Underground waterproof construction method

Abstract

The invention provides an underground waterproof construction method. The underground waterproof construction method comprises the following steps that the length and the width of a construction area are determined based on a distance measuring wheel device; performing waterproofing on the indoor construction area; and waterproofing is conducted on the underground garage construction area. The construction method has the beneficial effects that the length and the width of the construction area can be determined through the distance measuring wheel device, the construction process is standard, the waterproof effect is good, in addition, the distance measuring wheel device can monitor whether an arrow deviates or not at any time through cooperation of the controller and the distance measuring assembly, and the measurement precision of the construction area is guaranteed; by arranging the auxiliary wheel assembly, the distance measuring wheel can be more conveniently controlled to walk along a straight line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of waterproof construction, and particularly relates to an underground waterproof construction method. Background Art

[0002] Underground waterproof construction refers to the engineering activities of waterproof treatment in buildings or underground projects. It mainly includes the following aspects: Selection of waterproof materials: Select appropriate waterproof materials according to engineering requirements and underground environment, such as waterproof coatings, waterproof concrete, coils, etc. Construction technology: Adopt construction technology such as construction joint treatment, waterproof layer setting, drainage system setting, etc. to ensure the waterproof effect. Construction preparation: Detailed engineering geological investigation, construction plan formulation, and relevant information recording are required before construction. However, at present, there are still problems in underground waterproof construction, such as non-standard construction technology and poor waterproof effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose an underground waterproof construction method to solve at least one of the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0005] An underground waterproof construction method includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Determine the length and width of the construction area based on the ranging wheel device;

[0007] S2. Waterproof the indoor construction area;

[0008] S3. Waterproof the underground garage construction area;

[0009] In step S2, waterproofing the indoor construction area includes the following steps:

[0010] S21. Substrate treatment;

[0011] S22. Batching;

[0012] S23. Apply waterproof coating;

[0013] S24. Detail and joint treatment;

[0014] S25. Inspect the substrate;

[0015] In step S3, waterproofing the underground garage construction area includes the following steps:

[0016] S31. Base surface cleaning;

[0017] S32. Prepare cement slurry;

[0018] S33. Lay a trial paving with a reference line;

[0019] S34. Tear off the release paper at the bottom of the coil;

[0020] S35. Lay the coil;

[0021] S36. Roll to exhaust air;

[0022] S37. Lap and seal the edges and seal the ends;

[0023] S38. Cure and protect the finished product.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S21, the substrate treatment includes:

[0025] The substrate is flat, firm, clean, without sanding, peeling, oil stains and water accumulation, the moisture content is not more than 10%, and the inner and outer corners are made into arcs according to the specified requirements.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S22, the batching includes:

[0027] Mix the liquid material and the powder material in a ratio of 1:1. After measuring and taking the liquid material and the powder material separately;

[0028] First, put the liquid material into a rubber bucket, then slowly add the powder material into the bucket. While adding the powder material into the bucket, start the hand-held mixer to stir, so that the liquid material and the powder material are fully stirred evenly until there are no particles and air holes in the bucket;

[0029] The mixed waterproof coating should be used up within 2 hours.

[0030] Furthermore, in step S23, applying the waterproof coating includes:

[0031] Use a brush to evenly apply the well-mixed waterproof coating on the treated substrate surface;

[0032] After the first waterproof film is completely solidified, apply the second coat. The application direction of the second coat is perpendicular to that of the first coat, and the application thickness of each coat is 1 mm. Apply two to three coats.

[0033] Furthermore, in step S24, the treatment of details and joints includes:

[0034] Apply a reinforcing layer with non-woven fabric or fiber fabric added in the middle at each weak part of the substrate surface.

[0035] Furthermore, in step S25, checking the substrate includes:

[0036] Check whether each weak part of the substrate surface has been treated, whether the waterproof layer remains intact, and the garbage remaining on the site ground should be cleaned up.

[0037] Furthermore, in step S31, the base surface cleaning includes:

[0038] Remove debris, oil, and sand from the surface of the base layer. Stones and mortar lumps protruding from the surface should be cleaned up. Cleaning work should be carried out at any time during construction, and the surface should be repaired and leveled;

[0039] The internal and external corners are rounded with cement mortar, with a minimum radius of 50mm for the internal corner and 20mm for the external corner.

[0040] Further, in step S32, preparing cement slurry includes:

[0041] According to the ratio of cement: water = 2:1, first pour water into the prepared mixing barrel according to the proportion, then put the cement into the water, soak for 15 to 20 minutes and after it is fully soaked, pour out the excess water on the barrel surface; then add 5% to 8% polymer construction glue of the cement dosage, stir with an electric mixer for 5 minutes.

[0042] Further, in step S33, the benchmark line test paving includes:

[0043] According to the conditions of the construction site, reasonable positioning is carried out, the direction of coil laying is determined, the coil control line is marked on the base layer, and trial laying of the coil is carried out from low to high following the direction of water flow.

[0044] Further, in step S34, tearing off the release paper at the bottom of the coil includes:

[0045] After the trial laying of the roll material, first cut the roll material to be laid, lay it on the base surface, and tear off the roll material release paper. When tearing, the peeled release paper should maintain an acute angle of 45 to 60 degrees with the bonding surface.

[0046] Furthermore, in step S35, the coiled material laying includes:

[0047] Rolling method: Align the roll material with the reference line for trial laying, cut the release paper with a paper cutter at the 5m length, tear off the release paper of the unrolled roll material from the back, and push the unrolled roll material forward along the reference line while laying it. After laying, roll back the remaining 5m long roll material from the previous trial laying and stick it on the base layer according to the above method;

[0048] Lifting and laying method: lay the cut rolls upside down on the base surface. After peeling off all the isolation papers of the rolls, scrape and apply cement slurry on the bonding surface of the rolls and the position to be laid on the base surface. Then two people will cooperate to lift the rolls from both ends, turn them over and lay them on the position to be laid. The rolls are overlapped parallel to the adjacent rolls. When the long and short sides are overlapped, the overlapping isolation film of the upper and lower rolls will be removed.

[0049] Further, in step S36, the roller pressure exhaust includes:

[0050] After the roll material is laid, use a soft rubber plate or roller to scrape and press from the middle to the other side of the overlap direction of the roll material and expel the air, so that the roll material is fully adhered to the base surface. When overlapping and laying the next roll material, lift up the isolation paper at the overlapping part of the lower roll material, align the upper roll material with the overlap control line and stick it flat on the lower roll material, and scrape and press to expel the air.

[0051] Further, in step S37, overlapping edge sealing and end sealing include:

[0052] Single-sided adhesive roll overlap construction: The adjacent rolls on the short sides are overlapped in parallel and bonded with HNP adhesive tape cover strips by heating. The long sides are overlapped by heating self-adhesive, and the overlap width is not less than 80mm. The overlap construction should be carried out 24 hours after the large-area paving is completed. During the construction, the mud and dust on the overlapped edge should be cleaned, and then the overlap isolation film of the upper and lower rolls should be removed, and the heat gun should be used to heat and bond.

[0053] Construction of overlapping edges of double-sided adhesive rolls: directly tear off the isolation film at the overlapping points of the upper and lower rolls, apply cement slurry glue on the overlapping edges to overlap them together, and seal them directly with cement slurry. The overlapping width of the long and short sides should not be less than 80 mm; finally, smooth and seal them with cement slurry.

[0054] Furthermore, in step S38, finished product maintenance and protection includes:

[0055] Let it air-dry for 24 to 48 hours. In hot weather, the waterproof layer should be protected from direct sunlight and covered with a sunshade or other items.

[0056] Further, in step S1, the distance measuring wheel device includes a frame, a distance measuring component, a material storage barrel component, a material blocking component, an auxiliary wheel component and a controller, the frame includes a handlebar, a push rod and a U-shaped plate, the handlebar is installed on the top of the push rod, the bottom of the push rod is installed to the top outer wall of the U-shaped plate, the inner walls on both sides of the U-shaped plate are respectively connected to the distance measuring component, the material storage barrel component is installed on the front of the U-shaped plate, the material blocking component is installed on the bottom of the material storage barrel component, the bottom of one end of the material blocking component is installed to the auxiliary wheel assembly, one end of the auxiliary wheel assembly is connected to the push rod, the controller is installed on the top of the handlebar, and the distance measuring component is electrically connected to the controller.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the underground waterproofing construction method described in the present invention has the following advantages:

[0058] An underground waterproof construction method according to the present invention can determine the length and width of the construction area through a distance measuring wheel device, and the construction process is standardized with good waterproof effect. In addition, the distance measuring wheel device can monitor whether the arrow deviates at any time through the cooperation of the controller and the distance measuring component, ensuring the measurement accuracy of the construction area; the auxiliary wheel component is set to more conveniently control the distance measuring wheel to walk in a straight line; the staff can control the material blocking component to work through the controller, facilitating the staff to mark the construction area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] The drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0060] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the waterproof construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 2 It is a schematic overall structure diagram of the distance measuring wheel device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 3 It is a schematic structure diagram of the distance measuring component according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 4 It is a schematic structure diagram of the material blocking component according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 5 It is a schematic flow chart of the waterproof process for the indoor construction area according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 6 It is a schematic flow chart of the waterproof process for the underground garage construction area according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0067] 1, frame; 11, handlebar; 12, push rod; 13, U-shaped plate; 2, distance measuring component; 21, distance measuring wheel; 22, arrow; 23, bubble level; 3, storage bucket component; 4, material blocking component; 41, first material blocking plate; 42, second material blocking plate; 43, driving wheel; 44, driven wheel; 45, material blocking spring; 46, motor; 5, controller; 6, auxiliary wheel component; 61, auxiliary bracket; 62, auxiliary wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0068] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0069] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0070] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0071] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0072] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, an underground waterproof construction method includes the following steps:

[0073] S1. Determine the length and width of the construction area based on the rangefinder device;

[0074] S2. Waterproof the indoor construction area;

[0075] S3. Waterproof the underground garage construction area;

[0076] In step S2, waterproofing the indoor construction area includes the following steps:

[0077] S21. Substrate treatment;

[0078] S22. Batching;

[0079] S23. Coating essentials;

[0080] S24. Detail and joint treatment;

[0081] S25. Inspection and cleaning.

[0082] The construction method of the present invention can determine the length and width of the construction area through a distance measuring wheel device, and the construction process is standardized with good waterproof effect. In addition, the distance measuring wheel device can monitor whether the arrow deviates at any time through the cooperation of the controller and the distance measuring component, ensuring the measurement accuracy of the construction area; the auxiliary wheel component is set to more conveniently control the distance measuring wheel to walk in a straight line; the staff can control the material blocking component to work through the controller, facilitating the staff to mark the construction area.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for indoor waterproofing:

[0084] For the kitchen, bathroom, and balcony floor, a 1.5-mm-thick polymer cement-based waterproof coating (applied in three coats) is used. The waterproof coating should be 300 mm higher than the floor (1800 mm higher for the bathroom). At the vertical pipes and wall corners, a 300-mm-wide waterproof layer is additionally provided and rolled up 300 mm high. The waterproof layer on the floor should extend horizontally at the door and the outward extension length should not be less than 500 mm. The width of the extension to both sides should not be less than 200 mm.

[0085] For the waterproofing of the bathroom wall in the residence, a 1.5-mm-thick polymer cement-based waterproof coating (applied in three coats) is used, with a height of 1800 mm from the floor.

[0086] The inner surfaces of the elevator pit, drainage ditch, and sump are coated with a 15-mm-thick permeable crystalline polymer cement-based waterproof coating in one coat.

[0087] Construction process flow:

[0088] Cleaning and trimming the base surface → Measuring the dryness of the base layer → Reinforcement layer treatment → Node sealing treatment → Batching and mixing → Coating and scraping the coating → Drying → Re-coating and scraping the coating → Drying → Inspection and acceptance → Protective layer construction.

[0089] Construction steps:

[0090] (1) Base layer treatment

[0091] The base layer must be flat, firm, clean, free of sanding, peeling, oil stains, and water accumulation, with a moisture content not greater than 10%. The inner and outer corners should be made into a circular arc according to the specified requirements.

[0092] (2) Batching

[0093] On-site, the liquid material and the powder material are mixed in a ratio of 1:1. After separately measuring and taking the liquid material and the powder material, first put the liquid material into a rubber bucket, and then slowly add the powder material into the bucket. While adding the powder material into the bucket, start the hand-held mixer to stir, making the liquid material and the powder material fully and evenly mixed until there are no particles and air holes in the bucket. The mixed waterproof coating must be used up within 2 hours. To facilitate coating, no more than 0.1 times the liquid material water can be added to the liquid material first.

[0094] (3) Coating principles

[0095] 1) Use a brush to evenly apply the stirred waterproof coating on the treated base surface.

[0096] 2) After the first coat of waterproof membrane is completely solid, the second coat can be applied. The direction of the second coat is perpendicular to the direction of the first coat. The thickness of each coat is 1mm. After two to three coats, the designed thickness can generally be reached.

[0097] (4) Details and node processing

[0098] The weak links should be painted carefully. Non-woven fabric or fiber cloth can be added as a reinforcement layer in the middle of these parts.

[0099] (5) Check the activity

[0100] Have the weak links been dealt with? Has the waterproof layer been kept intact? The garbage left on the ground should be cleaned up and placed in the designated place to ensure that the site is clean when people leave.

[0101] Construction points

[0102] (1) When mixing ingredients, liquid materials should be covered as they are used, and powder materials should be placed in a dry and cool place. It is strictly forbidden to place them on stagnant water or damp ground to prevent water from agglomerating. Any agglomerated powders shall not be used.

[0103] (2) Construction shall not be carried out when the temperature is below 5°C.

[0104] (3) Construction is prohibited in rainy or snowy weather.

[0105] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the distance measuring wheel device includes a frame 1, a distance measuring component 2, a storage barrel component 3, a material blocking component 4, an auxiliary wheel component 6 and a controller 5, the frame 1 includes a handlebar 11, a push rod 12 and a U-shaped plate 13, the handlebar 11 is installed on the top of the push rod 12, the bottom of the push rod 12 is installed to the top outer wall of the U-shaped plate 13, the inner walls on both sides of the U-shaped plate 13 are respectively connected to the distance measuring component 2, the storage barrel component 3 is installed at the front of the U-shaped plate 13, the material blocking component 4 is installed at the bottom of the storage barrel component 3, the bottom of one end of the material blocking component 4 is installed to the auxiliary wheel component 6, one end of the auxiliary wheel component 6 is connected to the push rod 12, the controller 5 is installed on the top of the handlebar 11, the distance measuring component 2 is electrically connected to the controller 5, and a plurality of leakage holes are provided at the bottom of the storage barrel component 3 to ensure uniform lime leakage.

[0106] This distance measuring wheel device can monitor whether the arrow is deflected at any time through the cooperation of the controller and the distance measuring component, ensuring the measurement accuracy of the construction area; the auxiliary wheel component is set to more conveniently control the distance measuring wheel to walk in a straight line; the staff can control the material blocking component to work through the controller, facilitating the staff to mark the construction area.

[0107] The distance measuring wheel device has several important uses in waterproof construction: Precise measurement: The distance measuring wheel can help workers accurately measure the length and width of the construction area, ensuring that the laying of waterproof materials meets the design requirements. Quick recording: Using the distance measuring wheel can quickly obtain relevant data for large-area operations, reducing the time of manual measurement and improving work efficiency. Defining the construction scope: Through measurement, the working area of waterproof construction can be clearly defined, ensuring that construction personnel carry out waterproof treatment in the correct position. Calculating material requirements: The measurement results can help the construction team estimate the quantity of waterproof materials required, avoiding waste or shortage. Calibrating the horizontal line: In the construction where it is necessary to ensure the flatness of the waterproof layer, the distance measuring wheel can be used to assist in determining the horizontal line for better construction.

[0108] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance measuring component 2 includes a distance measuring wheel 21, an arrow 22, a bubble level 23 and a counter. One end of the shaft of the distance measuring wheel 21 passes through one side of the U-shaped plate 13 and is installed with the counter, and the other end of the shaft of the distance measuring wheel 21 passes through the other side of the U-shaped plate 13 and is installed with the arrow 22. The arrow 22 is an L-shaped plate, a horizontal sensor is installed on the top of the arrow 22, and the bubble level 23 is installed on the top of the horizontal sensor. The counter and the horizontal sensor are both electrically connected to the controller 5. In actual use, the staff adjusts the arrow 22 to make the arrow part perpendicular to the ground. At this time, the folding plate of the L-shaped plate is horizontal with the ground. The staff can directly see whether it is horizontal through the bubble level 23. The horizontal sensor transmits the data to the controller 5 to complete the calibration work. During the use process, the counter transmits the measurement data to the controller 5, facilitating the staff to measure and mark. The traveling wheel 31 can adopt the Delixi roller digital display distance measuring wheel, the counter can be the counter of the Delixi roller digital display distance measuring wheel, and the model of the horizontal sensor can be SCMA-900.

[0109] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material blocking assembly 4 includes a first material blocking plate 41, a second material blocking plate 42, a driving wheel 43, a driven wheel 44, two material blocking springs 45 and a motor 46. The top of the motor 46 is installed in the middle of the fixed seat 33. The output shaft of the motor 46 is connected to one end of a rotating shaft, and the other end of the rotating shaft sequentially passes through the driving wheel 43 and the front part of the first material blocking plate 41 and is installed in the front part of the fixed seat 33. The driving wheel 43 is installed in the front part of the first material blocking plate 41, and the driven wheel 44 is installed in the front part of the second material blocking plate 42. The driven wheel 44 and the second material blocking plate 42 are installed in the front part of the second material blocking plate 42 through a rotating shaft. The driving wheel 43 and the driven wheel 44 are in meshing transmission. The rear parts of the first material blocking plate 41 and the second material blocking plate 42 are respectively installed in the rear part of the fixed seat 33 through two rotating shafts. One ends of the two material blocking springs 45 are respectively installed in the front and rear parts of the first material blocking plate 41, and the other ends of the two material blocking springs 45 are respectively installed in the front and rear parts of the second material blocking plate 42. The motor 46 is electrically connected to the controller 5. During actual use, the driving wheel 43 and the driven wheel 44 rotate in opposite directions. When marking is required, the staff controls the motor 46 to start working through the controller 5. The rotation of the output shaft of the motor 46 drives the driving wheel 43 to rotate. The rotation of the driving wheel 43 drives the first material blocking plate 41 and the driven wheel 44 to rotate. The rotation of the driven wheel 44 drives the second material blocking plate 42 to rotate, so that lime leaks out from the storage bucket 31. By controlling the working time of the motor 46, the opening and closing angles of the first material blocking plate 41 and the second material blocking plate 42 can be controlled, so as to facilitate the staff to control the amount of lime sprinkled. The installation positions of the first material blocking plate 41 and the second material blocking plate 42 do not affect their opening and closing. The motor 46 is a micro-motor, and the model can be JPA25-370.

[0110] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an extension plate is provided at the bottom of the first material blocking plate 41, and a groove is provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the second material blocking plate 42. The extension plate at the bottom of the first material blocking plate 41 is located in the groove on the inner wall of the bottom of the second material blocking plate 42. During actual use, the extension plate of the first material blocking plate 41 is located in the bottom groove of the second material blocking plate 42 to prevent lime from leaking out.

[0111] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary wheel assembly 6 includes an auxiliary bracket 61 and two auxiliary wheels 62. The two auxiliary wheels 62 are installed at the bottom of the auxiliary bracket 61. The top of the auxiliary bracket 61 is connected to the push rod 12. During actual use, brakes are provided on the two auxiliary wheels 62. The top of the auxiliary bracket 61 is connected to the push rod 12 by bolts, which is convenient for disassembly.

[0112] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the controller 5 includes a display, an alarm, and a single-chip microcomputer. The display and the alarm are both electrically connected to the single-chip microcomputer. In actual use, the single-chip microcomputer selects the STM32 series. The model of the alarm can be the SFM-27 buzzer, and the display is a liquid crystal display. During the measurement process, the staff can set the allowable offset range of the arrow 22 in advance through the controller 5. When the data transmitted by the horizontal sensor exceeds the allowable offset range, the controller 5 issues an alarm through the alarm, and the staff stops the operation of the device.

[0113] When the device is working, the staff observes whether the arrow 22 flap is horizontal through the bubble level 23, adjusts to make the arrow part perpendicular to the ground, and completes the calibration work. The staff can set the allowable offset range of the arrow 22 in advance through the controller 5. When the data transmitted by the horizontal sensor exceeds the allowable offset range, the controller 5 issues an alarm through the alarm, and the staff stops the operation of the device.

[0114] After the adjustment is completed, the staff pushes the distance measuring wheel 21 along a straight line through the handlebar 11. If marking is required during or after the measurement, the staff can control the motor 46 to start working through the controller 5. The output shaft of the motor 46 rotates to drive the driving wheel 43 to rotate. The driving wheel 43 rotates to drive the first baffle 41 and the driven wheel 44 to rotate. The driven wheel 44 rotates to drive the second baffle 42 to rotate, so that the lime leaks out from the storage bucket 31. By controlling the working time of the motor 46, the opening and closing angles of the first baffle 41 and the second baffle 42 can be controlled, so as to facilitate the staff to control the amount of lime sprinkled.

[0115] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, waterproofing the construction area of the underground garage includes the following steps:

[0116] S31. Base surface cleaning;

[0117] S32. Preparing cement slurry;

[0118] S33. Spraying reference lines and trial laying;

[0119] S34. Tearing off the bottom release paper of the coil;

[0120] S35. Coil paving;

[0121] S36. Rolling to exhaust air;

[0122] S37. Lapping and sealing the edges, and sealing the ends;

[0123] S38. Finished product curing and protection.

[0124] Underground garage waterproofing

[0125] (1)The waterproof grade of the basement is Grade II, with two lines of defense. The exterior wall of the basement is made of impermeable reinforced concrete as the main structure, plus a 1.5-mm-thick self-adhesive polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membrane (non-woven). A 30-mm-thick Class B1 extruded polystyrene board protective layer is applied outside the waterproof layer. An additional layer of 1.5-mm-thick self-adhesive polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membrane (non-woven) is added to the outer side of the exterior wall of the underground personnel shelter, equipment rooms and the adjacent one-span area. The basement floor slab is made of impermeable reinforced concrete as the main structure, plus a 1.5-mm-thick rubber self-adhesive film pre-laid waterproofing membrane. The waterproofing membranes of the exterior wall and the floor slab do not come into direct contact and are bonded through a double-sided butyl tape.

[0126] (2)The waterproof grade of the planted roof is Grade I, with three lines of defense, namely a 4-mm-thick SBS modified asphalt root-resistant (composite copper base) waterproofing membrane + a 2-mm-thick self-adhesive polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membrane (non-woven) + an impermeable reinforced concrete roof slab.

[0127] (3)Reserved channels, through-wall pipes, construction joints, post-cast strips, corners and other parts are weak links in the underground waterproof project, and detailed treatment should be done well.

[0128] (4)When backfilling outside the basement, 2:8 lime soil is used and tamped layer by layer.

[0129] Construction Preparation

[0130] (1)Base cleaning tools: wire brush, broom, small flat spatula, hammer, etc., and flushing water pipe.

[0131] (2)Construction tools: iron trowel, electric stirrer, batching bucket, plastic scraper, rubber roller, scissors or paper cutter, steel tape measure, leather tape measure, ink box, hot air gun or spray gun, etc.

[0132] (3)Protective tools: work clothes, safety helmets, rubber gloves, flat-bottom rubber shoes, safety belts (ropes), etc.

[0133] (4)Base preparation

[0134] 1) The base is firm, flat, clean, without floating slurry, sanding, or cracks. Oil stains, particles and other sundries on the surface should be cleaned up and strict handover inspection should be carried out together with the supervision engineer.

[0135] 2) Pipe fittings, brackets, etc. connected to the base must be installed firmly. The reserved pipes should be installed firmly before the construction of the waterproof layer, and the construction of the waterproof layer can only be carried out after they are installed completely.

[0136] 3) Corners, pipe roots and other places should be cleaned more carefully. If there are different stains, rust, etc., they should be cleaned up with sandpaper, wire brush, solvent, etc.

[0137] Construction Technology

[0138] (1)Base surface cleaning

[0139] 1) Remove sundries, oil stains, sand, protruding stones, mortar lumps, etc. on the base surface. The cleaning work must be carried out at any time during construction, and the surface should be repaired and leveled. In particular, remove attachments such as cement mortar on drainage outlets, chimneys, and pipe walls;

[0140] 2) Use cement mortar to plaster the inner and outer corners into rounded corners. The minimum radius of the inner corner is 50 mm, and the minimum radius of the outer corner is 20 mm. If there is obvious water on the base surface, just sweep it away and then construction can be carried out.

[0141] (2) Prepare cement slurry

[0142] 1) Cement: water = 2:1 (by weight). First, pour water into the pre-prepared slurry mixing bucket according to the ratio, then put cement into the water, soak for 15 - 20 minutes and fully soak it, and then pour out the excess water on the bucket surface; then add 5% - 8% polymer building glue (water retention agent) based on the amount of cement, and stir with an electric mixer for more than 5 minutes.

[0143] (3) Snap the reference line and conduct a trial laying

[0144] According to the construction site conditions, make a reasonable positioning, determine the paving direction of the coil, snap the coil control line on the base surface, and conduct a trial laying of the coil from low to high along the flowing water direction.

[0145] (4) Tear off the bottom release paper of the coil:

[0146] After the coil is trial-laid, first cut the coil to be paved well, lay it back on the base surface (that is, the bottom release paper is facing up), and tear off the release paper of the coil. When tearing, the peeled release paper should preferably form an acute angle of 45 - 60 degrees with the bonding surface to prevent the release paper from being pulled off, and try to keep it in a natural relaxed state, but without wrinkles.

[0147] (5) Pave the coil

[0148] 1) Rolling paving method: Align the coil with the reference line for trial laying. At about 5 m, gently cut the release paper with a paper cutter, being careful not to scratch the coil. Slowly tear the release paper of the unrolled coil from the back, and at the same time slowly push the unrolled coil forward along the reference line. Tear the release paper and lay the coil at the same time. After paving, roll back the remaining about 5 m long coil from the previous trial laying and paste it on the base surface according to the above method.

[0149] 2) Lifting paving method: Lay the cut coil back on the base surface (that is, the bottom release paper is facing up). After peeling off all the release paper of the coil, then scrape the cement slurry on the bonding surface of the coil and the position to be paved on the base surface. Then, two people cooperate to lift it from both ends of the coil, turn it over and lay it on the position to be paved. The coils are parallelly lapped with adjacent coils, and the upper and lower coil lap release membranes are removed during the long and short side lap construction.

[0150] (6) Roller exhaust

[0151] After the roll material is laid, use a soft rubber plate or roller to scrape and press from the middle to the other side of the overlap direction of the roll material and expel the air, so that the roll material is fully adhered to the base surface. When overlapping and laying the next roll material, lift up the isolation paper at the overlap part of the lower roll material, align the upper roll material with the overlap control line and paste it on the lower roll material evenly, scraping and pressing to expel the air.

[0152] (7) Overlap edge sealing and end sealing

[0153] Single-sided adhesive roll overlap construction: The adjacent rolls on the short side are parallel overlapped, and the HNP adhesive tape cover strip is used for heating and bonding (the width of the roof adhesive tape cover strip is 100mm, and the width of the basement adhesive tape cover strip is 160mm). The long side is heated self-adhesive overlap, and the overlap width is not less than 80mm. The overlap edge construction should be carried out 24 hours after the large area is completed. During the construction, the mud and dust on the overlap edge should be cleaned, and then the overlap isolation film of the upper and lower rolls should be removed (the isolation film does not need to be torn off the short side), and the heat gun should be used to heat and bond.

[0154] Double-sided adhesive roll overlap construction: directly tear off the isolation film at the overlap of the upper and lower rolls, scrape and apply the cement slurry glue on the overlapped edges (simultaneously apply cement slurry on a large area), overlap them together, and directly seal them with cement slurry. The overlap width of the long and short sides should not be less than 80mm. Finally, smooth and seal them with cement slurry.

[0155] (8) Finished product maintenance and protection

[0156] Leave it to air-dry for 24 to 48 hours (the specific time depends on the ambient temperature. Generally, the higher the temperature, the shorter the time required). In hot weather, the waterproof layer should be protected from direct sunlight and can be covered with a sunshade or other items.

[0157] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An underground waterproof construction method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Determine the length and width of the construction area based on the distance measuring wheel device; S2. Waterproof the indoor construction area; S3. Waterproof the construction area of ​​the underground garage; In step S2, waterproofing the indoor construction area includes the following steps: S21, grass-roots processing; S22, ingredients; S23, applying waterproof coating; S24, details and node processing; S25. Check the grass-roots level; In step S3, waterproofing the construction area of ​​the underground garage includes the following steps: S31, base surface cleaning; S32, preparing cement slurry; S33, test paving with reference line; S34, tear off the isolation paper at the bottom of the coil; S35, roll material laying; S36, roller pressure exhaust; S37, overlap edge sealing and end sealing; S38. Maintenance and protection of finished products.

2. An underground waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S21, the base layer processing includes: The base layer is flat, firm, clean, without sand, peeling, oil stains or water accumulation, and the moisture content is no more than 10%. The positive and negative corners are made into arc shapes according to the specified requirements; In step S22, the ingredients include: Mix the liquid material and the powder material in a ratio of 1:1, and measure and take the liquid material and the powder material respectively; First, put the liquid into the plastic barrel, and then slowly add the powder into the barrel. While adding the powder into the barrel, start the portable mixer to stir, so that the liquid and powder are fully mixed and evenly mixed until there are no particles and pores in the barrel; The stirred waterproof coating should be used up within 2 hours.

3. An underground waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S23, applying the waterproof coating includes: Use a brush to evenly apply the stirred waterproof coating on the treated base surface; After the first coat of waterproof membrane is completely solidified, apply the second coat. The direction of the second coat is perpendicular to the direction of the first coat. Each coat is 1mm thick and applied two to three times. In step S24, detail and node processing includes: Apply paint to each weak part of the base surface and add non-woven fabric or fiber cloth in the middle as a reinforcement layer; In step S25, checking the base layer includes: Check whether the weak parts of the base surface have been treated, whether the waterproof layer remains intact, and whether the garbage remaining on the ground on site has been cleaned up.

4. An underground waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S31, the base surface cleaning includes: Remove debris, oil, and sand from the surface of the base layer. Stones and mortar lumps protruding from the surface should be cleaned up. Cleaning work should be carried out at any time during construction, and the surface should be repaired and leveled; The internal and external corners are rounded with cement mortar, with a minimum radius of 50mm for internal corners and 20mm for external corners; In step S32, preparing cement slurry includes: According to the ratio of cement: water = 2:1, first pour water into the prepared mixing barrel according to the proportion, then put the cement into the water, soak for 15 to 20 minutes and after it is fully soaked, pour out the excess water on the barrel surface; then add 5% to 8% polymer construction glue of the cement dosage, stir with an electric mixer for 5 minutes.

5. An underground waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S33, the baseline test paving includes: According to the conditions of the construction site, reasonable positioning is carried out, the direction of coil laying is determined, the coil control line is marked on the base layer, and trial laying of the coil is carried out from low to high following the direction of water flow.

6. An underground waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S34, tearing off the release paper at the bottom of the web includes: After the trial laying of the roll material, first cut the roll material to be laid, lay it on the base surface, and tear off the roll material release paper. When tearing, the peeled release paper should maintain an acute angle of 45 to 60 degrees with the bonding surface.

7. An underground waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S35, the coiled material laying includes: Rolling method: Align the roll material with the reference line for trial laying, cut the release paper with a paper cutter at the 5m length, tear off the release paper of the unrolled roll material from the back, and push the unrolled roll material forward along the reference line while laying it. After laying, roll back the remaining 5m long roll material from the previous trial laying and stick it on the base layer according to the above method; Lifting and laying method: lay the cut rolls upside down on the base surface. After peeling off all the isolation papers of the rolls, scrape and apply cement slurry on the bonding surface of the rolls and the position to be laid on the base surface. Then two people will cooperate to lift the rolls from both ends, turn them over and lay them on the position to be laid. The rolls are overlapped parallel to the adjacent rolls. When the long and short sides are overlapped, the overlapping isolation film of the upper and lower rolls will be removed.

8. An underground waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S36, roller pressure exhaust includes: After the roll material is laid, use a soft rubber plate or roller to scrape and press from the middle to the other side of the overlap direction of the roll material and expel the air, so that the roll material is fully adhered to the base surface. When overlapping and laying the next roll material, lift up the isolation paper at the overlapping part of the lower roll material, align the upper roll material with the overlap control line and stick it flat on the lower roll material, and scrape and press to expel the air.

9. An underground waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S37, overlapping edge sealing and end sealing include: Single-sided adhesive roll overlap construction: The adjacent rolls on the short sides are overlapped in parallel and bonded with HNP adhesive tape cover strips by heating. The long sides are overlapped by heating self-adhesive, and the overlap width is not less than 80mm. The overlap construction should be carried out 24 hours after the large-area paving is completed. During the construction, the mud and dust on the overlapped edge should be cleaned, and then the overlap isolation film of the upper and lower rolls should be removed, and the heat gun should be used to heat and bond. Double-sided adhesive roll overlap construction: directly tear off the isolation film at the overlap of the upper and lower rolls, scrape the overlapped edges with cement slurry glue to overlap them together, and directly seal them with cement slurry. The overlap width of the long and short sides should not be less than 80mm; finally, smooth and seal them with cement slurry; In step S38, finished product maintenance and protection includes: Let it air-dry for 24 to 48 hours. In hot weather, protect the waterproof layer from direct sunlight and cover it with a sunshade or other items.

10. An underground waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), a distance measuring component (2), a material storage barrel component (3), a material blocking component (4), an auxiliary wheel component (6) and a controller (5); the frame (1) comprises a handlebar (11), a push rod (12) and a U-shaped plate (13); the handlebar (11) is mounted on the top of the push rod (12); the bottom of the push rod (12) is mounted to the top outer wall of the U-shaped plate (13); the inner walls on both sides of the U-shaped plate (13) are respectively connected to the distance measuring component (2); the material storage barrel component (3) is mounted on the front of the U-shaped plate (13); the material blocking component (4) is mounted on the bottom of the material storage barrel component (3); the bottom of one end of the material blocking component (4) is mounted to the auxiliary wheel component (6); one end of the auxiliary wheel component (6) is connected to the push rod (12); the controller (5) is mounted on the top of the handlebar (11); and the distance measuring component (2) is electrically connected to the controller (5).

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