A power amplifier output impedance anomaly detection method and system

Abstract

This application discloses a method and system for detecting abnormal output impedance of a power amplifier, relating to the field of output impedance abnormality detection technology. This application utilizes sliding window technology to track and analyze the changing trends of power amplifier operating parameters in real time, enabling timely detection of threshold range adjustment needs and generating corresponding instructions (including range expansion and range contraction instructions). This provides a foundation for realizing dynamic abnormality detection of power amplifiers. By calculating the standard deviations of load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency, and based on the results of the standard deviations, the abnormality detection threshold range can be precisely adjusted to ensure detection accuracy. Each time the sliding window slides, the system updates the abnormality range, ensuring that the abnormality detection threshold can respond in real time to dynamic changes in parameters. This adaptive mechanism is suitable for various working scenarios, especially for equipment with high dynamic performance requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of output impedance anomaly detection technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for detecting output impedance anomalies in a power amplifier. Background Technology

[0002] An amplifier's output impedance refers to the amplifier's output's "response" or "resistance" to the external load impedance. Ideally, the amplifier's output impedance should be as low as possible to maximize power transfer to the load. Every practical amplifier has a certain output impedance, typically determined by the amplifier's design and internal circuitry (e.g., the characteristics of power transistors, feedback networks, etc.). The output impedance of a power amplifier affects the frequency characteristics of the output signal, especially the impedance variation at different frequencies. Abnormal output impedance can lead to signal distortion or irregular fluctuations in the frequency spectrum. Therefore, detecting abnormalities in the power amplifier's output impedance is essential.

[0003] The output impedance of a power amplifier fluctuates dynamically during operation due to changes in load and environment. However, existing detection methods are usually based on static detection (such as static testing based on a network analyzer or time-domain reflectometry). The limitations of static detection methods make them insufficient in capturing dynamic changes and unable to accurately detect abnormal output impedance of the power amplifier.

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, a method for detecting abnormal output impedance of a power amplifier is provided. Summary of the Invention

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a method for detecting abnormal output impedance of a power amplifier is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Collects the amplifier's operating and electrical parameters by communicating with the power amplifier and the various sensors mounted on the amplifier; specific operating information includes load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency, while electrical parameters include voltage and current.

[0007] S2: Set the sliding window and sliding duration. Perform sliding analysis on the operating parameters of the power amplifier according to the sliding duration to obtain the floating amplitude, and compare it with the set floating range. If the floating amplitude is greater than the upper limit of the set floating range, generate a range expansion command and send it to S3; if the floating amplitude is less than the lower limit of the set floating range, generate a range contraction command; otherwise, no adjustment is required, the reference range is directly used as the abnormal range, and the output impedance of the current power amplifier is detected as abnormal based on the abnormal range.

[0008] S3: Based on the received range expansion and range contraction instructions, dynamically respond to the abnormal threshold interval to generate the latest abnormal interval [Z1new, Z2new], and send it to S4;

[0009] S4: Based on the latest abnormal range, perform anomaly detection and analysis on the output impedance of the power amplifier to determine whether an anomaly exists. Specifically:

[0010] The electrical parameters corresponding to each acquisition moment of the sliding window, specifically voltage and current, are denoted as Vj and Ij; where j=1,2,3……J, J takes the value of a positive integer, J represents the total number of acquisition moments within the sliding window, and j represents any one of the acquisition moments;

[0011] Using Ohm's Law The output impedance Aj at each acquisition time is obtained and compared with the corresponding latest abnormal interval [Z1new, Z2new]. If the output impedance Aj∈[Z1new, Z2new], the output impedance at that acquisition time is normal; if the output impedance Aj∉[Z1new, Z2new], the output impedance at that acquisition time is abnormal and is marked.

[0012] S5: Repeat steps S1-S4 above to achieve dynamic anomaly detection of the power amplifier output impedance.

[0013] Optionally, the method for performing sliding analysis on the operating parameters of the power amplifier based on the sliding duration is as follows:

[0014] 2-1: Construct a two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with time as the horizontal axis and load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency as the vertical axes respectively. Input the load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency into the coordinate axes according to their corresponding acquisition times, and record the positions of the load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency in the coordinate system as load points, temperature points, and frequency points respectively. Connect each load point, temperature point, and frequency point in sequence with a smooth curve to obtain the load impedance change curve, temperature change curve, and operating frequency change curve respectively.

[0015] 2-2 Analyze the trend changes of the load impedance change curve, temperature change curve, and operating frequency change curve to extract the change parameters, including the load impedance change value, temperature change value, and operating frequency change value.

[0016] 2-3: Change in load impedance Temperature change value and operating frequency variation value The floating amplitude is obtained through formulaic calculation and analysis. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0017]

[0018] Where β1, β2, and β3 are set proportional constants;

[0019] 2-4: Set each power amplifier to correspond to a reference range denoted as [Z1, Z2], where Z1 represents the lower limit of the reference range and Z2 represents the upper limit of the reference range.

[0020] Optionally, the method for analyzing curve trend changes is as follows:

[0021] 3-1: Extract the curve and draw tangent lines to the curve at each point. Calculate the slope of each tangent line using data fitting. Record slopes greater than zero as increasing trends, slopes less than zero as decreasing trends, and slopes equal to zero as stable trends, denoted as Gj. Count the number of increasing trends, decreasing trends, and stable trends, and record them as Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively.

[0022] 3-2: Compare and analyze each increasing trend with the set increasing interval to obtain the increase value. Similarly, compare and analyze each decreasing trend with the set decreasing interval to obtain the decrease value.

[0023] 3-3: The slope Gj, the number of stable trends Q3, and the increase value... , decrease value Normalize the values ​​and take their values, then perform formulaic calculations to obtain the curve's change value. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0024]

[0025] Where λ1, λ2, and λ3 are set proportional constants, the values ​​of which can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs, and i = F, T, or P; when i = F, This represents the load impedance change value corresponding to the load impedance change curve; when i=T, This represents the temperature change value corresponding to the temperature change curve; when i=P, This represents the change in operating frequency corresponding to the curve of operating frequency variation.

[0026] Optionally, the method of comparing and analyzing each growth trend with a set growth interval is as follows:

[0027] If the upward trend is greater than the upper limit of the set upward range, a high jump increase is accumulated; if the upward trend is within the set upward range, a medium jump increase is accumulated; if the upward trend is less than the lower limit of the set upward range, a low jump increase is accumulated. The accumulated numbers of high jump increases, medium jump increases, and low jump increases are counted separately and recorded as D1, D2, and D3 respectively. The total increase is calculated by summing the increases of each upward trend and recorded as D4. It should be noted that D1 + D2 + D3 = Q1.

[0028] Normalize D1, D2, D3, and D4 and take their values. Then, perform formulaic calculations and analysis on these values ​​to obtain the increase value. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] α1, α2, and α3 are set proportional constants, and α1 > α2 > α3 > 1; their specific values ​​are set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0031] Optionally, the latest anomaly interval [Z1new, Z2new] is generated as follows:

[0032] 5-1: The standard deviation of the load impedance is calculated by using the standard deviation formula to obtain the load impedance Fj at each acquisition time within the sliding window. The specific standard deviation formula is: ,in This represents the average load impedance at each acquisition time.

[0033] 5-2: Calculate the standard deviation of the temperature Tj at each acquisition time within the sliding window using the standard deviation formula. The specific standard deviation formula is: ,in The average temperature at each data collection time;

[0034] 5-3: The standard deviation of the operating frequency is calculated by using the standard deviation formula to obtain the load impedance Pj at each acquisition time within the sliding window. The specific standard deviation formula is: ,in This represents the average operating frequency at each data acquisition time.

[0035] 5-4: When a range expansion instruction is received, the baseline interval is expanded to obtain the latest abnormal interval;

[0036] 5-5: When a range reduction instruction is received, the baseline interval is reduced to obtain the latest abnormal interval.

[0037] Optionally, the method for expanding the reference interval is as follows:

[0038] Define the upper limit Z2, lower limit Z1, and standard deviation of the load impedance within the reference range. Standard deviation of temperature and the standard deviation of the operating frequency After normalization and numerical analysis, the latest outlier interval [Z1new, Z2new] is obtained by formulaic calculation and analysis. The specific calculation formula is as follows: η1, η2, and η3 are set proportional constants, and k1 is a set constant representing the degree of amplification of the threshold range for the excess portion.

[0039] Optionally, the reference interval can be narrowed as follows:

[0040] Define the upper limit Z2, lower limit Z1, and standard deviation of the load impedance within the reference range. Standard deviation of temperature and the standard deviation of the operating frequency After normalization and numerical analysis, the latest outlier interval [Z1new, Z2new] is obtained by formulaic calculation and analysis. The specific calculation formula is as follows: , where k2 is a set constant that represents the degree to which the threshold range is reduced below the lower limit.

[0041] According to one aspect of this application, a power amplifier output impedance anomaly detection system is provided, the system comprising: a data acquisition module, a sliding analysis module, and an anomaly detection module;

[0042] The data acquisition module communicates with the power amplifier and the various sensors mounted on the amplifier to acquire the amplifier's operating and electrical parameters; specific operating information includes load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency, while electrical parameters include voltage and current.

[0043] The sliding analysis module performs sliding analysis on the power amplifier's operating parameters according to the sliding window and sliding duration to obtain the floating amplitude. It then compares the floating amplitude with the set floating range. If the floating amplitude is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the set floating range, a range expansion command is generated and sent to S3. If the floating amplitude is less than the lower limit of the set floating range, a range contraction command is generated. Otherwise, no adjustment is required, and the reference range is directly used as the abnormal range. Based on the abnormal range, the output impedance of the current power amplifier is detected for anomalies.

[0044] The anomaly detection module dynamically responds to the anomaly threshold range based on the received range expansion and range contraction instructions to generate the latest anomaly range [Z1new, Z2new], and performs anomaly detection analysis on the output impedance of the power amplifier to determine whether there is an anomaly.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0046] (1) This application uses sliding window technology to track and analyze the changing trend of power amplifier operating parameters in real time, which can promptly detect the threshold range adjustment needs of the power amplifier and generate corresponding instructions (including range expansion instructions and range reduction instructions); realize the real-time tracking of dynamic changes of parameters, which is suitable for power amplifiers, which have high requirements for dynamic performance, and provides a basis for realizing dynamic anomaly detection of power amplifiers;

[0047] (2) This application calculates the standard deviation of load impedance, temperature and operating frequency, and based on the result of the standard deviation, it can accurately adjust the abnormal detection threshold range to ensure the accuracy of detection. Specifically, when a range expansion command is received, the system dynamically expands the reference range according to the fluctuation of load impedance, temperature and operating frequency to avoid frequent abnormal alarms due to excessive fluctuations. Conversely, when a range reduction command is received, the system reduces the reference range to improve detection sensitivity and ensure that small abnormal changes can be captured. Each time the sliding window is slid, the system updates the abnormal range to ensure that the abnormal detection threshold can respond to the dynamic changes of parameters in real time. This adaptive mechanism is suitable for various working scenarios, especially for equipment with high dynamic performance requirements.

[0048] (3) This application calculates the output impedance in real time using Ohm's law and compares the calculation result with the latest abnormal range; if the output impedance exceeds the abnormal range, it is marked as abnormal; the real-time detection mechanism can quickly identify the abnormality of the output impedance and ensure the safe operation of the power amplifier; it can effectively avoid false alarms or missed alarms caused by fluctuations in load impedance, temperature and operating frequency, and the dynamically adjusted abnormal range can adapt to various operating conditions of the power amplifier and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the detection. Attached Figure Description

[0049] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0050] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a system connection block diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0053] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0054] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides a method for detecting abnormal output impedance of a power amplifier, which includes the following steps:

[0056] S1: This system communicates with the power amplifier and its sensors to collect operating and electrical parameters. Specific operating information includes load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency; electrical parameters include voltage and current. It's important to note that load impedance refers to the electrical impedance characteristics of the load device or circuit, which is closely related to the output impedance of the power amplifier. Changes in load impedance affect the amplifier's output impedance. For example, when the load impedance decreases (e.g., due to a short-circuit load or unstable equipment), the power amplifier's output impedance may increase, leading to signal distortion or reduced efficiency. Conversely, when the load impedance increases, the output impedance may decrease. Operating frequency refers to the frequency range of the power amplifier's input signal. At high frequencies, internal circuit components of the amplifier (such as the parasitic capacitance and inductance of transistors) affect the output impedance. As the frequency increases, the influence of these parasitic components becomes more pronounced, leading to fluctuations and distortion in the output impedance.

[0057] S2: Based on the power amplifier's operating information, determine the need to adjust its anomaly detection threshold to ascertain whether adjustment is required; specifically:

[0058] A fixed duration is used as a sliding window, which contains several data acquisition moments. Engineers typically set the fixed duration of the sliding window to 10 minutes or 15 minutes, and the specific value can be adjusted by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. The operating parameters for each acquisition moment within the sliding window are retrieved. These parameters include load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency, and are denoted as Fj, Tj, and Pj, respectively, where j = 1, 2, 3…J, where J is a positive integer. J represents the total number of acquisition moments within the sliding window, and j represents any one of those acquisition moments. As time progresses, the window slides once every fixed duration (the fixed duration here is adjusted by those skilled in the art according to actual needs; engineers typically set it to slide once every minute). Each time the window slides, the earliest data point is discarded and a new data point is added. For example, if the fixed duration of the sliding window is 3 minutes, it slides once every 3 minutes, discarding the earliest three minutes of data and adding the latest three minutes of data.

[0059] A two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is constructed with time as the x-axis and load impedance Fj, temperature Tj, and operating frequency Pj as the y-axis. Load impedance Fj, temperature Tj, and operating frequency Pj are input into the coordinate axes according to their corresponding acquisition times. The positions of load impedance Fj, temperature Tj, and operating frequency Pj in the coordinate system are recorded as load points, temperature points, and frequency points, respectively. Smooth curves are used to connect each load point, temperature point, and frequency point sequentially to obtain load impedance change curves, temperature change curves, and operating frequency change curves. The curve trend changes are then analyzed to extract the changing parameters, including the changes in load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency. The specific method for analyzing the curve trend changes is as follows:

[0060] Extract the curves (specifically, the load impedance change curve, temperature change curve, and operating frequency change curve). Draw tangent lines to the curves at each point. Calculate the slope of each tangent line using data fitting, and denot it as Gj. Denote slopes greater than zero as increasing trends, slopes less than zero as decreasing trends, and slopes equal to zero as stable trends. Count the number of increasing trends, decreasing trends, and stable trends, and denote them as Q1, Q2, and Q3, respectively.

[0061] Each increasing trend is compared and analyzed with a set increasing interval. If the increasing trend is greater than the upper limit of the set increasing interval, it indicates that the curve increases more significantly at this point, the fluctuation is more obvious, and the impact on the output impedance is greater. A high jump increase is then accumulated. If the increasing trend is within the set increasing interval, a medium jump increase is accumulated. If the increasing trend is less than the lower limit of the set increasing interval, a low jump increase is accumulated. The cumulative quantities of high, medium, and low jump increases are counted and denoted as D1, D2, and D3, respectively. It should be noted that D1 + D2 + D3 = Q1. The total increase is calculated by summing the increasing trends and denoted as D4. D1, D2, D3, and D4 are normalized, and their values ​​are used for formulaic calculation and analysis to obtain the increase value. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Where α1, α2, and α3 are set proportional constants, and α1 > α2 > α3 > 1; their specific values ​​are set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs; as can be seen from the formula, the greater the increase of the curve, the greater the degree of fluctuation, and the greater the increase value.

[0064] Each downward trend is compared and analyzed with a set downward range. If the absolute value of the downward trend is greater than the upper limit of the set downward range, it indicates that the curve decreases more significantly at this point, the fluctuation is more obvious, and the impact on the output impedance is greater. A high-jump descent is then recorded. If the absolute value of the downward trend is within the set downward range, a medium-jump descent is recorded. If the absolute value of the downward trend is less than the lower limit of the set downward range, a low-jump descent is recorded. The cumulative number of high-jump, medium-jump, and low-jump descents is counted and denoted as H1, H2, and H3, respectively. It should be noted that H1 + H2 + H3 = Q2. The total reduction is calculated by summing the values ​​of each downward trend and taking the absolute value, denoted as H4. H1, H2, H3, and H4 are normalized, and their values ​​are used for formulaic calculation and analysis to obtain the reduction value. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] α4, α5, and α6 are set proportional constants, and α4 > α5 > α6 > 1. Their specific values ​​are set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. As can be seen from the formula, the greater the decrease of the curve, the greater the degree of its fluctuation, and the greater the decrease value.

[0067] The slope Gj, the number of stable trends Q3, and the increase value are used. , decrease value Normalize the values ​​and take their values, then perform formulaic calculations to obtain the curve's change value. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] Wherein λ1, λ2, and λ3 are set proportional constants, the values ​​of which can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. Specifically, λ1 can be 1.482, λ2 can be 1.091, and λ3 can be 1.017. As can be seen from the formula, the greater the slope fluctuation of the curve, the greater the change in the curve; the greater the increase or decrease of the curve, the greater the change in the curve.

[0070] The load impedance variation curve, temperature variation curve, and operating frequency variation curve are analyzed sequentially to extract the changing parameters. Where i = F, T, or P; when i = F, This represents the load impedance change value corresponding to the load impedance change curve; when i=T, This represents the temperature change value corresponding to the temperature change curve; when i=P, This represents the change in operating frequency corresponding to the curve of operating frequency variation.

[0071] Change in load impedance Temperature change value and operating frequency variation value The floating amplitude is obtained through formulaic calculation and analysis. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0072]

[0073] Where β1, β2, and β3 are set proportional constants; as can be seen from the formula, when the load impedance changes by a certain value... Temperature change value and operating frequency variation value The larger the value, the greater the impact on the output impedance of the power amplifier, making the measured output impedance unusable for anomaly detection; thus, the larger the fluctuation amplitude.

[0074] Each power amplifier is assigned a reference range denoted as [Z1, Z2], where Z1 represents the lower reference limit and Z2 represents the upper reference limit. It should be noted that the upper and lower reference limits are initial values ​​determined based on the output impedance range under normal operating conditions.

[0075] The floating amplitude of the sliding window is compared and analyzed with the set floating range. If the floating amplitude is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the set floating range, it indicates that the output impedance of the power amplifier will be affected by changes in load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency. In this case, a range expansion command is generated and sent to S3. If the floating amplitude is less than the lower limit of the set floating range, it indicates that the load impedance, temperature, or frequency of the power amplifier is relatively stable (i.e., the fluctuation is small). It is necessary to narrow the tolerance range of output impedance fluctuation and improve the detection sensitivity. In this case, a range reduction command is generated. Otherwise, it indicates that the interference on the output impedance is within the normal range and there is no need to narrow or expand it. In this case, no adjustment is required. The reference range is directly used as the abnormal range, and the output impedance of the current power amplifier is detected abnormally based on the abnormal range.

[0076] By using sliding window technology to track and analyze the changing trends of power amplifier operating parameters in real time, it is possible to promptly detect the threshold range adjustment needs of the power amplifier and generate corresponding instructions (including range expansion instructions and range reduction instructions). This enables real-time tracking of dynamic parameter changes and is suitable for devices such as power amplifiers that have high requirements for dynamic performance, providing a foundation for dynamic anomaly detection in power amplifiers.

[0077] S3: Based on the received range expansion and range contraction commands, dynamically respond to the abnormal threshold range to ensure more sensitive and accurate detection of abnormal power amplifier output impedance; specifically:

[0078] The standard deviation of the load impedance is calculated by using the standard deviation formula for the load impedance Fj at each acquisition time within the sliding window. The specific standard deviation formula is: ,in This represents the average load impedance at each acquisition time.

[0079] The standard deviation of the temperature Tj at each acquisition time within the sliding window is calculated using the standard deviation formula. The specific standard deviation formula is: ,in The average temperature at each data collection time;

[0080] The standard deviation of the operating frequency is calculated by using the standard deviation formula to obtain the load impedance Pj at each acquisition time within the sliding window. The specific standard deviation formula is: ,in This represents the average operating frequency at each data acquisition time.

[0081] When a range expansion command is received, the upper limit Z2, lower limit Z1, and standard deviation of the load impedance of the reference range are adjusted. Standard deviation of temperature and the standard deviation of the operating frequency After normalization and numerical analysis, the latest outlier interval [Z1new, Z2new] is obtained by formulaic calculation and analysis. The specific calculation formula is as follows: η1, η2, and η3 are set proportional constants, and k1 is a set constant representing the degree of amplification of the threshold range for the excess portion. Its value can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. As can be seen from the calculation process of the latest abnormal interval [Z1new, Z2new] of the range expansion instruction, when the fluctuation amplitude is large (in the fluctuation state), the base interval is expanded, and the system will tolerate appropriate fluctuations to avoid frequent triggering of abnormal alarms.

[0082] When a range narrowing instruction is received, the upper limit Z2, lower limit Z1, and standard deviation of the load impedance of the reference range are set. Standard deviation of temperature and the standard deviation of the operating frequency After normalization and numerical analysis, the latest outlier interval [Z1new, Z2new] is obtained by formulaic calculation and analysis. The specific calculation formula is as follows: Where k2 is a set constant, representing the degree of reduction of the threshold range below the lower limit, and its value can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs; as can be seen from the calculation process of the latest abnormal interval [Z1new, Z2new] of the range reduction instruction, when the fluctuation amplitude is very small (in a stable state), the reference interval is reduced, and the system is more sensitive to the detection of output impedance, and can detect small abnormal changes; as can be seen from the above sliding window setting, each time it slides, the data of the sliding window is updated once, and the abnormal interval is updated once, so each sliding window corresponds to an abnormal interval;

[0083] By calculating the standard deviations of load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency, and based on the results, the anomaly detection threshold range can be precisely adjusted to ensure detection accuracy. Specifically, when a range expansion command is received, the system dynamically expands the baseline range according to the fluctuations in load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency to avoid frequent anomaly alarms due to excessive fluctuations. Conversely, when a range contraction command is received, the system contracts the baseline range to improve detection sensitivity and ensure that small anomaly changes can be captured. Each time the sliding window is slid, the system updates the anomaly range to ensure that the anomaly detection threshold can respond to dynamic changes in parameters in real time. This adaptive mechanism is suitable for various working scenarios, especially for equipment with high dynamic performance requirements.

[0084] S4: Based on the latest abnormal range, perform anomaly detection analysis on the output impedance of the power amplifier to determine whether there is an anomaly. Specifically:

[0085] The electrical parameters at each acquisition time corresponding to the sliding window, specifically voltage and current, are denoted as Vj and Ij, respectively; Ohm's theorem is then applied... The output impedance at each acquisition time is obtained and compared with the corresponding latest abnormal interval [Z1new, Z2new]. If the output impedance Aj∈[Z1new, Z2new], it indicates that the output impedance at that acquisition time is normal; otherwise, the output impedance Aj... When [Z1new, Z2new] is selected, it indicates that the output impedance is abnormal at that acquisition time, and it is marked accordingly;

[0086] S5: Repeat steps S1-S4 above to achieve dynamic anomaly detection of the power amplifier output impedance;

[0087] The output impedance is calculated in real time using Ohm's law, and the calculation result is compared with the latest abnormal range. If the output impedance exceeds the abnormal range, it is marked as abnormal. The real-time detection mechanism can quickly identify abnormal output impedance and ensure the safe operation of the power amplifier. It can effectively avoid false alarms or missed alarms caused by fluctuations in load impedance, temperature and operating frequency. The dynamically adjusted abnormal range can adapt to various operating conditions of the power amplifier and ensure the accuracy and reliability of detection.

[0088] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment also provides a power amplifier output impedance abnormality detection system, which includes: a data acquisition module, a sliding analysis module, and an abnormality detection module;

[0089] The data acquisition module communicates with the power amplifier and the various sensors mounted on the amplifier to acquire the amplifier's operating and electrical parameters; specific operating information includes load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency, while electrical parameters include voltage and current.

[0090] The sliding analysis module performs sliding analysis on the power amplifier's operating parameters according to the sliding window and sliding duration to obtain the floating amplitude. It then compares the floating amplitude with the set floating range. If the floating amplitude is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the set floating range, a range expansion command is generated and sent to S3. If the floating amplitude is less than the lower limit of the set floating range, a range contraction command is generated. Otherwise, no adjustment is required, and the reference range is directly used as the abnormal range. Based on the abnormal range, the output impedance of the current power amplifier is detected for anomalies.

[0091] The anomaly detection module dynamically responds to the anomaly threshold range based on the received range expansion and range contraction instructions to generate the latest anomaly range [Z1new, Z2new], and performs anomaly detection analysis on the output impedance of the power amplifier to determine whether there is an anomaly.

[0092] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0093] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting abnormal output impedance of a power amplifier, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Collects the amplifier's operating and electrical parameters by communicating with the power amplifier and the various sensors mounted on the amplifier; specific operating information includes load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency, while electrical parameters include voltage and current. S2: Set the sliding window and sliding duration. Perform sliding analysis on the operating parameters of the power amplifier according to the sliding duration to obtain the floating amplitude, and compare it with the set floating range. If the floating amplitude is greater than the upper limit of the set floating range, generate a range expansion command and send it to S3; if the floating amplitude is less than the lower limit of the set floating range, generate a range contraction command; otherwise, no adjustment is required, the reference range is directly used as the abnormal range, and the output impedance of the current power amplifier is detected as abnormal based on the abnormal range. S3: Based on the received range expansion and range reduction instructions, calculate the standard deviation of load impedance, temperature and operating frequency, and based on the results of the standard deviation, precisely adjust the anomaly detection threshold range, generate the latest anomaly range [Z1new, Z2new], and send it to S4; S4: Based on the latest abnormal range, perform anomaly detection and analysis on the output impedance of the power amplifier to determine whether an anomaly exists. Specifically: The electrical parameters corresponding to each acquisition moment of the sliding window, specifically voltage and current, are denoted as Vj and Ij; where j=1,2,3……J, J takes the value of a positive integer, J represents the total number of acquisition moments within the sliding window, and j represents any one of the acquisition moments; Using Ohm's Law The output impedance Aj at each acquisition time is obtained and compared with the corresponding latest abnormal interval [Z1new, Z2new]. If the output impedance Aj∈[Z1new, Z2new], the output impedance at that acquisition time is normal; if the output impedance Aj∉[Z1new, Z2new], the output impedance at that acquisition time is abnormal and is marked. S5: Repeat steps S1-S4 above to achieve dynamic anomaly detection of the power amplifier output impedance.

2. The method for detecting abnormal output impedance of a power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for performing sliding analysis on the operating parameters of a power amplifier based on the sliding duration is as follows: 2-1: Construct a two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system with time as the horizontal axis and load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency as the vertical axes respectively. Input the load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency into the coordinate axes according to their corresponding acquisition times, and record the positions of the load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency in the coordinate system as load points, temperature points, and frequency points respectively. Connect each load point, temperature point, and frequency point in sequence with a smooth curve to obtain the load impedance change curve, temperature change curve, and operating frequency change curve respectively. 2-2 Analyze the trend changes of the load impedance change curve, temperature change curve, and operating frequency change curve to extract the change parameters, including the load impedance change value, temperature change value, and operating frequency change value. 2-3: The floating amplitude is obtained by formulaic calculation and analysis of the load impedance change, temperature change, and operating frequency change; 2-4: Set each power amplifier to correspond to a reference range denoted as [Z1, Z2], where Z1 represents the lower limit of the reference range and Z2 represents the upper limit of the reference range.

3. The method for detecting abnormal output impedance of a power amplifier according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method for analyzing curve trend changes is as follows: 3-1: Extract the curve and draw tangent lines to the curve at each point. Use data fitting to calculate the slope of each tangent line. Slopes greater than zero are recorded as increasing trends, slopes less than zero are recorded as decreasing trends, and slopes equal to zero are recorded as stable trends. Count the number of increasing trends, decreasing trends, and stable trends separately; 3-2: Compare and analyze each increasing trend with the set increasing interval to obtain the increase value. Similarly, compare and analyze each decreasing trend with the set decreasing interval to obtain the decrease value. 3-3: Normalize the slope, the number of stable trends, the increase value, and the decrease value, and take their values. Then, use a formula to calculate the change value of the curve. Where i = F, T, or P; when i = F, This represents the load impedance change value corresponding to the load impedance change curve; when i=T, This represents the temperature change value corresponding to the temperature change curve; When i=P This represents the change in operating frequency corresponding to the curve of operating frequency variation.

4. The method for detecting abnormal output impedance of a power amplifier according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for comparing and analyzing each growth trend with the set growth interval is as follows: If the upward trend is greater than the upper limit of the set upward range, then a high jump increase is accumulated; if the upward trend is within the set upward range, then a medium jump increase is accumulated; if the upward trend is less than the lower limit of the set upward range, then a low jump increase is accumulated; the accumulated number of high jump increases, medium jump increases and low jump increases are counted separately. The total increase is obtained by summing up the various increasing trends. The cumulative number of high jump increases, medium jump increases, low jump increases, and the total increase are normalized and their values ​​are taken. The values ​​are then calculated and analyzed using a formula to obtain the increase value.

5. The method for detecting abnormal output impedance of a power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The latest abnormal interval [Z1new, Z2new] is generated as follows: 5-1: The standard deviation of the load impedance is calculated by using the standard deviation formula to obtain the load impedance Fj at each acquisition time within the sliding window. The specific standard deviation formula is: ,in This represents the average load impedance at each acquisition time. 5-2: Calculate the standard deviation of the temperature Tj at each acquisition time within the sliding window using the standard deviation formula. The specific standard deviation formula is: ,in The average temperature at each data collection time; 5-3: The standard deviation of the operating frequency is calculated by using the standard deviation formula to obtain the load impedance Pj at each acquisition time within the sliding window. The specific standard deviation formula is: ,in This represents the average operating frequency at each data acquisition time. 5-4: When a range expansion instruction is received, the baseline interval is expanded to obtain the latest abnormal interval; 5-5: When a range reduction instruction is received, the baseline interval is reduced to obtain the latest abnormal interval.

6. The method for detecting abnormal output impedance of a power amplifier according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for expanding the baseline interval is as follows: Define the upper limit Z2, lower limit Z1, and standard deviation of the load impedance within the reference range. Standard deviation of temperature and the standard deviation of the operating frequency After normalization and numerical analysis, the latest outlier interval [Z1new, Z2new] is obtained by formulaic calculation and analysis. The specific calculation formula is as follows: η1, η2, and η3 are set proportional constants, and k1 is a set constant representing the degree of amplification of the threshold range for the excess portion.

7. The method for detecting abnormal output impedance of a power amplifier according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method for narrowing the baseline interval is as follows: Define the upper limit Z2, lower limit Z1, and standard deviation of the load impedance within the reference range. Standard deviation of temperature and the standard deviation of the operating frequency After normalization and numerical analysis, the latest outlier interval [Z1new, Z2new] is obtained by formulaic calculation and analysis. The specific calculation formula is as follows: , where k2 is a set constant that represents the degree to which the threshold range is reduced below the lower limit.

8. A power amplifier output impedance abnormality detection system, characterized in that... A method for detecting abnormal output impedance of a power amplifier as described in any one of claims 1-7, the system comprising: a data acquisition module, a sliding analysis module, and an abnormality detection module; The data acquisition module communicates with the power amplifier and the various sensors mounted on the amplifier to acquire the amplifier's operating and electrical parameters; specific operating information includes load impedance, temperature, and operating frequency, while electrical parameters include voltage and current. The sliding analysis module performs sliding analysis on the power amplifier's operating parameters according to the sliding window and sliding duration to obtain the floating amplitude. It then compares the floating amplitude with the set floating range. If the floating amplitude is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the set floating range, a range expansion command is generated and sent to S3. If the floating amplitude is less than the lower limit of the set floating range, a range contraction command is generated. Otherwise, no adjustment is required, and the reference range is directly used as the abnormal range. Based on the abnormal range, the output impedance of the current power amplifier is detected for anomalies. The anomaly detection module dynamically responds to the anomaly threshold range based on the received range expansion and range contraction instructions to generate the latest anomaly range [Z1new, Z2new], and performs anomaly detection analysis on the output impedance of the power amplifier to determine whether there is an anomaly.

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