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inert gas working chamber; a travel switch is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inert gas working chamber; a differential pressure gauge between the working chamber and the external atmosphere is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inert gas working chamber;
[0006] A variable ceiling, which includes a variable ceiling wire rope lifting motor, an argon flexible metal hose, an argon electric control valve, an argon pressure sensor, an argon static pressure box, a flap wire rope motor, a wire fixing point, a flap, a flap lifting wire rope, a ceiling lifting wire rope, a first nitrogen sensor, a first oxygen sensor, a first argon sensor, a flap rotating shaft, a distance measurement, a warning and lighting integrated composite lamp, an air supply diffuser plate, a spring push box, and a convex rubber block;
[0007] Exhaust system, the exhaust system includes an exhaust duct, an electrically adjustable airtight damper, a one-way damper, a second argon sensor, a second nitrogen sensor, a first oxygen sensor, a gas flow sensor and a variable-frequency fan.
[0008] Preferably: the upper surface of the argon static pressure box is fixedly connected to the flap wire rope motor, the front end of the flap wire rope motor is connected to the flap through the flap lifting wire rope, and a variable ceiling upper and lower differential pressure sensor is provided at the upper end of the variable ceiling.
[0009] Preferably: the lower surface of the flap is fixedly connected to the first nitrogen sensor, the lower surface of the flap is fixedly connected to the first oxygen sensor, and the lower surface of the flap is fixedly connected to the first argon sensor.
[0010] Preferably: the upper surface of the argon static pressure box is fixedly connected to the wire fixing point, and the upper surface of the wire fixing point is connected to the variable ceiling wire rope lifting motor through the ceiling lifting wire rope.
[0011] Preferably: the upper surface of the argon static pressure box is fixedly connected to the argon electric control valve, the upper end of the argon electric control valve is fixedly connected to the argon flexible metal hose, and the upper surface of the argon electric control valve is fixedly connected to the argon pressure sensor.
[0012] Preferably: the side surface of the argon static pressure box is fixedly connected to the flap rotating shaft, the flap rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the flap, the lower surface of the argon static pressure box is fixedly connected to a combined ranging, warning and lighting lamp, the lower surface of the argon static pressure box is fixedly connected to the air supply diffuser plate, the lower surface of the argon static pressure box is fixedly connected to the spring pushing box, and the side surface of the spring pushing box is fixedly connected to a convex rubber block.
[0013] Preferably: the lower end of the variable-frequency fan is fixedly connected to the intake pipe, the outer surface of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the electrically adjustable airtight damper, the outer surface of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the one-way damper, the outer surface of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the second argon sensor, the outer surface of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the second nitrogen sensor, the outer surface of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the second oxygen sensor, and the outer surface of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the gas flow sensor.
[0014] Inert gas replacement method for hot processing of magnesium and light metals, based on the variable ceiling structure for hot processing of magnesium and light metals described in any one of the above, includes the following steps: composed of a fixed structure and a variable area part, the variable ceiling can achieve an empty space in the process equipment area, and other areas can be lowered from the top to the bottom. The variable ceiling is composed of multiple structures and can achieve horizontal and flap inclination through hoisting steel wires to improve the replacement speed. The variable ceiling has a static pressure box and a diffuser plate to achieve air supply replacement. A variable frequency fan is installed at the top of the inert gas working chamber, which can make the top of the variable ceiling and the top of the inert gas working chamber in a negative pressure state, facilitating the replacement of the bottom gas. According to a 4.5-meter-high space, with the ceiling rising 20 cm per minute, theoretically it takes 23 minutes for a 4.5-meter height. Considering the operation start-up and subsequent replacement, it can be completed in 30 minutes.
[0015] The present invention provides an inert gas replacement method and a variable ceiling structure for hot processing of magnesium and light metals. It has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] For the inert gas replacement method and variable ceiling structure for hot processing of magnesium and light metals, the ceiling is composed of multiple structures and can achieve horizontal and flap inclination through hoisting steel wires to improve the replacement speed. The ceiling has a static pressure box and a diffuser plate to achieve air supply replacement. A variable frequency exhaust fan is installed at the top of the working chamber, which can make the top of the variable ceiling and the top of the working chamber in a negative pressure state, facilitating the replacement of the bottom gas. By means of the variable ceiling, a nearly "rigid" gas interface is achieved, improving the gas replacement rate, that is, the rising speed of the ceiling is the replacement time. According to a 4.5-meter-high space, with the ceiling rising 20 cm per minute, theoretically it takes 23 minutes for a 4.5-meter height. Considering the operation start-up and subsequent replacement, it can be completed in 30 minutes, which is significantly improved compared with about 4 hours in the prior art. This solution can be applied to the lower air supply structure with a static pressure box and can also be used for the structure without a lower static pressure box. Moreover, the variable ceiling can separate the replaced gas and the gas to be replaced and has the function of transporting the replacement gas. The variable ceiling of this method is not only variable in height but also variable in structure. It can adjust the flap size according to the size of the process equipment for matching. The proposed flap structure not only realizes the cooperation with the process equipment, but also the flap spacing plays a role in the relative positive pressure of the lower inert gas to the upper air during gas replacement. Further, at the production stage, it can be opened at a certain angle to facilitate the heat diffusion of argon and the exhaust function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the variable ceiling structure of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the exhaust system structure of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the non-air supply variable ceiling of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic structural diagram of the non-air supply variable ceiling II of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the air supply variable ceiling I of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the air supply variable ceiling II of the present invention.
[0024] Among them, 1. Inert gas working cabin; 2. Hot processing process equipment; 3. Bottom air supply static pressure box; 4. Downward air supply argon; 5. Variable ceiling; 5-1. Variable ceiling wire rope lifting motor; 5-2. Argon flexible metal hose; 5-3. Argon electric control valve; 5-4. Argon pressure sensor; 5-5. Argon static pressure box; 5-6. Flap wire rope motor; 5-7. Wire fixed point; 5-8. Flap; 5-9. Flap lifting wire rope; 5-10. Ceiling lifting wire rope; 5-11. First nitrogen sensor; 5-12. First oxygen sensor; 5-13. First argon sensor; 5-14. Flap rotating shaft; 5-15. Distance measurement, warning and lighting integrated composite lamp; 5-16. Air supply diffusion plate; 5-17. Spring top push box; 5-18. Convex rubber block; 6. Limit block; 7. Exhaust system; 7-1. Exhaust pipe; 7-2. Electrically adjustable airtight damper; 7-3. Check valve; 7-4. Second argon sensor; 7-5. Second nitrogen sensor; 7-6. Second oxygen sensor; 7-7. Gas flow sensor; 7-8. Variable frequency fan; 8. Variable ceiling upper and lower differential pressure sensor; 9. Travel switch; 10. Differential pressure gauge between the working cabin and the external atmosphere; 11. First electric valve; 12. Second electric valve; 13. Check valve. Specific embodiments
[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0026] Embodiment 1
[0027] As Figure 1-7As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for replacing inert gas in the hot processing of magnesium and light metals and a variable ceiling structure, including an inert gas working chamber 1. Inside the inert gas working chamber 1, there is a hot processing equipment 2 placed. Inside the inert gas working chamber 1, there is a first electric valve 11 arranged. At the rear end of the first electric valve 11, there is a pipeline. On the outer surface of the pipeline, there is a second electric valve 12 arranged. At the rear end of the pipeline, there is a one-way valve 13 arranged. At the bottom of the inert gas working chamber 1, there is a bottom air supply static pressure box 3. The bottom air supply static pressure box 3 conveys downward air supply argon 4. The inner wall of the inert gas working chamber 1 is fixedly connected with a limit block 6. The inner wall of the inert gas working chamber 1 is fixedly connected with a travel switch 9. At the upper end of the inert gas working chamber 1, there is a working chamber and external atmosphere differential pressure gauge 10 fixedly connected.
[0028] A variable ceiling 5, the variable ceiling 5 includes a variable ceiling wire rope lifting motor 5-1, an argon flexible metal hose 5-2, an argon electric control valve 5-3, an argon pressure sensor 5-4, an argon static pressure box 5-5, a flap wire rope motor 5-6, a wire fixing point 5-7, a flap 5-8, a flap lifting wire rope 5-9, a ceiling lifting wire rope 5-10, a first nitrogen sensor 5-11, a first oxygen sensor 5-12, a first argon sensor 5-13, a flap rotating shaft 5-14, a distance measurement, warning and lighting integrated composite lamp 5-15, an air supply diffusion plate 5-16, a spring push box 5-17 and a convex rubber block 5-18. The upper surface of the argon static pressure box 5-5 is fixedly connected with the flap wire rope motor 5-6. The front end of the flap wire rope motor 5-6 is connected with the flap 5-8 through the flap lifting wire rope 5-9. The lower surface of the flap 5-8 is fixedly connected with the first nitrogen sensor 5-11. The lower surface of the flap 5-8 is fixedly connected with the first oxygen sensor 5-12. The lower surface of the flap 5-8 is fixedly connected with the first argon sensor 5-13.
[0029] The upper surface of the argon static pressure box 5-5 is fixedly connected with the wire fixing point 5-7. The upper surface of the wire fixing point 5-7 is connected with the variable ceiling wire rope lifting motor 5-1 through the ceiling lifting wire rope 5-10. The upper surface of the argon static pressure box 5-5 is fixedly connected with the argon electric control valve 5-3. The upper end of the argon electric control valve 5-3 is fixedly connected with the argon flexible metal hose 5-2. The upper surface of the argon electric control valve 5-3 is fixedly connected with the argon pressure sensor 5-4. The side surface of the argon static pressure box 5-5 is fixedly connected with the flap rotating shaft 5-14. The flap rotating shaft 5-14 is rotationally connected with the flap 5-8. The lower surface of the argon static pressure box 5-5 is fixedly connected with the distance measurement, warning and lighting integrated composite lamp 5-15. The lower surface of the argon static pressure box 5-5 is fixedly connected with the air supply diffusion plate 5-16. The lower surface of the argon static pressure box 5-5 is fixedly connected with the spring push box 5-17. The side surface of the spring push box 5-17 is fixedly connected with the convex rubber block 5-18.
[0030] Exhaust system 7, the exhaust system 7 includes an exhaust duct 7-1, an electrically adjustable airtight damper 7-2, a one-way damper 7-3, a second argon sensor 7-4, a second nitrogen sensor 7-5, a first oxygen sensor 7-6, a gas flow sensor 7-7 and a variable-frequency fan 7-8.
[0031] Embodiment 2
[0032] As Figure 1-7 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for replacing inert gas in the hot processing of magnesium and light metals and a variable ceiling structure, including an inert gas working chamber 1, a hot processing equipment 2 is placed inside the inert gas working chamber 1, a first electric valve 11 is arranged inside the inert gas working chamber 1, a pipeline is arranged at the rear end of the first electric valve 11, a second electric valve 12 is arranged on the outer surface of the pipeline, a one-way valve 13 is arranged at the rear end of the pipeline, a bottom air supply static pressure box 3 is arranged at the bottom of the inert gas working chamber 1, a downward air supply argon 4 is transported by the bottom air supply static pressure box 3, a limiting block 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inert gas working chamber 1, a travel switch 9 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inert gas working chamber 1, and a working chamber and external atmosphere differential pressure gauge 10 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inert gas working chamber 1.
[0033] Variable ceiling 5, the variable ceiling 5 includes a variable ceiling wire rope lifting motor 5-1, an argon flexible metal hose 5-2, an argon electric control valve 5-3, an argon pressure sensor 5-4, an argon static pressure box 5-5, a flap wire rope motor 5-6, a wire fixing point 5-7, a flap 5-8, a flap lifting wire rope 5-9, a ceiling lifting wire rope 5-10, a first nitrogen sensor 5-11, a first oxygen sensor 5-12, a first argon sensor 5-13, a flap rotating shaft 5-14, a distance measuring, warning and lighting integrated composite lamp 5-15, an air supply diffuser plate 5-16, a spring pushing box 5-17 and a convex rubber block 5-18, and a variable ceiling upper and lower differential pressure sensor 8 is arranged at the upper end of the variable ceiling 5.
[0034] Exhaust system 7, the exhaust system 7 includes an exhaust duct 7-1, an electrically adjustable airtight damper 7-2, a one-way damper 7-3, a second argon sensor 7-4, a second nitrogen sensor 7-5, a first oxygen sensor 7-6, a gas flow sensor 7-7 and a variable-frequency fan 7-8. The lower end of the variable-frequency fan 7-8 is fixedly connected to an intake pipe, and the outer surface of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the electrically adjustable airtight damper 7-2, the outer surface of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the one-way damper 7-3, the outer surface of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the second argon sensor 7-4, the outer surface of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the second nitrogen sensor 7-5, the outer surface of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the second oxygen sensor 7-6, and the outer surface of the intake pipe is fixedly connected to the gas flow sensor 7-7
[0035] Inert gas replacement method for hot processing of magnesium and light metals, based on any variable ceiling structure for hot processing of magnesium and light metals, includes the following steps: composed of a fixed structure and a variable area part, the variable ceiling 5 can leave the process equipment area empty, and other areas can be lowered from the top to the bottom. The variable ceiling 5 is composed of multiple pieces of structure and can achieve horizontal and tilting angles of the flap 5-8 through hoisting steel wires to improve the replacement speed. The variable ceiling 5 has a static pressure box and a diffuser plate to achieve air supply replacement. A variable-frequency fan 7-8 is installed at the top of the inert gas working chamber 1, so that the top of the variable ceiling 5 and the top of the inert gas working chamber 1 are in a negative pressure state, which is beneficial to the replacement of the bottom gas. According to a 4.5m-high space, with the ceiling rising 20cm per minute, theoretically it takes 23 minutes for a 4.5-meter height. Considering the operation start-up and subsequent replacement, the replacement can be completed in 30 minutes.
[0036] Working principle: Design the dimensions of the fixed part and the flap 5-8 of the variable ceiling 5 according to the hot processing equipment 2 in the inert gas working chamber 1. After the hot processing equipment 2 in the inert gas working chamber 1 is in place and ready, close the airtight door and start the variable ceiling 5. After the variable ceiling 5 starts to slide down, the travel switch 9 is released, feeding back the ceiling descent, and simultaneously turn on the integrated ranging, warning, and lighting composite lamp 5-15. Judge the descent height of the variable ceiling 5 through ranging and the variable ceiling wire rope lifting motor 5-1 until it descends to the bottom of the inert gas working chamber 1. After reaching the bottom, the spring push box 5-17 pushes the convex rubber block 5-18 to closely fit the wall panel of the working chamber, ensuring the sealing between the ceiling and the wall panel during the rising process. The spring inside the spring push box 5-17 can dynamically adjust the rubber block to adapt to the local deformation of the wall panel structure, ensuring dynamic sealing at the interface. The integrated ranging, warning, and lighting composite lamp 5-15 is equipped with infrared and microwave detectors, which will issue an alarm when detecting people and organisms below and link the motor to stop descending.
[0037] Turn on the exhaust system 7 and turn on the argon gas supply of the variable ceiling 5. If there is underfloor air supply at the bottom of the working chamber, it can also be turned on simultaneously. After turning on, the variable ceiling 5 starts to rise slowly. The specific way to turn on the argon gas is to turn on the argon gas electric control valve 5-3. The argon gas enters the argon static pressure box 5-5 and is sent into the lower space in a uniform air supply manner through the air supply diffuser plate 5-16. When the argon gas pressure sensor 5-4 monitors that the pressure drops to the set value, it links the variable ceiling 5 to stop moving and links the flap wire rope motor 5-6 to release the flap 5-8 to ensure a relatively airtight argon gas environment below. The rising speed is controlled by the motor rotation according to the output value of the variable ceiling differential pressure sensor 8 between the upper and lower parts, ensuring that the pressure below the ceiling is positive relative to the upper part of the ceiling, that is, the lower part is filled with argon gas, and the argon gas diffuses upward through the flap part.
[0038] The exhaust system 7 controls the rotation of the fan according to the output value of the differential pressure gauge 10 between the working cabin and the external atmosphere, and adjusts the exhaust air volume in cooperation with the electric air valve to ensure that the upper part of the ceiling presents a relative positive pressure with respect to the outside, preventing the infiltration of outdoor air. During the ascending process, the integrated ranging, warning and lighting composite lamp 5-15 compares the working parameters of the infrared and ultrasonic ranging with the variable ceiling wire rope lifting motor 5-1 in real time to correct the movement speed and lifting position of the variable ceiling.
[0039] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. Magnesium and light metal hot processing variable ceiling structure, characterized in that: include: An inert gas working chamber (1), wherein a heat processing device (2) is placed inside the inert gas working chamber (1), a first electric valve (11) is arranged inside the inert gas working chamber (1), a pipeline is arranged at the rear end of the first electric valve (11), a second electric valve (12) is arranged on the outer surface of the pipeline, a one-way valve (13) is arranged at the rear end of the pipeline, a bottom air supply static pressure box (3) is arranged at the bottom of the inert gas working chamber (1), the bottom air supply static pressure box (3) conveys downward air supply argon gas (4), a limit block (6) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inert gas working chamber (1), a travel switch (9) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inert gas working chamber (1), and a working chamber and external atmospheric pressure differential gauge (10) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inert gas working chamber (1); A variable ceiling (5), the variable ceiling (5) comprising a variable ceiling wire rope lifting motor (5-1), an argon flexible metal hose (5-2), an argon electric control valve (5-3), an argon pressure sensor (5-4), an argon static pressure box (5-5), a flap wire rope motor (5-6), a steel wire fixing point (5-7), a flap (5-8), a flap lifting wire rope (5-9), a ceiling lifting wire rope (5-10), a first nitrogen sensor (5-11), a first oxygen sensor (5-12), a first argon sensor (5-13), a flap rotating shaft (5-14), a distance measurement, warning and lighting integrated composite lamp (5-15), an air supply diffusion plate (5-16), a spring push box (5-17) and a convex rubber block (5-18); An exhaust system (7), the exhaust system (7) comprising an exhaust pipe (7-1), an electrically adjustable airtight air valve (7-2), a one-way air valve (7-3), a second argon sensor (7-4), a second nitrogen sensor (7-5), a first oxygen sensor (7-6), a gas flow sensor (7-7) and a variable frequency fan (7-8).
2. The magnesium and light metal hot processing variable ceiling structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The upper surface of the argon static pressure box (5-5) is fixedly connected to the flap wire rope motor (5-6), the front end of the flap wire rope motor (5-6) is connected to the flap (5-8) via the flap lifting wire rope (5-9), and the upper end of the variable ceiling (5) is provided with a variable ceiling upper and lower pressure difference sensor (8).
3. The magnesium and light metal hot processing variable ceiling structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lower surface of the flap (5-8) is fixedly connected to the first nitrogen sensor (5-11), the lower surface of the flap (5-8) is fixedly connected to the first oxygen sensor (5-12), and the lower surface of the flap (5-8) is fixedly connected to the first argon sensor (5-13).
4. The magnesium and light metal hot processing variable ceiling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the argon static pressure box (5-5) is fixedly connected to the steel wire fixing point (5-7), and the upper surface of the steel wire fixing point (5-7) is connected to the variable ceiling steel wire rope lifting motor (5-1) via the ceiling lifting steel wire rope (5-10).
5. The magnesium and light metal hot processing variable ceiling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the argon static pressure box (5-5) is fixedly connected to the argon electric control valve (5-3), the upper end of the argon electric control valve (5-3) is fixedly connected to the argon flexible metal hose (5-2), and the upper surface of the argon electric control valve (5-3) is fixedly connected to the argon pressure sensor (5-4).
6. The magnesium and light metal hot processing variable ceiling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side surface of the argon static pressure box (5-5) is fixedly connected to the flap rotating shaft (5-14), the flap rotating shaft (5-14) is rotatably connected to the flap (5-8), the lower surface of the argon static pressure box (5-5) is fixedly connected to the distance measurement, warning and lighting integrated composite lamp (5-15), the lower surface of the argon static pressure box (5-5) is fixedly connected to the air supply diffusion plate (5-16), the lower surface of the argon static pressure box (5-5) is fixedly connected to the spring push box (5-17), and the side surface of the spring push box (5-17) is fixedly connected to the convex rubber block (5-18).
7. The magnesium and light metal hot processing variable ceiling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the variable frequency fan (7-8) is fixedly connected to the air intake pipe, the outer surface of the air intake pipe is fixedly connected to the electrically adjustable airtight air valve (7-2), the outer surface of the air intake pipe is fixedly connected to the one-way air valve (7-3), the outer surface of the air intake pipe is fixedly connected to the second argon sensor (7-4), the outer surface of the air intake pipe is fixedly connected to the second nitrogen sensor (7-5), the outer surface of the air intake pipe is fixedly connected to the second oxygen sensor (7-6), and the outer surface of the air intake pipe is fixedly connected to the gas flow sensor (7-7).
8. A method for replacing inert gas during hot working of magnesium and light metals, based on the variable ceiling structure for hot working of magnesium and light metals according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Composed of a fixed structure and a variable area part, the variable ceiling (5) can leave the process equipment area empty, and other areas can be lowered from the top to the bottom. The variable ceiling (5) is composed of a plurality of structure pieces, and can be horizontal and tilted by lifting wire ropes to increase the replacement speed. The variable ceiling (5) has a static pressure box and a diffusion plate, which can realize air supply replacement. The top of the inert gas working chamber (1) is provided with a variable frequency fan (7-8), which can realize that the top of the variable ceiling (5) and the top of the inert gas working chamber (1) are in a negative pressure state, which is conducive to the bottom gas replacement. According to the 4.5m high space, the ceiling rises 20cm per minute. Theoretically, it takes 23 minutes to reach a height of 4.5 meters. Considering the operation start-up and the rear replacement, the replacement can be completed in 30 minutes.