Flexible airtight material with high interlayer bonding strength as well as preparation method and application of flexible airtight material

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible airtight material with high interlayer bonding strength as well as a preparation method and application of the flexible airtight material. The flexible airtight material provided by the invention is formed by compounding a fabric reinforcement and an airtight film, the fabric reinforcement is obtained by weaving yarns and thermofuses. According to the flexible airtight material, the bonding strength between the inner layer and the outer layer is high, the material has good flexibility, stretchability, tearability, airtightness and safety, the preparation method of the material is simple in process and convenient to operate, and the time cost, the labor cost and the raw material cost for preparing an existing flexible airtight material are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of flexible airtight composite materials, and particularly relates to a flexible airtight material with high interlayer adhesion strength, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Compared with traditional rigid support structures, inflatable structures have the characteristics of low gas density, fluidity and compressibility. To a certain extent, they combine the characteristics of solids and fluids at the same time, and can be regarded as composite materials with special properties. In addition, inflatable structures also have the advantages of portability, variable stiffness, light weight, high reliability, etc., and can solve the performance limitations of traditional rigid structures. Inflatable structures are usually made of flexible airtight materials.

[0003] Flexible airtight materials are mainly composed of an inner airtight layer and an outer fabric reinforcement bonded together by an adhesive or a bonding resin. Among them, the outer fabric reinforcement is usually made of high-strength fibers to provide functions such as high mechanical strength, wear resistance and weather resistance. Selecting materials such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and carbon fiber can also play a role in weight reduction; the inner airtight layer is made of materials such as polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, and polytetrafluoroethylene to provide excellent airtightness. The bonding effect between the inner and outer layers is usually affected by the physical properties of the inner and outer layer materials. Due to the surface inertness of lightweight materials such as polyethylene and carbon fiber, the bonding effect between the inner airtight layer and the outer fabric reinforcement is poor, and the airtightness of the flexible airtight product made therefrom is not good, affecting the product quality.

[0004] In view of the above problems, various solutions have been proposed in the prior art. For example, CN109208338A discloses a method for preparing a composite film using ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene as a reinforcing body. First, the yarn is subjected to plasma treatment, and then the yarn is sized using a sizing composition containing one or more solutions selected from alcohols, epoxy resins, solutions containing urethane groups (-NHCOO-), or isocyanates to increase the surface energy of the yarn. Then, the polymer pellets are melt-extruded by a screw extruder and uniformly coated on the surface of the fabric, and the composite film is obtained after cooling and curing. CN113957717A provides a method for improving the surface adhesion performance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers. It uses a three-bath sizing method to perform three sizing treatments on the fibers. The sizing solution in the first bath uses a water-based epoxy resin, dimethylpyrazole-blocked isocyanate, and an acidic metal oxidation catalyst to etch the fiber surface, and at the same time increase the wetting degree of the epoxy resin and isocyanate; the sizing solution in the second bath uses a water-based mixture of zinc methacrylate or zinc acrylate to further coat a layer of metal acrylate salt on the fiber surface; the sizing solution in the third bath uses a mixed solution of an aqueous solution of resin and latex formed by the polycondensation reaction of a precondensed resin and a furfural solution to form a phenolic resin-latex impregnation layer on the outermost layer of the fiber. This method can effectively enhance the interfacial adhesion performance between ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and rubber. CN115449097A proposes a method for improving the interfacial adhesion of aramid fiber (AF)-reinforced rubber composites by biomimetic surface modification and aramid nanofiber (ANF) coating. By polymerizing tannic acid (TA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) in an alkaline solution, a TA / PEI (TP) thin layer is formed and deposited on the surface of the aramid fiber, introducing functional groups such as hydroxyl and amino groups. The ANF coating is used to construct a nanostructure on the surface of the aramid fiber to improve the interfacial adhesion between the fiber and the rubber.

[0005] As can be seen from the above, most of the prior art solves the problem of poor adhesion of flexible airtight materials due to the surface inertia of fibers through surface treatment methods. However, the surface treatment methods will increase the production process, raise the time cost, labor cost, and raw material cost, and some of the materials used in the surface treatment methods have certain toxicity and pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a flexible airtight material with high interlayer adhesion strength and a preparation method thereof. The flexible airtight material has high interlayer adhesion strength between the inner and outer layers, and the material has good flexibility, stretchability, tear resistance, airtightness, and safety. Moreover, the preparation method of the material has a simple process and is convenient to operate, greatly reducing the time cost, labor cost, and raw material cost of the preparation of existing flexible airtight materials.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a flexible airtight material, which is composed of a fabric reinforcement and an airtight film; the fabric reinforcement is obtained by weaving a yarn and a hot melt filament.

[0009] The yarn is one or more of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, carbon fiber, polyester, and nylon with a melting point of 130 - 200 °C.

[0010] The hot melt filament is made of one of polyurethane, nylon, and polyester with a melting point of 90 - 110 °C.

[0011] The fabric reinforcement is a woven fabric or a knitted fabric.

[0012] The fabric reinforcement is prepared in one of the following ways:

[0013] 1) Interweaving the yarn and the hot melt filament with different fabric structures to obtain the fabric reinforcement;

[0014] 2) Making the hot melt filament and the yarn into a core-spun yarn or a sheath-core yarn, and then weaving to obtain the fabric reinforcement.

[0015] In the above method 1), the yarn and the hot melt filament are used as warp and weft, arranged at intervals for weaving to make a woven fabric and obtain the fabric reinforcement; exemplarily, the fabric structure can be a plain weave structure, a twill weave structure, etc. Or, using the yarn as the face yarn and the hot melt filament as the ground yarn, and using the filling yarn process for weaving to make a knitted fabric and obtain the fabric reinforcement.

[0016] In the above method 2), winding the hot melt filament on the surface of the yarn to obtain a core-spun yarn, or melting the hot melt filament and coating it on the surface of the yarn to form a hot melt layer to obtain a sheath-core yarn, and then weaving the core-spun yarn or the sheath-core yarn to obtain the fabric reinforcement.

[0017] In the flexible airtight material, the material of the airtight film is one of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polytetrafluoroethylene (PDFE), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) with a melting point of 130 - 160 °C.

[0018] The thickness of the airtight film is 0.05 - 1 mm.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a preparation method of the flexible airtight material, including the following steps: thermally pressing and laminating the fabric reinforcement and the airtight film to obtain it.

[0020] The hot pressing and compounding can be realized by high-temperature vulcanization equipment, flat hot pressing equipment, roll laminating machines, etc.

[0021] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a flexible airtight product made of the flexible airtight material.

[0022] The flexible airtight product can be an inflatable structure product, such as an inflatable tent, a hyperbaric oxygen chamber, an inflatable rescue boat, etc.

[0023] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0024] By adding hot melt filaments to the fabric and utilizing the property that it generates adhesiveness when melted, the present invention enables it to serve as both an adhesive between the outer fabric reinforcement and the inner airtight layer in the flexible airtight material product and an adhesive between yarns in the outer fabric reinforcement. Through these two aspects of action, the bonding strength between the inner and outer layers, as well as the tensile and tear properties of the flexible airtight material, can be significantly improved, effectively solving the problem of the application of lightweight materials with surface inertness such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and carbon fiber in flexible airtight products. At the same time, by introducing hot melt filaments into the fabric, it is also possible to avoid the problems of more processes, higher time costs, labor costs, and raw material costs, as well as the toxicity and pollution of surface treatment materials brought about by the existing fabric surface treatment process. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the woven fabric obtained in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the knitted fabric obtained in Example 2.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the core-spun yarn obtained in Example 3.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the skin-core yarn obtained in Example 4.

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the flexible airtight material provided in Example 5. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0031] The experimental methods used in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0032] The reagents, materials, instruments, etc. used in the following embodiments can all be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0033] The melting point of the yarn used in the following examples is between 130 - 200 °C.

[0034] The melting point of the hot melt filament used in the following examples is between 90 - 110 °C.

[0035] The melting point of the airtight film material used in the following examples is between 130 - 160 °C.

[0036] Example 1. Preparation of a fabric reinforcement with high bonding strength (a plain weave fabric of basket weave)

[0037] The specific operation is as follows:

[0038] Arrange the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene yarn with a linear density of 800D and the polyurethane hot melt filament with a diameter of 0.12mm in an alternating pattern to form warp and weft yarns; then weave the warp and weft yarns to obtain a 2 / 2 basket weave fabric.

[0039] The structure is as Figure 1 shown. In the obtained fabric, each square contains 1 ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene yarn and 1 polyurethane hot melt filament. The polyurethane hot melt filament is presented on the fabric surface according to a certain pattern and density, thus improving the bonding strength of the fabric surface.

[0040] Example 2. Preparation of a fabric reinforcement with high bonding strength (a knitted fabric of plain stitch)

[0041] The specific operation is as follows:

[0042] Thread an 800D ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene yarn into one yarn guide on a computerized flat knitting machine as the face yarn, and thread a polyurethane hot melt filament with a diameter of 0.12mm into another yarn guide as the ground yarn, and use the inlay structure to knit a plain stitch fabric.

[0043] The structure is as Figure 2 shown. The front of the obtained fabric presents a polyethylene fabric, and the back presents a polyurethane hot melt filament. The back of the fabric has high bonding strength.

[0044] Example 3. Preparation of a fabric reinforcement with high bonding strength (core-spun yarn)

[0045] The specific operation is as follows:

[0046] Use the polyurethane hot melt filament with a diameter of 0.12mm as the core-spun yarn and wind it around the surface of an 800D ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene core yarn to obtain a core-spun yarn with high bonding strength. The structure is as Figure 3 shown; then use the core-spun yarn for weaving to obtain a basket weave fabric. Both sides of the obtained fabric have high bonding strength.

[0047] Example 4. Preparation of a fabric reinforcement with high bonding strength (skin-core yarn)

[0048] The specific operations are as follows:

[0049] Melt the polyurethane hot melt yarn to obtain a polyurethane slurry, and then use the polyurethane slurry to coat the 800D ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene core yarn so that a hot melt layer is wrapped on its surface as the skin layer. After curing, a core-sheath structured yarn with high bonding strength is obtained, and the structure is as shown in Figure 4 the figure; then use the core-sheath structured yarn for weaving to obtain a plain-weave fabric. Both sides of the obtained fabric have high bonding strength.

[0050] Example 5. Preparation of a flexible airtight material with high bonding strength

[0051] The specific operations are as follows:

[0052] Respectively compound the fabric reinforcements obtained in the above Examples 1-4 with a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) airtight film with a thickness of 0.15 mm by hot pressing at 120 °C for 30 s to obtain a flexible airtight material with high interfacial bonding strength, and the structure is as shown in Figure 5 the figure.

[0053] Comparative example

[0054] The difference from Example 5 is that only the 800D ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene yarn is used for weaving to obtain a plain-weave fabric as the fabric reinforcement, and then the obtained plain-weave fabric is compounded with a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) airtight film with a thickness of 0.15 mm by hot pressing at 120 °C for 30 s to obtain a flexible airtight material.

[0055] Effect verification

[0056] Test the various properties of the 4 flexible airtight materials obtained in Example 5 and the flexible airtight material obtained in the comparative example.

[0057] Test standards for various properties: Tensile strength is carried out according to the standard of GB / T 3923.1-2013; Tear strength is carried out according to the standard of GB / T 3917.3; Peel strength is carried out according to the standard of GB / T 2791-1995.

[0058] The information and product properties are shown in Table 1.

[0059] Table 1 Product properties

[0060]

[0061] As can be seen from Table 1, the fabric reinforcement made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene yarn and polyurethane hot melt filament can significantly improve the bonding strength between the inner and outer layers, as well as the tensile strength and tear strength of the flexible airtight material. Therefore, it can effectively solve the problems in the application of lightweight materials such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and carbon fiber in flexible airtight products. At the same time, the preparation method of this flexible airtight material is relatively simple in the preparation of materials with the same performance, which is conducive to large-scale production.

[0062] Although the present invention has been described in detail with general descriptions and specific embodiments above, based on the present invention, some modifications or improvements can be made, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible airtight material, which is composed of a fabric reinforcement and an airtight film; the fabric reinforcement is obtained by weaving yarns and hot-melt filaments.

2. The flexible airtight material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the yarn is one or more of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, carbon fiber, polyester, and nylon with a melting point of 130-200 °C.

3. The flexible airtight material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the hot-melt filament is made of one of polyurethane, nylon, and polyester with a melting point of 90-110 °C.

4. The flexible airtight material according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the fabric reinforcement is prepared in one of the following ways: 1) Interweaving the yarn and the hot-melt filament with different fabric structures to obtain the fabric reinforcement; 2) Making the hot-melt filament and the yarn into core-spun yarns or sheath-core yarns, and then weaving to obtain the fabric reinforcement.

5. The flexible airtight material according to claim 4, characterized in that: In method 1): The yarn and the hot-melt filament are used as warp and weft, and are woven at intervals to make a woven fabric to obtain the fabric reinforcement; Or, using the yarn as the face yarn and the hot-melt filament as the ground yarn, and using the filling yarn process for weaving to make a knitted fabric to obtain the fabric reinforcement.

6. The flexible airtight material according to claim 4, characterized in that: In method 2): Winding the hot-melt filament on the surface of the yarn to obtain core-spun yarns, or melting the hot-melt filament and coating it on the surface of the yarn to form a hot-melt layer to obtain sheath-core yarns, and then weaving the core-spun yarns or the sheath-core yarns to obtain the fabric reinforcement.

7. The flexible airtight material according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: the airtight film is made of one of thermoplastic polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer with a melting point of 130-160 °C; the thickness of the airtight film is 0.05-1 mm.

8. The preparation method of the flexible airtight material according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: thermally pressing and laminating the fabric reinforcement and the airtight film to obtain it.

9. A flexible airtight product, characterized in that: it is made of the flexible airtight material according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. The flexible airtight product according to claim 9, characterized in that: the flexible airtight product is an inflatable structure product.

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