Lock catch structure, hood lock, vehicle and design method of hood lock crushing force

Abstract

This application discloses a locking structure, a hood lock, a vehicle, and a design method for the crushing force of the hood lock, relating to the field of vehicle technology. The locking structure, used in vehicles, includes a locking ring and a pressure ring. The locking ring is adapted to lock or unlock with a lock body on the vehicle body. The pressure ring is installed on the locking ring and adapted to connect to the hood. Under the action of an impact force, the pressure ring deforms under load, causing the hood to move downward relative to the locking ring. According to the locking structure of this application, when a collision occurs, the impact force acts on the hood, causing the hood to directly or indirectly compress the pressure ring. The pressure ring deforms under load, causing the hood to move downward relative to the locking ring. This helps reduce the force exerted by the hood on the head of the person being impacted, reducing the impact acceleration on the head and thus effectively protecting the person being impacted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more specifically, to a design method for a locking structure, a hood lock, a vehicle, and the crushing force of the hood lock. Background Technology

[0002] Pedestrians, cyclists, and other vulnerable road users (VRUs) are an important part of the core elements of transportation, and the safety of vulnerable road users is receiving increasing attention both domestically and internationally.

[0003] The hood lock area is one of the main areas where collisions occur between vehicles and pedestrians. The high overall structural rigidity of traditional hood locks causes the head of the person being hit to experience a high impact acceleration in a very short time when a collision occurs, resulting in serious head injuries. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to at least partially address one of the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a locking structure that can effectively protect the person being impacted in the event of a collision.

[0005] This application also proposes a hood lock having the above-described locking structure.

[0006] This application also proposes a vehicle having the aforementioned hood lock.

[0007] This application also proposes a design method for the hood locking crush force.

[0008] The locking structure according to an embodiment of this application is used in a vehicle. The locking structure includes a locking ring and a pressure ring. The locking ring is adapted to lock or unlock with a lock body on the vehicle body. The pressure ring is installed on the locking ring and is adapted to connect with the hood. Under the action of an impact force, the pressure ring is deformed under load so that the hood moves downward relative to the locking ring.

[0009] According to the locking structure of the present application embodiment, when a collision occurs, the collision force acts on the cover, which can directly or indirectly squeeze the pressure ring. The pressure ring deforms under the load, so that the cover moves downward relative to the locking ring. This helps to reduce the force of the cover on the head of the person being hit, reduce the impact acceleration on the head of the person being hit, and thus effectively protect the person being hit.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the pressure ring is constructed with an arc-shaped structure, the central angle of the arc-shaped structure being greater than 90°, and the pressure ring is sleeved on the locking ring.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the locking ring is provided with a limiting groove, and the pressure ring is installed in the limiting groove. Under the action of the collision force, the machine cover can directly or indirectly squeeze the pressure ring to reduce the outer diameter of the pressure ring or to disengage the pressure ring from the locking ring.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, there is a limiting space between the inner circumferential surface of the pressure ring and the inner circumferential surface of the limiting groove. Under the action of the collision force, the machine cover presses the pressure ring into the limiting space so that the machine cover moves downward relative to the locking ring.

[0013] According to some embodiments of this application, the trigger has a first working surface, and the pressure ring has a second working surface. The second working surface is used to support the first working surface. Under the action of the collision force, the first working surface pushes the second working surface to press the pressure ring into the limiting space. The trigger is a machine cover; or the trigger is a mounting plate fixedly connected to the machine cover.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, both the first working surface and the second working surface are constructed as conical surfaces, the first working surface and the second working surface have the same taper, and the smaller diameter end of the first working surface and the second working surface is located above the larger diameter end of the first working surface and the second working surface.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, the pressure ring is provided with a weakening structure.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this application, the locking ring has a guide surface for supporting the pressure ring. Under the action of an impact force, the cover pushes the pressure ring to move along the guide surface so that the pressure ring disengages from the locking ring.

[0017] According to some embodiments of this application, the guide surface is constructed as a tapered surface, and the small-diameter end of the guide surface is located above the large-diameter end.

[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, the inner circumferential surface of the pressure ring has a first protrusion and a second protrusion, the first protrusion and the second protrusion protruding toward the locking ring, and the inner circumferential surface of the pressure ring forms a superior arc segment between the first protrusion and the second protrusion, the superior arc segment being adapted to be sleeved on the locking ring.

[0019] According to some embodiments of this application, the locking structure further includes a first limiting structure, which is disposed at one end of the upwardly extending trigger member of the locking ring. The first limiting structure is used to limit the extreme position of the upward movement of the trigger member; wherein, the trigger member is a machine cover; or, the trigger member is a mounting plate fixedly connected to the machine cover.

[0020] According to some embodiments of this application, the locking ring includes a plurality of rods and at least one connecting part, the connecting part being used to connect two or more of the rods, and the pressure ring being sleeved on the rods.

[0021] According to some embodiments of this application, the rod is provided with a second limiting structure, which is used to limit the extreme position of the downward movement of the cover.

[0022] According to some embodiments of this application, the locking structure further includes a mounting plate adapted to be mounted on the hood. Under the action of an impact force, the mounting plate can squeeze the pressure ring, so that the hood and the mounting plate move downward relative to the locking ring.

[0023] According to some embodiments of this application, the mounting plate is provided with a mounting structure, and the mounting plate is adapted to be fixedly connected to the machine cover through the mounting structure.

[0024] According to some embodiments of this application, the mounting plate is provided with a locking ring hole, and the locking ring passes through the locking ring hole. When the pressure ring supports the mounting plate, the pressure ring is located below the locking ring hole.

[0025] According to a second aspect of this application, a hood lock includes a lock body and the aforementioned latch structure, wherein the lock body is used to lock or unlock the latch structure.

[0026] According to the embodiment of the present application, when a collision occurs, the collision force acts on the hood, causing the hood to directly or indirectly squeeze the pressure ring. The pressure ring deforms under the load, causing the hood to move downward relative to the locking ring. This helps to reduce the force of the hood on the head of the person being hit, reduce the impact acceleration on the head of the person being hit, and thus effectively protect the person being hit.

[0027] According to a third aspect of this application, a vehicle includes a body, a hood, and the aforementioned hood lock, the lock body being disposed on the body.

[0028] According to the vehicle embodiment of this application, when a collision occurs, the collision force acts on the hood, causing the hood to directly or indirectly compress the pressure ring. The pressure ring deforms under the load, causing the hood to move downward relative to the locking ring. This helps to reduce the force exerted by the hood on the head of the person being hit, and reduces the impact acceleration on the head of the person being hit, thereby reducing the degree of head injury when the person being hit is hit by the hood. This effectively protects the person being hit and plays a positive role in improving the passive safety protection of the vehicle's pedestrian head in collisions.

[0029] The design method for the hood locking crush force according to the fourth aspect of this application includes:

[0030] S1: Simulate the structure of the machine cover lock;

[0031] S2: Verify whether the simulation results meet the target HIC value requirements. If the simulation results meet the target HIC value requirements, then use the force value of the top section of the mounting plate in the simulation model as the standard for external load intervention in the static pressure test, and proceed to step S3.

[0032] S3: Perform a static pressure test on the hood lock to verify whether the hood lock has been triggered to crush. After the static pressure test is completed, if the display shows that the hood lock has crushed, it means that the component-level product meets the standard and the target HIC value requirement, and proceed to step S4.

[0033] S4: Conduct a head impact test on the entire vehicle to verify whether it meets the target HIC value requirements. If the test verifies that the target HIC value requirements are met, it means that the product design is complete and the pedestrian protection performance meets the standards.

[0034] The hood lock is the hood lock described in the third aspect above.

[0035] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a locking structure according to an embodiment of this application (the mounting plate is not moved downwards);

[0037] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Front view of the locking structure shown;

[0039] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Top view of the locking structure shown;

[0040] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cross-section cut along the middle BB line;

[0041] Figure 6a yes Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of point D in the middle;

[0042] Figure 6b yes Figure 5 Force analysis diagram at point D;

[0043] Figure 7 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a cross-section cut along the CC axis;

[0044] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 A bottom view of the locking structure shown;

[0045] Figure 9 yes Figure 1 Side view of the locking structure shown;

[0046] Figure 10 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the locking structure shown (the mounting plate has been moved downwards);

[0047] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 Front view of the locking structure shown;

[0048] Figure 12 yes Figure 10 Top view of the locking structure shown;

[0049] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a cross-section cut along the EE line;

[0050] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 A magnified view of a portion of point G in the middle;

[0051] Figure 15 yes Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a cross-section cut along the FF line;

[0052] Figure 16 yes Figure 10 Side view of the locking structure shown;

[0053] Figure 17 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pressure ring of the locking structure shown;

[0054] Figure 18 This is a perspective view of a locking structure according to another embodiment of the present application (the mounting plate is not moved downwards);

[0055] Figure 19 yes Figure 18 A magnified view of a portion of point H in the middle;

[0056] Figure 20 yes Figure 18 Top view of the locking structure shown;

[0057] Figure 21 yes Figure 20 A schematic diagram of a cross-section cut along line KK.

[0058] Figure 22a yes Figure 21 A magnified view of a portion of point L in the middle;

[0059] Figure 22b yes Figure 21 Force analysis diagram at point L;

[0060] Figure 23 yes Figure 20 A schematic diagram of a cross-section cut along the JJ axis;

[0061] Figure 24 yes Figure 18 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the locking structure shown (the mounting plate has been moved downwards);

[0062] Figure 25 yes Figure 24 Top view of the locking structure shown;

[0063] Figure 26 yes Figure 25 A schematic diagram of a cross-section cut along the MM line;

[0064] Figure 27 yes Figure 26 A magnified view of a portion of point P in the middle;

[0065] Figure 28 yes Figure 25 A schematic diagram of a cross-section cut along the NN direction;

[0066] Figure 29 yes Figure 18 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pressure ring of the locking structure shown;

[0067] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the pedestrian protection function of the hood lock in the vehicle assembly according to an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 31 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 32 This is a schematic diagram of a design method for a hood lock according to an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 33 It is a schematic diagram of the composite acceleration-displacement curve during the collision process;

[0071] Figure 34 It is Figure 33 A schematic diagram of the equivalent processing of the composite acceleration-displacement curve during the collision process.

[0072] Figure label:

[0073] Vehicle 1000, hood lock 100, locking structure 10, pressure ring 1, second working surface 11, weakening structure 12, first protrusion 13, second protrusion 14, locking ring 2, limiting groove 21, limiting space 22, guide surface 23, rod 24, connecting part 25, mounting plate 3, first working surface 31, mounting structure 32, first limiting structure 4, anti-loosening gasket 5, lock body 20, hood 200, head-shaped impactor 300. Detailed Implementation

[0074] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0075] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0076] The following is combined with Figures 1-34 The present application describes in detail the locking structure 10, the hood lock 100, and the vehicle 1000 according to embodiments thereof.

[0077] Reference Figures 1-5 , Figures 10-16 , Figures 18-21 , Figures 24-28 As shown, the locking structure 10 according to an embodiment of this application includes a locking ring 2 and a pressure ring 1. The locking ring 2 is adapted to lock or unlock with a lock body 20 on the vehicle body. The pressure ring 1 is installed on the locking ring 2 and is adapted to connect with the hood 200. Under the action of the collision force, the pressure ring 1 is deformed under the load so that the hood 200 moves downward relative to the locking ring 2.

[0078] Specifically, the pressure ring 1 is installed on the locking ring 2. The pressure ring 1 can be directly connected to the cover 200 or indirectly connected to the cover 200. For example, in some embodiments, the pressure ring 1 is used to support the cover 200. Under the action of the collision force, the cover 200 can squeeze the pressure ring 1 so that the cover 200 moves downward relative to the locking ring 2.

[0079] In some embodiments, when the housing 200 is not subjected to an impact force, the pressure ring 1 directly supports the housing 200 (not shown in the figure), and the pressure ring 1 restricts the housing 200 from moving downward, that is, the housing 200 does not move downward, and the housing 200 is located in the upper position of the locking ring 2.

[0080] When a person is struck by the vehicle's hood lock, the hood 200 is subjected to the impact force and bears the impact load. This impact force compresses the pressure ring 1, causing it to deform and no longer support the hood 200. In other words, when the impact load on the hood 200 exceeds the maximum allowable crushing force of the locking structure 10, the pedestrian protection function of the locking structure 10 can be triggered. The hood 200 can then move downwards, for example, to a lower position on the locking ring 2, thereby triggering the pedestrian protection function. This reduces the force exerted by the hood 200 on the head of the person being struck (taking a pedestrian as an example) and prevents the head from experiencing high impact acceleration in a very short collision time. In emergency traffic accidents, this maximizes the protection of the head of the person being struck and reduces the severity of head injuries. The pedestrian protection function of the locking structure 10 of this application is reliably and stably triggered, and its mechanical mechanism is clear.

[0081] In some embodiments, the housing 200 may include an inner plate and an outer plate, with the outer plate located outside the inner plate. The outer surface of the outer plate is the outer appearance surface of the housing 200. The inner plate has an inner plate locking ring hole, through which the locking ring 2 passes. When the pressure ring 1 supports the housing 200, the pressure ring 1 is located below the inner plate locking ring hole. No further holes are provided on the outer plate for the locking ring 2 to pass through, thus the locking ring 2 is not exposed, the locking structure 10 does not damage the outer plate, and the housing 200 has a more aesthetically pleasing appearance.

[0082] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figures 1-5 , Figures 10-16 , Figures 18-21 , Figures 24-28 , Figure 30 As shown, the locking structure 10 also includes a mounting plate 3, which is adapted to be installed on the housing 200. Under the action of the impact force, the mounting plate 3 can squeeze the pressure ring 1 so that the housing 200 and the mounting plate 3 move downward relative to the locking ring 2.

[0083] Specifically, the pressure ring 1 is installed on the locking ring 2. The pressure ring 1 is used to support the mounting plate 3. Under the action of the collision force, the mounting plate 3 can squeeze the pressure ring 1 so that the mounting plate 3 moves downward relative to the locking ring 2. Since the mounting plate 3 is installed on the cover 200, the cover 200 can move downward relative to the locking ring 2 together with the mounting plate 3.

[0084] In some embodiments of this application, the mounting plate 3 is provided with a mounting structure 32, and the mounting plate 3 is adapted to be fixedly connected to the machine cover 200 through the mounting structure 32. The mounting plate 3 and the machine cover 200 are two separate parts. The mounting plate 3 is installed on the machine cover 200, and the locking structure 10 can be processed and assembled into a component separately before being installed as a whole on the machine cover 200.

[0085] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figures 1-2 , Figures 18-19 As shown, the mounting plate 3 has a locking ring hole, through which the locking ring 2 passes. When the pressure ring 1 supports the mounting plate 3, the pressure ring 1 is located below the locking ring hole. When the locking structure 10 is not subjected to an impact force, the mounting plate 3 does not move downward, and the pressure ring 1 supports the mounting plate 3 from below.

[0086] In some embodiments not shown in the figure, the locking ring 2 does not pass through the mounting plate 3, but extends upward from the side of the mounting plate 3.

[0087] When the mounting plate 3 is not subjected to an impact force, the pressure ring 1 supports the mounting plate 3 and restricts the downward movement of the mounting plate 3. That is, the mounting plate 3 does not move downward, and the mounting plate 3 is located in the upper position of the locking ring 2. The relative positions of the mounting plate 3 and the locking ring 2 are as follows: Figures 1-9 , Figures 18-23 As shown.

[0088] When a person is struck by the vehicle's hood lock, the mounting plate 3 experiences a collision force and bears an impact load. This force compresses the pressure ring 1, causing it to deform and no longer support the mounting plate 3. In other words, when the impact load on the mounting plate 3 exceeds the maximum allowable crushing force of the locking structure 10, the pedestrian protection function of the locking structure 10 can be triggered. The mounting plate 3 can then move downwards, for example, to a lower position than the locking ring 2. The relative positions of the mounting plate 3 and the locking ring 2 are as follows: Figures 10-16 , Figures 24-28 As shown, this triggers the pedestrian protection function, causing the hood 200 to move downwards along with the mounting plate 3. This reduces the force exerted by the hood 200 on the head of the person being struck (taking a pedestrian as an example), and prevents the head from experiencing high impact acceleration in a very short collision time. In emergency traffic accidents, this maximizes the protection of the victim's head and reduces the severity of head injuries. The pedestrian protection function of the locking structure 10 in this application is reliably and stably triggered, and its mechanical mechanism is clear.

[0089] In related technologies, the overall structural rigidity of traditional hood locks is relatively high. This results in a high impact acceleration on the child's head within a very short time after a collision, causing severe head injuries. According to the locking structure 10 of this application embodiment, when a collision occurs, the impact force acts on the hood 200, causing the hood 200 to directly or indirectly compress the pressure ring 1. The pressure ring 1 deforms under load, causing the hood 200 to move downwards relative to the locking ring 2. This reduces the force exerted by the hood 200 on the child's head, lowers the impact acceleration, and effectively protects the child.

[0090] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 17 , Figure 29As shown, the pressure ring 1 is constructed with an arc-shaped structure, the central angle of which is greater than 90°, and the pressure ring 1 is sleeved on the locking ring 2.

[0091] In some embodiments of this application, the central angle of the pressure ring 1 is greater than 90° and less than 180°. The pressure ring 1 is constructed as a non-full-circle ring structure with a notch. For example, the pressure ring 1 is constructed as a "C" shape, which is a non-closed ring structure. The pressure ring 1 has a notch, which makes it convenient to install the pressure ring 1 on the locking ring 2. When the mounting plate 3 squeezes the pressure ring 1, the pressure ring 1 is easy to deform, making it easier for the pressure ring 1 to change from the position supporting the mounting plate 3 to the position where it no longer supports the mounting plate 3.

[0092] For example, the central angle of the pressure ring 1 can be 140°, 150°, 160°, etc.

[0093] In some embodiments of this application, the material of the pressure ring 1 can be an elastic material with a certain stiffness. For example, the material of the pressure ring 1 can be spring steel, such as 65Mn, 60Si2Mn, SUP9, SAE1070, etc.

[0094] Alternatively, in some other embodiments of this application, the material of the pressure ring 1 may be a plastic material with a certain strength, such as low-carbon steel Q235, polyoxymethylene (POM), etc.

[0095] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 6a , Figure 22a As shown, the locking ring 2 is provided with a limiting groove 21, and the pressure ring 1 is installed in the limiting groove 21. Under the action of the impact force, the cover 200 can directly or indirectly squeeze the pressure ring 1, so as to reduce the outer diameter of the pressure ring 1 or to disengage the pressure ring 1 from the locking ring 2. The limiting groove 21 is located at the upper position of the locking ring 2, and there is a lot of space below the limiting groove 21, thus providing sufficient space for the downward movement of the cover 200.

[0096] In some embodiments of this application, there is a limiting space 22 between the inner circumferential surface of the pressure ring 1 and the inner circumferential surface of the limiting groove 21. Under the action of the collision force, the cover 200 presses the pressure ring 1 into the limiting space 22, and the supporting effect of the pressure ring 1 on the cover 200 disappears, so that the cover 200 moves downward relative to the locking ring 2.

[0097] In some embodiments of this application, the trigger has a first working surface 31, and the pressure ring 1 has a second working surface 11. The second working surface 11 supports the first working surface 31. Under the action of the impact force, the first working surface 31 pushes the second working surface 11 to press the pressure ring 1 into the limiting space 22. The trigger is a housing 200; or, the trigger is a mounting plate 3 fixedly connected to the housing 200. The pressure ring 1 is formed as a crushing ring. When the trigger moves downward, the force exerted by the first working surface 31 on the second working surface 11 can reduce the outer diameter of the pressure ring 1, causing the pressure ring 1 to enter the limiting space 22.

[0098] In some embodiments of this application, both the first action surface 31 and the second action surface 11 are constructed as conical surfaces, with the same taper. The smaller diameter ends of the first action surface 31 and the second action surface 11 are located above the larger diameter ends of the first action surface 31 and the second action surface 11, and the angle between the first action surface 31 and the vertical direction is α. When the trigger moves downward, the force exerted by the first action surface 31 on the second action surface 11 has a radial component along the pressure ring 1. This component points towards the center of the pressure ring 1, and can deform the pressure ring 1 and allow it to enter the limiting space 22. This releases the pressure ring 1 from supporting and obstructing the trigger, allowing the trigger to move downward to reduce the force exerted by the trigger on the person being impacted and to prevent the head of the person being impacted from experiencing a high impact acceleration in a very short collision time.

[0099] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 17 As shown, the pressure ring 1 has a weakening structure 12. The weakening structure 12 can be a weakening groove or a thickness reduction area to weaken the strength of the pressure ring 1 in the weakening structure 12 area. In this way, when the impact load on the trigger does not need to be very large, the pressure ring 1 can be squeezed to a position that does not hinder the downward movement of the trigger. Specifically, the design of the weakening structure 12 of the crushing ring can be made according to the crushing force design requirements to more easily trigger the crushing action of the cover 200. If it is necessary to increase the pedestrian protection load triggering threshold, the strength of the pressure ring 1 can be increased.

[0100] For ease of description, the pedestrian protection function of the locking structure 10 is illustrated by taking the example of the locking structure 10 including the mounting plate 3, the triggering element being the mounting plate 3, the mounting plate 3 and the cover 200 being two separate components, and the mounting plate 3 being mounted on the cover 200.

[0101] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 6a , Figure 22aAs shown, the locking ring 2 has a limiting groove 21, and the pressure ring 1 is installed in the limiting groove 21. Specifically, when the locking structure 10 is not subjected to a collision force, the mounting plate 3 does not move downward, the pressure ring 1 is installed in the limiting groove 21, and the mounting plate 3 is located above the limiting groove 21. The limiting groove 21 provides an installation position for the pressure ring 1, allowing the pressure ring 1 to be securely installed on the locking ring 2. The pressure ring 1 can limit the mounting plate 3, preventing the mounting plate 3 from sinking downward. When the locking structure 10 is subjected to a collision force sufficient to push the mounting plate 3 downward, the mounting plate 3 moves downward relative to the locking ring 2 to trigger the pedestrian protection function, thereby preventing the mounting plate 3 from generating a large collision force on the person being hit. For example, the mounting plate 3 can move to the bottom of the limiting groove 21 or to the middle position of the limiting groove 21.

[0102] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 6a , Figure 21 , Figure 22a As shown, the limiting groove 21 is located at the upper position of the locking ring 2, and there is ample space below the limiting groove 21, thus providing sufficient space for the downward movement of the mounting plate 3. When the pedestrian's head does not impact the area of ​​the locking structure 10, the pressure ring 1 is positioned at the upper position of the locking ring 2, and the pressure ring 1 contacts the mounting plate 3 to form an interlocking structure. The pressure ring 1 acts as a limiting structure to restrict the downward sliding of the mounting plate 3. It can be understood that when the locking structure 10 does not include the mounting plate 3 and the pedestrian's head does not impact the area of ​​the locking structure 10, the pressure ring 1 can directly contact the cover 200 to form an interlocking structure.

[0103] In some embodiments of this application, the pressure ring 1 is formed as a pressure-embedded crushing ring. Figures 1-17 The diagram shows the locking structure 10 using a press-fit crushing ring and its implementation effect. (Refer to...) Figure 6a As shown, there is a limiting space 22 between the inner circumferential surface of the pressure ring 1 and the inner circumferential surface of the limiting groove 21. Under the action of the impact force, the mounting plate 3 presses the pressure ring 1 into the limiting space 22, so that the mounting plate 3 moves downward relative to the locking ring 2. Specifically, when the pedestrian's head impacts the area of ​​the locking structure 10, the impact load is transmitted to the mounting plate 3. When the impact load on the mounting plate 3 exceeds the maximum allowable crushing force, the pressure ring 1 undergoes embedded deformation, and the pressure ring 1 embeds into the locking ring 2. The original limiting effect of the pressure ring 1 on the mounting plate 3 is released, so that the mounting plate 3 can sink along the axial direction of the locking ring 2 to trigger the pedestrian protection function and protect the head of the VRU in a traffic accident.

[0104] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figures 6a-6bAs shown, the mounting plate 3 has a first working surface 31, and the pressure ring 1 has a second working surface 11. The second working surface 11 supports the first working surface 31. Under the action of the impact force, the first working surface 31 pushes the second working surface 11 to press the pressure ring 1 into the limiting space 22. In other words, the pressure ring 1 is formed as a press-fit crushing ring. When the mounting plate 3 moves downward, the force exerted by the first working surface 31 on the second working surface 11 can reduce the outer diameter of the pressure ring 1, causing the pressure ring 1 to enter the limiting space 22.

[0105] like Figures 6a-6b As shown, a pressure ring 1 is provided radially on the locking ring 2. This pressure ring 1 is a press-fit crushing ring. A certain allowable deformation gap, i.e., a limiting space 22, is pre-set between the press-fit crushing ring and the limiting groove 21 of the locking ring 2. When the area of ​​the hood lock 100 containing the latch structure 10 is subjected to the impact load of a pedestrian's head, and the load exceeds the allowable load limit of the product's pedestrian protection, the press-fit crushing ring deforms under the load and is compressed and embedded into the reserved limiting space 22. At this point, the original limiting constraint effect of the press-fit crushing ring on the mounting plate 3 disappears, and the mounting plate 3 sinks along the axial direction of the locking ring 2, triggering the pedestrian protection function of the hood lock 100. After the pedestrian protection function occurs, the press-fit crushing ring can undergo various deformation types, such as: fracture embedding, compression embedding, and rebound reset due to elastic potential energy after embedding, depending on the structural type and material characteristics of the press-fit crushing ring. The press-fit crushing ring can be replaced or reused depending on the deformation. For example, in Figures 13-14 In the process, after the pedestrian protection function is activated, the crushing ring rebounds and resets due to elastic potential energy.

[0106] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figures 6a-6b As shown, when the mounting plate 3 moves downward, the force exerted by the first action surface 31 on the second action surface 11 has a radial component along the pressure ring 1. This component points towards the center of the pressure ring 1. This component can deform the pressure ring 1 and enter the limiting space 22, thereby relieving the pressure ring 1 from supporting and blocking the mounting plate 3. The mounting plate 3 can then move downward to reduce the force exerted by the mounting plate 3 on the person being impacted, and to prevent the head of the person being impacted from experiencing a high impact acceleration in a very short collision time.

[0107] In some embodiments of this application, the locking ring 2 has a guide surface 23 for supporting the pressure ring 1. Under the action of an impact force, the housing 200 pushes the pressure ring 1 to move along the guide surface 23, so that the pressure ring 1 disengages from the locking ring 2. In other words, the pressure ring 1 is formed as a crushable ring.

[0108] In some embodiments, the pressure ring 1 is used to support the housing 200. When a pedestrian's head impacts the area of ​​the locking structure 10, if the impact load on the housing 200 exceeds the maximum allowable crushing force, the pressure ring 1 will undergo a disengagement deformation, disengaging from the locking ring 2. The original limiting effect of the pressure ring 1 on the mounting plate 3 will be released, allowing the mounting plate 3 to sink along the axial direction of the locking ring 2 to trigger the pedestrian protection function and protect the head of the VRU in a traffic accident.

[0109] In other embodiments of this application, the locking structure 10 further includes a mounting plate 3, which is adapted to be mounted on the hood 200. Figures 18-29 The diagram shows the locking structure 10 using a pressure-release crushing ring and its implementation effect. (Refer to...) Figure 22a As shown, the locking ring 2 has a guide surface 23, which supports the pressure ring 1. Under the action of the impact force, the mounting plate 3 pushes the pressure ring 1 to move along the guide surface 23, so that the pressure ring 1 disengages from the locking ring 2. Specifically, when a pedestrian's head impacts the area of ​​the locking structure 10, the impact load is transmitted to the mounting plate 3. When the impact load on the mounting plate 3 exceeds the maximum allowable crushing force, the pressure ring 1 undergoes a disengagement deformation, disengaging from the locking ring 2. The original limiting effect of the pressure ring 1 on the mounting plate 3 is released, allowing the mounting plate 3 to sink axially along the locking ring 2 to trigger the pedestrian protection function and protect the head of the VRU in a traffic accident.

[0110] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figures 22a-22b As shown, the guide surface 23 is constructed as a conical surface, and the small diameter end of the guide surface 23 is located above the large diameter end. The angle between the guide surface 23 and the vertical direction is α.

[0111] Reference Figures 22a-22b As shown, the taper of the guide surface 23 is α. A pressure ring 1 is provided radially on the locking ring 2. This pressure ring 1 is a push-off crushing ring. A guide surface 23, allowing for slippage, is pre-installed between the push-off crushing ring and the locking ring 2. The inclination angle of the guide surface 23 is α. When the area of ​​the machine cover lock 100 is subjected to a pedestrian head impact load, and the load exceeds the product's pedestrian protection allowable load limit, the push-off crushing ring undergoes tensile and outward deformation under the load. Consequently, the push-off crushing ring disengages from its original limiting groove 21 position. At this point, the original limiting constraint of the push-off crushing ring on the mounting plate 3 disappears, and the mounting plate 3 sinks axially along the locking ring 2, triggering the pedestrian protection function of the machine cover lock 100. After the pedestrian protection function is triggered, unlike the press-fit crushing ring, the push-off crushing ring will detach from the locking ring 2. The push-off crushing ring can be replaced or reused depending on the deformation.

[0112] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 29As shown, the inner circumferential surface of the pressure ring 1 has a first protrusion 13 and a second protrusion 14, which protrude toward the locking ring 2. The inner circumferential surface of the pressure ring 1 forms a superior arc segment between the first protrusion 13 and the second protrusion 14. The superior arc segment is suitable for being fitted onto the locking ring 2, taking the mounting plate 3 as an example as the trigger element. The structure of the superior arc segment makes it difficult for the pressure ring 1 to fall off the locking ring 2 when the mounting plate 3 is not subjected to an impact force, and can effectively support the mounting plate 3.

[0113] The crushing ring can be structurally weakened in advance according to the crushing force design requirements (such as reducing the contact area between the crushing ring and the locking ring 2, etc.). Figure 29 The area of ​​the first protrusion 13 and the second protrusion 14 in the middle is increased to more easily trigger the crushing action of the mounting plate 3 and the housing 200. If it is necessary to increase the pedestrian protection load trigger threshold, the strength of the pressure ring 1 can be increased.

[0114] like Figures 6a-6b , Figures 22a-22b As shown, the stress analysis of the crushing failure principle of the locking structure 10 is as follows;

[0115] Horizontal load:

[0116]

[0117] Vertical load:

[0118]

[0119] Allowable failure load of pedestrian protection structure:

[0120]

[0121] exist Figures 6a-6b In the mounting plate 3, a first working surface 31 is provided, and a pressure ring 1 has a second working surface 11. The second working surface 11 supports the first working surface 31. The angle between the first working surface 31 and the vertical direction is α. When the mounting plate 3 moves downward, the force exerted by the first working surface 31 on the second working surface 11 is... F N2 The frictional force between mounting plate 3 and pressure ring 1 is f , f=μF N2 The elastic force of the pressure ring 1 is F T .

[0122] exist Figures 22a-22b In the middle, the locking ring 2 has a guide surface 23, which is used to support the pressure ring 1. The angle between the guide surface 23 and the vertical direction is α. When the mounting plate 3 moves downward, the force exerted by the guide surface 23 on the pressure ring 1 is F. N2The frictional force between pressure ring 1 and locking ring 2 is f, f=μF N2 The elastic force of the pressure ring 1 is F. T .

[0123] Based on the above stress characteristics of the product, the allowable failure load of the pedestrian protection structure can be determined. F N1 and F T , μ , α Three factors are related. The locking structure 10 of this application can achieve the elastic force F of the pressure ring 1 by changing the material properties, boundary dimensions, shape and structure of the pressure ring 1, etc. T The change in the surface friction coefficient μ can also be achieved by altering the preset tilt angle α of the mounting plate 3, thereby realizing the pedestrian protection structure failure allowable load of the locking structure 10 of this application. F N1 Changes and adjustments.

[0124] In some embodiments of this application, the locking structure 10 further includes a first limiting structure 4, which is disposed at one end of the upwardly extending trigger member of the locking ring 2. The first limiting structure 4 is used to limit the extreme position of the upward movement of the trigger member; wherein, the trigger member is the cover 200; or, the trigger member is the mounting plate 3 fixedly connected to the cover 200.

[0125] In some embodiments not shown in the figures, the housing 200 includes an inner plate and an outer plate, and the trigger can be the inner plate of the housing 200. The first limiting structure 4 is used to limit the extreme position of the upward movement of the inner plate and to restrict the inner plate from disengaging from the locking ring 2.

[0126] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 , Figure 21 , Figure 23 As shown, the trigger is the mounting plate 3, and the first limiting structure 4 is located at the end of the locking ring 2 that extends upward from the mounting plate 3. The first limiting structure 4 is used to limit the extreme position of the upward movement of the mounting plate 3. Specifically, the upper end of the locking ring 2 extends upward from the mounting plate 3, and the first limiting structure 4 is located at the upper end of the locking ring 2. The first limiting structure 4 is used to restrict the mounting plate 3 from disengaging upward from the locking ring 2.

[0127] In some embodiments of this application, the first limiting structure 4 can be a structure detachably installed on the locking ring 2. For example, the first limiting structure 4 is a nut, and the upper end of the locking ring 2 is threaded. The nut is screwed into the thread to fix it, thereby restricting the mounting plate 3 from coming off axially upward along the locking ring 2. The locking structure 10 also includes an anti-loosening washer 5, which is located between the first limiting structure 4 and the mounting plate 3. The anti-loosening washer 5 serves as an auxiliary component of the first limiting structure 4 to prevent structural failure due to stress relaxation of the mounting plate 3.

[0128] It should be noted that the screw connection method is only one feasible installation method. Any installation method that can achieve the above-mentioned effects is considered an equivalent solution.

[0129] In some other embodiments of this application, the first limiting structure 4 may also be an integrally formed structure on the top of the locking ring 2. For example, after the locking ring 2 is assembled with the mounting plate 3, the top of the locking ring 2 is formed into a flange structure by a riveting process, and this flange structure is the first limiting structure 4.

[0130] In some other embodiments of this application, the first limiting structure 4 may also be a structure fixed to the top of the locking ring 2. For example, after assembling the locking ring 2 with the mounting plate 3, a stop block is welded to the top of the locking ring 2, and this stop block is constructed as the first limiting structure 4. Alternatively, after assembling the locking ring 2 with the mounting plate 3, a rivet is provided on the top of the locking ring 2, and the outer diameter of the rivet is larger than the diameter of the locking ring hole.

[0131] The first limiting structure 4 is a permanent or semi-permanent fastening method, and the pressure ring 1 will deform and embed or dislodge from the mounting plate 3 once the pedestrian protection function is activated, allowing the mounting plate 3 to sink along the axial direction of the locking ring 2 and triggering the pedestrian protection function.

[0132] In some embodiments of this application, the locking ring 2 includes a plurality of rods 24 and at least one connecting portion 25, the connecting portion 25 being used to connect two or more rods 24, and a pressure ring 1 being sleeved on the rods 24. The rods 24 pass through locking ring holes on the trigger member, the connecting portion 25 being used to connect two or more rods 24, and the pressure ring 1 being sleeved on the rods 24. For example, in... Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Figures 9-10 , Figures 15-16 , Figure 18 , Figures 23-24 , Figure 28 In the example, the trigger is the mounting plate 3, the locking ring 2 includes two rods 24 and a connecting part 25, which connects the two rods 24, and the locking ring 2 has a "U" shaped structure.

[0133] In some embodiments of this application, a second limiting structure is provided on the rod 24, which is used to limit the downward movement limit position of the housing 200. When the trigger is the mounting plate 3, the second limiting structure is used to limit the downward movement limit position of the mounting plate 3.

[0134] For example, the second limiting structure can be an annular protrusion extending from the outer circumference of the rod 24, or it can be a dotted structure extending from the outer circumference of the rod 24. When the pressure ring 1 no longer supports the trigger, the trigger moves downward until it contacts the second limiting structure, at which point it stops moving downward. This prevents the trigger from moving excessively downward, which could cause it to compress components within the cabin space and damage those components. The cabin can be either the forward cabin or the aft cabin.

[0135] Taking the trigger element as mounting plate 3 as an example, Figures 10-16 , Figures 24-28 The diagram illustrates the structure after the pedestrian protection function is triggered. Theoretically, the mounting plate 3, together with the cover 200, can settle to the axial height of the rod 24 of the locking ring 2, until the mounting plate 3 is fully engaged and limited at the connecting part 25 of the locking ring 2. By setting a second limiting structure on the rod 24, the downward movement limit of the mounting plate 3 is no longer limited by the connecting part 25, but by the second limiting structure, thus preventing further overall settlement of the mounting plate 3 and the cover 200.

[0136] When the locking structure 10 of this application triggers the pedestrian protection function, the mounting plate 3 can be lifted manually or automatically by means of necessary structural damage identification. Since the mounting plate 3 is fixedly connected to the cover 200, the cover 200 will be lifted and reset together with the mounting plate 3. When it is reset to the original height level, the pressure ring 1 can be re-embedded into the limiting groove 21 on the locking ring 2, thus completing the low-cost after-sales processing operation.

[0137] In some embodiments of this application, the mounting plate 3 is provided with a mounting structure 32, and the mounting plate 3 is adapted to be fixedly connected to the hood 200 of the vehicle 1000 via the mounting structure 32. For example, in Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 12 , Figure 18 , Figure 20 , Figures 24-25In one example, mounting structure 32 is a mounting hole, which is a smooth hole through which bolts pass and are fastened to the housing 200, thus achieving a fixed connection between mounting plate 3 and housing 200. Alternatively, mounting structure 32 can be a projection-welded stud, which passes through the mounting hole on housing 200 and is screwed onto a nut, thus achieving a fixed connection between mounting plate 3 and housing 200. Yet another example is mounting structure 32 as a projection-welded nut, where bolts pass through the mounting hole on housing 200 and are screwed onto the projection-welded nut, thus achieving a fixed connection between mounting plate 3 and housing 200.

[0138] The number of mounting structures 32 can be one or more, for example, in Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 12 , Figure 18 , Figure 20 , Figures 24-25 In the example, mounting structure 32 consists of two mounting holes: one is a round hole and the other is an oblong hole. This allows for fine-tuning of the relative positions of the mounting plate 3 and the housing 200 when connecting and fixing the mounting plate 3 to the housing 200, reducing the assembly difficulty. Of course, in some embodiments not shown in the figure, both mounting holes may be round holes, oblong holes, or holes of other shapes or the same shape.

[0139] In some embodiments of this application, when there are multiple mounting structures 32, the positions of the multiple mounting structures 32 on the mounting plate 3 are symmetrical. For example, when there are two mounting structures 32, the positions of the two mounting structures 32 on the mounting plate 3 are symmetrical about the axis of the locking ring hole. Thus, when the mounting plate 3 is fixed to the machine cover 200, the force on the mounting plate 3 is balanced.

[0140] According to the embodiments of this application, after the locking structure 10 triggers the pedestrian protection function and the pressure ring 1 is embedded in the limiting space 22 or disengaged from the locking ring 2, the pressure ring 1 of the same specification can be reused or replaced according to the material properties and deformation state. This reduces after-sales maintenance costs by 90%, resulting in low maintenance costs and a low rate of after-sales complaints. It can achieve high efficiency and low cost in pedestrian protection functions.

[0141] According to the embodiment of this application, the locking structure 10 is equipped with a low-cost crushable pressure ring 1 (pressure-embedded crushable ring, pressure-release crushable ring) to provide pedestrian protection function, so as to protect the head of the pedestrian to the greatest extent in emergency traffic accidents and reduce the severity of head injury to the pedestrian.

[0142] Reference Figure 30As shown, the hood lock 100 according to a second aspect embodiment of this application includes a lock body 20 and the aforementioned latch structure 10. The lock body 20 is used to lock or unlock the latch structure 10. Specifically, the lock body 20 includes a locking member for locking the latch structure 10 or releasing the latch structure 10 to unlock it.

[0143] The lock body 20 is installed on the vehicle body. When the locking element locks the latch structure 10, the hood 200 cannot be opened; when the locking element unlocks the latch structure 10, the hood 200 can be opened.

[0144] According to the embodiment of this application, when a collision occurs, the collision force acts on the hood 200, causing the hood 200 to directly or indirectly compress the pressure ring 1. The pressure ring 1 deforms under the load, causing the hood 200 to move downward relative to the locking ring 2. This helps to reduce the force exerted by the hood 200 on the head of the person being hit, and reduces the impact acceleration on the head of the person being hit, thereby effectively protecting the person being hit.

[0145] According to the embodiment of this application, the cover lock 100, while ensuring the strength of the cover lock 100, adds a crushable pressure ring 1 (press-embedded crushable ring, press-release crushable ring) at the axial position of the lock ring 2 on the lower side of the cover 200. This can give the cover lock 100 pedestrian protection function without changing the original structural strength and stability of the lock body 20. It can effectively guarantee the cover lock 100 in a variety of actual road application scenarios and achieve compatibility between product structural strength and pedestrian protection performance.

[0146] Reference Figure 31 As shown, a vehicle 1000 according to a third aspect embodiment of this application includes a body, a hood 200 and the aforementioned hood lock 100, with the lock body 20 disposed on the body.

[0147] According to the vehicle 1000 of this application embodiment, when a collision occurs, the collision force acts on the hood 200, causing the hood 200 to directly or indirectly compress the pressure ring 1. The pressure ring 1 deforms under the load, causing the hood 200 to move downward relative to the locking ring 2. This helps to reduce the force of the hood 200 on the head of the person being hit, reduce the impact acceleration on the head of the person being hit, and reduce the degree of head injury when the person being hit is hit by the hood 200. This can effectively protect the person being hit and will play a positive role in improving the passive safety protection of the vehicle's pedestrian head in collisions.

[0148] This application also proposes a design method for the crushing force of a hood lock, wherein the hood lock 100 is the hood lock 100 of the third aspect embodiment described above, and the design method includes:

[0149] S1: Simulate the structure of the machine cover lock 100;

[0150] S2: Verify whether the simulation results meet the target HIC value requirements. If the simulation results meet the target HIC value requirements, then use the force value of the top section of the mounting plate 3 in the simulation model as the standard for the external load intervention in the static pressure test, and proceed to step S3.

[0151] S3: Apply the static pressure test load obtained in step S2 to the hood lock 100 to verify whether the hood lock 100 has been triggered to crush. After the static pressure test is completed, if the display shows that the hood lock 100 has been crushed, it means that the component-level product meets the standard and the target HIC value requirement, and proceed to step S4.

[0152] S4: Conduct a head impact test on the entire vehicle to verify whether it meets the target HIC value requirements. If the test verifies that the target HIC value requirements are met, it means that the product design is complete and the pedestrian protection performance meets the standards.

[0153] Reference Figure 32 As shown, the design method for the hood's locking and crushing force specifically includes the following steps:

[0154] S01. Set the target HIC value for area 10 of the locking structure;

[0155] For example, the target HIC value for area 10 of the locking structure can be set to <650, 650~1000, 1000~1350, 1350~1700, ≥1700, etc. Specifically, when the HIC value of area 10 of the locking structure is <650, the corresponding pedestrian head protection score is 1; when the HIC value of area 10 of the locking structure is 650~1000, the corresponding pedestrian head protection score is 0.75; when the HIC value of area 10 of the locking structure is 1000~1350, the corresponding pedestrian head protection score is 0.50; when the HIC value of area 10 of the locking structure is 1350~1700, the corresponding pedestrian head protection score is 0.25; and when the HIC value of area 10 of the locking structure is ≥1700, the corresponding pedestrian head protection score is 0. The target HIC value of area 10 of the locking structure can be set according to the desired pedestrian head protection score.

[0156] S02. Build a CAE simulation model of pedestrian head collision on the machine cover lock 100 and perform pedestrian head collision simulation on the model to extract the synthetic acceleration-displacement curve.

[0157] The pedestrian head collision simulation test process includes: in the pedestrian head collision CAE simulation model, controlling the child head-shaped impactor 300 to impact the locking structure 10 at the target regulatory test speed;

[0158] Reference Figure 33As shown, the displacement corresponding to the first impact of the head-shaped impactor 300 onto the mounting plate 3 is determined and denoted as the component collision displacement point. This component collision displacement point corresponds to the displacement value of the first occurrence of Von Mises stress in the latch structure 10 in the pedestrian head collision CAE simulation model in step S02, and this value is measured in real time by the head-shaped impactor 300. The impact process of the pedestrian's head can be simplified as the process of the impact kinetic energy of the head-shaped impactor 300 being dissipated one by one in each component of the vehicle body. That is, in the area of ​​the hood lock 100, the total impact kinetic energy of the head-shaped impactor 300 can be distributed to the two main components, the hood 200 and the key hard point hood lock 100, which can be solved by the kinetic energy theorem according to the following five equations.

[0159]

[0160] The impact direction of the head-shaped impactor 300 is basically collinear with the collapse and settlement direction of the locking structure 10. S1 is the impact displacement of the head-shaped impactor 300 from the first contact with the cover 200 to the collision displacement point of the component, specifically manifested as the movement displacement of the cover 200. S2 is the impact displacement corresponding to the collision displacement of the head-shaped impactor 300 to the maximum impact stroke, specifically manifested as the settlement displacement of the mounting plate 3. S is the total displacement of the head-shaped impactor 300 from the first contact with the cover 200 to the maximum impact stroke. Equation (4) can be obtained. Equation (5) is the kinetic energy theorem corresponding to the impact of the head-shaped impactor 300 on the hard-point components (cover 200 and mounting plate 3). m The mass of the head-type impactor 300 is taken as 3.5 kg. g ( x Equation (6) is the equation for the composite acceleration-displacement curve corresponding to the head impact process; Equation (7) is the quantitative calculation and distribution process of the impact collision energy of the head impactor 300, used to describe the energy dissipation and distribution process of the pedestrian head collision in the front area of ​​the vehicle 1000; Equation (8) represents the simplified equivalent substitution process of the collision energy of the head impactor 300 throughout the entire process, transforming the multi-peak composite acceleration-displacement curves corresponding to the impact strokes of S1 and S2 into square wave composite acceleration-displacement curves, respectively referring to the simplified quantitative calculation process of the total collision energy distribution of the hood 200 and the hood lock 100, where a1 is the average acceleration of the head impactor 300 in S1 and a2 is the average acceleration of the head impactor 300 in S2, such as Figures 33-34 As shown; Equation (8) represents the maximum head-shaped collision composite acceleration Ar in the 100 region based on the square wave composite acceleration-displacement curve quantitative computer simulation. max .

[0161] Based on the mass m of the child head-shaped impactor 300, the combined head acceleration obtained from the simulation experiment, and the X and Y integrals obtained from S1 and S2, the equivalent simplified square wave combined acceleration-displacement curve is calculated, as follows: Figure 33 As shown.

[0162] S03. Based on the composite acceleration-displacement curve extracted in step S02, the average maximum head-shaped collision composite acceleration Ar is obtained according to the equivalence principle. max ;

[0163] Based on the above decomposition of the collision process, and combined with the physical meaning of the integral of the composite acceleration-displacement curve (GD curve) of the collision process, it can be concluded that the integral values ​​in different integration intervals of the GD curve represent the energy dissipation distribution along the collision path, while the displacement point of the component collision ( Figure 33 As shown, the starting displacement point of the hood lock 100 affected by the head collision is taken as the integral point. The curves before and after the collision are integrated, and the integral area after the displacement point of the component collision is the influence area of ​​the hood lock 100 (interval integral value Y). A simplified square wave is plotted according to the principle of integral equivalence (e.g., Figure 34 As shown), the average maximum head-shaped collision composite acceleration Ar can be equivalently derived. max， As shown in equations (7) to (8).

[0164] S04. The pedestrian protection crushing force limit range of the locking structure 10 is defined by the following formulas (9)~(10), which are used to obtain the static pedestrian protection crushing force. F N1 Proceed to step S05;

[0165]

[0166] The dynamic pedestrian protection crushing force can be obtained by solving equation (9) based on equation (8) and Newton's second law. F N1-dynamic .Depend on F N1-dynamic Static pedestrian protection crush force F N1 Static pedestrian protection crush force is the allowable failure load of the pedestrian protection structure. F N1 The transformation relationship is shown in equation (10), where: m 300-ton head-shaping impactor for children. θ 1 represents the empirical equivalent substitution ratio of static to dynamic crushing force, determined based on engineering practice experience. θ 1 < 1, pedestrian protection structure strength design θ 1 is generally taken as 1 / 3;

[0167] For example, θ 1 can be 1 / 2, 1 / 3, 1 / 4, etc.

[0168] S05. The allowable failure load of the pedestrian protection structure can be obtained through step S04. F N1This value forms an equivalent correlation with the mechanical decomposition formula (3) above. From this point on, reverse design can be carried out based on the allowable load of pedestrian protection, that is, by knowing the allowable failure load of the pedestrian protection structure. F N1 Design a pressure ring 1 that meets the allowable load.

[0169] In the design process, it is assumed that the elastic force of the pressure ring 1 is known. F T coefficient of friction μ Combined with the allowable failure load of pedestrian protection structure F N1 The included angle α can be obtained from this.

[0170] S06. Input the included angle α and the material properties, boundary dimensions, and shape structure of the pressure ring 1 as design variables into the pedestrian head collision CAE simulation model in step S02, and input the CAE failure criteria to perform pedestrian head collision simulation on the pedestrian head collision CAE simulation model, and proceed to step S07.

[0171] Among them, the CAE failure criterion is that the crushing force is greater than the static pedestrian protection crushing force. F N1 At that time, the pressure ring 1 collapsed, and the mounting plate 3 settled and moved downward.

[0172] S07. Verify whether the simulation test results meet the target HIC value requirements. If the CAE simulation results meet the target HIC value requirements, extract the force value of the top section of mounting plate 3 in the pedestrian head collision CAE simulation model as the standard for external load intervention in the static pressure test, and proceed to step S08. If the CAE simulation results do not meet the target HIC value requirements, return to step S04 and adjust... θ Re-adjust sequentially from level 1 to slightly smaller levels;

[0173] If the simulation test results show that the hood lock 100 has been crushed, it means that the simulation test results meet the target HIC value requirements. If the simulation test results show that the hood lock 100 has not been crushed, it means that the simulation test results do not meet the target HIC value requirements.

[0174] The formula for calculating the HIC value in the simulation test results is referenced in formula (11):

[0175]

[0176] in, t 1. t 2 represents the time from the initial contact of the head-type impactor 300 with the shroud 200 to the maximum impact stroke, and t 2- t 1. No more than 15ms aThis represents the composite acceleration at a certain moment in the composite acceleration-time curve equation corresponding to the head impact process.

[0177] S08. Perform a static pressure test on the hood lock 100 to verify whether the hood lock 100 has been triggered to crush.

[0178] If the static pressure test shows that the hood lock 100 has collapsed, it indicates that the component-level product meets the target HIC value requirements, and proceeds to step S09; if the static pressure test shows that the hood lock 100 has not collapsed, then step S05 is adjusted, and other equivalent loads that meet the pedestrian protection structure failure tolerance requirements are replaced. F N1 The locking structure 10.

[0179] S09. Conduct a head impact test on the entire vehicle to verify whether it meets the target HIC value requirements;

[0180] If the test verifies that the target HIC value requirement is met, it indicates that the product design is complete and the pedestrian protection performance meets the standard; otherwise, if it is not met, proceed to step S04 for adjustment. θ Readjust the order from level 1 to slightly smaller levels.

[0181] After the component-level products in step S08 meet the standards and the target HIC value requirements, they are mounted on the corresponding vehicle of the CAE model for head-on collision testing to evaluate the HIC and crush level after the product is mounted.

[0182] The above execution steps S01~S09 enable the pedestrian protection function of the engine hood lock area. The entire mechanism is stable and reliable when the pedestrian protection function is triggered. The crushing force level of the product can be quantitatively determined according to the specific vehicle space. After the pedestrian protection crushing function is triggered, the product structure can be reused in a low-cost and convenient way. Moreover, the corresponding structural design method is reliable and the data is detailed, which has engineering design and application feasibility.

[0183] The locking structure 10 of this application can quantitatively determine the required pedestrian protection crushing force according to the energy absorption space of the front compartment hood lock of the vehicle model. By changing the structural form of the locking structure 10 (including but not limited to: the material, thickness, structural weakening method, crushing stroke, etc. of the pressure ring 1; the stress concentration design of the crushing section of the locking ring 2, etc.), the pedestrian protection crushing force of the front compartment hood lock can be dynamically changed, thereby meeting the pedestrian protection performance requirements under different collision energy absorption space conditions.

[0184] The locking structure 10 of this application can be applied throughout the entire design cycle of the hood lock, especially in the component performance verification and vehicle performance verification stages. If the arrangement of the front compartment hood lock changes, causing a change in the collision energy absorption space, and thus requiring a change in the pedestrian protection crush force attribute of this product, the pedestrian protection performance level can be changed by dynamically adjusting the structural form of the locking structure 10. This can mitigate the product performance risks in the vehicle trial production and verification stage and maximize the fault tolerance rate.

[0185] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0186] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0187] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0188] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A locking structure, characterized in that, For use in a vehicle (1000), the locking structure (10) includes: Locking ring (2), the locking ring (2) is adapted to lock or unlock with a lock body (20) on the vehicle body, and the locking ring (2) is provided with a limiting groove (21); A pressure ring (1) is installed in the limiting groove (21). The pressure ring (1) is adapted to be connected to the cover (200). When the area of ​​the locking structure (10) is impacted, when the impact load on the cover (200) exceeds the maximum allowable crushing force, the cover (200) can directly or indirectly squeeze the pressure ring (1). The pressure ring (1) deforms under the load. The outer diameter of the pressure ring (1) shrinks and embeds into the limiting groove (21) or causes the pressure ring (1) to disengage from the locking ring (2), thereby relieving the supporting effect of the pressure ring (1) on the cover (200) so that the cover (200) moves downward relative to the locking ring (2). The pressure ring (1) is constructed as a non-closed arc-shaped structure with a notch. The central angle of the arc-shaped structure is greater than 90°. The pressure ring (1) is sleeved on the locking ring (2). The pressure ring (1) is provided with a weakening structure (12). The weakening structure (12) is a weakening groove or a thickness reduction area to weaken the strength of the pressure ring (1) in the weakening structure (12) area. By changing the structural weakening method of the pressure ring (1), the change of the crushing force of the front cabin hood lock pedestrian protection can be dynamically realized.

2. The locking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a limiting space (22) between the inner circumferential surface of the pressure ring (1) and the inner circumferential surface of the limiting groove (21). Under the action of the collision force, the machine cover (200) presses the pressure ring (1) into the limiting space (22) so that the machine cover (200) moves downward relative to the locking ring (2).

3. The locking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The trigger has a first working surface (31), and the pressure ring (1) has a second working surface (11). The second working surface (11) is used to support the first working surface (31). Under the action of the collision force, the first working surface (31) pushes the second working surface (11) to press the pressure ring (1) into the limiting space (22). The triggering element is a housing (200); or, the triggering element is a mounting plate (3) fixedly connected to the housing (200).

4. The locking structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first working surface (31) and the second working surface (11) are constructed as conical surfaces. The first working surface (31) and the second working surface (11) have the same taper. The small diameter ends of the first working surface (31) and the second working surface (11) are located above the large diameter ends of the first working surface (31) and the second working surface (11).

5. The locking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking ring (2) has a guide surface (23) for supporting the pressure ring (1). Under the action of the impact force, the cover (200) pushes the pressure ring (1) to move along the guide surface (23) so that the pressure ring (1) disengages from the locking ring (2).

6. The locking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guide surface (23) is constructed as a tapered surface, and the small diameter end of the guide surface (23) is located above the large diameter end.

7. The locking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner circumferential surface of the pressure ring (1) has a first protrusion (13) and a second protrusion (14), the first protrusion (13) and the second protrusion (14) protrude toward the locking ring (2), and the inner circumferential surface of the pressure ring (1) forms a superior arc segment between the first protrusion (13) and the second protrusion (14), the superior arc segment being suitable for being fitted onto the locking ring (2).

8. The locking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking structure (10) further includes a first limiting structure (4), which is disposed at one end of the upwardly extending trigger of the locking ring (2). The first limiting structure (4) is used to limit the extreme position of the upward movement of the trigger. The triggering element is a housing (200); or, the triggering element is a mounting plate (3) fixedly connected to the housing (200).

9. The locking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking ring (2) includes multiple rods (24) and at least one connecting part (25), the connecting part (25) is used to connect two or more of the rods (24), and the pressure ring (1) is sleeved on the rods (24).

10. The locking structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The rod (24) is provided with a second limiting structure, which is used to limit the extreme position of the downward movement of the cover (200).

11. The locking structure according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that, The locking structure (10) further includes a mounting plate (3), which is adapted to be installed on the housing (200). Under the action of the impact force, the mounting plate (3) can squeeze the pressure ring (1) so that the housing (200) and the mounting plate (3) move downward relative to the locking ring (2).

12. The locking structure according to claim 11, characterized in that, The mounting plate (3) is provided with a mounting structure (32), and the mounting plate (3) is adapted to be fixedly connected to the machine cover (200) through the mounting structure (32).

13. The locking structure according to claim 11, characterized in that, The mounting plate (3) is provided with a locking ring hole, and the locking ring (2) passes through the locking ring hole. When the pressure ring (1) supports the mounting plate (3), the pressure ring (1) is located below the locking ring hole.

14. A machine cover lock, characterized in that, include: The locking structure (10) according to any one of claims 1-13; and Lock body (20), the lock body (20) is used to lock or unlock the latch structure (10).

15. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a body, a hood (200), and a hood lock (100) as claimed in claim 14, wherein the lock body (20) is disposed on the body.

16. A design method for the crushing force of a machine hood lock, characterized in that, The hood lock (100) is the hood lock (100) as described in claim 14, and the design method includes: S01. Set the target HIC value for the locking structure area; S02. Build a CAE simulation model of pedestrian head collision for the machine cover lock and perform pedestrian head collision simulation on the model, and extract the synthetic acceleration-displacement curve; S03. Based on the composite acceleration-displacement curve extracted in step S02, the average maximum head-shaped collision composite acceleration Ar is obtained according to the equivalence principle. max ; S04. The limit range of the pedestrian protection crushing force for the interlocking structure is defined by the following formula, which yields the static pedestrian protection crushing force F. N1 Proceed to step S05; F N1-dynamic =m·Ar max F N1 =θ1·F N1-dynamic In the formula: F N1-dynamic For dynamic pedestrian protection crushing force, m is the mass of the child head-shaped impactor, and θ1 is the empirical equivalent substitution ratio of static-dynamic crushing force, where θ1 < 1. S05. Obtain the allowable failure load F of the pedestrian protection structure through step S04. N1 The allowable failure load F of the pedestrian protection structure can be obtained through the known failure load. N1 The pressure ring (1) is designed to meet the allowable load; The stress analysis of the crushing failure principle of the locking structure is as follows: Horizontal load: F T +f·sinα=F T +μF N2 sinα=F N2 cosα Vertical load: F N1 =F N2 sinα+fcosα=F N2 sinα+μF N2 cosα Allowable failure load of pedestrian protection structure: The trigger is a mounting plate (3) fixedly connected to the housing (200). The mounting plate (3) has a first working surface (31), and the pressure ring (1) has a second working surface (11). The second working surface (11) supports the first working surface (31). The angle between the first working surface (31) and the vertical direction is α. When the mounting plate (3) moves downward, the force exerted by the first working surface (31) on the second working surface (11) is F. N2 The frictional force between the mounting plate (3) and the pressure ring (1) is f, f = μF N2 ; Alternatively, the trigger is a mounting plate (3) fixedly connected to the housing (200), the locking ring (2) has a guide surface (23) for supporting the pressure ring (1), the guide surface (23) has an angle α with the vertical direction, and when the mounting plate (3) moves downward, the force exerted by the guide surface (23) on the pressure ring (1) is F. N2 The frictional force between the pressure ring (1) and the locking ring (2) is f, f = μF N2 ; The elastic force F of the pressure ring (1) T The coefficient of friction μ is a known quantity, so that the included angle α can be obtained; S06. Input the included angle α and the material properties, boundary dimensions and shape structure of the pressure ring (1) as design variables into the pedestrian head collision CAE simulation model in step S02, and input the CAE failure criteria to perform pedestrian head collision simulation on the pedestrian head collision CAE simulation model, and proceed to step S07. S07. Verify whether the simulation test results meet the target HIC value requirements. If the CAE simulation results meet the target HIC value requirements, extract the force value of the top section of the mounting plate (3) in the pedestrian head collision CAE simulation model as the standard for the external load intervention of the static pressure test, and proceed to step S08. If the CAE simulation results do not meet the target HIC value requirements, return to step S04, adjust θ1 to a slightly smaller level and readjust in sequence. S08. Perform a static pressure test on the hood lock to verify whether the hood lock has been triggered to crush. If the static pressure test shows that the hood lock has collapsed, it indicates that the component-level product meets the target HIC value requirement, and proceeds to step S09; if the static pressure test shows that the hood lock has not collapsed, step S05 is adjusted, and other equivalent components that meet the pedestrian protection structure failure allowable load F are replaced. N1 The locking structure; S09. Conduct a head impact test on the entire vehicle to verify whether it meets the target HIC value requirements; If the test verifies that the target HIC value requirement is met, it means that the product design is complete and the pedestrian protection performance meets the standard; otherwise, if it is not met, proceed to step S04, adjust θ1 to a slightly smaller level and readjust in sequence.

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