Flat-bottom short-throat measurement and control integrated groove gate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of measuring flutes, and discloses a flat-bottom short-throat measurement and control integrated groove gate which comprises a measuring flute and a gate body installed in the measuring flute, and the measuring flute is composed of a contraction section, a throat and a diffusion section. According to the flat-bottom short-throat measurement and control integrated groove gate, flow is accurately measured at the moment of full opening of the gate, free outflow is achieved when flow flows out of a gate hole under the designed flow condition, the flow measurement error is smaller than 5%, the precision is greatly improved compared with a same type of measuring flume, meanwhile, the equipment is high in automation and intelligence degree, the water level is measured through a radar water level gauge, and the measurement accuracy is high. The opening degree of the gate is metered by the gate level meter, the flow can be set according to user requirements, the internal control terminal is synchronized to monitor the water level in real time, the gate level is used for calculating the flow, the opening degree of the gate is automatically adjusted to the set flow, and the device has the advantages of accurate flow measurement, reliable opening and closing control, controllable cost, rapid adaptation to an irrigation area informatization platform and the like; the beneficial effects of conforming to control device protocols at home and abroad and being capable of being rapidly matched with an irrigation district informatization platform are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of measuring flumes, specifically a flat-bottom short-throat integrated measurement and control flume gate. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there are many studies on measuring flumes, but most of them are for flow measurement on irrigation ditches or farmland ditches. There is little research on water measurement equipment in the scenarios of water diversion outlets on channels or field water inlet ports in irrigation areas. Most of the currently developed measuring flume products are Parshall flumes, which adopt fixed external dimensions and are restricted by the type, size, and bottom slope of the channels, resulting in low matching rate and poor versatility.

[0003] At the same time, the installation requirements of the Parshall flume are that a traveling channel with a length not less than five times the channel width should be set in front of the flume to enable the water flow to smoothly enter the flume body, and the equipment installation occupies a large area. Due to the large number and wide range of water diversion outlets or field water inlet ports in irrigation channels, the water measurement equipment should have the characteristics of simple structure, meeting certain measurement accuracy, being economically reasonable, stable and reliable, having a small footprint, and small head loss through the flume. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problems to be solved:

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a flat-bottom short-throat integrated measurement and control flume gate, which has the advantages of accurate flow measurement, reliable opening and closing control, controllable cost, conforming to domestic and foreign control device protocols, and being quickly adaptable to the informatization platform of irrigation areas, thus solving the above technical problems.

[0006] Technical solutions:

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A flat-bottom short-throat integrated measurement and control flume gate, comprising a measuring flume and a gate body installed in the measuring flume. The measuring flume consists of three parts: a contraction section, a throat, and a diffusion section;

[0008] The gate body is also connected to a hoist, a control system, and a power supply system. The gate body, hoist, control system, and power supply system together form a gate.

[0009] Preferably, both the measuring flume and the gate body installed in the measuring flume are made of aerospace aluminum alloy material and are surface-hard anodized.

[0010] Through the above technical solutions, through surface-hard anodizing treatment, it has high strength and strong weather resistance, and the service life is long, reaching 40 years; the transmission components are made of high-quality structural steel with surface chrome plating treatment, which is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant.

[0011] Preferably, the reduction motor is a worm and gear type reducer, which has a reverse self-locking function. The reduction motor adopts encoder counting, travel switch limit, and safety switch power-off control.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, by adopting a turbo-worm reducer, it has a reverse self-locking function, uses an encoder for counting, a travel switch for limit, and a safety switch for power-off control. The metering accuracy is higher than 95%, and the operating system is safe and reliable.

[0013] Preferably, the gate body is composed of a column, a bottom sill, a cross beam, a gate panel, a screw rod, and a water stop seal.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, by adopting a silicone rubber seal for the water stop seal, it has strong weather resistance and can resist aging for up to 30 years; the slide rail adopts a high-wear-resistant lining, with small friction and high wear resistance.

[0015] Preferably, the hoist also includes manual hoisting, a reduction motor, and a coupling.

[0016] The control system is composed of an operation panel (with a built-in touch screen and buttons), a gate controller, a power conversion module, a video module, etc. Among them, the control cabinet is controlled by a self-developed remote terminal controller, which is compatible with electric and manual hoisting, can accurately control the opening and closing of the gate, and has the function of emergency electric hoisting in case of control failure; it is compatible with on-site hand-crank control, on-site touch control, remote mobile phone APP control, on-site mobile phone APP Bluetooth control, and computer WEB control. It adopts an absolute encoder and a mechanical code disk, and has the function of remembering the gate opening degree when power is off; the power supply system is composed of a solar panel, a pole, a storage battery (buried underground), etc., and is compatible with solar and mains power supply.

[0017] Preferably, the control unit calculates the valve opening degree as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Where: θ is the motor rotation angle; r is the radius of the hoisting wheel, and h is the lifting height;

[0020] The flow rate is calculated as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Where: Q is the flow rate; A is the flow-through area; H is the water head, which is taken as the water level difference before and after the gate;

[0023] A = (W × θ) × L

[0024] Where: W is the width of the gate; L is the length of the channel, and θ represents the rotation angle of the motor, with the unit of degree;

[0025] When using an absolute encoder to detect the position of the gate panel, the position P of the gate panel is proportional to the number of pulses N of the encoder:

[0026] Where: P is the position of the gate panel; S is the total lifting stroke of the gate panel; S is the total lifting stroke of the gate panel.

[0027] The motor power calculation formula in the control unit valve is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] Where: P motor is the motor power, v is the lifting speed of the gate plate; F is the water pressure; η is the transmission efficiency.

[0030] The water pressure calculation in the control unit is as follows:

[0031] F = ρ × g × h × A

[0032] Where: F is the water pressure; g is the acceleration due to gravity; A is the area of the gate plate;

[0033] The transmission delay T of the remote control instruction in the wireless communication module is calculated through the network communication delay and the system processing time:

[0034] T = T net + T proc

[0035] Where: T is the total delay time; T proc is the system processing time, T net is the net torque;

[0036] The opening and closing time t of the gate is calculated through the lifting speed of the gate plate and the lifting height of the gate plate:

[0037]

[0038] Where: t is the opening and closing time; v is the lifting speed of the gate plate.

[0039] The flow rate through the gate calculated by the flow measurement unit is as follows:

[0040]

[0041] Where: Q is the flow rate through the gate; A is the opening area of the gate; H 1 is the water level in front of the gate.

[0042] The gate state calculation based on image processing in the video unit is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] Detect the pixel distance d from the top of the gate to the bottom of the image through image recognition technology, and combine it with the total height D of the image to calculate the opening H of the current gate; H max is the maximum opening.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a flat-bottom short-throat measurement and control integrated flume gate, which has the following

[0046] Beneficial effects:

[0047] 1. In the present invention, the size of the water measuring flume is smaller than that of the Parshall flume under the same conditions, and the water level and flow rate can be regulated by the gate at the throat of the device. The water measurement and observation are convenient. The total cost of the non-integrated water measurement and control device with the same function is lower. The water measurement accuracy meets the requirements of field water measurement in irrigation areas, achieving the beneficial effects of accurate flow measurement, reliable control of opening and closing, and controllable cost.

[0048] 2. In the present invention, the integrated flume gate with a flat bottom and short throat accurately measures the flow at the moment when the gate is fully opened. When the flow is under the designed flow rate condition, the flow at the gate opening is free flow, and the flow measurement error is less than 5%. Compared with the same type of water measuring flume, the accuracy is greatly improved. At the same time, the device has a high degree of automation and intelligence. The water level is measured by a radar water level gauge, and the gate opening is measured by a gate position gauge. The flow rate can also be set according to the needs of users. The internal control terminal synchronously monitors the water level and gate position to calculate the flow rate, and automatically adjusts the gate opening to the set flow rate. It has the advantages of accurate flow measurement, reliable control of opening and closing, controllable cost, compliance with domestic and foreign control device protocols, and can be quickly adapted to the irrigation area information platform, achieving the beneficial effects of meeting domestic and foreign control device protocols and being quickly adapted to the irrigation area information platform. Description of the drawings

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water measuring flume of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gate body of the present invention.

[0052] Among them: 1. Water measuring flume; 101. Converging section; 102. Throat; 103. Diverging section; 2. Gate body. Specific embodiments

[0053] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 1 , the integrated flume gate with a flat bottom and short throat, including a water measuring flume 1 and a gate body 2 installed in the water measuring flume 1. The water measuring flume 1 is composed of three parts: a converging section 101, a throat 102, and a diverging section 103;

[0055] The gate body 2 is also connected to the hoist, control system and power supply system. The gate body 2, hoist, control system and power supply system together form a gate.

[0056] Specifically, both the water measuring flume 1 and the gate body 2 installed in the water measuring flume 1 are made of aerospace aluminum alloy and are subjected to hard anodic treatment on the surface. Through the hard anodic treatment on the surface, they have high strength and strong weather resistance, and the service life is long, reaching 40 years; the transmission components are made of high-quality structural steel with chrome plating on the surface, which is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant.

[0057] Specifically, the reduction motor is a worm and worm gear reducer, which has a reverse self-locking function. The reduction motor uses an encoder for counting, a travel switch for limit control, and a safety switch for power-off control. By using a worm and worm gear reducer, it has a reverse self-locking function, uses an encoder for counting, a travel switch for limit control, and a safety switch for power-off control, and the metering accuracy is higher than 95%, and the operating system is safe and reliable.

[0058] Specifically, the gate body 2 is composed of columns, bottom sills, cross beams, gate plates, screws and water stops. The water stop uses silicone rubber sealing, which has strong weather resistance and anti-aging for up to 30 years; the slide rail uses a high-wear-resistant lining, with small friction and high wear resistance.

[0059] Specifically, the hoist also includes manual hoisting, a reduction motor and a coupling.

[0060] Specifically, the control unit's valve opening control calculation is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] Where: θ is the motor rotation angle; r is the radius of the hoisting wheel, and h is the lifting height;

[0063] The flow rate calculation is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] Where: Q is the flow rate; A is the flow area; H is the water head, which is taken as the water level difference before and after the gate;

[0066] A = (W × θ) × L

[0067] Where: W is the width of the gate; L is the length of the channel, and θ represents the rotation angle of the motor, with the unit of degree;

[0068] When using an absolute encoder for detecting the position of the gate plate, the position P of the gate plate is proportional to the number of pulses N of the encoder:

[0069] Where: P is the position of the gate plate; S is the total lifting stroke of the gate plate; S is the total lifting stroke of the gate plate.

[0070] The calculation formula for the motor power in the control unit valve is:

[0071]

[0072] Where: P motor is the motor power, v is the lifting speed of the gate; F is the water pressure; η is the transmission efficiency.

[0073] The water pressure calculation in the control unit is as follows:

[0074] F = ρ × g × h × A

[0075] Where: F is the water pressure; g is the acceleration due to gravity; A is the area of the gate;

[0076] The transmission delay T of the remote control instruction in the wireless communication module is calculated by the network communication delay and the system processing time:

[0077] T = T net + T proc

[0078] Where: T is the total delay time; T proc is the system processing time, T net is the net torque;

[0079] The opening and closing time t of the gate is calculated by the lifting speed of the gate and the lifting height of the gate:

[0080]

[0081] Where: t is the opening and closing time; v is the lifting speed of the gate.

[0082] The flow rate measurement unit calculates the flow rate through the gate as:

[0083]

[0084] Where: Q is the flow rate through the gate; A is the opening area of the gate; H 1 is the water level in front of the gate.

[0085] The gate state calculation based on image processing in the video unit is as follows:

[0086]

[0087] Detect the pixel distance d from the top of the gate to the bottom of the image through image recognition technology, and combine it with the total height D of the image to calculate the opening H of the current gate; H max is the maximum opening.

[0088] The control system consists of an operation panel (with a built-in touch screen and buttons), a gate controller, a power conversion module, a video module, etc. The control cabinet is controlled by a remotely developed remote terminal controller, compatible with electric and manual opening and closing, capable of accurately controlling the opening and closing of the gate, and having the function of emergency electric opening and closing in case of control failure; compatible with on-site hand-crank control, on-site touch control, remote mobile phone APP control, on-site mobile phone APP Bluetooth control, and computer WEB control, using an absolute encoder and a mechanical code disk, with the function of memorizing the gate opening degree when power is off; the power supply system consists of a solar panel, a pole, a storage battery (buried underground), etc., compatible with solar and mains power supply.

[0089] Embodiment 1

[0090] F is the hydrostatic pressure received by the whole gate, and the force application position is at 2 / 3h of the water level. P is the hydrostatic pressure, linearly distributed from small to large from the water level.

[0091] The hydrostatic pressure is F = 1 / 2rh 2 B

[0092] The hydrostatic pressure (pressure at any point) P = γh

[0093] F: Force on the gate; P: Water pressure; r: Specific weight of water, which is 1*10 4 N / m 3 ; B: Width of the water stop; h: Water level height;

[0094] Calculation result:

[0095] Serial number Gate specification R (kN / m3) B (m) h (m) F (kN) <![CDATA[P 0 (N / m2]]> <![CDATA[)P 1 (N / m2]]> 1 2800*2000 10.00 2.8 2.0 56 <![CDATA[2.0*10 4 > 0

[0096] Check of the gate plate strength

[0097] The gate plate is made of honeycomb aluminum plate composite aluminum plate, with a surface hard anodizing treatment. As shown in the following figure, the middle is a 70mm honeycomb aluminum core material, and the four surrounding frames are 60mm*60mm solid aluminum alloy square materials. The two sides are covered with 5mm aluminum plates each. The honeycomb aluminum core, the frame, and the cover plate are fixed together by honeycomb aluminum forming technology. The total forming thickness is 70mm.

[0098] Gate plate parameters

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] The gate plate parameters are as follows:

[0102] The mechanical parameters of the honeycomb plate are as follows:

[0103]

[0104] Strength simulation

[0105] Modeling is carried out using the gate parameters and honeycomb core mechanical parameters in the above table; pressure is applied according to the water pressure model, and the hydrostatic pressure is shown in the figure below. The gate is simulated through finite element analysis. Hydrostatic pressure application model diagram

[0106] Maximum stress position: the contact position between the bottom of the gate and the doorframe;

[0107] Maximum stress: 2*10 7 / m 2 ;

[0108] Maximum deformation position: the middle position at the bottom of the gate;

[0109] Maximum deformation: 0.517 mm;

[0110] Material yield strength: 0.2% yield strength is 1.3*10 8 N / m 2 ;

[0111] Safety factor: 7.37 (the ratio of yield strength to maximum stress);

[0112] Check result: meets the strength requirements.

[0113] Calculation of opening and closing forces

[0114] Calculation formula

[0115] According to the "Design Code for Steel Gates in Water Resources and Hydropower Projects" (SL74-2013), the calculation formulas are as follows:

[0116] Opening force: Fq = n t (T zd +T zs ) + n’ G G + P X +G j +W s

[0117] Closing force: Fw = n t (T zd +T zs ) - n G G + Pt;

[0118] Uplift force: P t = γβ t HD 1 B zs

[0119] When the calculation result is a "positive" value, weight needs to be added; when it is a "negative" value, it can be closed by its own weight.

[0120] Calculation of opening and closing forces

[0121] n T Coefficient of safety against frictional resistance, with a value of 1.2; n G Correction coefficient of the self-weight of the gate, with a value of 0.9; W s Weight of the water column acting on the gate, with a value of 0; P t Uplift force; β t Uplift coefficient, with a value of 1.0, D 1 Distance from the bottom water level of the gate to the upstream panel is 0.20 m; n’ G Correction coefficient of the gate when calculating the main holding force and the gate lifting force, with a value of 1.1; G self-weight of the gate; Gj weight of the weight added is 0; PX downward suction force is 0; Tzd support frictional resistance; Tzs water-stop frictional resistance;

[0122] Coefficient of friction of the slider f = 0.3 (coefficient of friction between aluminum alloy and rubber is 0.25)

[0123] Lifting force required for the operation of the aluminum alloy gate:

[0124] Serial number b (mm) h (mm) t (mm) Self weight (kg) Lifting force of the gate (kN) Uplift force (kN) Closing force of the gate (kN) 1 2800 2000 70 318 20.52 4.2 16.02

[0125] Motor type selection check

[0126] P = F q *h*A / tμ

[0127] h: Lifting distance, maximum is 2 m; A: Margin coefficient, take 2.5; μ: Transmission efficiency, with a value of 0.5; t: Opening and closing time, about 780 s; Calculated: The power required for the gate is 240 W; The minimum safety factor of the gate plate is 7.37, the strength meets the requirements, the motor power is 240 w, and it meets the maximum opening and closing requirements in harsh environments.

[0128] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flat-bottomed short-throat measurement and control integrated trough gate, comprising a water measuring trough (1) and a gate body (2) installed in the water measuring trough (1), characterized in that: The water measuring trough (1) is composed of three parts: a contraction section (101), a throat (102) and a diffusion section (103); the gate body (2) is also connected to a gate hoist, a control system and a power supply system, and the gate body (2), the gate hoist, the control system and the power supply system together constitute a gate; The control system is composed of a power supply unit, a gate body (2), a power unit, a protection unit, a control unit, a flow measurement unit and a video unit. The gate body (2), the control unit and the power supply unit are independently designed and connected to each other via a data line. The power supply unit is used to provide a stable power supply for the entire gate system, including a solar power supply system, a battery and a power management module, to ensure that the system can operate stably for a long time in a field environment; The gate body (2) is the main structure of the gate and bears the water pressure and load; The power unit is used to provide power for opening and closing the gate; The protection unit is used to protect the gate system from external environmental factors, including waterproof, dustproof, anti-corrosion and other measures to ensure the reliable operation of the system in harsh environments; The control unit is used to realize intelligent control of the gate, including a remote control terminal, a sensor, a gate position meter, etc., which is responsible for receiving remote instructions, monitoring the gate status, controlling the opening of the gate, using an absolute encoder to detect the gate position, and having a power-off memory function; it is connected to the remote control center through a wireless communication module to realize real-time data transmission and remote control; The flow measurement unit is used to measure the flow through the gate, and the flow through the gate is calculated by collecting water level information before and after the gate and flow calculation software, combined with sensor data; The video unit is used for real-time monitoring of the gate site, including a camera, a video capture card, and a video transmission module. It is responsible for collecting the on-site gate status, flow data and video images, and uploading them to the remote control center. The camera uses a high-definition, wide dynamic range industrial-grade camera, supports infrared fill light at night, and ensures clear imaging under various lighting conditions; video transmission uses 4G / 5G wireless communication technology to realize real-time data transmission.

2. The flat-bottomed short-throat measurement and control integrated slot gate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water measuring tank (1) and the gate body (2) installed in the water measuring tank (1) are both made of aviation aluminum alloy, and the surface is hard-anodized.

3. The flat-bottomed short-throat measurement and control integrated slot gate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reduction motor is a worm gear type reduction gear with a reverse self-locking function. The reduction motor adopts encoder counting, travel switch limit, and safety switch power-off control.

4. The flat-bottomed short-throat measurement and control integrated slot gate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gate body (2) is composed of a column, a bottom sill, a cross beam, a gate plate, a screw and a water-stop seal.

5. The flat-bottomed short-throat measurement and control integrated slot gate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hoist also includes a manual hoist, a reduction motor and a coupling.

6. The flat-bottomed short-throat measurement and control integrated slot gate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control unit valve opening control calculation is: Where: θ is the motor rotation angle; r is the radius of the winch wheel, and h is the lifting height; The flow rate is calculated as: Where: Q is the flow rate; A is the flow area; H is the water head, which is the water level difference before and after the gate; A=(W×θ)×L Where: W is the gate width; L is the channel length, θ represents the motor rotation angle, the unit is degree; When using an absolute encoder to detect the gate position, the gate position P is proportional to the encoder pulse number N: Where: P is the gate position; S is the total stroke of the gate lift; S is the total stroke of the gate lift.

7. The flat-bottomed short-throat measurement and control integrated slot gate according to claim 6 is characterized by: The formula for calculating the motor power in the control unit valve is: Where: P motor is the motor power, v is the gate lifting speed; F is the water pressure; η is the transmission efficiency.

8. The flat-bottomed short-throat measurement and control integrated slot gate according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The water pressure in the control unit is calculated as: F=ρ×g×h×A Where: F is the water pressure; g is the acceleration of gravity; A is the gate area; The transmission delay T of the remote control command in the wireless communication module is calculated by the network communication delay and the system processing time: T=T net +T proc Where: T is the total delay time; T proc is the system processing time, T net is the net torque; The gate opening and closing time t is calculated by the gate lifting speed and gate lifting height: Among them: t is the opening and closing time; v is the gate lifting speed.

9. The flat-bottomed short-throat measurement and control integrated slot gate according to claim 4 is characterized by: The flow measuring unit calculates the flow through the gate as: Where: Q is the flow through the gate; A is the opening area of ​​the gate; H1 is the water level in front of the gate.

10. The flat-bottomed short-throat measurement and control integrated slot gate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gate state calculation based on image processing in the video unit is: The pixel distance d from the top of the gate to the bottom of the image is detected by image recognition technology, and the current gate opening H is calculated in combination with the total height D of the image; H max is the maximum opening.

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