Method for preparing rice seedling raising substrate from graphite tailing sand

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing a rice seedling raising substrate by using graphite tailing sand, and relates to the technical field of rice seedling raising substrates, the method comprises the following steps: S1, raw material preparation: obtaining four raw materials of an organic matter raw material, a decomposition agent, graphite tailing sand and a biological accelerator; s2, raw material treatment: respectively pretreating the organic raw material and the graphite tailing sand, and further comprises the following steps: S3, material preparation: preparing the pretreated organic raw material in proportion, and adding a decomposition agent for fermentation to obtain an organic matter; and S4, stacking. The graphite tailing sand contains various mineral components and nutrients and can provide necessary nutrition for rice seedling raising, so that the rice seedlings are high in seeding emergence rate, strong in stalk growth vigor, developed in root system, uniform in planting, high in survival rate, fast in green turning, early in tillering, high in plant disease resistance, high in lodging resistance and relatively high in yield; the group growth vigor is uniform and consistent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rice seedling-raising substrates, and specifically to a method for preparing rice seedling-raising substrates using graphite tailings sand. Background Art

[0002] Graphite, also known as black lead, is an allotrope of carbon. Graphite is opaque and feels greasy, with colors ranging from iron black to steel gray. Its shape can be crystalline, flaky, scaly, striated, or laminated. Graphite has low hardness, stable chemical properties, and is not easily reactive with chemicals such as acids and alkalis. It is heat-resistant, corrosion-resistant, resistant to thermal shock, radiation-resistant, has high strength, good toughness, and also has physical and chemical properties such as self-lubrication, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity. It is widely used in fields such as metallurgy, machinery, electronics, military, national defense, aerospace, etc. Large flake graphite has more excellent lubrication, wear resistance, electrical and thermal conductivity, and anti-permeation properties, and plays a key role in high-end lubrication, sealing, and large-scale integrated circuit fields. Graphite can be extracted from graphite ore deposits or can be made from raw materials such as petroleum coke and pitch coke through a series of processing steps. Graphite can be used as an anti-wear agent and lubricant, and high-purity graphite is also used as a neutron moderator in atomic reactors. In addition, such materials can also be used to manufacture crucibles, electrodes, brushes, dry batteries, graphite fibers, heat exchangers, coolers, electric arc furnaces, arc lamps, and the leads of pencils, etc.

[0003] Graphite tailings sand is a waste generated during the mining and processing of graphite ore. During the mining process of graphite, a large amount of wastewater and tailings sand are produced through processes such as flotation, which are characterized by fine particle size, large quantity, and low cost.

[0004] A large amount of graphite tailings sand not only causes environmental pollution, occupies a large amount of land, and is prone to production safety problems, etc. These graphite tailings sands have become the main factors restricting the sustainable development of graphite enterprises. Exploring the resource utilization of graphite tailings sand is an effective way to solve this contradiction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the invention provided by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a rice seedling raising substrate using graphite tailings sand. It can improve the fertility of the substrate and the seedling raising effect. The graphite tailings sand contains various mineral components and nutrients, which can provide necessary nutrition for rice seedling raising, resulting in a high seeding and emergence rate of rice seedlings, strong stem growth, developed roots, uniform transplanting, high survival rate, quick greening, early tillering, strong disease resistance and lodging resistance of the plants, high yield, uniform growth of the population, and resource recycling. By using graphite tailings sand to prepare the seedling raising substrate, the accumulation of tailings can be effectively reduced, the occupation of land and environmental pollution can be reduced. In addition, it can also reduce the dependence on traditional soil in agricultural production, protect natural soil resources, improve the substrate performance. The graphite tailings sand has the characteristics of fine particle size and complex composition, containing a certain amount of mineral components and nutrients, which can provide necessary nutrition for rice seedling raising. In addition, after being treated, the graphite tailings sand can improve the physical properties of the substrate, such as air permeability and water retention, thus creating good conditions for seed germination and seedling growth, reducing production costs. The graphite tailings sand is widely sourced and inexpensive. Using it to prepare the seedling raising substrate can significantly reduce the substrate cost in agricultural production and promote the sustainable development of agriculture. The resource utilization of graphite tailings sand provides a new raw material source for agricultural production and helps to promote the green and sustainable development of agriculture.

[0006] To achieve the above effects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A method for preparing a rice seedling raising substrate using graphite tailings sand, comprising the following steps: Step 1, raw material preparation: Obtain four raw materials, namely organic matter raw materials, decomposing agents, graphite tailings sand and biological promoters; Step 2, raw material treatment: Pretreat the organic matter raw materials and the graphite tailings sand respectively; It further includes the following steps: Step 3, preparing materials: Prepare the pretreated organic matter raw materials in proportion and add decomposing agents for fermentation to obtain organic matter; Step 4, stacking: Mix the organic matter, graphite tailings sand and biological promoter evenly in proportion and then stack them to obtain the seedling raising substrate.

[0007] Further, in step S1, the organic matter raw materials include crop straws, livestock and poultry manure and organic matter residues, the decomposing agents include fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes, and the biological promoter is a silicate bacteria microorganism.

[0008] Further, in step S2, the treatment of the organic matter raw materials includes crushing and drying, and the treatment of the graphite tailings sand includes screening, cleaning and chemical treatment.

[0009] Further, in step S3, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic raw material is 25-30:1, the moisture content of the organic raw material is 60%-70%, and the content of the composting agent is 0.0001 / t.

[0010] Further, in step S3, the fermentation is aerobic fermentation, and the fermentation methods include tank type, trough type, and windrow type.

[0011] Further, in step S3, when the temperature of the organic raw material reaches above 45°C, the material is turned, and the number of turnings is 3-4 times.

[0012] Further, in step S4, the proportions of graphite tailings sand in the seedling-raising substrate are 20-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70, 71-81, and 81-90 parts respectively.

[0013] Further, in step S4, the proportions of the organic raw material in the seedling-raising substrate are 5-10, 11-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, and 61-70 parts respectively.

[0014] Further, in step S4, the proportions of the biological promoter in the seedling-raising substrate are 1-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-30, 30-35, and 35-40 parts respectively.

[0015] Further, in step S4, the stacking days of the seedling-raising substrate are 10-20 days.

[0016] The present invention provides a method for preparing a rice seedling-raising substrate using graphite tailings sand, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) Improve the fertility of the substrate and the seedling-raising effect. The graphite tailings sand contains various mineral components and nutrients, which can provide necessary nutrition for rice seedling-raising, resulting in a high seeding and emergence rate of rice seedlings, strong stem growth, developed roots, uniform transplanting, high survival rate, quick greening, early tillering, strong disease resistance and lodging resistance of the plants, high yield, and uniform growth of the population. (2) Resource recycling. By using graphite tailings sand to prepare the seedling-raising substrate, the accumulation of tailings can be effectively reduced, the occupation of land and environmental pollution can be reduced. In addition, it can also reduce the dependence on traditional soil in agricultural production and protect natural soil resources.

[0017] (3) Improve the substrate performance. The graphite tailings sand has the characteristics of fine particle size and complex composition, and contains a certain amount of mineral components and nutrients, which can provide necessary nutrition for rice seedling-raising. In addition, after being treated, the graphite tailings sand can improve the physical properties of the substrate, such as air permeability and water retention, thus creating good conditions for seed germination and seedling growth.

[0018] (4) Reduce production costs. Graphite tailings sand is widely sourced and inexpensive. Using it to prepare the seedling-raising substrate can significantly reduce the substrate cost in agricultural production.

[0019] (5) Promote the sustainable development of agriculture. The resource utilization of graphite tailings sand provides a new source of raw materials for agricultural production, contributing to the promotion of the green and sustainable development of agriculture. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for preparing a rice seedling-raising substrate using graphite tailings sand according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a comparison chart of the growth of rice seedlings in the seedling-raising substrate prepared with tailings sand in a method for preparing a rice seedling-raising substrate using graphite tailings sand according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a comparison chart of the paddy field yield of seedlings in the tailings sand substrate in a method for preparing a rice seedling-raising substrate using graphite tailings sand according to the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for preparing a rice seedling-raising substrate using graphite tailings sand, comprising the following steps: Step 1, raw material preparation: Obtain four raw materials, namely organic raw materials, a ripening agent, graphite tailings sand, and a biological promoter; Step 2, raw material treatment: Pretreat the organic raw materials and graphite tailings sand separately; It further includes the following steps: Step 3, prepare the materials: Prepare the pretreated organic raw materials in proportion and add a ripening agent for fermentation to obtain organic matter; Step 4, stacking: Stack the organic matter, graphite tailings sand, and biological promoter after thoroughly mixing them evenly in proportion to obtain the seedling-raising substrate.

[0022] Specifically, in step S1, the organic raw materials include crop straws, livestock and poultry manure, and organic waste materials, the ripening agent includes fungi, bacteria, and actinomycetes, and the biological promoter is a silicate bacteria microorganism.

[0023] Specifically, in step S2, the treatment of organic raw materials includes crushing and drying, and the treatment of graphite tailings sand includes screening, cleaning, and chemical treatment.

[0024] Specifically, in step S3, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic raw materials is 25 - 30:1, the moisture content of the organic raw materials is 60% - 70%, and the content of the ripening agent is 0.0001 / t.

[0025] Specifically, in step S3, the fermentation is aerobic fermentation, and the fermentation methods include tank type, trough type, and windrow type.

[0026] Specifically, in step S3, when the temperature of the organic matter raw material reaches above 45°C, the material is turned, and the number of turning times is 3 to 4 times.

[0027] Specifically, in step S4, the proportions of graphite tailings sand in the seedling-raising substrate are 20 - 30, 31 - 40, 41 - 50, 51 - 60, 61 - 70, 71 - 81, and 81 - 90 parts respectively.

[0028] Specifically, in step S4, the proportions of organic matter raw materials in the seedling-raising substrate are 5 - 10, 11 - 20, 21 - 30, 31 - 40, 41 - 50, 51 - 60, and 61 - 70 parts respectively.

[0029] Specifically, in step S4, the proportions of biological promoters in the seedling-raising substrate are 1 - 5, 5 - 10, 10 - 15, 15 - 20, 20 - 30, 30 - 35, and 35 - 40 parts respectively.

[0030] Specifically, in step S4, the stacking days of the seedling-raising substrate are 10 - 20 days.

[0031] The present invention provides a method for preparing a rice seedling-raising substrate using graphite tailings sand, including the following steps: A method for preparing a rice seedling-raising substrate using graphite tailings sand, including the following steps: Step 1. Raw material preparation: Obtain four raw materials, namely organic matter raw materials, composting agents, graphite tailings sand, and biological promoters. The organic matter raw materials include crop straws, livestock and poultry manure, and organic matter residues. The composting agents include fungi, bacteria, and actinomycetes. The biological promoter is a silicate bacteria microorganism.

[0032] The graphite tailings sand selected is of moderate particle size (with a particle size between 0.1 - 2 mm) and low impurity content.

[0033] Step 2. Raw material treatment: Pretreat the organic matter raw materials and graphite tailings sand respectively. The treatment of organic matter raw materials includes crushing and drying, and the treatment of graphite tailings sand includes screening, cleaning, and chemical treatment.

[0034] Treatment of organic matter materials: Crushing: Crush the organic matter materials so that their particle size is less than 5 mm for sufficient mixing with graphite tailings sand.

[0035] Drying: Ensure that the moisture content of the organic matter materials is lower than 10%.

[0036] Pretreatment of graphite tailings sand: Screening: Screen the graphite tailings sand with a sieve to remove large particles and impurities.

[0037] Washing: Rinse the graphite tailings sand with clean water to remove the floating dust and residual graphite particles on the surface, and then dry it.

[0038] Chemical treatment: Chemically treat the graphite tailings sand with dilute hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide solution to remove harmful substances (such as heavy metal ions) therein. The treated graphite tailings sand needs to be rinsed clean with clean water until the pH value is close to neutral.

[0039] It also includes the following steps: Step 3. Prepare materials: Prepare the pretreated organic raw materials in proportion and add a ripening agent for fermentation to obtain organic matter. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic raw materials is 25 - 30:1, the moisture content of the organic raw materials is 60% - 70%, the content of the ripening agent is 0.0001 / t, the fermentation is aerobic fermentation, the fermentation methods include tank type, trough type, and windrow type. When the temperature of the organic raw materials reaches above 45°C, turn the materials, and the number of turning times is 3 - 4 times.

[0040] The carbon-nitrogen ratio of 25 - 30:1 means 25 - 30 parts of carbon source and 1 part of nitrogen source. After fermentation, the color of the materials turns dark brown and odorless, and the organic matter content is ≥ 30%. It can be used as the raw material for the rice seedling raising substrate. At the same time, various food organic waste residues, edible fungi, furfural residues, cassava residues, etc. can be used. Through the harmless treatment of biological fermentation, the organic matter is turned into organic matter.

[0041] Step 4. Stacking: Thoroughly mix the organic matter, graphite tailings sand, and biological promoter in proportion and then stack them to obtain the rice seedling raising substrate. The proportions of graphite tailings sand in the rice seedling raising substrate are 20 - 30, 31 - 40, 41 - 50, 51 - 60, 61 - 70, 71 - 81, 81 - 90 parts respectively; the proportions of organic raw materials in the rice seedling raising substrate are 5 - 10, 11 - 20, 21 - 30, 31 - 40, 41 - 50, 51 - 60, 61 - 70 parts respectively; the proportions of biological promoter in the rice seedling raising substrate are 1 - 5, 5 - 10, 10 - 15, 15 - 20, 20 - 30, 30 - 35, 35 - 40 parts respectively. The stacking days of the rice seedling raising substrate are 10 - 20 days.

[0042] The biological promoter is mainly composed of silicate bacteria microorganisms. During the microbial activity process, part of the organic matter is transformed into small molecule humic acid, humic acid, organic acid, amino acid and other substances. These organic acid substances are adsorbed on the surface of the tailings sand particles to form aggregates, thus improving the sandy soil into soil and becoming the rice seedling raising substrate.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a rice seedling raising substrate using graphite tailings sand, comprising the following steps: S1. Raw material preparation: obtain four raw materials: organic raw materials, composting agent, graphite tailings sand and biological promoter; S2, raw material processing: pre-processing the organic raw materials and graphite tailings sand respectively; It is characterized in that it also includes the following steps: S3, preparing materials: preparing the pretreated organic raw materials according to proportions, and adding a composting agent for fermentation to obtain organic matter; S4, stacking: the organic matter, graphite tailings sand and biological promoter are fully and evenly mixed according to proportion and then stacked to obtain a seedling raising medium.

2. A method for preparing a rice seedling substrate using graphite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the organic raw materials include crop straw, livestock and poultry manure and organic residues, the composting agents include fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes, and the biological promoter is silicate bacterial microorganisms.

3. A method for preparing a rice seedling substrate using graphite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the organic raw material processing includes crushing and drying, and the graphite tailings sand processing includes screening, washing, and chemical treatment.

4. A method for preparing a rice seedling raising substrate using graphite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the organic raw material is 25-30:1, the moisture content of the organic raw material is 60%-70%, and the content of the composting agent is 0.0001 / t.

5. A method for preparing a rice seedling raising substrate using graphite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the fermentation is aerobic fermentation, and the fermentation methods include tank type, tank type, and strip pile type.

6. A method for preparing a rice seedling substrate using graphite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, when the temperature of the organic raw material reaches above 45°C, the raw material is turned over, and the number of turning times is 3 to 4 times.

7. A method for preparing a rice seedling substrate using graphite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the proportion of graphite tailings sand in the seedling raising matrix is ​​20-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70, 71-81, and 81-90 parts respectively.

8. A method for preparing a rice seedling substrate using graphite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the proportion of organic raw materials in the seedling raising medium is 5-10, 11-20, 21-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70 parts respectively.

9. A method for preparing a rice seedling substrate using graphite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the proportion of the biological promoter in the seedling raising matrix is ​​1-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-30, 30-35, 35-40 parts respectively.

10. The method for preparing a rice seedling substrate using graphite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the seedling raising substrate is stacked for 10 to 20 days.

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