Single pile foundation connection fan-shaped underwater data center system based on Karman vortex street effect and layout method

Abstract

The invention provides a Karman vortex street effect-based single pile foundation connected fan-shaped underwater data center system and a layout method, and belongs to the field of underwater data centers. The system comprises a single wind power pile foundation, and three rows of underwater data centers are arranged on a seabed at the downstream of the wind power pile foundation; a first water drainage data center, a second water drainage data center and a third water drainage data center are arranged from near to far from the wind power pile foundation. The first row of underwater data center is provided with two underwater data center modules, the second row of underwater data center is provided with four underwater data center modules, and the second row of underwater data center is provided with eight underwater data center modules. The single wind power pile foundation cooperates with the underwater data center arranged in the sector shape, electric energy generated by the wind generating set can supply power to the underwater data center nearby, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the underwater data center module is enhanced and marine organism attachment is inhibited by utilizing the Karman vortex street effect generated by the wind power pile foundation and the underwater data center module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of underwater data centers, and particularly to a single-pile-connected fan-shaped underwater data center system based on the Kármán vortex street effect and a layout method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of global data demand, the energy consumption problem of data centers has become increasingly prominent. The cooling system of traditional onshore data centers accounts for 30%-50% of their total energy consumption. The refrigeration equipment relying on electric drive not only increases the operation cost but also causes significant carbon emission pressure on the environment. As an innovative solution, the Underwater Data Center (UDC) uses the low-temperature characteristics of seawater and natural convection for heat dissipation, which can significantly reduce energy consumption. Existing pilot projects have verified the significant advantages of the deep-sea environment (such as below 100 meters of water depth, with a constant temperature of 4-10°C) for server heat dissipation.

[0003] However, the practical application of underwater data centers still faces multiple technical problems. First, the heat dissipation efficiency depends on the heat exchange effect between seawater and the server shell. Under static or low-speed water flow conditions (such as water flow velocity < 0.5 m / s), the heat transfer efficiency is low, which may cause local overheating of the server, affecting the performance and lifespan of the equipment. Second, the problem of biological attachment commonly existing in the marine environment (such as shellfish and algae) poses a threat to the long-term operation of underwater data centers. The attached substances cover the heat dissipation surface, reducing the heat exchange efficiency and may cause structural corrosion, increasing the maintenance frequency and cost. In addition, underwater equipment usually relies on offshore piles for fixation, and the horseshoe vortices generated by the Kármán vortex street effect formed around the piles will scour the seabed sediment, affecting the structural stability.

[0004] In the prior art, the solutions to the heat dissipation problem mainly include passive heat dissipation design and active cooling systems. Passive heat dissipation relies on the natural convection and heat conduction of seawater, usually by increasing the heat dissipation surface area (such as setting heat sinks) to improve the effect, but its efficiency is limited by the water flow velocity and temperature gradient, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of high-power computing equipment. Active cooling systems enhance heat dissipation by pumping seawater or using liquid cooling technology, but they require additional energy input and complex pipeline designs, which are contrary to the original intention of low energy consumption of underwater data centers. In addition, to address the problem of biological attachment, common anti-fouling means include chemical coatings (such as anti-fouling paints containing copper or zinc) and ultrasonic repelling technology. Although chemical coatings can inhibit biological growth in the short term, the toxic substances released by them may pollute the marine ecosystem, and the coatings peel off over time and need to be replaced regularly, increasing the maintenance difficulty. Ultrasonic technology is difficult to be widely applied in large-scale underwater facilities due to its high energy consumption and limited action range.

[0005] In the field of fluid mechanics, the Kármán vortex street phenomenon, as a classical phenomenon, has been widely studied and applied in engineering design. The Kármán vortex street refers to the periodic vortices formed downstream when a fluid passes through a cylindrical or similar obstacle, which has the characteristics of enhancing turbulence and local shear force. This phenomenon has been applied in scenarios such as ship drag reduction and bridge vibration resistance, but has not been systematically explored in the heat dissipation and anti-biofouling optimization of underwater data centers. Similarly, as an important infrastructure for offshore wind power generation, the cylindrical structure of wind power piles naturally has the conditions to induce the vortex street effect, but currently it is only limited to providing physical support and has not been used for collaborative optimization of water flow and heat dissipation performance with underwater data centers.

[0006] In summary, the existing technologies still have deficiencies in improving the heat dissipation efficiency and inhibiting biofouling of underwater data centers, lacking a comprehensive solution that takes into account energy conservation, environmental protection, and high efficiency. In particular, the potential synergistic effect between wind power piles and underwater data centers has not been fully explored, and the application potential of the Kármán vortex street effect has not been developed. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative method to utilize existing marine infrastructure and fluid mechanics principles to achieve dual optimization of heat dissipation and anti-biofouling of underwater data centers. In the collaborative layout of wind power piles and underwater data centers in the existing technologies, the problems of low heat dissipation efficiency, serious marine biofouling, seabed scouring, and high construction costs have not been effectively solved. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative layout method to achieve efficient heat dissipation, anti-attachment, and anti-scouring by using a single-pile connected fan-shaped structure, while reducing the construction complexity and cost. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the first object of the present invention is to provide a single-pile connected fan-shaped underwater data center system based on the Kármán vortex street effect.

[0008] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] The single-pile connected fan-shaped underwater data center system based on the Kármán vortex street effect includes a single wind power pile. A wind power generation unit is arranged at the top of the wind power pile. Three rows of underwater data centers are arranged on the seabed downstream of the wind power pile. From near to far from the wind power pile, they are the first row of underwater data centers, the second row of underwater data centers, and the third row of underwater data centers. The first row of underwater data centers is provided with two underwater data center modules, the second row of underwater data centers is provided with four underwater data center modules, and the second row of underwater data centers is provided with eight underwater data center modules.

[0010] Preferably, both the first row of underwater data centers and the second row of underwater data centers are provided with multiple columns.

[0011] Preferably, five columns are provided in the first subsea data center, and nine columns are provided in the second subsea data center;

[0012] The five columns of the first subsea data center are arranged at equal intervals, and three of the columns are arranged with two subsea data center modules in between;

[0013] The nine columns of the second subsea data center are arranged at equal intervals, and five of the columns are arranged with four subsea data center modules in between.

[0014] The second object of the present invention is to provide a layout method for a single-pile-connected fan-shaped subsea data center based on the Karman vortex street effect.

[0015] A layout method for a single-pile-connected fan-shaped subsea data center based on the Karman vortex street effect, which is applied to the single-pile-connected fan-shaped subsea data center system as described above, includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Embed the wind power pile foundation 15 - 20 meters into the seabed, and the diameter of the wind power pile foundation is 5 - 10 meters;

[0017] Step 2: Fix the first subsea data center downstream of the wind power pile foundation by 10 - 15 meters. The subsea data center modules are fixed on the seabed through fixed bases, and the length direction of the subsea data center modules forms an angle of 15° - 20° with the main ocean current direction;

[0018] The included angle formed by the wind power pile foundation and the centers of two subsea data center modules of the first subsea data center is 60° - 80°, and the distance between the two subsea data center modules of the first subsea data center is 15 - 20 meters; the height of the five columns is 7 - 10 meters;

[0019] Step 3: Fix the second subsea data center downstream of the wind power pile foundation by 20 - 25 meters. The subsea data center modules are fixed on the seabed through fixed bases, and the length direction of the subsea data center modules forms an angle of 15° - 20° with the main ocean current direction;

[0020] The included angle formed by the wind power pile foundation and the centers of the two outermost subsea data center modules of the second subsea data center is 90° - 110°, and the distance between the subsea data center modules of the second subsea data center is 15 - 20 meters; the height of the nine columns is 7 - 10 meters;

[0021] Step 4: Fix the third subsea data center downstream of the wind power pile foundation by 30 - 35 meters. The subsea data center modules are fixed on the seabed through fixed bases, and the length direction of the subsea data center modules forms an angle of 15° - 20° with the main ocean current direction;

[0022] The included angle formed by the center of the wind power pile foundation and the centers of the two underwater data center modules of the third row of underwater data centers is 130°-150°, and the mutual spacing of the underwater data center modules of the third row of underwater data centers is 15-20 meters.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] In the present invention, through the cooperation of a single wind power pile foundation and underwater data centers arranged in a combined fan shape, the electric energy generated by the wind turbine generator can be used to supply power to the underwater data centers nearby. By utilizing the von Kármán vortex street effect generated by the wind power pile foundation and the underwater data center modules, the heat dissipation efficiency of the underwater data center modules is enhanced, the attachment of marine organisms is inhibited, and at the same time, the seabed is protected, which is applicable to the collaborative application of small and medium-sized offshore wind power and underwater data centers. By utilizing the von Kármán vortex street effect of the wind power pile foundation and the modules, the heat dissipation efficiency reaches 30%-40%, and the biological attachment rate decreases by 75%-80%. A plurality of small columns are arranged between the first row and the second row to enhance the vortex street. A gravel protection layer is laid around the wind power pile foundation, which, in cooperation with the underwater data center modules, can reduce sediment loss and deposit nearby for backfilling when needed. This method is simple in construction and suitable for the collaborative application of small and medium-sized offshore wind power and underwater data centers. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a single-pile combined fan-shaped underwater data center system based on the von Kármán vortex street effect.

[0026] Figure 2 It is a top view of a single-pile combined fan-shaped underwater data center system based on the von Kármán vortex street effect.

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the von Kármán vortex street effect. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] The following further describes the detailed embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] Combined with Figures 1 to 3 , a single-pile combined fan-shaped underwater data center system based on the von Kármán vortex street effect includes a single wind power pile foundation 1, a wind turbine generator 2 is arranged on the top of the wind power pile foundation, and three rows of underwater data centers are arranged on the seabed downstream of the wind power pile foundation.

[0031] The electric energy generated by the wind turbine generator 2 can be directly supplied for use by the underwater data centers.

[0032] Starting from the wind power pile foundation and going from near to far are the first subsea data center, the second subsea data center, and the third subsea data center. The first subsea data center is equipped with two subsea data center modules 3, the second subsea data center is equipped with four subsea data center modules, and the second subsea data center is equipped with eight subsea data center modules.

[0033] The size of the subsea data center module 3 is 13m (length) × 3.6m (width) × 2.1m (height), and the floor area is approximately 46.8m 2 .

[0034] The outer shell of the subsea data center module is made of high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy (thermal conductivity 167W / m·K), with a thickness of 5 - 10 mm, and the surface is coated with an epoxy resin anti-fouling coating.

[0035] The subsea data center module is fixed to the seabed through a fixed base 4, and the subsea data center module is fixed on the fixed base. The fixed base is designed in a triangle, and the fixed base includes three gravity suction anchors 5, which can firmly fix the fixed base on the seabed.

[0036] Both the first subsea data center and the second subsea data center are provided with multiple columns 6.

[0037] There are five columns in the first subsea data center and nine columns 6 in the second subsea data center.

[0038] The five columns in the first subsea data center are arranged at equal intervals, and three of them are arranged with a spacing of two subsea data center modules.

[0039] The nine columns in the second subsea data center are arranged at equal intervals, and five of them are arranged with a spacing of four subsea data center modules.

[0040] The setting of the columns can enhance the Karman vortex street effect.

[0041] Embodiment 2

[0042] A layout method for a single-pile-connected fan-shaped subsea data center based on the Karman vortex street effect, which is applied to the single-pile-connected fan-shaped subsea data center system of Embodiment 1, includes the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Embed the wind power pile foundation 1 into the seabed 15 - 20 meters. The diameter of the wind power pile foundation is 5 - 10 meters, and the diameter of the pile foundation is 5 - 10 meters (preferably 6 meters). The wind power pile foundation is made of corrosion-resistant marine-grade steel.

[0044] After scour pits appear around the wind power pile foundation, fill the scour pits with gravel. The gravel can, to a certain extent, slow down the continuous expansion of the scour pits and prevent sediment loss.

[0045] Step 2: Fix and deploy the first row of underwater data centers 10 - 15 meters downstream of the wind power pile foundation. The underwater data center modules 3 are fixed to the seabed through fixed bases. The length direction of the underwater data center modules forms an angle of 15° - 20° with the main ocean current direction, so as to better scour the underwater data center modules.

[0046] The included angle formed by the wind power pile foundation and the centers of the two underwater data center modules of the first row of underwater data centers is 60° - 80°. The distance between the two underwater data center modules of the first row of underwater data centers is 15 - 20 meters; the height of the five columns 6 is 7 - 10 meters.

[0047] Step 3: Fix and deploy the second row of underwater data centers 20 - 25 meters downstream of the wind power pile foundation. The underwater data centers are fixed to the seabed through fixed bases. The length direction of the underwater data center modules forms an angle of 15° - 20° with the main ocean current direction.

[0048] The included angle formed by the wind power pile foundation and the centers of the two outermost underwater data center modules of the second row of underwater data centers is 90° - 110°. The distance between the underwater data center modules of the second row of underwater data centers is 15 - 20 meters; the height of the nine columns is 7 - 10 meters.

[0049] Step 4: Fix and deploy the third row of underwater data centers 30 - 35 meters downstream of the wind power pile foundation. The underwater data centers are fixed to the seabed through fixed bases. The length direction of the underwater data center modules forms an angle of 15° - 20° with the main ocean current direction.

[0050] The included angle formed by the wind power pile foundation and the centers of the two underwater data center modules of the third row of underwater data centers is 130° - 150°. The distance between the underwater data center modules of the third row of underwater data centers is 15 - 20 meters.

[0051] The setting of the underwater data center modules can also prevent the loss of sediment and cause nearby siltation for backfilling when needed.

[0052] The wind power pile foundation (with a diameter of 6 meters) induces large-scale von Kármán vortex streets (f ≈ 0.033 - 0.067 Hz, flow velocity 1 - 2 m / s), scouring the underwater data center modules of the first row of underwater data centers. The turbulence intensity I > 10%, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the underwater data center modules increases by 35% - 40%.

[0053] The first row of underwater data centers generates secondary vortex streets (f ≈ 0.055 - 0.11 Hz), affecting 4 underwater data center modules of the second row of underwater data centers. The turbulence intensity I > 10% - 12%, and the heat dissipation efficiency is 35% - 38%. The vortex streets of the second row of underwater data centers affect 8 modules in the third row. The turbulence intensity I > 8% - 10%, and the heat dissipation efficiency is 30% - 35%.

[0054] The small columns generate local vortex streets in the first row and the second row, restore the turbulence intensity, and maintain the heat dissipation effect. The eddy current shear force (τ > 0.3 Pa) inhibits biological attachment, and the biological attachment decreases by 75%-80%.

[0055] Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the essence of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single pile foundation-connected fan-shaped underwater data center system based on the Karman vortex street effect, characterized in that: It includes a single wind turbine pile foundation, a wind turbine is arranged on the top of the wind turbine pile foundation, and three rows of underwater data centers are arranged on the seabed downstream of the wind turbine pile foundation, from near to far from the wind turbine pile foundation, they are the first row of underwater data centers, the second row of underwater data centers and the third row of underwater data centers, the first row of underwater data centers is provided with two underwater data center modules, the second row of underwater data centers is provided with four underwater data center modules, and the third row of underwater data centers is provided with eight underwater data center modules.

2. The single pile foundation-connected fan-shaped underwater data center system based on the Karman vortex street effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first row of underground data centers and the second row of underground data centers are both provided with a plurality of columns.

3. The single pile foundation-connected fan-shaped underwater data center system based on the Karman vortex street effect according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Five columns are provided in the first row of underground data centers, and nine columns are provided in the second row of underground data centers; The five columns of the first row of underwater data centers are arranged at equal intervals, with three columns arranged every two underwater data center modules; The nine columns of the second row of underwater data centers are arranged at equal intervals, and five of the columns are arranged with four underwater data center modules spaced apart.

4. A method for laying out a single pile foundation-connected fan-shaped underwater data center based on the Karman vortex street effect, characterized in that: The single pile foundation-connected fan-shaped underwater data center system based on the Karman vortex street effect as described in claim 3 comprises the following steps: Step 1: embed the wind turbine pile foundation 15-20 meters into the seabed, and the diameter of the wind turbine pile foundation is 5-10 meters; Step 2: The first row of underwater data centers is fixedly arranged 10-15 meters downstream of the wind turbine pile foundation. The underwater data center module is fixed on the seabed through a fixed base. The length direction of the underwater data center module forms an angle of 15°-20° with the main ocean current direction. The angle formed by the wind turbine pile foundation to the center of the two underwater data center modules of the first row of underwater data centers is 60°-80°, and the distance between the two underwater data center modules of the first row of underwater data centers is 15-20 meters; the height of the five columns is 7-10 meters; Step 3: The second row of underwater data centers is fixedly arranged 20-25 meters downstream of the wind turbine pile foundation. The underwater data center module is fixed on the seabed through a fixed base. The length direction of the underwater data center module forms an angle of 15°-20° with the main ocean current direction. The angle formed by the wind turbine pile foundation to the center of the two outermost underwater data center modules of the second row of underwater data centers is 90°-110°, and the mutual spacing of the underwater data center modules of the second row of underwater data centers is 15-20 meters; the height of the nine columns is 7-10 meters; Step 4: The third row of underwater data centers is fixedly arranged 30-35 meters downstream of the wind turbine pile foundation. The underwater data center module is fixed on the seabed through a fixed base. The length direction of the underwater data center module forms an angle of 15°-20° with the main ocean current direction. The angle formed by the wind turbine pile foundation to the centers of the two underwater data center modules of the third row of underwater data centers is 130°-150°, and the mutual spacing between the underwater data center modules of the third row of underwater data centers is 15-20 meters.

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