Floating type direction-adjusting anti-collision device and method for navigation wall section ship access gate

Abstract

The invention provides a floating type direction-adjusting anti-collision device and method for a navigation wall section ship entering and exiting a lock. The floating type direction-adjusting anti-collision device comprises floating type direction-adjusting anti-collision units arranged along a navigation wall lock wall at intervals. Each floating type direction-adjusting anti-collision unit comprises a buoy support body, support guide wheel sets matched with lock wall guide rails are installed at the upper end and the lower end of each buoy support body respectively, and fender bases are hinged to the outer side walls of the support guide wheel sets through a plurality of dampers. An elastic buffering mechanism and a telescopic guiding mechanism are arranged between the fender base and the buoy support body, a rubber fender body is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fender base, a buoy is hinged to the bottom end of the buoy support body through a connecting rod, and the buoy is arranged in a navigation wall lock wall in a sliding mode through a buoy guiding wheel set. Through the anti-collision device, the navigation wall can be protected, a ship can be assisted to adjust the direction, the damage of rigid collision to the ship is reduced, the service life of anti-collision facilities is prolonged, meanwhile, the anti-collision device can be rapidly replaced, the influence on navigation is reduced, and anti-collision materials can be saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of protection of lock facilities in water transportation engineering, and particularly relates to a floating direction-adjusting anti-collision device and method for ships entering and leaving a lock in a navigation wall section. Background Art

[0002] The upstream and downstream navigation walls of a lock are directly connected to the lock head of the lock or the ship lift, and their main function is to guide ships to safely and smoothly enter and leave the lock or the ship lift. When a ship passes through the navigation wall section, situations often occur where the ship hits the navigation wall and the ship straddles the approach channel and gets stuck due to reasons such as ship operation errors, excessive lateral water flow, ship speeding, and narrow approach channels. Especially in narrow curved and rapid river sections, such situations are more likely to occur. Since the fixed navigation wall structure is applicable to most situations, such structures are mostly adopted in the early design of the navigation walls of lock approach channels.

[0003] To improve the situation of the navigation wall being hit by ships, domestic locks have adopted anti-collision measures such as installing steel fenders and traditional rubber fenders on the lock wall, which have protected the hydraulic structure to a certain extent. However, when anti-collision facilities such as steel fenders and rubber fenders collide with ships, since the steel fenders are fixed on the lock wall, the collision is basically a rigid collision, which causes greater damage to both the protection facilities and the ships, resulting in poor durability of the protection facilities, difficult repair after the protection facilities are damaged, and the need to stop navigation for on-site maintenance, which has a greater impact on navigation. Especially in busy shipping sections, it is not allowed to easily stop navigation for maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the current technical problems, the main purpose of the invention is to provide a floating direction-adjusting anti-collision device and method for ships entering and leaving a lock in a navigation wall section. Through the anti-collision device, the protection of the navigation wall can be realized and the ship can be assisted in adjusting its direction, reducing the damage of rigid collision to the ship, extending the service life of the anti-collision facilities, realizing the rapid replacement of the anti-collision device, reducing the impact on navigation, and saving anti-collision materials.

[0005] To achieve the above technical features, the object of the invention is realized as follows: A floating direction-adjusting anti-collision device for ships entering and leaving a lock in a navigation wall section includes floating direction-adjusting anti-collision units arranged at intervals along the lock wall of the navigation wall; Each floating direction-adjusting anti-collision unit respectively includes a floating barrel support body. The upper and lower ends of the floating barrel support body are respectively installed with a support guide wheel group that cooperates with the lock wall guide rail. The outer side wall of the support guide wheel group is hinged with a fender base through a plurality of dampers. An elastic buffer mechanism and a telescopic guide mechanism are arranged between the fender base and the floating barrel support body. A rubber fender main body is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fender base. The bottom end of the floating barrel support body is hinged with a floating barrel through a connecting rod, and the floating barrel is slidably arranged inside the lock wall of the navigation wall through a floating barrel guide wheel group.

[0006] Preferably, the bracket guide wheel set includes a first transverse roller and a first longitudinal roller which are symmetrically arranged. The first transverse roller and the first longitudinal roller are respectively in rolling cooperation with the transverse and longitudinal inner walls of the lock wall guide rail, and enable the floating barrel bracket body to move up and down only along the lock wall guide rail.

[0007] Preferably, first damper lugs are symmetrically fixed on the outer wall of the bracket guide wheel set. The base of the damper is hinged with a corresponding damper pin shaft, and both ends of the damper pin shaft are fixedly connected with the first damper lugs through long bolts.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic buffer mechanism includes a plurality of first spring bases fixed on the back of the fender base. Springs are correspondingly installed on the first spring bases, and the other ends of the springs are positioned inside the second spring bases, and the second spring bases are fixed inside the floating barrel bracket body; The damper restricts the spring from disengaging from the first spring base and the second spring base.

[0009] Preferably, the telescopic guide mechanism includes guide rods symmetrically fixed on the back of the fender base. The other ends of the guide rods pass through guide sleeves, and the guide sleeves are fixed on the outer wall of the floating barrel bracket body.

[0010] Preferably, when the spring is compressed to the maximum, there is still a certain surplus distance between the guide sleeve and the guide rod. When the spring extends to the maximum, there is still a section of the guide rod located inside the guide sleeve, so that the guide rod can move horizontally along the direction perpendicular to the water flow and bear the gravity of the rubber fender body and the fender base itself at the same time.

[0011] Preferably, the outer contour of the rubber fender body is a cylindrical surface. A hollow cylinder is processed at the central part of the rubber fender body. Ear plates are arranged on both sides of the bottom end of the rubber fender body, and the ear plates are fixedly connected with the fender base through connecting bolts and nuts.

[0012] Preferably, multiple groups of symmetrically arranged second damper lugs are arranged on the back of the fender base. The end of the piston rod of the damper is hinged with a corresponding damper pin shaft, and both ends of the damper pin shaft are fixedly connected with the second damper lugs through long bolts.

[0013] Preferably, the floating barrel includes an upper floating barrel cylinder body. A floating barrel guide wheel set is installed on the upper part of the upper floating barrel cylinder body. The floating barrel guide wheel set includes a second transverse roller and a second longitudinal roller which are symmetrically arranged. The second transverse roller and the second longitudinal roller are respectively in rolling cooperation with the transverse and longitudinal inner walls of the lock wall guide rail, and enable the floating barrel to move up and down only along the lock wall guide rail; A floating barrel draft line is arranged on the floating barrel; A floating barrel bracket lifting lug is arranged at the top of the floating barrel bracket body; A floating barrel lifting ring is arranged at the top of the floating barrel; The top end of the connecting rod is hinged to the bottom end of the floating drum support body through an upper fixed pin shaft, and the bottom end of the connecting rod is hinged to the top end of the floating drum through a lower fixed pin shaft; The floating drum support body adopts a box structure and is provided with reinforcing plates inside.

[0014] Preferably, on the other hand, a method for operating a floating alignment and anti-collision device for ships entering and leaving the lock of a navigation wall section is provided, including the following steps: Step 1, installation of the floating alignment and anti-collision unit: Using a hoisting device, the floating drum and the floating drum support body assembled and connected by the connecting rod are hoisted as a whole into the lock wall of the navigation wall, and it is ensured that the support guide wheel set and the floating drum guide wheel set form a sliding guiding fit with the lock wall guide rail; Step 2, floating lifting of the floating alignment and anti-collision unit: After the installation and arrangement of the entire floating alignment and anti-collision unit are completed, under the buoyancy of water, the floating drum keeps the relative position of the entire floating alignment and anti-collision unit unchanged with the water surface; the support guide wheel set and the floating drum guide wheel set are used to overcome the friction with the lock wall guide rail to ensure smooth up and down movement; Step 3, anti-collision of the ship: When the ship is sailing inside the lock chamber and is impacted by unstable water flow and hits the lock wall, the ship will first hit the rubber fender main body. At this time, the rubber fender main body uses rubber extrusion to absorb energy, buffer the impact force, reduce the collision noise and vibration, and protect the hydraulic structure of the navigation wall and the ship itself from being damaged; At the same time, the rubber fender main body will synchronously transmit the impact to the elastic buffer mechanism, and the elastic buffer mechanism will be compressed to absorb the energy of the ship's impact or jamming; Step 4, restoration of the ship's position: After the ship hits the rubber fender main body, under the compression and buffering effect of the elastic buffer mechanism, when the ship's speed gradually drops to 0, the elastic buffer mechanism slowly recovers, releases energy, and pushes the rubber fender main body outwards, so as to act on the ship in a gentle way, and make the ship straddling the approach channel straighten its direction; Step 5, replacement of the floating alignment and anti-collision unit: When the anti-collision device is damaged, the anti-collision device is hoisted out as a whole through the lifting lugs installed on the floating drum support body. After replacing it with a spare part, it is transported back to the yard for overhaul to shorten the navigation suspension and overhaul time and reduce the impact on navigation.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention makes full use of the performance of two different structures of rubber fenders and springs to double-absorb and buffer the energy of ship impact or extrusion, achieving a better anti-collision effect and effectively protecting the hydraulic structure of the navigation wall and the ship itself from being damaged.

[0016] 2. The present invention utilizes the compressible and extensible ability of the spring. During the process of the spring restoring its deformation, there is an outward pushing force on the ship, assisting the ship slanting across the approach channel to adjust its direction and enabling the ship to smoothly enter and exit the lock.

[0017] 3. The present invention utilizes the combined anti-collision mode of the rubber fender and the spring, which can achieve a better shock absorption effect, reducing the collision noise and vibration.

[0018] 4. The present invention utilizes the buoyancy of the water body acting on the pontoon as the lifting power source of the anti-collision device, which can well adapt to the situation of large fluctuations in the water level of the approach channel.

[0019] 5. The present invention utilizes the compressible property of the spring. When the ship collides, the anti-collision device can move within a certain range, playing a better role in unloading force, better protecting the rubber fender and the ship itself, and avoiding serious collision damage.

[0020] 6. The anti-collision device of the present invention can achieve rapid maintenance and replacement. The anti-collision device adopts a floating type with up-and-down lifting movement and is not fixed on the lock wall. It can be quickly hoisted out as a whole or in part when repair is needed, and spare parts can be quickly replaced, greatly reducing the lockout maintenance time and reducing the impact on navigation.

[0021] 7. The present invention utilizes the buoyancy of the water body acting on the pontoon as the lifting power source of the anti-collision device, which can well adapt to the situation of large fluctuations in the water level of the approach channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of the position where the main body of the pontoon support is located in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is the front view of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional view of the position where the connecting rod is located in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is an exploded view of the position where the main body of the pontoon support is located from the first perspective in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the position where the main body of the pontoon support is located from the second perspective in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a top view of the installation state of the overall device in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall device installation state of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: rubber fender main body 1, hollow cylinder 2, ear plate 3, connecting bolt 4, fender base 5, guide rod 6, first spring base 7, second damper ear seat 8, damper bolt assembly 9, damper 10, spring 11, buoy bracket main body 12, buoy bracket lifting lug 13, first transverse roller 14, first longitudinal roller 15, second spring base 16, first damper ear seat 17, guide sleeve 18, upper fixed pin shaft 19, buoy 20, upper buoy cylinder 21, buoy draft line 22, second longitudinal roller 23, second transverse roller 24, connecting rod 25, lower fixed pin shaft 26, buoy lifting ring 27, navigation wall lock wall 28, lock wall guide rail 29, reinforcing plate 30, long bolt 31, damper pin shaft 32. Specific embodiments

[0032] The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings.

[0033] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 1-8 , a floating alignment and anti-collision device for ships entering and leaving the lock of a navigation wall section, including floating alignment and anti-collision units arranged at intervals along the navigation wall lock wall 28; each floating alignment and anti-collision unit respectively includes a buoy bracket main body 12, and bracket guide wheel groups that cooperate with the lock wall guide rail 29 are installed at the upper and lower ends of the buoy bracket main body 12. A fender base 5 is hinged to the outer side wall of the bracket guide wheel group through a plurality of dampers 10. An elastic buffer mechanism and a telescopic guiding mechanism are arranged between the fender base 5 and the buoy bracket main body 12. A rubber fender main body 1 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fender base 5. The bottom end of the buoy bracket main body 12 is hinged to a buoy 20 through a connecting rod 25, and the buoy 20 is slidably arranged inside the navigation wall lock wall 28 through a buoy guide wheel group. By adopting the above floating alignment and anti-collision device, the protection of the navigation wall can be realized, the direction of the ship can be assisted in adjusting, the damage to the ship caused by rigid collision can be reduced, the service life of the anti-collision facilities can be prolonged, the rapid replacement of the anti-collision device can be realized, the impact on navigation can be reduced, and anti-collision materials can be saved.

[0034] During the specific operation process, the relative position between the buoy 20 and the water surface is kept unchanged under the action of buoyancy. The bracket guide wheel group and the buoy guide wheel group are used to overcome the friction between the mechanism and the lock wall guide rail 29 to ensure smooth up and down movement. The upper end of the connecting rod 25 is connected to the buoy bracket through a connecting pin shaft, and the lower end is connected to the upper buoy cylinder through a connecting pin shaft, so that the buoy and the buoy bracket become an integral body.

[0035] Specifically, the floating alignment anti-collision unit can satisfy three functions simultaneously. First, it can float up and down with the water level of the waterway, being well applicable to the situation where the water level variation in the approach channel of the navigation wall is large. Second, it uses a double anti-collision structure of the rubber fender main body 1 and the elastic buffer mechanism, having better anti-collision ability, and the anti-collision device can move within a certain range, playing a better role in unloading force, while effectively protecting the rubber fender and the ship itself to avoid serious collision damage. Third, it adopts an elastic buffer mechanism, and by using the ability of the elastic buffer mechanism to recover after being compressed, a ship deviating from the direction can be pushed out to assist the ship in adjusting its direction.

[0036] Furthermore, the bracket guide wheel set includes symmetrically arranged first transverse rollers 14 and first longitudinal rollers 15. The first transverse rollers 14 and the first longitudinal rollers 15 are respectively in rolling cooperation with the transverse and longitudinal inner walls of the lock wall guide rail 29, and enable the floating barrel bracket main body 12 to only move up and down along the lock wall guide rail 29. The above-mentioned bracket guide wheel set plays a very good guiding role, thus ensuring smooth sliding inside the lock wall guide rail 29.

[0037] Furthermore, first damper lugs 17 are symmetrically fixed on the outer wall of the bracket guide wheel set. The base of the damper 10 is hinged with a corresponding damper pin 32, and both ends of the damper pin 32 are fixedly connected to the first damper lugs 17 through long bolts 31. The reliable hinged installation of the damper 10 can be achieved through the above-mentioned first damper lugs 17.

[0038] Furthermore, the elastic buffer mechanism includes a plurality of first spring bases 7 fixed on the back of the fender base 5. Springs 11 are correspondingly installed on the first spring bases 7, and the other ends of the springs 11 are positioned inside the second spring bases 16, and the second spring bases 16 are fixed inside the floating barrel bracket main body 12; the damper 10 restricts the springs 11 from slipping out of the first spring bases 7 and the second spring bases 16. The elastic buffer mechanism can be used to buffer the impact of the ship and enable the ship to return to its position.

[0039] Utilizing the compressible property of the spring, when the ship collides, the anti-collision device can move within a certain range, playing a better role in unloading force, better protecting the rubber fender and the ship itself to avoid serious collision damage.

[0040] After the ship impacts and compresses the spring, during the process of the spring recovering its deformation, there is an outward pushing force on the ship, assisting the ship that is diagonally crossing the approach channel to adjust its direction, enabling the ship to smoothly enter and exit the lock.

[0041] Further, the telescopic guiding mechanism includes guiding rods 6 symmetrically fixed to the back of the fender base 5. The other ends of the guiding rods 6 pass through guiding sleeves 18, and the guiding sleeves 18 are fixed to the outer wall of the floating barrel bracket body 12. The telescopic guiding mechanism can achieve telescopic guiding of the fender base 5, thereby ensuring the smoothness of its telescoping.

[0042] Further, when the spring 11 is compressed to the maximum, there is still a certain surplus distance between the guiding sleeve 18 and the guiding rod 6. When the spring 11 extends to the maximum, there is still a section of the guiding rod 6 located inside the guiding sleeve 18, so that the guiding rod 6 can move horizontally along the direction perpendicular to the water flow and at the same time bear the gravity of the rubber fender main body 1 and the fender base 5 itself. Through the above-mentioned dimensional structure, the detachment of the spring 11 is effectively prevented, and it is ensured that it can play a good buffering effect.

[0043] Further, the outer contour of the rubber fender main body 1 is a cylindrical surface. A hollow cylinder 2 is machined at the central part of the rubber fender main body 1. Ear plates 3 are arranged on both sides of the bottom end of the rubber fender main body 1. The ear plates 3 are fixedly connected to the fender base 5 through connecting bolts 4 and nuts 8.

[0044] Further, multiple groups of symmetrically arranged second damper ear seats 8 are arranged on the back of the fender base 5. The end of the piston rod of the damper 10 is hinged with a corresponding damper pin 32, and both ends of the damper pin 32 are fixedly connected to the second damper ear seat 8 through long bolts 31.

[0045] Further, the floating barrel 20 includes an upper floating barrel cylinder body 21. A floating barrel guiding wheel set is installed on the upper part of the upper floating barrel cylinder body 21. The floating barrel guiding wheel set includes symmetrically arranged second transverse rollers 24 and second longitudinal rollers 23. The second transverse rollers 24 and the second longitudinal rollers 23 are respectively in rolling cooperation with the transverse and longitudinal inner walls of the lock wall guide rail 29, and the floating barrel 20 can only move up and down along the lock wall guide rail 29; Further, a floating barrel draft line 22 is arranged on the floating barrel 20. Through the floating barrel draft line 22, it is convenient to display the draft position of the floating barrel 20.

[0046] Further, a floating barrel bracket lifting lug 13 is arranged at the top of the floating barrel bracket body 12. Through the floating barrel bracket lifting lug 13, it is convenient to hoist the floating barrel bracket body 12. When the anti-collision device is damaged, the anti-collision device can be hoisted out as a whole through the lifting lug installed on the floating barrel bracket. After replacing it with a spare part, it is transported back to the field for maintenance, greatly shortening the navigation suspension maintenance time and reducing the impact on navigation.

[0047] Further, a buoy sling 27 is provided at the top of the buoy 20. The buoy sling 27 facilitates the hoisting of the buoy 20. When the anti-collision device is damaged, the entire anti-collision device can be lifted out through the lifting lug installed on the buoy bracket. After replacing it with a spare part, it is transported back to the site for maintenance, greatly shortening the navigation suspension maintenance time and reducing the impact on navigation.

[0048] Further, the top end of the connecting rod 25 is hinged to the bottom end of the buoy bracket main body 12 through an upper fixed pin shaft 19, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 25 is hinged to the top end of the buoy 20 through a lower fixed pin shaft 26; through the above connection structure of the connecting rod 25, the hinged connection between the buoy bracket main body 12 and the buoy 20 is facilitated.

[0049] Further, the buoy bracket main body 12 adopts a box structure, and a reinforcing plate 30 is arranged inside. The structural strength and stability of the buoy bracket main body 12 are enhanced through the above reinforcing plate 30.

[0050] Embodiment 2: Provide Step 1, installation of the floating alignment anti-collision unit: Using a hoisting device, the buoy 20 and the buoy bracket main body 12 assembled and connected through the connecting rod 25 are hoisted as a whole into the navigation wall lock wall 28, and it is ensured that the bracket guide wheel set and the buoy guide wheel set form a sliding guiding fit with the lock wall guide rail 29; Step 2, floating lifting of the floating alignment anti-collision unit: After the entire floating alignment anti-collision unit is installed and arranged, under the buoyancy of water, the buoy 20 keeps the relative position of the entire floating alignment anti-collision unit unchanged with the water surface; the bracket guide wheel set and the buoy guide wheel set are used to overcome the friction force with the lock wall guide rail 29 to ensure smooth up and down movement; Step 3, anti-collision of the ship: When the ship is sailing inside the lock chamber and is impacted by unstable water flow and hits the lock wall, the ship will first hit the rubber fender main body 1. At this time, the rubber fender main body 1 uses rubber extrusion to absorb energy, buffer the impact force, reduce the collision noise and vibration, and protect the navigation wall hydraulic structure and the ship itself from being damaged; At the same time, the rubber fender main body 1 will synchronously transmit the impact to the elastic buffer mechanism, and the elastic buffer mechanism will be compressed to absorb the energy of the ship's impact or jamming; Step 4, restoration of the ship's position: After the ship hits the rubber fender main body 1, under the compression buffering effect of the elastic buffer mechanism, when the ship's speed gradually drops to 0, the elastic buffer mechanism slowly recovers, releases energy, and pushes the rubber fender main body 1 outwards, so as to act on the ship in a gentle way and straighten the direction of the ship straddling the approach channel; Step 5, replacement of the floating alignment anti-collision unit: When the anti-collision device is damaged, the whole anti-collision device is lifted out through the lifting lug installed on the buoy bracket body 12. After replacing it with a spare part, it is transported back to the yard for maintenance as a whole, so as to shorten the navigation suspension maintenance time and reduce the impact on navigation.

Claims

1. A floating steering and anti-collision device for ships entering and exiting a lock in a navigation wall section, characterized in that: It includes floating steering and anti-collision units arranged at intervals along the navigation wall gate wall (28); Each floating steering and anti-collision unit comprises a buoy support body (12), the upper and lower ends of the buoy support body (12) are respectively provided with support guide wheel groups that match the gate wall guide rail (29), a fender base (5) is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the support guide wheel group through a plurality of dampers (10), an elastic buffer mechanism and a telescopic guide mechanism are provided between the fender base (5) and the buoy support body (12), a rubber fender body (1) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fender base (5), a buoy (20) is hingedly connected to the bottom end of the buoy support body (12) through a connecting rod (25), and the buoy (20) is slidably arranged inside the navigation wall gate wall (28) through the buoy guide wheel group.

2. According to claim 1, a floating steering and anti-collision device for navigation wall section ships entering and exiting a lock, characterized in that: The support guide wheel group comprises a first transverse roller (14) and a first longitudinal roller (15) which are symmetrically arranged. The first transverse roller (14) and the first longitudinal roller (15) respectively roll with the transverse and longitudinal inner walls of the gate wall guide rail (29) and enable the buoy support body (12) to move up and down only along the gate wall guide rail (29).

3. According to claim 2, a floating steering and anti-collision device for navigation wall section ships entering and exiting a lock, characterized in that: A first damper ear seat (17) is symmetrically fixed on the outer wall of the bracket guide wheel group, a corresponding damper pin shaft (32) is hinged on the base of the damper (10), and both ends of the damper pin shaft (32) are fixedly connected to the first damper ear seat (17) by long bolts (31).

4. According to claim 2, a floating steering and anti-collision device for navigation wall section ships entering and exiting a lock, characterized in that: The elastic buffer mechanism comprises a plurality of first spring bases (7) fixed to the back of the fender base (5), a spring (11) being correspondingly mounted on the first spring base (7), the other end of the spring (11) being positioned inside a second spring base (16), and the second spring base (16) being fixed inside a buoy support body (12); The damper (10) constrains the spring (11) so that it does not fall off the first spring base (7) and the second spring base (16).

5. According to claim 4, a floating steering and anti-collision device for navigation wall section ships entering and exiting a lock, characterized in that: The telescopic guide mechanism comprises a guide rod (6) symmetrically fixed on the back of the fender base (5), the other end of the guide rod (6) passes through a guide sleeve (18), and the guide sleeve (18) is fixed on the outer wall of the buoy support body (12).

6. A floating steering and anti-collision device for navigation wall section ships entering and exiting a lock according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the spring (11) is compressed to the maximum, the guide sleeve (18) still has a certain margin of clearance with the guide rod (6); when the spring (11) is extended to the maximum, a section of the guide rod (6) is still located in the guide sleeve (18), so that the guide rod (6) can move horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the water flow while bearing the gravity of the rubber fender body (1) and the fender base (5).

7. According to claim 5, a floating steering and anti-collision device for navigation wall section ships entering and exiting a lock, characterized in that: The outer contour of the rubber fender body (1) is a cylindrical surface, a hollow cylinder (2) is processed at the center of the rubber fender body (1), and ear plates (3) are arranged on both sides of the bottom end of the rubber fender body (1), and the ear plates (3) are fixedly connected to the fender base (5) by connecting bolts (4) and nuts (8).

8. According to claim 3, a floating steering and anti-collision device for navigation wall section ships entering and exiting a lock, characterized in that: The back of the fender base (5) is provided with a plurality of groups of symmetrically arranged second damper ear seats (8), the piston rod end of the damper (10) is hinged with a corresponding damper pin (32), and the two ends of the damper pin (32) are fixedly connected to the second damper ear seats (8) by long bolts (31).

9. The floating steering and anti-collision device for navigation wall section ships entering and exiting a lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buoy (20) comprises an upper buoy body (21), the upper part of which is provided with a buoy guide wheel assembly, the buoy guide wheel assembly comprising a symmetrically arranged second transverse roller (24) and a second longitudinal roller (23), the second transverse roller (24) and the second longitudinal roller (23) respectively rollingly cooperating with the transverse and longitudinal inner walls of the gate wall guide rail (29), so that the buoy (20) can only move up and down along the gate wall guide rail (29); The buoy (20) is provided with a buoy waterline (22); A buoy support lifting lug (13) is provided on the top of the buoy support body (12); A buoy lifting ring (27) is provided on the top of the buoy (20); The top end of the connecting rod (25) is hingedly connected to the bottom end of the buoy support body (12) via an upper fixed pin shaft (19), and the bottom end of the connecting rod (25) is hingedly connected to the top end of the buoy (20) via a lower fixed pin shaft (26); The buoy support body (12) adopts a box-type structure and is provided with a reinforcing plate (30) inside.

10. The method for operating the floating steering and anti-collision device for navigation wall section ships entering and exiting the lock according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, installation of floating steering and anti-collision unit: Using a lifting device, the buoy (20) and the buoy bracket body (12) assembled and connected by the connecting rod (25) are hoisted as a whole and placed into the navigation wall gate wall (28), and it is ensured that the bracket guide wheel group and the buoy guide wheel group form a sliding guide cooperation with the gate wall guide rail (29); Step 2: Floating and lifting of the floating direction adjustment and anti-collision unit: After the entire floating steering and anti-collision unit is installed and arranged, the buoy (20) maintains a constant relative position between the entire floating steering and anti-collision unit and the water surface under the buoyancy of the water; the bracket guide wheel group and the buoy guide wheel group are used to overcome the friction force with the gate wall guide rail (29) to ensure smooth up and down movement; Step 3, ship collision avoidance: When a ship is sailing inside the lock chamber and is impacted by unstable water flow and collides with the lock wall, the ship will first collide with the rubber fender body (1). At this time, the rubber fender body (1) absorbs energy by rubber extrusion, buffers the impact force, reduces collision noise and vibration, and protects the navigation wall hydraulic structure and the ship itself from damage; At the same time, the rubber fender body (1) will synchronously transmit the impact to the elastic buffer mechanism, and the elastic buffer mechanism will be compressed to absorb the energy of the ship's collision or squeezing; Step 4, recovery of ship position: After the ship hits the rubber fender body (1), under the compression and buffering effect of the elastic buffer mechanism, the ship speed gradually drops to 0, and then the elastic buffer mechanism slowly recovers, releases energy, and pushes the rubber fender body (1) outward, thereby applying force to the ship in a gentle manner, so that the ship diagonally crossing the pilot channel can be straightened; Step 5, Replacement of floating steering and anti-collision unit: When the anti-collision device is damaged, the anti-collision device is hoisted out as a whole through the lifting lugs installed on the buoy support body (12), replaced with spare parts, and then transported back to the site for maintenance, so as to shorten the suspension time for maintenance and reduce the impact on navigation.

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