Atmospheric waveguide detection system based on unmanned ship

Abstract

The invention discloses an atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned ship. The unmanned ship is provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a wind speed and direction sensor, a sea surface temperature sensor and a data acquisition module. The data acquisition module is in signal connection with each sensor and is used for acquiring data measured by each sensor; a data control and analysis center is arranged on the offshore; the data control and analysis center comprises a data preprocessing unit and a data analysis processing unit; wireless communication connection is established between the unmanned surface vehicle and the data control and analysis center, data acquired by the data acquisition module is transmitted to the data preprocessing unit based on the wireless communication technology, the data preprocessing unit preprocesses and stores the received data, and the data analysis processing unit analyzes the stored data. The atmospheric waveguide detection technology is combined with the unmanned ship, so that the marine atmospheric waveguide can be detected more efficiently, comprehensively and accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine atmospheric environment detection, and in particular to an atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat. Background Art

[0002] In modern marine activities, the atmospheric duct phenomenon has a significant impact on the propagation of electromagnetic waves. The propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere are closely related to the existence of atmospheric ducts. When atmospheric ducts appear in the atmosphere, electromagnetic waves may be captured in the atmosphere at a specific altitude and propagate in a special way, which has an important impact on radar detection, communication and other operations at sea.

[0003] At present, common atmospheric duct detection methods have certain limitations. For example, although shore-based detection systems can perform atmospheric duct detection, they are limited by their fixed geographical location and are difficult to conduct comprehensive and flexible monitoring of large sea areas. Traditional marine detection methods, such as detection methods based on ship-borne equipment, are costly and inconvenient to operate.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to improve the existing technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat, aiming to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0006] An atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat, characterized in that the unmanned boat is provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a wind speed and wind direction sensor, a sea surface temperature sensor and a data acquisition module;

[0007] The temperature sensor is used to measure the atmospheric temperature at the location of the unmanned boat, the humidity sensor is used to measure the atmospheric humidity at the location of the unmanned boat, the air pressure sensor is used to measure the atmospheric pressure at the location of the unmanned boat, the wind speed and wind direction sensor is used to measure the atmospheric wind speed and wind direction at the location of the unmanned boat, the sea surface temperature sensor is used to measure the sea surface temperature at the location of the unmanned boat, and the data acquisition module is connected to the signals of each sensor to collect the data measured by each sensor;

[0008] A data control and analysis center is set up offshore, and the data control and analysis center includes a data pre-processing unit and a data analysis and processing unit;

[0009] The unmanned boat establishes a wireless communication connection with the data control and analysis center, and transmits the data collected by the data acquisition module to the data preprocessing unit based on the wireless communication technology. The data preprocessing unit preprocesses and stores the received data, and the data analysis processing unit calculates the atmospheric waveguide for the stored data based on the NPS prediction model.

[0010] Preferably, the specific method for calculating the atmospheric duct based on the NPS prediction model is:

[0011] According to Debye theory, the corrected atmospheric refractive index M can be determined by the following relationship;

[0012]

[0013] M=N+0.157z (2)

[0014] Where: N is the atmospheric refractive index, which can be expressed as a function of atmospheric temperature T (K), atmospheric pressure P (hPa) and water vapor pressure e (hPa), and z is the height above the ground (m);

[0015] In the NPS prediction model, the vertical profiles of temperature T and specific humidity q in the near-surface layer can be described by the following equations;

[0016]

[0017] Where: T(z) and q(z) are the temperature and relative humidity of the air at height z, respectively. 0 ,q 0 are sea surface temperature and specific humidity, θ * ,q * are the characteristic scales of potential temperature θ and specific humidity q, κ is the Karman constant, Z 0c is the temperature roughness height, ψ h , Γ d are the temperature universal function and dry adiabatic lapse rate, respectively, and L is the similarity length;

[0018] The size parameters and roughness parameters of the sea surface were calculated using the Coare 3.0 algorithm, and the wind speed and temperature under stable conditions were corrected using the stability function, which is expressed as follows;

[0019]

[0020] In the NPS prediction model, the pressure profile can be expressed as follows by combining the fluid statics equation and the ideal gas law;

[0021]

[0022] Where: p(z 1 )、p(z 2) are the measured height z 1 and z 2 The air pressure at T M is the height z 1 and z 2 The average virtual temperature at

[0023] The water vapor pressure profile can be determined from the relationship between specific humidity and water vapor pressure, and the expression is as follows;

[0024]

[0025] The modified atmospheric refractive index M can be obtained by combining equations (1)-(7). The height corresponding to the minimum value is the atmospheric duct.

[0026] Preferably, it is characterized in that the temperature sensor has a measurement range of -40°C-50°C and a measurement accuracy of ±0.2°C.

[0027] Preferably, the humidity sensor has a measurement range of 0-100% RH, an accuracy of ±1% RH, and a resolution of 0.1%.

[0028] Preferably, the air pressure sensor has a measuring range of 600-1100 hPa, an accuracy of ±0.20 hPa, and a resolution of 0.1 hPa.

[0029] Preferably, the wind speed and wind direction sensor has a wind speed measurement range of 0-100m / s, an accuracy of ±0.3m / s, a resolution of 0.1m / s, and a wind direction measurement range of 0-360°, an accuracy of ±3°, and a resolution of 1°.

[0030] Preferably, the sea surface temperature sensor has a range of -20°C to 40°C, an accuracy of ±0.5°C, and a resolution of ±0.2°C.

[0031] Preferably, the unmanned boat establishes satellite communication or 4G / 5G communication with the data control and analysis center.

[0032] Preferably, the unmanned boat is equipped with a positioning and navigation device.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The present invention discloses an atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat. The unmanned boat has the advantages of high flexibility, relatively low cost, and the ability to autonomously navigate and operate in complex sea environments. The atmospheric waveguide detection technology is combined with the unmanned boat to achieve more efficient, comprehensive and accurate detection of ocean atmospheric waveguides, provide more accurate data support and technical guarantee for marine operations such as radar over-the-horizon detection and long-distance communication, and improve the safety and efficiency of marine activities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the implementation mode will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation modes of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the atmospheric waveguide detection system of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 It is the present invention that corrects the atmospheric refraction profile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat.

[0041] The basic structure of the unmanned boat refers to the existing technology. On this basis, the frame of the unmanned boat is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant materials to adapt to the marine environment.

[0042] The unmanned boat is equipped with positioning and navigation devices and can navigate according to preset routes or remote instructions.

[0043] The unmanned boat is equipped with a lightning protection device to effectively prevent damage to the unmanned boat by lightning.

[0044] The unmanned boat is equipped with wireless communication equipment for establishing wireless communication connection with the shore.

[0045] The unmanned boat is equipped with temperature sensors, humidity sensors, air pressure sensors, wind speed and wind direction sensors, sea surface temperature sensors and data acquisition modules. Specifically, the temperature sensor is used to measure the atmospheric temperature at the location of the unmanned boat, with a measurement range of -40℃-50℃ and a measurement accuracy of ±0.2℃; the humidity sensor is used to measure the atmospheric humidity at the location of the unmanned boat, with a measurement range of 0-100%RH, an accuracy of ±1%RH and a resolution of 0.1%; the air pressure sensor is used to measure the atmospheric pressure at the location of the unmanned boat, with a range of 600-1100hPa, an accuracy of ±0.20hPa and a resolution of 0.1hPa; the wind speed and wind direction sensor is used to measure the atmospheric pressure at the location of the unmanned boat, with a measurement range of 600-1100hPa, an accuracy of ±0.20hPa and a resolution of 0.1hPa. Used to measure the atmospheric wind speed and wind direction at the location of the unmanned boat, the wind speed measurement range is 0-100m / s, the accuracy is ±0.3m / s, the resolution is 0.1m / s, the wind direction measurement range is 0-360°, the accuracy is ±3°, and the resolution is 1°; the sea surface temperature sensor is used to measure the sea surface temperature at the location of the unmanned boat, with a range of -20℃-40℃, an accuracy of ±0.5℃, and a resolution of ±0.2℃; the data acquisition module is connected to the sensor signals to collect the data measured by each sensor.

[0046] The unmanned boat is equipped with a power module to provide stable power to the above-mentioned devices, wireless communication equipment, sensors and data acquisition modules.

[0047] A data control and analysis center is set up offshore, and the data control and analysis center includes a data pre-processing unit and a data analysis processing unit.

[0048] The unmanned boat establishes a wireless communication connection with the data control and analysis center on the shore through wireless communication equipment, specifically, establishing satellite communication or 4G / 5G communication.

[0049] Based on wireless communication technology, the data collected by the data acquisition module is transmitted to the data preprocessing unit, which performs preprocessing operations such as data cleaning, screening, and interpolation on the received data before storing it. The data analysis and processing unit analyzes the stored data. Specifically, the atmospheric waveguide is calculated based on the NPS prediction model. The analysis process is as follows:

[0050] The atmospheric duct can be obtained by correcting the curve of atmospheric refraction profile changing with height, that is, the height corresponding to the minimum atmospheric refractive index M is the atmospheric duct height d, as shown in Figure 2 shown.

[0051] According to Debye theory, the corrected atmospheric refractive index M can be determined by the following relationship:

[0052]

[0053] M=N+0.157z (2)

[0054] Where: N is the atmospheric refractive index, which can be expressed as a function of atmospheric temperature T (K), atmospheric pressure P (hPa) and water vapor pressure e (hPa), and z is the height above the ground (m).

[0055] The NPS evaporation duct model was released by the U.S. Naval Postgraduate School in 2000. The model uses air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, pressure and sea surface temperature at a certain height above the sea surface as inputs, and calculates the evaporation duct height based on the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory. The main difference between it and other evaporation duct models is that the NPS model first obtains the profiles of temperature, humidity and air pressure, and then calculates the atmospheric refractive index profile of the evaporation duct based on the relationship between the atmospheric refractive index and the temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure, and then determines the duct height using the position of the minimum value of the corrected refractive index.

[0056] In the NPS prediction model, the vertical profiles of temperature T and specific humidity q in the near-surface layer can be described by the following equations:

[0057]

[0058] Where: T(z) and q(z) are the temperature and relative humidity of the air at height z, respectively. 0 ,q 0 are sea surface temperature and specific humidity, θ * ,q * are the characteristic scales of potential temperature θ and specific humidity q, κ is the Karman constant, Z 0c is the temperature roughness height, ψ h , Γ d are the temperature universal function and the dry adiabatic lapse rate respectively, and L is the similarity length.

[0059] The size parameters and roughness parameters of the sea surface are calculated using the Coare 3.0 algorithm, and the wind speed and temperature under stable conditions use a stability correction function, which is expressed as follows:

[0060]

[0061] In the NPS prediction model, the pressure profile can be expressed as follows by combining the fluid statics equation and the ideal gas law:

[0062]

[0063] Where: p(z 1 )、p(z 2 ) are the measured height z 1 and z 2 The air pressure at T M is the height z 1 and z2 The average virtual temperature at .

[0064] The water vapor pressure profile can be determined from the relationship between specific humidity and water vapor pressure. The expression is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] The modified atmospheric refractive index M can be obtained by combining equations (1)-(7). The height corresponding to the minimum value is the atmospheric duct.

[0067] Through the above analysis process, data visualization tools are used to display the results and generate intuitive analysis reports such as charts and maps.

[0068] To sum up, the atmospheric waveguide detection system based on the unmanned boat described in the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high flexibility, relatively low cost, and the ability to autonomously navigate and operate in complex sea environments. The atmospheric waveguide detection technology is combined with the unmanned boat to achieve more efficient, comprehensive and accurate detection of ocean atmospheric waveguides, provide more accurate data support and technical guarantees for marine operations such as radar over-the-horizon detection and long-distance communications, and improve the safety and efficiency of marine activities.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat, characterized in that: The unmanned boat is equipped with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a wind speed and direction sensor, a sea surface temperature sensor, and a data acquisition module; The temperature sensor is used to measure the atmospheric temperature at the location of the unmanned boat, the humidity sensor is used to measure the atmospheric humidity at the location of the unmanned boat, the air pressure sensor is used to measure the atmospheric pressure at the location of the unmanned boat, the wind speed and wind direction sensor is used to measure the atmospheric wind speed and wind direction at the location of the unmanned boat, the sea surface temperature sensor is used to measure the sea surface temperature at the location of the unmanned boat, and the data acquisition module is connected to the signals of each sensor to collect the data measured by each sensor; A data control and analysis center is set up offshore, which includes a data pre-processing unit and a data analysis and processing unit; The unmanned boat establishes a wireless communication connection with the data control and analysis center, and transmits the data collected by the data acquisition module to the data preprocessing unit based on the wireless communication technology. The data preprocessing unit preprocesses and stores the received data, and the data analysis processing unit calculates the atmospheric waveguide for the stored data based on the NPS prediction model.

2. The atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for calculating atmospheric duct based on the NPS prediction model is: According to Debye theory, the corrected atmospheric refractive index M can be determined by the following relationship; M=N+0.157z (2) Where: N is the atmospheric refractive index, which can be expressed as a function of atmospheric temperature T (K), atmospheric pressure P (hPa) and water vapor pressure e (hPa), and z is the height above the ground (m); In the NPS prediction model, the vertical profiles of temperature T and specific humidity q in the near-surface layer can be described by the following equations; Where: T(z), q(z) are the temperature and humidity of the air at height z, T0, q0 are the sea surface temperature and humidity, θ * ,q * are the characteristic scales of potential temperature θ and specific humidity q, κ is the Karman constant, Z 0c is the temperature roughness height, ψ h , Γ d are the temperature universal function and dry adiabatic lapse rate, respectively, and L is the similarity length; The size parameters and roughness parameters of the sea surface were calculated using the Coare 3.0 algorithm, and the wind speed and temperature under stable conditions were corrected using the stability function, which is expressed as follows; In the NPS prediction model, the pressure profile can be expressed as follows by combining the fluid statics equation and the ideal gas law; Where: p(z1) and p(z2) are the air pressure at the measured heights z1 and z2, respectively, T M is the average value of virtual temperature at height z1 and z2; The water vapor pressure profile can be determined from the relationship between specific humidity and water vapor pressure, and the expression is as follows; The modified atmospheric refractive index M can be obtained by combining equations (1)-(7). The height corresponding to the minimum value is the atmospheric duct.

3. The atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor has a measurement range of -40°C to 50°C and a measurement accuracy of ±0.2°C.

4. The atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The humidity sensor has a measurement range of 0-100% RH, an accuracy of ±1% RH and a resolution of 0.1%.

5. The atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air pressure sensor has a range of 600-1100hPa, an accuracy of ±0.20hPa, and a resolution of 0.1hPa.

6. The atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat according to claim 1, characterized in that: Wind speed and direction sensor, wind speed measurement range is 0-100m / s, accuracy is ±0.3m / s, resolution is 0.1m / s, wind direction measurement range is 0-360°, accuracy is ±3°, resolution is 1°.

7. The atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sea surface temperature sensor has a range of -20℃-40℃, an accuracy of ±0.5℃ and a resolution of ±0.2℃.

8. The atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unmanned boat establishes satellite communication or 4G / 5G communication with the data control and analysis center.

9. The atmospheric waveguide detection system based on an unmanned boat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unmanned boat is equipped with positioning and navigation devices.

Images