A solid electrolyte membrane for hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis of water and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of solid electrolyte membrane for hydrogen production by alkaline electrolytic water and its preparation method and application, the solid electrolyte membrane includes anion exchange membrane and the coating arranged in the both sides of anion exchange membrane, form " coating-anion exchange membrane-coating " " sandwich " composite structure, the coating includes the mixture of thermoplastic resin and hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles.Its preparation method includes the following steps: preparing coating slurry and anion exchange membrane slurry respectively;Coating coating slurry on transfer substrate, and after drying, obtain transfer substrate / coating;Coating coating slurry and anion exchange membrane slurry on transfer substrate in sequence, and after drying, obtain transfer substrate / coating / anion exchange membrane;Hot transfer.Compared with prior art, the present application can effectively prevent the swelling deformation and breakage of anion exchange membrane, improve the mechanical properties and stability of anion exchange membrane, and at the same time solve the problem of limited gas tightness of composite separator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of anion exchange membrane preparation technology, and in particular to a solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, extreme weather events have become more frequent, leading to increased public awareness of environmental protection and governance. Terms like "carbon emissions" have become hot topics in my country, highlighting the urgent need for reliable clean energy to replace traditional fossil fuels. Hydrogen energy, with its abundant sources, pollution-free nature, and wide range of applications, is a crucial part of the nation's energy strategy transformation. Water electrolysis for hydrogen production, currently the most efficient method for "green hydrogen" production, is a key step in achieving zero carbon emissions throughout the entire hydrogen production and usage process. Among these technologies, anion exchange membrane water electrolysis combines the advantages of alkaline water electrolysis and proton exchange membrane water electrolysis, and is expected to become the most promising renewable energy hydrogen production technology.

[0003] Anion exchange membranes are essential components in anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production systems. Their primary function is to isolate the generated hydrogen from oxygen, preventing hydrogen-oxygen cross-contamination and potential explosions, and also avoiding short circuits between the cathode and anode. Compared to mainstream alkaline water electrolysis systems, anion exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production systems generally exhibit superior electrochemical performance and lower energy consumption. This is due to the functional groups in the anion exchange membrane resin that facilitate the transfer of hydroxide ions and their excellent hydrophilicity. However, this excellent hydrophilicity often leads to problems such as swelling and deformation, poor dimensional stability, and a significant decrease in mechanical properties and lifespan during practical use. Furthermore, anion exchange membrane damage is frequent during assembly. Due to limitations in the manufacturing process or to increase the reaction interface area, the electrode surface is typically designed to be relatively rough. However, the thickness of the anion exchange membrane is usually only tens of micrometers, making it susceptible to puncture under the influence of rough electrode surfaces. This physical damage directly affects the stability and safety of the water electrolysis system, potentially leading to decreased electrolysis efficiency or even safety accidents.

[0004] Patent CN 118996525 A discloses a method for preparing a highly stable ultrathin composite membrane for alkaline water electrolyzers. This method involves mixing thermoplastic resin and hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles to prepare a casting solution, roughening the support mesh substrate using an adhesive-peel method, coating the substrate with the casting solution, and then performing a phase inversion. The final result is an ultrathin composite membrane with good stability and low sheet resistivity. However, due to limitations in pore structure and preparation process, the airtightness of this type of composite membrane has an upper limit, far inferior to that of anion exchange membranes. It cannot adapt to operating conditions with large pressure fluctuations and is prone to skin damage during packaging, transportation, and assembly, leading to membrane failure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, its preparation method and application, which effectively prevents swelling, deformation and damage of anion exchange membranes, improves the mechanical properties and stability of anion exchange membranes, and solves the problem of limited airtightness of composite membranes.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, comprising an anion exchange membrane and coatings disposed on both sides of the anion exchange membrane, forming a "sandwich" composite structure of "coating-anion exchange membrane-coating", wherein the coating comprises a mixture of thermoplastic resin and hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles.

[0008] Preferably, the thickness of the anion exchange membrane is 10-200 μm, and the thickness of the coatings on both sides is 0.5-3 times the thickness of the anion exchange membrane.

[0009] Preferably, the anion exchange membrane is prepared from anion exchange membrane resin, which includes one or more of quaternized polysulfone, quaternized polyphenylene ether, quaternized polybenzimidazole, quaternized polystyrene, alkylated polybenzimidazole, polyarylpiperidine, and polyarylquinine.

[0010] Preferably, the thermoplastic resin includes one or more of polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polypropylene, polyetheretherketone, polyimide, and polyetherimide.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles have a particle size of 30-100 nm and include one or more of zirconium dioxide, cerium dioxide, titanium dioxide, and barium sulfate.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing the solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1: Prepare coating slurry and anion exchange membrane slurry respectively;

[0014] S2: Apply a coating paste to the transfer substrate and dry it to obtain the transfer substrate / coating.

[0015] S3: Coating slurry and anion exchange membrane slurry are sequentially coated on the transfer substrate, and dried to obtain transfer substrate / coating / anion exchange membrane;

[0016] S4: Heat transfer printing.

[0017] Preferably, in step S1, the preparation process of the coating slurry includes the following steps: dissolving thermoplastic resin and hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles in an organic solvent, mixing them evenly to obtain the coating slurry.

[0018] More preferably, in step S1, the mass ratio of the thermoplastic resin to the organic solvent is 1:9-1:1, and the mass ratio of the thermoplastic resin to the hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles is 1:10-10:3.

[0019] More preferably, in step S1, the mixture is homogeneously mixed by mechanical stirring or dispersion methods such as ball milling or ultrasound.

[0020] Preferably, in step S1, the preparation process of the anion exchange membrane slurry includes the following steps: dissolving the anion exchange membrane resin in an organic solvent, and obtaining the anion exchange membrane slurry after dissolution.

[0021] More preferably, in step S1, the content of anion exchange membrane resin in the organic solvent is 10-50 wt%.

[0022] More preferably, in step S1, the organic solvent in the coating slurry and the anion exchange membrane slurry includes one or more of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, formamide, and N,N-dimethylacetamide.

[0023] Preferably, in steps S2 and S3, the transfer substrate includes any one of a polypropylene film, a polyethylene film, and a polytetrafluoroethylene film.

[0024] More preferably, in step S2, a doctor blade or coating head is used to apply the coating slurry.

[0025] More preferably, in step S3, an anion exchange membrane slurry is applied using a spray gun, doctor blade, or coating head.

[0026] Preferably, in steps S2 and S3, the drying temperature is 50-90°C and the drying time is more than 3 hours.

[0027] More preferably, in step S3, after coating the transfer substrate with a coating slurry and drying it, an anion exchange membrane slurry is coated and dried again to obtain the transfer substrate / coating / anion exchange membrane.

[0028] Preferably, in step S4, the specific process of thermal transfer is as follows: the transfer substrate / coating and the printing substrate / coating / anion exchange membrane are hot-pressed together, and after cooling to room temperature, the two sides of the transfer substrate are removed to obtain the solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen.

[0029] More preferably, in step S4, the hot pressing temperature is 100-200℃, the pressure is 0.1-10MPa, and the time is 1-20 minutes.

[0030] More preferably, the method for preparing the solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen includes the following steps:

[0031] S1: Dissolve thermoplastic resin in an organic solvent, then add hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles, and mix evenly by mechanical stirring or dispersion methods such as ball milling and ultrasound to obtain a coating slurry; dissolve anion exchange membrane resin in an organic solvent, and obtain anion exchange membrane slurry after complete dissolution.

[0032] S2: The coating paste is applied to the transfer substrate by a doctor blade or coating head, and then placed in an oven to evaporate the organic solvent.

[0033] S3: Apply the anion exchange membrane slurry to the transfer substrate coated with the coating slurry using a spray gun, doctor blade, or coating head, and then place it in an oven to evaporate the organic solvent.

[0034] S4: The coating with an anion exchange membrane and the coating without an anion exchange membrane are hot-pressed together using a hot press. After the coating cools to room temperature, the transfer substrates on both sides are removed to obtain a solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen.

[0035] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an application of the solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis in the production of hydrogen.

[0036] This invention proposes a solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen and its preparation method. A stable, non-swelling, hard, and wear-resistant coating is prepared on both sides of the anion exchange membrane, forming a "sandwich" composite structure of "coating-anion exchange membrane-coating." This restricts the deformation of the middle anion exchange membrane and provides excellent airtightness to the electrolyte membrane through the anion exchange membrane located in the middle. The coating in this invention mainly consists of thermoplastic resin and hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles. The thermoplastic resin is the main body of the coating and is tightly bonded to the anion exchange membrane, while the hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles compensate for the poor hydrophilicity of the thermoplastic resin, reducing the impact of the coating on the electrochemical performance of the anion exchange membrane.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] (1) The present invention provides a solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, including anion exchange membrane and coatings disposed on both sides of the anion exchange membrane. The coatings include a mixture of thermoplastic resin and hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles. The coatings greatly limit the swelling and deformation of the anion exchange membrane by utilizing their excellent mechanical properties and stability, and at the same time make up for the disadvantage of the decrease in mechanical properties of the anion exchange membrane after swelling, thus solving the problem of limited air tightness of composite membranes.

[0039] (2) The present invention forms a "sandwich" composite structure of "coating-anion exchange membrane-coating" by coating both sides of the anion exchange membrane. The coating is wear-resistant and can act as a protective layer for the anion exchange membrane. The wear-resistant coating can effectively prevent the sharp part of the electrode surface from directly contacting the thinner anion exchange membrane, ensuring the integrity of the anion exchange membrane and ensuring the stability of the gas tightness of the electrolyte membrane.

[0040] (3) Compared with commercial organic-inorganic composite membrane products, the present invention has better air tightness. The hydrogen and oxygen prepared in the alkaline water electrolyzer have high purity, which gets rid of the limitation of the porous structure of the traditional composite membrane on the air tightness of the membrane.

[0041] (4) This invention not only improves airtightness but also exhibits excellent electrochemical performance. With similar thicknesses, the electrochemical performance of this invention is comparable to that of commercially available organic-inorganic composite membranes, and the solid electrolyte membrane performs even better as the coating thickness decreases. Compared to anion exchange membranes without coatings, the electrochemical performance loss due to the coating is within acceptable limits.

[0042] (5) The solid electrolyte membrane prepared by the present invention has good air tightness and can be adapted to alkaline water electrolyzers with higher pressure to further improve the electrolysis rate.

[0043] (6) The “sandwich” composite structure proposed in this invention is simple, easy to operate, and easy to industrialize. It can be used for hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis and hydrogen production by anion exchange membrane electrolysis.

[0044] (7) This invention can be used to enhance the mechanical properties of commercial anion exchange membrane products by simply hot-pressing the commercial anion exchange membrane with the coating. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the preparation method of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (in the figure: 1-anion exchange membrane; 2-coating);

[0047] Figure 3This is a pore size distribution diagram of the coating 2 disposed on both sides of the anion exchange membrane in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0049] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods, instruments, and equipment used in this invention are conventional in the art. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials used in the following examples are all commercially available.

[0050] A solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen is shown in the schematic diagram below. Figure 2 As shown, it includes an anion exchange membrane 1 and coatings 2 disposed on both sides of the anion exchange membrane, forming a "sandwich" composite structure of "coating-anion exchange membrane-coating", wherein the coatings include a mixture of thermoplastic resin and hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles.

[0051] Its preparation method is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0052] S1: Prepare coating slurry and anion exchange membrane slurry respectively;

[0053] S2: Apply a coating paste to the transfer substrate and dry it to obtain the transfer substrate / coating.

[0054] S3: Coating slurry and anion exchange membrane slurry are sequentially coated on the transfer substrate, and dried to obtain transfer substrate / coating / anion exchange membrane;

[0055] S4: Heat transfer printing.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] A solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen is prepared as follows: At 80°C, 20g of polysulfone (PSU) is added to 85g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and mechanically stirred until the PSU is completely dissolved. Then, 85g of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 40nm is added in batches, and the mixture is mechanically stirred and dispersed at 2000rpm for 6 hours. After vacuum degassing, a coating slurry is obtained. Using a 50μm doctor blade, the coating slurry is coated onto a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane (transfer substrate) and placed in an oven at 80°C for 3 hours. 25g of quaternized polysulfone (QAPSU) was added to 75g of NMP and mechanically stirred until the QAPSU was completely dissolved to obtain anion exchange membrane slurry. Using a 75μm doctor blade, the anion exchange membrane slurry was coated onto the substrate. The substrate was then placed in an 80℃ oven for 3 hours. The coated substrate with and without anion exchange membrane were placed in a hot press and hot-pressed at 150℃ and 1MPa for 10 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the polytetrafluoroethylene membranes on both sides were removed to obtain a solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] A solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen is prepared as follows: At 80°C, 20g of polysulfone (PSU) is placed in 85g of NMP and mechanically stirred until the PSU is completely dissolved. Then, 85g of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 40nm is added in batches and mechanically stirred at 2000rpm for 6 hours. After vacuum degassing, a coating slurry is obtained. Using a 100μm doctor blade, the coating slurry is coated onto a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and placed in an oven at 80°C for 3 hours. At 80°C, 25g of quaternized polysulfone (QAPSU) is placed in 75g of NMP and mechanically stirred until the QAPSU is completely dissolved to obtain an anion exchange membrane slurry. Using a 75μm doctor blade, the anion exchange membrane slurry is coated onto the coating. The coating is placed in an 80℃ oven for 3 hours. The coating with an anion exchange membrane and the coating without an anion exchange membrane are placed in a hot press and hot-pressed at 150℃ and 1MPa for 10 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the polytetrafluoroethylene membranes on both sides are removed to obtain a solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen.

[0060] Example 3

[0061] A solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen is prepared as follows: At 80°C, 20g of polysulfone (PSU) is placed in 85g of NMP and mechanically stirred until the PSU is completely dissolved. Then, 85g of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 40nm is added in batches, and the mixture is mechanically stirred and dispersed at 2000rpm for 6 hours. After vacuum degassing, a coating slurry is obtained. Using a 50μm doctor blade, the coating slurry is coated onto a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and placed in an oven at 80°C for 3 hours. At 80°C, 25g of quaternized polystyrene... QAPPO ether was mechanically stirred in 75g NMP until completely dissolved to obtain anion exchange membrane slurry. Using a 75μm doctor blade, the anion exchange membrane slurry was coated onto the substrate. The substrate was then placed in an 80℃ oven for 3 hours. The coated substrate with and without anion exchange membrane were placed in a hot press and pressed at 150℃ and 1MPa for 10 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the polytetrafluoroethylene membranes on both sides were removed to obtain a solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] A solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen is prepared as follows: At 80°C, 20g of polysulfone (PSU) is placed in 85g of NMP and mechanically stirred until the PSU is completely dissolved. Then, 85g of zirconium oxide with a particle size of 40nm is added in batches and mechanically stirred at 2000rpm for 6 hours. After vacuum degassing, a coating slurry is obtained. Using a 100μm doctor blade, the coating slurry is coated onto a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and placed in an oven at 80°C for 3 hours. At 80°C, 25g of quaternized polyphenylene ether (QAPPO) is placed in 75g of NMP and mechanically stirred until the QAPPO is completely dissolved to obtain an anion exchange membrane slurry. Using a 75μm doctor blade, the anion exchange membrane slurry is coated onto the coating. The coating is placed in an 80℃ oven for 3 hours. The coating with an anion exchange membrane and the coating without an anion exchange membrane are placed in a hot press and hot-pressed at 150℃ and 1MPa for 10 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the polytetrafluoroethylene membranes on both sides are removed to obtain a solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen.

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] A quaternized polysulfone anion exchange membrane is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, but without coating on both sides.

[0066] Comparative Example 2

[0067] A quaternized polyphenylene ether anion exchange membrane is prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, but without coating on both sides.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] A commercially available organic-inorganic composite membrane product, model number Zirfon PERL UTP 220.

[0070] Table 1. Pore structure of the coating

[0071] Example 1 Example 2 scraper specifications / μm 50 100 Coating thickness 2 / μm 33 82 Average pore size / nm 49.3 49.9 Most probable pore size / nm 49 50.1 Bubble point pore size / nm 75.3 72.9 Minimum pore size / nm 46.9 47 Bubble pressure / bar 8.41 8.69

[0072] The pore structure of coating 2 in the solid electrolyte membranes for hydrogen production via alkaline water electrolysis prepared in Examples 1 and 2 was tested under the following conditions: the test method was immersion pressure method, the temperature was 20°C, the wetting solution was anhydrous ethanol, and nitrogen was used for displacement. The results are shown in Table 1 and... Figure 3 As shown, in this invention, the coating 2 disposed on both sides of the anion exchange membrane has a porous structure. In Example 1, when a 50 μm doctor blade was used to prepare the coating 2, its average pore size was approximately 49.3 nm. In Example 2, when a 100 μm doctor blade was used to prepare the coating 2, its average pore size was approximately 49.9 nm.

[0073] Table 2 Performance parameters of solid electrolyte membranes

[0074]

[0075] Table 3 Performance parameters of solid electrolyte membranes after 1000 cycles of rubbing with 500g steel wool.

[0076]

[0077] Table 2 shows the water absorption swelling rate and tensile strength of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-4, indicating that the coating in the "sandwich" composite structure of "coating-anion exchange membrane-coating" successfully limits the swelling phenomenon of the anion exchange membrane and improves the tensile strength.

[0078] Table 3 shows the performance parameters of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-4 after steel wool friction test. Compared with the uncoated anion exchange membrane, the water absorption swelling rate and tensile strength of Examples 1-4 showed almost no significant change, indicating that the coating played a protective role for the anion exchange membrane. This proves that the solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen proposed in this invention has excellent stability.

[0079] Table 4 Comparative Examples 3 and Examples 1-4 in an alkaline electrolyzer at 500 mA / cm 2 airtightness

[0080] Comparative Example 3 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Hydrogen purity / % 99.935 99.992 99.993 99.992 99.992 Oxygen purity / % 99.880 99.915 99.921 99.917 99.917

[0081] Table 4 shows the results of Comparative Example 3 and Examples 1-4 in an alkaline electrolyzer at 500 mA / cm². 2The airtightness of the samples shows that the purity of hydrogen and oxygen produced by the alkaline water electrolyzers of Examples 1-4 is much higher than that of the alkaline water electrolyzer of Comparative Example 3. This is precisely the role played by the anion exchange membrane in the solid electrolyte membrane proposed in this invention, which overcomes the limitation of membrane airtightness imposed by the porous structure of traditional composite membranes.

[0082] Table 5. Electrochemical performance of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-4 in anion exchange membrane electrolyzers.

[0083]

[0084] Table 6. Electrochemical performance of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-4 in alkaline water electrolyzers

[0085]

[0086] Table 5 shows the electrochemical performance of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-4 in anion exchange membrane electrolyzers. The test conditions were as follows: electrolyzer temperature 90℃, both anode and cathode were nickel foam, electrolyte was 1M KOH solution, flow rate was 500 ml / min, and liquid was introduced from both sides. It can be seen that the "sandwich" composite structure proposed in this invention significantly increases the thickness of the solid electrolyte membrane, and the coating itself also enhances the OH- ion exchange membrane's performance. - Due to the inherent resistance to conduction, the electrochemical performance of all examples showed a slight decrease, with the performance degradation accelerating as the coating thickness increased. However, considering the importance of membrane stability for safe hydrogen production, the performance loss caused by the coating is within an acceptable range.

[0087] Table 6 shows the electrochemical performance of Comparative Example 3 and Examples 1-4 in an alkaline water electrolyzer. The test conditions were as follows: electrolyzer temperature 90℃, both anode and cathode were ordinary nickel mesh, electrolyte was 30wt% KOH solution, flow rate was 500ml / min, double-sided inlet, and the test was conducted under normal pressure. It can be seen that the electrochemical performance of Comparative Example 3 and Examples 2 and 4, which have similar thicknesses, is almost identical, and the solid electrolyte membrane performs better as the coating thickness decreases. Compared with traditional organic-inorganic composite membranes, the solid electrolyte membrane proposed in this invention not only improves airtightness but also exhibits excellent electrochemical performance.

[0088] In summary, this invention prepares a solid electrolyte membrane with a "sandwich" composite structure of "coating-anion exchange membrane-coating" by coating both sides of the anion exchange membrane with a coating composed of thermoplastic resin and hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles. This effectively prevents the swelling, deformation and damage of the anion exchange membrane, improves the mechanical properties and stability of the anion exchange membrane, and solves the problem of limited airtightness of composite membranes.

[0089] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid electrolyte membrane for hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis of water, characterized by, The application relates to a solid electrolyte membrane for hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis water, which comprises an anion exchange membrane and coating layers arranged on both sides of the anion exchange membrane, forming a "sandwich" composite structure of "coating-anion exchange membrane-coating", wherein the coating layer is a mixture of a thermoplastic resin and hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles. The anion exchange membrane is prepared from an anion exchange membrane resin selected from one or more of quaternary ammonium poly sulfone, quaternary ammonium polyphenyl ether, quaternary ammonium polybenzimidazole, quaternary ammonium polystyrene, alkylated polybenzimidazole, polyaryl piperidine and polyaryl quinine.

2. The solid-state electrolyte membrane for hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis of water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the anion exchange membrane is 10-200 mu m, and the thickness of the coating layers on both sides is 0.5-3 times the thickness of the anion exchange membrane.

3. The solid electrolyte membrane for hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis water according to claim 1, wherein the thermoplastic resin is selected from one or more of polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polypropylene, polyether ether ketone, polyimide and polyether imide. The hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles have a particle size of 30-100 nm and are selected from one or more of zirconium dioxide, cerium dioxide, titanium dioxide and barium sulfate. The application further discloses a preparation method of the solid electrolyte membrane for hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis water.

4. A method for producing a solid electrolyte membrane for hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis of water according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, S1: preparing a coating layer slurry and an anion exchange membrane slurry respectively; S2: coating the coating layer slurry on a transfer substrate and drying to obtain a transfer substrate / coating layer; S3: coating the coating layer slurry and the anion exchange membrane slurry on the transfer substrate in sequence and drying to obtain a transfer substrate / coating layer / anion exchange membrane; S4: hot transfer. In step S1, the preparation process of the coating layer slurry comprises the following steps: dissolving the thermoplastic resin and the hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles in an organic solvent, uniformly mixing to obtain the coating layer slurry; the mass ratio of the thermoplastic resin to the organic solvent is 1:9-1:1, and the mass ratio of the thermoplastic resin to the hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles is 1:10-10:

3.

5. The method for preparing a solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preparation process of the anion exchange membrane slurry comprises the following steps: dissolving the anion exchange membrane resin in an organic solvent, and obtaining the anion exchange membrane slurry after dissolving; the content of the anion exchange membrane resin in the anion exchange membrane slurry is 10-50 wt%. In step S1, the organic solvent in the coating layer slurry and the anion exchange membrane slurry is selected from one or more of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, formamide and N,N-dimethylacetamide. In steps S2 and S3, the transfer substrate is selected from any one of a polypropylene film, a polyethylene film and a polytetrafluoroethylene film; the drying temperature is 50-90 DEG C, and the drying time is longer than 3 hours.

6. The method for preparing a solid electrolyte membrane for alkaline water electrolysis to produce hydrogen according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S4, the specific process of the hot transfer is as follows: hot pressing the transfer substrate / coating layer and the transfer substrate / coating layer / anion exchange membrane together, cooling to room temperature, and then removing the two transfer substrates to obtain the solid electrolyte membrane for hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis water; the hot pressing temperature is 100-200 DEG C, the hot pressing pressure is 0.1-10 MPa, and the hot pressing time is 1-20 minutes.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein the solid-state electrolyte membrane is prepared by the steps of: preparing a precursor solution by dissolving a lithium salt in a solvent; and coating the precursor solution on a porous substrate to form a solid-state electrolyte membrane.

9. Application of the solid electrolyte membrane for hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis water according to any one of claims 1-3 to hydrogen production by alkaline electrolysis water.

8. The method of claim 4, wherein the solid-state electrolyte membrane is prepared by the steps of: preparing a precursor solution by dissolving a lithium salt in a solvent; and coating the precursor solution on a porous substrate to form a precursor film; and sintering the precursor film at a temperature of 300 to 600 °C in an inert gas atmosphere. ​ ​

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