Overvoltage protector risk warning method and system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of overvoltage protectors, and specifically discloses a method and system for early warning of risks for overvoltage protectors. The method comprises: collecting usage data of electronic components of overvoltage protectors and mechanical vibration characteristic data of overvoltage protectors, matching the initial level of risk warning of overvoltage protectors, constructing an electrical characteristic model of access to the power grid, obtaining an updated level of risk warning of overvoltage protectors, analyzing the usage environment of overvoltage protectors, matching the error level of risk warning of overvoltage protectors, and determining a risk warning scheme for overvoltage protectors. The method solves the problem that traditional monitoring of overvoltage protectors is mainly based on regular manual inspections and simple fault alarms, and that current monitoring methods often only focus on a single parameter without comprehensively considering the impact of multiple factors on overvoltage protectors. The method can minimize the situation where inaccurate early warnings are caused by insufficient evaluation of a single factor or interference from environmental factors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of overvoltage protectors, and in particular to an overvoltage protector risk warning method and system. Background Art

[0002] Modern society is highly dependent on electricity, and the reliability of the power system is directly related to its normal operation. As one of the key devices to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system, the proper functioning of the overvoltage protector (SVP) is crucial. With the development of smart grids, the complexity of power systems continues to increase, and the protection requirements for power equipment are becoming more stringent. SVPs need to be able to adapt to various complex grid operating environments, such as the integration of distributed power sources and the widespread use of power electronics, all of which can cause grid voltage fluctuations and overvoltage conditions. Therefore, to ensure the reliability of the power system, an effective SVP risk warning method is needed.

[0003] Currently, research on overvoltage protector risk warnings still has some shortcomings. Specifically, traditional overvoltage protector monitoring is mainly based on regular manual inspections and simple fault alarms (such as fuse blown alarms), which makes it difficult to detect potential equipment problems in a timely manner. Some existing simple alarm devices will only alarm when the equipment has already experienced a serious fault. They cannot effectively monitor and warn of gradual changes in equipment performance (such as degradation of protection performance due to component aging). In addition, current monitoring methods often only focus on a single parameter and do not comprehensively consider the impact of multiple factors on the overvoltage protector. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an overvoltage protector risk warning method and system, which can effectively solve the problems involved in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: The first aspect of the present invention provides an overvoltage protector risk warning method, comprising the following steps: collecting overvoltage protector electronic component usage data to obtain an overvoltage protector electronic component usage factor; obtaining overvoltage protector mechanical vibration characteristic data, combining the overvoltage protector electronic component usage factor to obtain an overvoltage protector characteristic signal; matching the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level based on the overvoltage protector characteristic signal; collecting overvoltage protector access to the power grid electrical characteristic information, constructing a power grid access electrical characteristic model, and outputting the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor; based on the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor and combined with the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level, obtaining the overvoltage protector risk warning update level; analyzing the overvoltage protector usage environment to obtain the overvoltage protector usage environment signal, and matching the overvoltage protector risk warning error level based on the overvoltage protector usage environment signal; obtaining the overvoltage protector risk warning level based on the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level, and determining the overvoltage protector risk warning plan.

[0006] As a further method, the usage data of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector is collected to obtain the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector. The specific analysis process is as follows: Analyze the capacitance attenuation rate of the overvoltage protector:

[0007]

[0008] Where a c is the capacitance attenuation rate of the overvoltage protector, C0 is the initial capacitance of the overvoltage protector capacitor, C now The actual current capacitance of the overvoltage protector capacitor;

[0009] Calculate the relative life of the overvoltage protector capacitor:

[0010]

[0011] Where, L rel is the relative life of the overvoltage protector capacitor, A is the constant corresponding to the overvoltage protector capacitor stored in the database, e is the natural constant, E a is the activation energy, k is the Boltzmann constant, T ref is the rated operating temperature of the overvoltage protector capacitor, and T is the actual operating temperature of the overvoltage protector capacitor;

[0012] Get the drift rate of the overvoltage protector resistance value:

[0013]

[0014] Where a Ris the drift rate of the overvoltage protector resistance value, R0 is the initial resistance value of the overvoltage protector, R now is the actual current resistance value of the overvoltage protector;

[0015] Get the rate of change of leakage current of the overvoltage protector and lightning arrester:

[0016]

[0017] Where a I is the rate of change of the arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector, I0 is the initial arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector, I now is the actual arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector;

[0018] Based on the overvoltage protector capacitance attenuation rate, the overvoltage protector capacitor relative life, the overvoltage protector resistance drift rate and the overvoltage protector arrester leakage current change rate, a comprehensive analysis is conducted to obtain the overvoltage protector electronic component usage factor, which is used as the analysis basis for obtaining the overvoltage protector characteristic signal;

[0019] The formula for calculating the usage factor of overvoltage protector electronic components is:

[0020]

[0021] Where, Yj g Use factor for overvoltage protector electronics.

[0022] As a further method, the mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector is obtained, and the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector is obtained by combining the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the root mean square acceleration of the overvoltage protector vibration:

[0023]

[0024] Where a rms is the RMS acceleration of the overvoltage protector, a i is the vibration acceleration of the i-th overvoltage protector, i is the number of the collected overvoltage protector vibration acceleration, i = 1, 2, 3, ..., n, n is the total number of collected overvoltage protector vibration accelerations;

[0025] Obtain the maximum vibration frequency and amplitude of the overvoltage protector; Based on the root mean square acceleration of the overvoltage protector vibration, the maximum vibration frequency of the overvoltage protector, the maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector, and the usage factor of the overvoltage protector electronic components, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the overvoltage protector characteristic signal. The overvoltage protector characteristic signal serves as the analysis basis for matching the initial level of the overvoltage protector risk warning;

[0026] The calculation formula of the overvoltage protector characteristic signal is:

[0027]

[0028] Where Zd g is the mechanical vibration characteristic factor of the overvoltage protector, zdp is the maximum vibration frequency of the overvoltage protector, zdf is the maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector, and Tz is the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector.

[0029] As a further method, based on the overvoltage protector characteristic signal, the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level is matched. The specific analysis process is: obtain the overvoltage protector characteristic signal-overvoltage protector risk warning initial level mapping table pre-stored in the database, and find the matching overvoltage protector risk warning initial level according to the overvoltage protector characteristic signal by searching the mapping table.

[0030] As a further method, we collect the electrical characteristics information of the overvoltage protector connected to the grid, build the electrical characteristics model of the grid, and output the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector. The specific analysis process is as follows: Calculate the grid voltage change frequency signal:

[0031]

[0032] Where, Bd is the grid voltage variation frequency signal, U max is the maximum voltage during the monitoring period, U min is the minimum voltage during the monitoring period, N is the number of voltage fluctuations during the monitoring period, T is the duration of the monitoring period, and e is a natural constant;

[0033] Obtain the average harmonic content of the power grid; construct an electrical characteristic model of the access power grid based on the power grid voltage variation frequency signal and the average harmonic content of the power grid:

[0034]

[0035] Where Dq rem is the electrical risk influencing factor of the overvoltage protector, xbh is the average harmonic content of the power grid, σ1 is the compensation factor of the set power grid voltage variation frequency signal Bd, and σ2 is the compensation factor of the set xbh.

[0036] As a further method, based on the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor and combined with the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level, the overvoltage protector risk warning update level is obtained. The specific analysis process is: compare the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor with the threshold of the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor stored in the database; if the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor is not lower than the threshold of the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor, then the overvoltage protector risk warning correction level corresponding to the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor is -1; if the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor is lower than the threshold of the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor, then the overvoltage protector risk warning correction level corresponding to the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor is 1; the overvoltage protector risk warning sub-correction level and the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level are accumulated to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning update level.

[0037] As a further method, the use environment of the overvoltage protector is analyzed to obtain an overvoltage protector use environment signal. The specific analysis process is: obtaining the overvoltage protector use environment data, the overvoltage protector use environment data specifically including the maximum temperature of the overvoltage protector use environment, the average humidity of the overvoltage protector use environment, the dust concentration of the overvoltage protector use environment, and the electromagnetic interference intensity of the overvoltage protector use environment; based on the obtained overvoltage protector use environment data, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the overvoltage protector use environment signal, and the overvoltage protector use environment signal is used as an analysis basis for matching the overvoltage protector risk warning error level;

[0038] The specific calculation formula for the overvoltage protector using the environmental signal is:

[0039]

[0040] Where, Env g Using ambient signal for overvoltage protector, Tem max is the maximum temperature of the overvoltage protector operating environment, Shd is the average humidity of the overvoltage protector operating environment, hc is the dust concentration of the overvoltage protector operating environment, dcg is the electromagnetic interference intensity of the overvoltage protector operating environment, τ1 is the set Tem max , τ2 is the compensation factor of the set Shd, τ3 is the compensation factor of the set hc, τ4 is the compensation factor of the set dcg, and e is a natural constant.

[0041] As a further method, the overvoltage protector risk warning error level is matched based on the overvoltage protector usage environment signal. The specific analysis process is: obtain the overvoltage protector usage environment signal-overvoltage protector risk warning error level mapping table pre-stored in the database, and find the matching overvoltage protector risk warning error level according to the overvoltage protector usage environment signal by searching the mapping table.

[0042] As a further method, based on the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level, the overvoltage protector risk warning level is obtained, and the overvoltage protector risk warning plan is determined. The specific analysis process is: the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level are accumulated to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning level; the overvoltage protector risk warning level-overvoltage protector risk warning plan mapping table pre-stored in the database is obtained, and by searching the mapping table, a matching overvoltage protector risk warning plan is found according to the overvoltage protector risk warning level.

[0043] The second aspect of the present invention provides an overvoltage protector risk warning system, including an electronic component usage factor acquisition module, a characteristic signal analysis module, a risk warning initial level matching module, an electrical risk impact factor output module, a risk warning update level acquisition module, a risk warning error level matching module and a risk warning scheme determination module, wherein: the electronic component usage factor acquisition module is used to collect overvoltage protector electronic component usage data and obtain the overvoltage protector electronic component usage factor; the characteristic signal analysis module is used to obtain the overvoltage protector mechanical vibration characteristic data, combined with the overvoltage protector electronic component usage factor, to obtain the overvoltage protector characteristic signal; the risk warning initial level matching module is used to match the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level based on the overvoltage protector characteristic signal; the electrical risk impact factor The sub-output module is used to collect the electrical characteristic information of the overvoltage protector connected to the power grid, construct an electrical characteristic model of the overvoltage protector connected to the power grid, and output the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector; the risk warning update level acquisition module is used to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning update level based on the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor and combined with the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level; the risk warning error level matching module is used to analyze the overvoltage protector usage environment, obtain the overvoltage protector usage environment signal, and match the overvoltage protector risk warning error level based on the overvoltage protector usage environment signal; the risk warning scheme determination module is used to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning level based on the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level, and determine the overvoltage protector risk warning scheme.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0045] (1) The present invention provides a risk warning method and system for an overvoltage protector. By collecting electronic component usage data and mechanical vibration characteristic data, this method can comprehensively consider the usage status of the electronic components inside the overvoltage protector and the mechanical stress to which the device is subjected, and can more accurately assess the health status of the device itself and detect in advance the risk of failures that may be caused by component aging or mechanical damage. By constructing an electrical characteristic model for access to the power grid and outputting an electrical risk impact factor, the impact of the electrical characteristics of the power grid on the overvoltage protector can be included in the evaluation scope.

[0046] (2) By analyzing the operating environment and obtaining environmental signals, and then matching the risk warning error level, the present invention can appropriately correct the warning level, making the risk warning more accurate. The final risk warning level is obtained by combining the risk warning update level and the risk warning error level, which can minimize the occurrence of inaccurate warnings caused by insufficient assessment of a single factor or interference from environmental factors.

[0047] (3) The present invention obtains an overvoltage protector usage environment signal by analyzing the overvoltage protector usage environment signal, and matches the overvoltage protector risk warning error level based on the overvoltage protector usage environment signal, thereby quantifying environmental factors that are complex and difficult to measure directly. This quantified signal can more accurately reflect the degree of influence of environmental factors on the overvoltage protector. Considering the environmental signal matching the risk warning error level can identify in advance the damage that environmental factors may cause to the equipment. Based on the matched risk warning error level, a more targeted maintenance strategy can be formulated for the overvoltage protector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. A person skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the method steps of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of system module connections of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the first aspect of the present invention provides an overvoltage protector risk warning method, comprising: collecting overvoltage protector electronic component usage data and obtaining an overvoltage protector electronic component usage factor.

[0053] The specific analysis process is: Analyze the capacitance attenuation rate of the overvoltage protector:

[0054]

[0055] Where a c is the capacitance attenuation rate of the overvoltage protector, C0 is the initial capacitance of the overvoltage protector capacitor, C now The actual current capacitance of the overvoltage protector capacitor;

[0056] Calculate the relative life of the overvoltage protector capacitor:

[0057]

[0058] Where, L rel is the relative life of the overvoltage protector capacitor, A is the constant corresponding to the overvoltage protector capacitor stored in the database, e is the natural constant, E a is the activation energy, k is the Boltzmann constant, T ref is the rated operating temperature of the overvoltage protector capacitor, and T is the actual operating temperature of the overvoltage protector capacitor;

[0059] Get the drift rate of the overvoltage protector resistance value:

[0060]

[0061] Where a R is the drift rate of the overvoltage protector resistance value, R0 is the initial resistance value of the overvoltage protector, R now is the actual current resistance value of the overvoltage protector;

[0062] Get the rate of change of leakage current of the overvoltage protector and lightning arrester:

[0063]

[0064] Where a Iis the rate of change of the arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector, I0 is the initial arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector, I now is the actual arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector;

[0065] Based on the overvoltage protector capacitance attenuation rate, the overvoltage protector capacitor relative life, the overvoltage protector resistance drift rate and the overvoltage protector arrester leakage current change rate, a comprehensive analysis is conducted to obtain the overvoltage protector electronic component usage factor, which is used as the analysis basis for obtaining the overvoltage protector characteristic signal;

[0066] The formula for calculating the usage factor of overvoltage protector electronic components is:

[0067]

[0068] Where, Yj g Use factor for overvoltage protector electronics.

[0069] By collecting various usage data on the overvoltage protector's electronic components, including capacitance decay rate, relative capacitor lifespan, resistance drift rate, and arrester leakage current change rate, we can comprehensively understand the status of key electronic components in the device. This allows us to assess the overall health of the device by integrating multiple parameters, rather than focusing on a single parameter. This avoids overlooking other potential issues by focusing on only one aspect.

[0070] When calculating the relative lifespan of capacitors, multiple factors such as activation energy, the Boltzmann constant, rated operating temperature, and actual operating temperature are taken into account. This allows for more accurate predictions of capacitor lifespan, enabling proactive measures to avoid equipment failures due to capacitor expiration. Monitoring parameters such as the rate of change of lightning arrester leakage current can promptly detect changes in arrester performance. Lightning arresters are critical components for overvoltage protection, and changes in their leakage current are often an early sign of internal failure.

[0071] The mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector is obtained, and the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector is obtained by combining the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector.

[0072] The specific analysis process is as follows: Get the RMS acceleration of the overvoltage protector vibration:

[0073]

[0074] Where a rms is the RMS acceleration of the overvoltage protector, a i is the vibration acceleration of the i-th overvoltage protector, i is the number of the collected overvoltage protector vibration acceleration, i = 1, 2, 3, ..., n, n is the total number of collected overvoltage protector vibration accelerations;

[0075] Obtain the maximum vibration frequency and amplitude of the overvoltage protector; Based on the root mean square acceleration of the overvoltage protector vibration, the maximum vibration frequency of the overvoltage protector, the maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector, and the usage factor of the overvoltage protector electronic components, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the overvoltage protector characteristic signal. The overvoltage protector characteristic signal serves as the analysis basis for matching the initial level of the overvoltage protector risk warning;

[0076] The calculation formula of the overvoltage protector characteristic signal is:

[0077]

[0078] Where Zd g is the mechanical vibration characteristic factor of the overvoltage protector, zdp is the maximum vibration frequency of the overvoltage protector, zdf is the maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector, and Tz is the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector.

[0079] By combining the overvoltage protector's electronic component usage factor and mechanical vibration characteristic data to obtain characteristic signals, a comprehensive evaluation of the device is achieved from two important dimensions: electronic component performance and mechanical structure status. The electronic component usage factor reflects the performance changes of key components such as capacitors, resistors, and lightning arresters, while the mechanical vibration characteristic data (such as root mean square acceleration, maximum vibration frequency, and maximum vibration amplitude) reflects the mechanical operating status of the device. This multi-dimensional comprehensive analysis avoids the limitations of single-factor evaluation and can more comprehensively and accurately reflect the overall status of the overvoltage protector.

[0080] By comprehensively considering multiple factors such as electronic components and mechanical vibration, potential risks can be discovered earlier before obvious equipment failures occur.

[0081] Based on a comprehensive and accurate assessment of equipment status and risk warnings, more personalized and customized maintenance plans can be developed. Instead of relying on traditional scheduled maintenance or experience-based maintenance, maintenance work is scheduled based on the equipment's actual operating status and characteristic signals. For equipment in good condition with stable characteristic signals, the maintenance cycle can be appropriately extended, reducing unnecessary maintenance operations and lowering maintenance costs. For equipment with abnormal characteristic signals and higher risk levels, maintenance can be scheduled promptly, and the necessary spare parts and tools can be prepared in advance to ensure smooth maintenance. This customized maintenance plan can improve equipment availability and operational efficiency, while also achieving a better balance between maintenance costs and equipment performance.

[0082] Based on the overvoltage protector characteristic signal, match the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level.

[0083] The specific analysis process is: obtain the overvoltage protector characteristic signal-overvoltage protector risk warning initial level mapping table pre-stored in the database, and find the matching overvoltage protector risk warning initial level according to the overvoltage protector characteristic signal by searching the mapping table.

[0084] By pre-storing a mapping table between the characteristic signals of overvoltage protectors and the initial risk warning levels in the database, a unified standard is provided for risk assessment of overvoltage protectors. Once the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector is obtained, the matching initial risk warning level can be quickly found by simply searching the mapping table, greatly simplifying the risk assessment process. Quickly determining the risk warning level helps to promptly initiate corresponding emergency plans and treatment measures. Different risk levels can correspond to different treatment processes and resource allocation plans. For example, low-risk levels may only require enhanced monitoring, while high-risk levels require immediate maintenance or replacement of equipment. This fast and efficient decision-making mechanism can effectively reduce the likelihood and impact of risks and ensure the safe and stable operation of equipment and systems.

[0085] Collect the electrical characteristics information of the overvoltage protector connected to the grid, build the electrical characteristics model of the grid, and output the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector.

[0086] The specific analysis process is: Calculate the grid voltage variation frequency signal:

[0087]

[0088] Where, Bd is the grid voltage variation frequency signal, U max is the maximum voltage during the monitoring period, U min is the minimum voltage during the monitoring period, N is the number of voltage fluctuations during the monitoring period, T is the duration of the monitoring period, and e is a natural constant;

[0089] Obtain the average harmonic content of the power grid; construct an electrical characteristic model of the access power grid based on the power grid voltage variation frequency signal and the average harmonic content of the power grid:

[0090]

[0091] Where Dq rem is the electrical risk influencing factor of the overvoltage protector, xbh is the average harmonic content of the power grid, σ1 is the compensation factor of the set power grid voltage variation frequency signal Bd, and σ2 is the compensation factor of the set xbh.

[0092] By collecting various electrical characteristics of the overvoltage protector connected to the grid, such as the grid voltage fluctuation frequency signal (taking into account factors such as maximum voltage, minimum voltage, number of voltage fluctuations, and monitoring duration) and the grid's average harmonic content, a grid-connected electrical characteristics model is constructed. This model comprehensively and meticulously reflects the impact of the grid's actual operating conditions on the overvoltage protector. This model is no longer limited to a single voltage or current parameter, but instead integrates multiple key electrical parameters, making the assessment of the grid environment more accurate and comprehensive.

[0093] Real-time calculation of parameters such as the grid voltage fluctuation frequency signal and the grid's average harmonic content, and based on this, the calculation of the overvoltage protector's electrical risk impact factor, enables real-time monitoring of grid environmental changes and proactive risk warnings. Accurately assessing the grid's impact on the overvoltage protector and taking appropriate measures ensures the overvoltage protector's stable and reliable operation in the grid environment.

[0094] Based on the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector and combined with the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector, the risk warning update level of the overvoltage protector is obtained.

[0095] The specific analysis process is: compare the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor with the threshold of the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor stored in the database; if the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor is not lower than the threshold of the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor, then the overvoltage protector risk warning correction level corresponding to the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor is -1; if the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor is lower than the threshold of the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor, then the overvoltage protector risk warning correction level corresponding to the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor is 1; the overvoltage protector risk warning sub-correction level and the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level are accumulated to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning update level.

[0096] Based on the comparison of the electrical risk impact factor with the threshold, the initial risk warning level is revised and updated, enabling dynamic updating of the risk warning level. When changes in the electrical characteristics of the power grid (such as increased voltage fluctuations or increased harmonic content) cause the electrical risk impact factor to fall below the threshold, the risk warning level is promptly adjusted to reflect the increased risk. Conversely, when the power grid environment improves and the electrical risk impact factor increases, the warning level is lowered accordingly. This dynamic update mechanism tracks risk trends in real time, allowing relevant personnel to stay informed of the latest developments in equipment risk status.

[0097] Dynamically updated risk warning levels help improve the flexibility and targeted nature of risk management. Different warning levels correspond to different risk response measures and resource allocation plans. For equipment already at a higher risk level, timely updated warning information can prompt relevant personnel to quickly take effective intervention measures, such as emergency shutdowns for maintenance and replacement of damaged components, minimizing the impact of risk events on equipment and the power system. This combination of proactive prevention and timely intervention can significantly improve the safety and reliability of the power system and ensure the continuity and stability of power supply.

[0098] The use environment of the overvoltage protector is analyzed to obtain the use environment signal of the overvoltage protector, and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level is matched based on the use environment signal of the overvoltage protector.

[0099] The specific analysis process is as follows: obtaining the overvoltage protector operating environment data, which specifically includes the maximum temperature of the overvoltage protector operating environment, the average humidity of the overvoltage protector operating environment, the dust concentration of the overvoltage protector operating environment, and the electromagnetic interference intensity of the overvoltage protector operating environment; based on the obtained overvoltage protector operating environment data, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain the overvoltage protector operating environment signal, which is used as the analysis basis for matching the overvoltage protector risk warning error level;

[0100] The specific calculation formula for the overvoltage protector using the environmental signal is:

[0101]

[0102] Where, Env g Using ambient signal for overvoltage protector, Tem max is the maximum temperature of the overvoltage protector operating environment, Shd is the average humidity of the overvoltage protector operating environment, hc is the dust concentration of the overvoltage protector operating environment, dcg is the electromagnetic interference intensity of the overvoltage protector operating environment, τ1 is the set Tem max , τ2 is the compensation factor of the set Shd, τ3 is the compensation factor of the set hc, τ4 is the compensation factor of the set dcg, and e is a natural constant.

[0103] Based on the overvoltage protector usage environment signal matching overvoltage protector risk warning error level, the specific analysis process is: obtain the overvoltage protector usage environment signal-overvoltage protector risk warning error level mapping table pre-stored in the database, and by searching the mapping table, find the matching overvoltage protector risk warning error level according to the overvoltage protector usage environment signal.

[0104] By acquiring various data about the overvoltage protector's operating environment, including maximum temperature, average temperature, dust concentration, and electromagnetic interference intensity, and analyzing this data to generate an operating environment signal, we can comprehensively and meticulously consider the impact of environmental factors on the overvoltage protector. This analysis is no longer limited to a single environmental parameter, but instead integrates multiple key environmental indicators to more realistically reflect the device's actual environmental conditions.

[0105] By matching the risk warning error level with the environmental signal used by the overvoltage protector, it is possible to correct errors related to environmental factors in the risk warning. Different environmental conditions may cause the actual operating status of the device to deviate from the risk warning based on other factors (such as electrical characteristics and the device's own status). By using a pre-stored environmental signal-risk warning error level mapping table and finding a matching error level based on the actual environmental signal, the risk warning results can be adjusted and corrected, making the risk warning more consistent with the actual situation and improving the accuracy and reliability of the warning.

[0106] Accurately assessing the impact of environmental factors on overvoltage protectors and implementing appropriate risk warning error corrections ensures stable and reliable operation in a variety of complex environments. As a critical protective device in the power system, the proper operation of overvoltage protectors is crucial for preventing overvoltage damage to power equipment and ensuring the continuity and stability of the power system. By optimizing environmental management and risk warnings, we can reduce equipment failures and malfunctions caused by environmental factors, improve the overall stability and reliability of the power system, and ensure the quality and safety of the power supply.

[0107] Based on the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level, the overvoltage protector risk warning level is obtained, and the overvoltage protector risk warning plan is determined.

[0108] The specific analysis process is as follows: the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level are accumulated to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning level; the overvoltage protector risk warning level-overvoltage protector risk warning scheme mapping table pre-stored in the database is obtained, and by searching the mapping table, a matching overvoltage protector risk warning scheme is found according to the overvoltage protector risk warning level.

[0109] By accumulating the overvoltage protector risk warning update level (combining the electrical risk impact factor and the initial level) and the risk warning error level (taking into account the operating environment factors) to obtain the final risk warning level, a comprehensive and integrated assessment of the overvoltage protector risk is achieved. This method integrates multi-dimensional information such as the device's own status, the electrical characteristics of the power grid, and the operating environment, avoiding the limitations of single-factor assessment and being able to more accurately reflect the actual risk situation faced by the device. For example, if the device itself is in good condition but is in a harsh environment or the power grid fluctuates greatly, relying solely on one aspect of information may underestimate the risk, while comprehensive consideration can more accurately identify the risk.

[0110] Based on the resulting risk warning level, the matching warning plan is determined by searching a pre-stored mapping table between risk warning level and risk warning plan, achieving a precise match between risk warnings and response measures. Different risk warning levels correspond to different warning plans, which can include specific measures such as inspection frequencies, specific maintenance operations, and equipment parameter adjustments. High risk warning levels may require urgent measures such as immediate shutdown for maintenance and increased spare parts reserves, while low risk levels may only require regular monitoring and routine maintenance.

[0111] This precise matching ensures that risk response measures are highly adapted to actual risk levels, avoiding over- or under-maintenance. This effectively reduces the probability of equipment failure and ensures power system reliability; it also optimizes resource allocation and improves O&M efficiency.

[0112] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention provides an overvoltage protector risk warning system, including an electronic component usage factor acquisition module, a characteristic signal analysis module, a risk warning initial level matching module, an electrical risk impact factor output module, a risk warning update level acquisition module, a risk warning error level matching module and a risk warning scheme determination module.

[0113] The electronic component usage factor acquisition module is used to collect the usage data of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector and obtain the electronic component usage factor of the overvoltage protector.

[0114] The characteristic signal analysis module is used to obtain the mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector and obtain the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector in combination with the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector.

[0115] The risk warning initial level matching module is used to match the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level based on the overvoltage protector characteristic signal.

[0116] The electrical risk impact factor output module is used to collect electrical characteristic information of the overvoltage protector connected to the power grid, build an electrical characteristic model of the power grid, and output the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector.

[0117] The risk warning update level acquisition module is used to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning update level based on the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor and the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level.

[0118] The risk warning error level matching module is used to analyze the use environment of the overvoltage protector, obtain the overvoltage protector use environment signal, and match the overvoltage protector risk warning error level based on the overvoltage protector use environment signal.

[0119] The risk warning scheme determination module is used to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning level and determine the overvoltage protector risk warning scheme based on the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level.

[0120] The above content is merely an example and explanation of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they should all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A risk warning method for an overvoltage protector, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Collecting usage data of electronic components of the overvoltage protector to obtain a usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector; Collect the usage data of overvoltage protector electronic components and obtain the usage factor of overvoltage protector electronic components. The specific analysis process is as follows: Analysis of overvoltage protector capacitance attenuation rate: ； Where, is the capacitance attenuation rate of the overvoltage protector, is the initial capacitance of the overvoltage protector capacitor, The actual current capacitance of the overvoltage protector capacitor; Calculate the relative life of the overvoltage protector capacitor: ； Where, is the relative life of the overvoltage protector capacitor, is the constant corresponding to the capacitance of the overvoltage protector stored in the database, is a natural constant, is the activation energy, is the Boltzmann constant, is the rated operating temperature of the overvoltage protector capacitor, is the actual operating temperature of the overvoltage protector capacitor; Get the drift rate of the overvoltage protector resistance value: ； Where, is the drift rate of the overvoltage protector resistance value, is the initial resistance value of the overvoltage protector, is the actual current resistance value of the overvoltage protector; Get the rate of change of leakage current of the overvoltage protector and lightning arrester: ； Where, is the rate of change of leakage current of the overvoltage protector arrester, is the initial arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector, is the actual arrester leakage current of the overvoltage protector; Based on the overvoltage protector capacitance attenuation rate, the overvoltage protector capacitor relative life, the overvoltage protector resistance drift rate and the overvoltage protector arrester leakage current change rate, a comprehensive analysis is conducted to obtain the overvoltage protector electronic component usage factor, which is used as the analysis basis for obtaining the overvoltage protector characteristic signal; The formula for calculating the usage factor of overvoltage protector electronic components is: ； Where, Use factors for overvoltage protector electronic components; Obtain the mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector and, combined with the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector, obtain the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector; Obtain the mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector and combine it with the usage factor of the overvoltage protector electronic components to obtain the overvoltage protector characteristic signal. The specific analysis process is as follows: Get the RMS acceleration of the overvoltage protector: ； Where, is the RMS acceleration of the overvoltage protector vibration, is the vibration acceleration of the i-th overvoltage protector, i is the number of the collected overvoltage protector vibration acceleration, i=1,2,3,...,n, n is the total number of collected overvoltage protector vibration accelerations; Obtain the maximum vibration frequency and maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector; Based on the RMS acceleration of the overvoltage protector vibration, the maximum vibration frequency of the overvoltage protector, the maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector, and the usage factor of the overvoltage protector electronic components, a comprehensive analysis is conducted to obtain the overvoltage protector characteristic signal. The overvoltage protector characteristic signal serves as the analysis basis for matching the initial level of the overvoltage protector risk warning. The calculation formula of the overvoltage protector characteristic signal is: ； Where, is the mechanical vibration characteristic factor of the overvoltage protector, is the maximum vibration frequency of the overvoltage protector, is the maximum vibration amplitude of the overvoltage protector, It is the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector; Based on the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector, match the initial level of the overvoltage protector risk warning; Based on the overvoltage protector characteristic signal, the initial level of the overvoltage protector risk warning is matched. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtaining a mapping table of overvoltage protector characteristic signals and overvoltage protector risk warning initial levels pre-stored in a database, and finding a matching overvoltage protector risk warning initial level based on the overvoltage protector characteristic signals by searching the mapping table; Collect electrical characteristics information of overvoltage protectors connected to the grid, build an electrical characteristics model for connected grids, and output electrical risk impact factors of overvoltage protectors; Based on the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector and combined with the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector, the updated risk warning level of the overvoltage protector is obtained; Analyze the use environment of the overvoltage protector to obtain the use environment signal of the overvoltage protector, and match the overvoltage protector risk warning error level based on the use environment signal of the overvoltage protector; Based on the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level, the overvoltage protector risk warning level is obtained, and the overvoltage protector risk warning plan is determined.

2. The overvoltage protector risk warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical characteristic information of the overvoltage protector connected to the power grid is collected, the electrical characteristic model of the power grid is constructed, and the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector is output. The specific analysis process is as follows: Calculate the grid voltage variation frequency signal: ； Where, is the grid voltage variation frequency signal, is the maximum voltage during the monitoring period, is the minimum voltage during the monitoring period, is the number of voltage fluctuations during the monitoring period, is the duration of the monitoring period, is a natural constant; Obtain the average harmonic content of the power grid; Based on the grid voltage variation frequency signal and the grid average harmonic content, an electrical characteristic model of the access grid is constructed: ； Where, is the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector, is the average harmonic content of the power grid, The set grid voltage change frequency signal The compensation factor, For the setting compensation factor.

3. The overvoltage protector risk warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector and combined with the initial risk warning level of the overvoltage protector, the overvoltage protector risk warning update level is obtained. The specific analysis process is as follows: comparing the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector with a threshold value of the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector stored in a database; If the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector is not lower than the threshold value of the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector, the overvoltage protector risk warning correction level corresponding to the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector is -1; If the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector is lower than the threshold value of the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector, the overvoltage protector risk warning correction level corresponding to the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector is 1; The overvoltage protector risk warning sub-correction level is accumulated with the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning update level.

4. The overvoltage protector risk warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overvoltage protector use environment is analyzed to obtain an overvoltage protector use environment signal. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtaining overvoltage protector operating environment data, which specifically includes the maximum temperature of the overvoltage protector operating environment, the average humidity of the overvoltage protector operating environment, the dust concentration of the overvoltage protector operating environment, and the electromagnetic interference intensity of the overvoltage protector operating environment; Based on the acquired overvoltage protector usage environment data, a comprehensive analysis is performed to obtain an overvoltage protector usage environment signal, which is used as an analysis basis for matching the overvoltage protector risk warning error level; The specific calculation formula for the overvoltage protector using the environmental signal is: ； Where, Using ambient signal for overvoltage protector, The maximum operating temperature of the overvoltage protector. The average humidity of the environment where the overvoltage protector is used. For overvoltage protector use environmental dust concentration, For the overvoltage protector, use the environmental electromagnetic interference intensity. For the setting The compensation factor, For the setting The compensation factor, For the setting The compensation factor, For the setting The compensation factor, is a natural constant.

5. The overvoltage protector risk warning method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Based on the overvoltage protector use environment signal matching overvoltage protector risk warning error level, the specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain a mapping table of overvoltage protector usage environment signal-overvoltage protector risk warning error level pre-stored in the database, and find a matching overvoltage protector risk warning error level according to the overvoltage protector usage environment signal by searching the mapping table.

6. The overvoltage protector risk warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level, the overvoltage protector risk warning level is obtained, and the overvoltage protector risk warning plan is determined. The specific analysis process is as follows: The overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level are accumulated to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning level; Obtain an overvoltage protector risk warning level-overvoltage protector risk warning solution mapping table pre-stored in the database, and find a matching overvoltage protector risk warning solution according to the overvoltage protector risk warning level by searching the mapping table.

7. An overvoltage protector risk warning system, applied to an overvoltage protector risk warning method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes an electronic component usage factor acquisition module, a characteristic signal analysis module, a risk warning initial level matching module, an electrical risk impact factor output module, a risk warning update level acquisition module, a risk warning error level matching module and a risk warning scheme determination module, among which: The electronic component usage factor acquisition module is used to collect the usage data of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector and obtain the electronic component usage factor of the overvoltage protector; The characteristic signal analysis module is used to obtain the mechanical vibration characteristic data of the overvoltage protector and obtain the characteristic signal of the overvoltage protector in combination with the usage factor of the electronic components of the overvoltage protector; The risk warning initial level matching module is used to match the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level based on the overvoltage protector characteristic signal; The electrical risk impact factor output module is used to collect electrical characteristic information of the overvoltage protector connected to the power grid, build an electrical characteristic model of the power grid, and output the electrical risk impact factor of the overvoltage protector; The risk warning update level acquisition module is used to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning update level based on the overvoltage protector electrical risk impact factor and the overvoltage protector risk warning initial level; The risk warning error level matching module is used to analyze the use environment of the overvoltage protector, obtain the overvoltage protector use environment signal, and match the overvoltage protector risk warning error level based on the overvoltage protector use environment signal; The risk warning scheme determination module is used to obtain the overvoltage protector risk warning level and determine the overvoltage protector risk warning scheme based on the overvoltage protector risk warning update level and the overvoltage protector risk warning error level.

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