Highly waterproof concrete preparation

Abstract

The invention provides a highly waterproof concrete preparation, and belongs to the technical field of concrete, the highly waterproof concrete preparation comprises the following components: cement, silica fume, desulfurized gypsum, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, a self-repairing waterproof agent, a thickening composition, a water reducing agent and water; wherein the self-repairing waterproof agent is prepared from polyferric sulfate, ammonium sulfate, polyacrylamide, water, pretreated bentonite, diatomite, zinc stearate and sodium methyl silicate; the thickening composition is prepared from nano silicon dioxide, nano aluminum oxide, 5-hexenoic acid, methacrylic acid, water, sodium persulfate, vitamin C, thiourea dioxide and polyvinyl alcohol. The concrete preparation disclosed by the invention has excellent waterproofness, compactness, impermeability and self-repairing effect, and is free of bleeding and segregation, simple and convenient in preparation process, wide in raw material source and low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of concrete, and particularly relates to a highly waterproof concrete preparation. Background Art

[0002] In the modern construction industry, as one of the most important building materials, the performance of concrete directly affects the safety, durability, and service life of buildings. However, traditional concrete often shows poor protection ability when facing water erosion, chemical corrosion, and extreme climate conditions. This problem is particularly prominent in application scenarios with high waterproof requirements, such as underground engineering, bridge construction, and marine environments. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a highly waterproof concrete preparation. Highly waterproof concrete can not only effectively prevent the intrusion of moisture and harmful substances, but also improve the overall durability of the structure and reduce maintenance costs.

[0003] Existing methods for preparing highly waterproof concrete mainly include adding waterproof materials, using special cements, and optimizing the aggregate ratio. Adding waterproof materials is one of the most commonly used methods at present. By adding waterproof materials such as silanes, fatty acid salts, or polymer emulsions during the concrete mixing process, the waterproof property of concrete can be enhanced. Among them, silane-based waterproof materials can react with hydroxide ions in concrete to form a durable waterproof film, effectively preventing water from entering; fatty acid salt-based waterproof materials can generate insoluble calcium soaps during the cement hydration process, filling the internal pores of concrete and reducing the seepage channels; while polymer emulsion waterproof materials can form a continuous film on the concrete surface or penetrate into the internal pores of concrete and cure, thereby improving the overall impermeability. Using special cements is also a way to improve the waterproof property of concrete. For example, special cements such as sulfoaluminate cement and ferroaluminate cement have good impermeability and corrosion resistance; due to its special mineral composition, sulfoaluminate cement can form fewer and finer pore structures during hydration, greatly reducing the permeability of concrete. Optimizing the aggregate ratio is also an important means to improve the waterproof property of concrete. By reasonably adjusting the sand and gravel ratio and particle gradation, the generation of internal pores and cracks in concrete can be effectively reduced, its density can be increased, and the possibility of moisture and other harmful substances invading can be reduced.

[0004] Although the above methods have achieved results in improving the waterproof performance of concrete, there are still some limitations and challenges. For example, the effect of adding waterproof materials often depends on the uniform distribution during the construction process, which easily leads to poor local protection effect and non-durable waterproof effect. Especially when exposed to harsh environments for a long time, the waterproof layer is easily damaged, resulting in a gradual weakening of its protection effect over time; although using special cement can improve the impermeability of concrete, due to its high cost and strict construction requirements, it limits its wide application in different scenarios; improving the compactness of concrete by adjusting the aggregate ratio faces the difficult problem of how to ensure the balance between the workability and strength of concrete, especially in the case of high fluidity requirements, this contradiction is particularly prominent. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of high waterproof concrete preparation to improve the comprehensive performance of concrete, which not only has excellent waterproof performance but also takes into account good construction performance, durability and economy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a high waterproof concrete preparation. By adjusting the dosage ratios of cementitious materials such as cement, silica fume, and desulfurized gypsum, as well as fine aggregates and coarse aggregates, and adding specific thickening compositions and self-healing waterproof agents, the concrete has excellent waterproofness, compactness, impermeability, and self-healing effects.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a high waterproof concrete preparation, which is composed of the following components: 60 - 80 parts by weight of cement, 15 - 25 parts by weight of silica fume, 5 - 15 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum, 50 - 70 parts by weight of fine aggregates, 25 - 35 parts by weight of coarse aggregates, 2 - 7 parts by weight of self-healing waterproof agent, 1 - 5 parts by weight of thickening composition, 1 - 3 parts by weight of water reducer, 25 - 35 parts by weight of water.

[0007] The concrete preparation prepared by the present invention adjusts the dosage ratios of cementitious materials such as cement, silica fume, and desulfurized gypsum, as well as fine aggregates and coarse aggregates. Among them, the cementitious materials are slightly higher, the sand ratio is relatively large, and the amount of coarse aggregates is relatively reduced. Moreover, by adding a thickening composition, it ensures that the concrete has sufficient fluidity, viscosity, and uniformity, does not bleed or segregate, and at the same time has the function of self-curing, meeting the requirements of labor saving, resource saving, and energy saving in many aspects.

[0008] Preferably, the preparation method of the self-healing waterproof agent includes the following steps: Add 3-6 parts by weight of sodium bentonite to 80-150 parts by weight of magnesium nitrate aqueous solution, perform ultrasonic treatment, then heat and stir, cool, filter, dry, crush and sieve to obtain pretreated bentonite; add 2-4 parts by weight of polymeric ferric sulfate, 25-35 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 0.5-0.8 parts by weight of polyacrylamide to 120-180 parts by weight of water, heat and stir, cool, and then add 2-4 parts by weight of pretreated bentonite, 1-2 parts by weight of diatomite, 1-1.5 parts by weight of zinc stearate, 0.2-0.4 parts by weight of sodium methyl silicate and continue to stir to obtain a self-healing waterproof agent.

[0009] By adding the self-healing waterproof agent prepared by the above method, the waterproof property and impermeability of concrete can be effectively improved, and good compressive strength can be maintained. Among them, the pretreatment process of sodium bentonite in magnesium nitrate solution is crucial. Ultrasonic treatment can ensure the full dispersion of bentonite particles, avoid agglomeration, and at the same time promote its effective contact with magnesium nitrate solution, enhance the reaction activity, and partial exchange of interlayer cations magnesium ions in the bentonite layer, changing the swelling property and interlayer structure of bentonite, enhancing its water absorption and water retention capacity. The obtained pretreated bentonite has a higher specific surface area and more excellent adsorption performance. These characteristics enable it to form a denser microstructure in concrete, effectively prevent water penetration, and have a strong self-healing effect on microcracks in concrete, playing a dual waterproof role for concrete. In the process of preparing the self-healing waterproof agent, polymeric ferric sulfate as a flocculant not only helps to improve the system stability, but also enhances the compactness of the internal structure of concrete, reduces the porosity. Polyacrylamide increases the viscosity of the mixture, ensures good compatibility and uniform distribution among components, and enhances the waterproof and impermeability efficacy of the system. Diatomite further increases the overall specific surface area, improves the water absorption capacity and adsorption performance. Zinc stearate improves the lubricity and hydrophobicity of the material, reducing the possibility of water molecules entering the interior of concrete. Sodium methyl silicate reacts with cement hydration products to form water-insoluble calcium silicate, filling the tiny pores inside concrete and further enhancing the impermeability.

[0010] Furthermore, the preparation method of the self-healing waterproof agent includes the following steps: Add 3-6 parts by weight of sodium bentonite to 80-150 parts by weight of a 10-12 wt% magnesium nitrate aqueous solution. Under the conditions of an ultrasonic power of 200-350 W and an ultrasonic frequency of 30-40 kHz, perform ultrasonic treatment for 5-15 min. Then, stir at 65-75 °C and 400-600 rpm for 4-6 h. Cool to room temperature, filter, dry, and pulverize, then pass through a 150-250 mesh sieve to obtain pretreated bentonite. Add 2-4 parts by weight of polymeric ferric sulfate, 25-35 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, and 0.5-0.8 part by weight of polyacrylamide to 120-180 parts by weight of water. Stir at 50-55 °C and 50-100 rpm for 3-8 min. Cool to room temperature, then add 2-4 parts by weight of the pretreated bentonite, 1-2 parts by weight of diatomite, 1-1.5 parts by weight of zinc stearate, and 0.2-0.4 part by weight of sodium methyl silicate and continue stirring for 10-30 min to obtain a self-healing waterproof agent.

[0011] The present invention also adds a specific thickening composition to ensure that the concrete has sufficient fluidity, does not bleed water, and further improves the impermeability of the concrete. During the preparation of the thickening composition, 5-hexenoic acid and methacrylic acid are used as polymerization monomers, and a free radical polymerization reaction occurs under the redox system composed of sodium persulfate and vitamin C to generate polymers. These polymer molecular chains entangle around the cement particles, playing a steric hindrance stabilization role. At the same time, they can adsorb a large amount of water to form a water film layer, endowing the concrete with excellent fluidity and plastic retention. Thiourea dioxide adjusts the redox potential of the system, which helps to control the polymerization reaction rate. Polyvinyl alcohol increases the viscosity of the system, and due to its good film-forming property and hydrophilicity, it can form a continuous phase inside the concrete, further enhancing the overall density and impermeability. Nano-silica and nano-aluminum oxide, due to their extremely high specific surface area and surface activity, can form a three-dimensional network structure inside the concrete, enhancing the interaction force between particles, thereby improving the cohesiveness and water retention of the paste and preventing segregation and bleeding. The thickening composition realizes high strength, high fluidity, and excellent impermeability of the concrete through the synergistic effect among its components.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of the thickening composition includes the following steps: Add 30-50 parts by weight of nano-silica, 10-20 parts by weight of nano-aluminum oxide, 20-30 parts by weight of 5-hexenoic acid, and 5-15 parts by weight of methacrylic acid to 120-160 parts by weight of water, perform ultrasonic treatment, then sequentially add 0.5-0.8 part by weight of sodium persulfate and 0.3-0.5 part by weight of vitamin C and stir, and then sequentially add 0.4-0.6 part by weight of thiourea dioxide and 0.2-0.5 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and continue stirring to obtain the thickening composition.

[0013] Further, the preparation method of the thickening composition comprises the following steps: Add 30-50 parts by weight of nano-silica, 10-20 parts by weight of nano-alumina, 20-30 parts by weight of 5-hexenoic acid, and 5-15 parts by weight of methacrylic acid into 120-160 parts by weight of water, and perform ultrasonic treatment for 20-30 min under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 200-350 W and ultrasonic frequency of 30-40 kHz. Then, add 0.5-0.8 parts by weight of sodium persulfate and 0.3-0.5 parts by weight of vitamin C in sequence, and stir for 30-50 min at 25-30 °C and 400-600 rpm. Then, add 0.4-0.6 parts by weight of thiourea dioxide and 0.2-0.5 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol in sequence and continue to stir for 3-6 h to obtain the thickening composition.

[0014] Preferably, the cement is portland cement.

[0015] Preferably, the fine aggregate is natural sand; the coarse aggregate is crushed stone.

[0016] Preferably, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water reducing agent.

[0017] Preferably, in the present invention, the particle size range of silica fume is 0.1-0.3 μm.

[0018] Preferably, in the present invention, the particle size range of desulfurized gypsum is 30-40 μm.

[0019] Preferably, in the present invention, the particle size range of natural sand is 0.2-4 mm.

[0020] Preferably, in the present invention, the particle size range of crushed stone is 5-20 mm.

[0021] The present invention also provides a preparation method of a highly waterproof concrete preparation, comprising the following steps: Mix cement, silica fume, desulfurized gypsum, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate according to the component ratio, and stir for 3-10 min at 100-200 rpm. Then, add the self-healing waterproof agent, thickening composition, water reducing agent, and water and continue to stir for 8-15 min, and discharge to obtain the highly waterproof concrete preparation.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention provides a highly waterproof concrete preparation. By adjusting the dosage ratios of cementitious materials such as cement, silica fume, and desulfurized gypsum, as well as fine aggregates and coarse aggregates, and adding a self-healing waterproofing agent made of polyferric sulfate, ammonium sulfate, polyacrylamide, water, pretreated bentonite, diatomaceous earth, zinc stearate, and sodium methyl silicate, and a thickening composition made of nano-silica, nano-aluminum oxide, 5-hexenoic acid, methacrylic acid, water, sodium persulfate, vitamin C, thiourea dioxide, and polyvinyl alcohol, the waterproofness, compactness, impermeability, and self-healing effect of the concrete are further improved. The concrete preparation of the present invention does not bleed or segregate, and has a simple preparation process and a wide range of raw material sources.

[0023] 2. The self-healing waterproofing agent adopted by the present invention acts through the synergistic action of multiple mechanisms. On the one hand, it reduces the connected pores inside the concrete through the physical filling effect, forming a denser microstructure. On the other hand, it generates a waterproof film / waterproof layer through chemical reactions to prevent water intrusion; at the same time, it can adapt to changes in different environmental conditions. The pretreated bentonite swells when it encounters water and has a self-healing function, enabling the concrete to automatically repair even when there are fine cracks, maintaining its long-term waterproof performance and compressive strength.

[0024] 3. The thickening composition adopted by the present invention can ensure that the concrete has sufficient fluidity, does not bleed or segregate, and further improves the impermeability of the concrete. Among them, 5-hexenoic acid and methacrylic acid polymerize through free radicals, and the generated polymer can entangle around the cement particles, forming steric hindrance and adsorbing water, endowing the concrete with good fluidity and plasticity. Nano-silica and nano-aluminum oxide, with their high specific surface area and surface activity, form a three-dimensional network structure in the concrete, improving the cohesion and water retention of the paste, preventing segregation and bleeding. While increasing the viscosity, polyvinyl alcohol constructs a continuous phase inside the concrete with its film-forming property and hydrophilicity, enhancing the density and impermeability. The synergistic action of each component ensures the high strength, excellent fluidity, and excellent impermeability of the concrete. Detailed implementation mode

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Portland cement, model: P.O 42.5, purchased from Tangshan Tianlu Cement Co., Ltd.

[0027] Polycarboxylate water reducer, model: PCA®-Ⅷ, purchased from Jiangsu Sobute New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0028] Example 1 This example provides a highly waterproof concrete preparation, which consists of the following components: 70 parts by weight of cement, 20 parts by weight of silica fume, 10 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum, 60 parts by weight of fine aggregate, 30 parts by weight of coarse aggregate, 5 parts by weight of self-healing waterproof agent, 3 parts by weight of thickening composition, 2 parts by weight of water reducing agent, and 30 parts by weight of water. The cement is Portland cement; the fine aggregate is natural sand; the coarse aggregate is crushed stone; the water reducing agent is polycarboxylate water reducing agent.

[0029] The preparation method of the self-healing waterproof agent includes the following steps: Add 4.5 parts by weight of sodium bentonite to 100 parts by weight of 11.5wt% magnesium nitrate aqueous solution, ultrasonically treat for 10 min under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 300W and ultrasonic frequency of 35kHz, then stir at 70°C and 500 rpm for 5 h, cool to room temperature, filter, dry, crush and pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain pretreated bentonite; add 2.5 parts by weight of polymeric ferric sulfate, 30 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, and 0.6 parts by weight of polyacrylamide to 150 parts by weight of water, stir at 52°C and 60 rpm for 5 min, cool to room temperature, then add 2.5 parts by weight of pretreated bentonite, 1.5 parts by weight of diatomite, 1.2 parts by weight of zinc stearate, and 0.3 parts by weight of sodium methyl silicate and continue to stir for 20 min to obtain the self-healing waterproof agent. Among them, the average particle size of sodium bentonite is 50μm; the average particle size of diatomite is 20μm; the basicity of polymeric ferric sulfate is 12%; the average molecular weight of polyacrylamide is 4 million, and it is anionic.

[0030] The preparation method of the thickening composition includes the following steps: Add 40 parts by weight of nano-silica, 15 parts by weight of nano-aluminum oxide, 25 parts by weight of 5-hexenoic acid, and 10 parts by weight of methacrylic acid to 140 parts by weight of water, ultrasonically treat for 25 min under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 300W and ultrasonic frequency of 35kHz, then sequentially add 0.6 parts by weight of sodium persulfate and 0.4 parts by weight of vitamin C, stir at 27°C and 500 rpm for 40 min, and then sequentially add 0.55 parts by weight of thiourea dioxide and 0.35 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and continue to stir for 4.5 h to obtain the thickening composition. Among them, the average particle size of nano-silica is 20nm; the average particle size of nano-aluminum oxide is 100nm; the viscosity (25°C) of polyvinyl alcohol is 25±5mPa.s and the degree of alcoholysis is 88±2mol%.

[0031] A preparation method of a highly waterproof concrete preparation includes the following steps: Mix cement, silica fume, desulfurized gypsum, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate according to the group ratio, stir at 150 rpm for 5 minutes, then add the self-healing waterproofing agent, thickening composition, water reducing agent, and water and continue stirring for 10 minutes, and discharge to obtain the highly waterproof concrete preparation.

[0032] Example 2 This example provides a highly waterproof concrete preparation, which is composed of the following components: 60 parts by weight of cement, 15 parts by weight of silica fume, 5 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum, 50 parts by weight of fine aggregate, 25 parts by weight of coarse aggregate, 2 parts by weight of self-healing waterproofing agent, 1 part by weight of thickening composition, 1 part by weight of water reducing agent, and 25 parts by weight of water. The cement is Portland cement; the fine aggregate is natural sand; the coarse aggregate is crushed stone; the water reducing agent is polycarboxylate water reducing agent.

[0033] The preparation method of the self-healing waterproofing agent is the same as that in Example 1.

[0034] The preparation method of the thickening composition is the same as that in Example 1.

[0035] A preparation method of a highly waterproof concrete preparation includes the following steps: Mix cement, silica fume, desulfurized gypsum, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate according to the group ratio, stir at 100 rpm for 3 minutes, then add the self-healing waterproofing agent, thickening composition, water reducing agent, and water and continue stirring for 15 minutes, and discharge to obtain the highly waterproof concrete preparation.

[0036] Example 3 This example provides a highly waterproof concrete preparation, which is composed of the following components: 80 parts by weight of cement, 25 parts by weight of silica fume, 15 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum, 70 parts by weight of fine aggregate, 35 parts by weight of coarse aggregate, 7 parts by weight of self-healing waterproofing agent, 5 parts by weight of thickening composition, 3 parts by weight of water reducing agent, and 35 parts by weight of water. The cement is Portland cement; the fine aggregate is natural sand; the coarse aggregate is crushed stone; the water reducing agent is polycarboxylate water reducing agent.

[0037] The preparation method of the self-healing waterproofing agent is the same as that in Example 1.

[0038] The preparation method of the thickening composition is the same as that in Example 1.

[0039] A preparation method of a highly waterproof concrete preparation includes the following steps: Mix cement, silica fume, desulfurized gypsum, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate according to the group allocation ratio, stir at 200 rpm for 10 min, then add the self-healing waterproofing agent, thickening composition, water reducing agent, and water and continue to stir for 8 min, and discharge to obtain the highly waterproof concrete preparation.

[0040] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the preparation method of the self-healing waterproofing agent is different, specifically as follows: The preparation method of the self-healing waterproofing agent includes the following steps: Add 2.5 parts by weight of polymeric ferric sulfate, 30 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, and 0.6 parts by weight of polyacrylamide to 150 parts by weight of water, stir at 52 °C and 60 rpm for 5 min, cool to room temperature, and then add 1.5 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth, 1.2 parts by weight of zinc stearate, and 0.3 parts by weight of sodium methyl silicate and continue to stir for 20 min to obtain the self-healing waterproofing agent. Among them, the average particle size of diatomaceous earth is 20 μm; the basicity of polymeric ferric sulfate is 12%; the average molecular weight of polyacrylamide is 4 million, anionic type.

[0041] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the preparation method of the self-healing waterproofing agent is different, specifically as follows: The preparation method of the self-healing waterproofing agent includes the following steps: Add 2.5 parts by weight of polymeric ferric sulfate, 30 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, and 0.6 parts by weight of polyacrylamide to 150 parts by weight of water, stir at 52 °C and 60 rpm for 5 min, cool to room temperature, and then add 2.5 parts by weight of sodium bentonite, 1.5 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth, 1.2 parts by weight of zinc stearate, and 0.3 parts by weight of sodium methyl silicate and continue to stir for 20 min to obtain the self-healing waterproofing agent. Among them, the average particle size of sodium bentonite is 50 μm; the average particle size of diatomaceous earth is 20 μm; the basicity of polymeric ferric sulfate is 12%; the average molecular weight of polyacrylamide is 4 million, anionic type.

[0042] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the preparation method of the self-healing waterproofing agent is different, specifically as follows: The preparation method of the self-healing waterproofing agent includes the following steps: 4.5 parts by weight of sodium-based bentonite was added to 100 parts by weight of an 11.5 wt% magnesium nitrate aqueous solution, and ultrasonic treatment was carried out for 10 min under the conditions of an ultrasonic power of 300 W and an ultrasonic frequency of 35 kHz. Then, stirring was carried out at 70 °C and 500 rpm for 5 h, cooled to room temperature, filtered, dried, pulverized, and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain pretreated bentonite; 2.5 parts by weight of polymeric ferric sulfate, 30 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, and 0.6 part by weight of polyacrylamide were added to 150 parts by weight of water, and stirring was carried out at 52 °C and 60 rpm for 5 min, cooled to room temperature, and then 2.5 parts by weight of pretreated bentonite, 1.2 parts by weight of zinc stearate, and 0.3 part by weight of sodium methyl silicate were added and stirring was continued for 20 min to obtain a self-healing waterproof agent. Among them, the average particle size of the sodium-based bentonite was 50 μm; the basicity of the polymeric ferric sulfate was 12%; the average molecular weight of the polyacrylamide was 4 million, and it was anionic type.

[0043] Comparative Example 4 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the preparation method of the self-healing waterproof agent is different, specifically as follows: The preparation method of the self-healing waterproof agent includes the following steps: 4.5 parts by weight of sodium-based bentonite was added to 100 parts by weight of an 11.5 wt% magnesium nitrate aqueous solution, and ultrasonic treatment was carried out for 10 min under the conditions of an ultrasonic power of 300 W and an ultrasonic frequency of 35 kHz. Then, stirring was carried out at 70 °C and 500 rpm for 5 h, cooled to room temperature, filtered, dried, pulverized, and passed through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain pretreated bentonite; 2.5 parts by weight of polymeric ferric sulfate and 30 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate were added to 150 parts by weight of water, and stirring was carried out at 52 °C and 60 rpm for 5 min, cooled to room temperature, and then 2.5 parts by weight of pretreated bentonite, 1.5 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth, 1.2 parts by weight of zinc stearate, and 0.3 part by weight of sodium methyl silicate were added and stirring was continued for 20 min to obtain a self-healing waterproof agent. Among them, the average particle size of the sodium-based bentonite was 50 μm; the average particle size of the diatomaceous earth was 20 μm; the basicity of the polymeric ferric sulfate was 12%.

[0044] Comparative Example 5 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the preparation method of the thickening composition is different, specifically as follows: The preparation method of the thickening composition includes the following steps: 40 parts by weight of nano-silica, 25 parts by weight of 5-hexenoic acid, and 10 parts by weight of methacrylic acid were added to 140 parts by weight of water, and ultrasonic treatment was carried out for 25 min under the conditions of an ultrasonic power of 300 W and an ultrasonic frequency of 35 kHz. Then, 0.6 parts by weight of sodium persulfate and 0.4 parts by weight of vitamin C were added in sequence, and stirring was carried out for 40 min at 27 °C and 500 rpm. Then, 0.55 parts by weight of thiourea dioxide and 0.35 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol were added in sequence and stirring was continued for 4.5 h to obtain the thickening composition. Among them, the average particle size of the nano-silica was 20 nm; the viscosity (25 °C) of the polyvinyl alcohol was 25 ± 5 mPa·s, and the degree of alcoholysis was 88 ± 2 mol%.

[0045] Comparative Example 6 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is as follows: The preparation method of the thickening composition is different, specifically as follows: The preparation method of the thickening composition includes the following steps: 40 parts by weight of nano-silica, 15 parts by weight of nano-aluminum oxide, 25 parts by weight of 5-hexenoic acid, and 10 parts by weight of methacrylic acid were added to 140 parts by weight of water, and ultrasonic treatment was carried out for 25 min under the conditions of an ultrasonic power of 300 W and an ultrasonic frequency of 35 kHz. Then, 0.6 parts by weight of sodium persulfate and 0.4 parts by weight of vitamin C were added in sequence, and stirring was carried out for 40 min at 27 °C and 500 rpm. Then, 0.55 parts by weight of thiourea dioxide and 0.35 parts by weight of polyacrylamide were added in sequence and stirring was continued for 4.5 h to obtain the thickening composition. Among them, the average particle size of the nano-silica was 20 nm; the average particle size of the nano-aluminum oxide was 100 nm; the average molecular weight of the polyacrylamide was 2 million, non-ionic type.

[0046] Performance Test Performance tests were carried out on the high waterproof concrete preparations obtained in the above Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6. The slump was measured with reference to GB / T50080-2016 "Standard Test Method for Properties of Ordinary Concrete Mixtures"; the compressive strength was measured with reference to GB / T50081-2019 "Standard Test Method for Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete"; the bleeding rate ratio was measured with reference to GB / T8076-2008 "Concrete Admixtures"; the penetration height ratio was measured with reference to JC / T474-2008 "Mortar and Concrete Waterproofing Agents". The results are shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1: Performance Test Results of Concrete Preparations Slump / mm 28-day compressive strength / MPa Bleeding rate ratio / % Penetration height ratio / % Example 1 215 42.6 19.5 28.8 Example 2 220 41.3 20.9 30.0 Example 3 210 42.0 20.2 29.5 Comparative Example 1 190 37.5 31.0 38.9 Comparative Example 2 200 40.0 25.6 33.0 Comparative Example 3 190 38.2 29.8 37.2 Comparative Example 4 195 39.0 28.1 36.1 Comparative Example 5 195 39.5 26.6 34.3 Comparative Example 6 200 40.8 23.2 32.5 From the above test results, it can be seen that the highly waterproof concrete preparations prepared in Examples 1-3 have good waterproofness, impermeability and compressive strength, and have sufficient fluidity and a low bleeding rate ratio. In particular, the comprehensive performance of the concrete preparation corresponding to Example 1 is the most prominent. This is because the present invention can effectively improve the waterproofness and impermeability of the concrete and maintain good fluidity and strength by adding a specific thickening composition and a self-healing waterproof agent and using them in combination with cementitious materials such as cement, silica fume, and desulfurized gypsum, fine aggregates, and coarse aggregates.

[0048] In contrast, since Comparative Examples 1-6 did not adopt the necessary technical solutions, their corresponding performance tests were significantly worse than those of Examples 1-3. In Comparative Examples 1-4, a specific self-healing waterproof agent was not adopted, and in Comparative Examples 5-6, a specific thickening composition was not used. It can be seen from the results that this led to a decline in the comprehensive performance of the concrete preparation. The above experimental results further prove the importance of the technical solutions defined in the present invention for its technical effects.

[0049] The above is the preferred implementation mode of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle described in the present invention, several improvements and refinements can still be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly waterproof concrete formulation, characterized in that: Includes the following components: 60-80 parts by weight of cement, 15-25 parts by weight of silica fume, 5-15 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum, 50-70 parts by weight of fine aggregate, 25-35 parts by weight of coarse aggregate, 2-7 parts by weight of self-repairing waterproofing agent, 1-5 parts by weight of thickening composition, 1-3 parts by weight of water reducing agent, and 25-35 parts by weight of water; the self-repairing waterproofing agent is made of polymerized ferric sulfate, ammonium sulfate, polyacrylamide, water, pretreated bentonite, diatomaceous earth, zinc stearate and sodium methyl silicate.

2. The highly waterproof concrete formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the self-repairing waterproofing agent comprises the following steps: 3-6 parts by weight of sodium bentonite are added to 80-150 parts by weight of magnesium nitrate aqueous solution, ultrasonically treated, then heated and stirred, cooled, filtered, dried, crushed and sieved to obtain pretreated bentonite; 2-4 parts by weight of polymerized ferric sulfate, 25-35 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, and 0.5-0.8 parts by weight of polyacrylamide are added to 120-180 parts by weight of water, heated and stirred, cooled, and then 2-4 parts by weight of pretreated bentonite, 1-2 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth, 1-1.5 parts by weight of zinc stearate, and 0.2-0.4 parts by weight of sodium methyl silicate are added and continued to stir to obtain a self-repairing waterproofing agent.

3. The highly waterproof concrete formulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the self-repairing waterproofing agent comprises the following steps: 3-6 parts by weight of sodium bentonite are added to 80-150 parts by weight of 10-12 wt% magnesium nitrate aqueous solution, and ultrasonically treated for 5-15 minutes at an ultrasonic power of 200-350 W and an ultrasonic frequency of 30-40 kHz, and then stirred at 65-75° C. and 400-600 rpm for 4-6 hours, cooled to room temperature, filtered, dried, crushed and passed through a 150-250 mesh sieve to obtain pretreated bentonite; 2-4 parts by weight of polymer Ferric sulfate, 25-35 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate and 0.5-0.8 parts by weight of polyacrylamide are added to 120-180 parts by weight of water, stirred at 50-55°C and 50-100rpm for 3-8 minutes, cooled to room temperature, and then 2-4 parts by weight of pretreated bentonite, 1-2 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth, 1-1.5 parts by weight of zinc stearate and 0.2-0.4 parts by weight of sodium methyl silicate are added and stirred for 10-30 minutes to obtain a self-repairing waterproofing agent.

4. The highly waterproof concrete formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the thickening composition comprises the following steps: 30-50 parts by weight of nano silicon dioxide, 10-20 parts by weight of nano aluminum oxide, 20-30 parts by weight of 5-hexenoic acid and 5-15 parts by weight of methacrylic acid are added to 120-160 parts by weight of water, and ultrasonic treatment is performed. Then, 0.5-0.8 parts by weight of sodium persulfate and 0.3-0.5 parts by weight of vitamin C are added in sequence with stirring. Then, 0.4-0.6 parts by weight of thiourea dioxide and 0.2-0.5 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol are added in sequence with continuous stirring to obtain the thickening composition.

5. The highly waterproof concrete formulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of the thickening composition comprises the following steps: 30-50 parts by weight of nano silicon dioxide, 10-20 parts by weight of nano aluminum oxide, 20-30 parts by weight of 5-hexenoic acid and 5-15 parts by weight of methacrylic acid are added to 120-160 parts by weight of water, and ultrasonic treatment is performed for 20-30 minutes under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 200-350 W and ultrasonic frequency of 30-40 kHz, then 0.5-0.8 parts by weight of sodium persulfate and 0.3-0.5 parts by weight of vitamin C are added in sequence, and stirring is carried out for 30-50 minutes at 25-30° C. and 400-600 rpm, and then 0.4-0.6 parts by weight of thiourea dioxide and 0.2-0.5 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol are added in sequence and stirring is continued for 3-6 hours to obtain the thickening composition.

6. The highly waterproof concrete formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cement is silicate cement.

7. The highly waterproof concrete formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine aggregate is natural sand; the coarse aggregate is crushed stone.

8. The highly waterproof concrete formulation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The particle size range of the natural sand is 0.2-4 mm; the particle size range of the crushed stone is 5-20 mm.

9. The highly waterproof concrete formulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water reducer is a polycarboxylate water reducer.

10. The method for preparing a highly waterproof concrete formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Cement, silica fume, desulfurized gypsum, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate are mixed according to the component ratio, stirred at 100-200rpm for 3-10min, and then a self-repairing waterproofing agent, a thickening composition, a water reducing agent and water are added and stirred for 8-15min. The material is discharged to obtain the highly waterproof concrete preparation.