Supporting and jacking device for digging and anchoring all-in-one machine and control method of supporting and jacking device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of digging and anchoring all-in-one machines, and particularly relates to a jacking device for a digging and anchoring all-in-one machine and a control method of the jacking device. Comprising a jacking oil cylinder base, a jacking oil cylinder and a jacking pressure plate, a bolt hole is formed in the supporting and jacking oil cylinder base, and the supporting and jacking oil cylinder base can be connected with the digging and anchoring all-in-one machine through a bolt; the cylinder barrel end of the jacking oil cylinder is connected with the jacking oil cylinder base, and the cylinder rod end of the jacking oil cylinder is connected with the jacking pressing disc. The top supporting oil cylinder is a double-telescopic oil cylinder, a first-stage rodless cavity and a second-stage rodless cavity of the top supporting oil cylinder are isolated, the first-stage rodless cavity and the second-stage rodless cavity are provided with independent oil ways, and a second-stage rod cavity of the top supporting oil cylinder is communicated with the first-stage rod cavity through the internal oil way; the problems that the digging and anchoring integrated machine is difficult to adapt to different mining heights, the machine body is difficult to stabilize, the jacking device is easy to damage and the like due to different supporting forces after first-stage and second-stage stretching of a conventional two-stage jacking device are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of roadheader-anchoring machines, and particularly relates to a roof-bolting device for a roadheader-anchoring machine and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The roof-bolting device is used to provide stable support for the fuselage when the roadheader-anchoring machine cuts semi-coal rock roadways, avoiding insufficient fuselage stability. In order to improve the adaptable height of the roof-bolting device during operation, a two-stage telescopic mechanism is designed. During the ascending process, the maximum support force provided by the roof-bolting device is always the same, avoiding damage to the roadway roof caused by excessive output force and inability to stably support the fuselage due to too small output force. In the existing roof-bolting cylinder, the rodless cavities of the first-stage cylinder and the second-stage cylinder cannot be independently supplied with oil, resulting in different support forces provided after the first-stage extension and the second-stage extension. This invention solves the problems that the roadheader-anchoring machine is difficult to adapt to different mining heights due to different support forces after the first-stage and the second-stage extensions, which easily leads to unstable fuselage and easy damage to the roof-bolting device. Summary of the Invention

[0003] An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.

[0004] The present invention provides the following technical solution: A roof-bolting device for a roadheader-anchoring machine, including a roof-bolting cylinder base, a roof-bolting cylinder, and a roof-bolting pressure plate; bolt holes are provided on the roof-bolting cylinder base, and the roof-bolting cylinder base can be connected to the roadheader-anchoring machine through bolts; the cylinder barrel end of the roof-bolting cylinder is connected to the roof-bolting cylinder base, and the rod end of the roof-bolting cylinder is connected to the roof-bolting pressure plate;

[0005] The roof-bolting cylinder is a double-telescopic cylinder, the rodless cavities of the first stage and the second stage of the roof-bolting cylinder are isolated, independent oil circuits are provided for the rodless cavities of the first stage and the second stage, and the rodless cavity of the second stage of the roof-bolting cylinder communicates with the rodless cavity of the first stage through an internal oil circuit.

[0006] Further, the roof-bolting cylinder includes a cylinder barrel, a first-stage piston rod, a bushing, and a second-stage piston rod nested in sequence from outside to inside;

[0007] The first end of the cylinder barrel is connected to the cylinder base, the second end of the cylinder barrel is connected to the second end cover, the first end of the first-stage piston rod is connected to the first-stage piston, the second end of the first-stage piston rod is connected to the first end cover, the first-stage piston and the second end cover seal the circumferential space between the cylinder barrel and the first-stage piston rod to form a rodless cavity of the first stage, and a third oil port communicating with the rodless cavity of the first stage is provided on the cylinder barrel;

[0008] An isolation block is embedded in the hollow cavity of the first-stage piston. The isolation block can push against the first-stage piston. The first end of the second-stage piston rod is connected to the second-stage piston, and the second end of the second-stage piston rod is a support pressing disc joint. The first end of the bushing is hermetically connected to the isolation block and the first-stage piston, and the second end of the bushing is connected to the first-stage end cover. The circumferential space between the bushing and the second-stage piston rod forms the second-stage rod chamber with rod. The second-stage rod chamber with rod communicates with the first-stage rod chamber with rod through the communication hole on the bushing, the gap between the bushing and the first-stage piston rod, and the communication hole on the first-stage piston rod in sequence;

[0009] An axial blind hole is opened at the first end of the second-stage piston rod. The second-stage rodless chamber oil supply pipe on the cylinder block base passes through the isolation block and extends into the blind hole. A second oil port communicating with the second-stage rodless chamber oil supply pipe is opened on the cylinder block base;

[0010] A first oil port communicating with the first-stage rodless chamber is opened on the cylinder block base.

[0011] Furthermore, a cylindrical socket joint is provided at the bottom of the cylinder block base. A pin hole is opened on the cylindrical socket joint. The cylindrical socket joint is inserted into the circular hole of the support cylinder base. A pin shaft is inserted into the pin hole of the cylindrical socket joint, and both ends of the pin shaft are movably stuck in the long holes of the support cylinder base.

[0012] Furthermore, a ball socket is provided on the support pressing disc. A ball head is provided at the second end of the second-stage piston rod of the support cylinder. The ball head is embedded in the ball socket and limited by a pressing plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the control valve group of the support cylinder includes a first pressure reducing valve, a second pressure reducing valve, a first pilot-operated check valve, a sequence valve, and a second pilot-operated check valve;

[0014] Port A of the control valve group, the first branch of the first pressure reducing valve, the second pressure reducing valve, the first pilot-operated check valve, and the first oil port of the support cylinder are connected in sequence;

[0015] The second branch of the first pressure reducing valve, the second pilot-operated check valve, and the second oil port of the support cylinder are connected in sequence;

[0016] Port B of the control valve group, the sequence valve, and the third oil port of the support cylinder are connected in sequence;

[0017] Port B of the control valve group is connected to the control oil ports of the first pilot-operated check valve and the second pilot-operated check valve; The first pilot-operated check valve is connected to port B of the control valve group after passing through the second check valve and the first check valve, and the second pilot-operated check valve is connected to port B of the control valve group after passing through the first check valve;

[0018] The first pressure reducing valve and the second pressure reducing valve communicate with port T of the control valve group.

[0019] Further, the control valve group of the jacking oil cylinder further includes a first overflow valve and a second overflow valve. The first overflow valve is connected between the first oil port of the jacking oil cylinder and port A of the control valve group, and the second overflow valve is connected between the second oil port of the jacking oil cylinder and port B of the control valve group.

[0020] Further, balls are distributed between the bottom surface of the cylinder barrel base and the top surface of the jacking oil cylinder base.

[0021] A control method for a jacking device of a roadheader-anchoring machine, the jacking oil cylinder includes the following working states:

[0022] Jacking oil cylinder extending state:

[0023] Pressurized oil enters port A of the control valve group and enters the first-stage rodless cavity of the jacking oil cylinder through the first pressure reducing valve, the second pressure reducing valve, and the first hydraulic control check valve. The first-stage piston rod extends, and the second-stage piston rod does not extend; after the first-stage piston rod fully extends; the pressurized oil at port A of the control valve group enters the second-stage rodless cavity through the first pressure reducing valve and the second hydraulic control check valve, and the second-stage piston rod extends;

[0024] Jacking oil cylinder retracting state:

[0025] Oil enters port B of the control valve group. The oil passes through the sequence valve and enters the first-stage rod chamber and the second-stage rod chamber. At the same time, pressurized oil enters the control ports of the first hydraulic control check valve and the second hydraulic control check valve, opening the first hydraulic control check valve and the second hydraulic control check valve. The oil in the first-stage rodless cavity can return oil through the first hydraulic control check valve, the second check valve, and the first check valve. The oil in the second-stage rodless cavity can return oil through the second hydraulic control check valve and the first check valve;

[0026] Jacking oil cylinder overflow state:

[0027] When the jacking oil cylinder is in the jacking state, due to load changes, the pressurized oil in the first-stage rodless cavity and the second-stage rodless cavity will overflow through the first overflow valve and the second overflow valve.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] The jacking device for a roadheader-anchoring machine provided by the present invention has a double-extension oil cylinder for the jacking oil cylinder. The first-stage rodless cavity and the second-stage rodless cavity of the jacking oil cylinder can be independently supplied with oil. The second-stage rod chamber of the jacking oil cylinder communicates with the first-stage rod chamber through the internal oil circuit, avoiding the movement of the hydraulic oil pipe along with the piston rod; the control valve group can make the maximum reaction force borne by the jacking device after the first-stage piston rod extends and the maximum reaction force borne after the second-stage piston rod extends the same; the jacking pressure plate is concentric with the ball head and can rotate around the ball center, so that the jacking pressure plate can better contact the roof. It solves the problems that the conventional two-stage jacking device is difficult to adapt to different mining heights due to different supporting forces after the first stage and the second stage extend, which easily leads to instability of the roadheader-anchoring machine body and easy damage to the jacking device. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the roof support device for the roadheader-anchoring machine;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the base of the roof support cylinder;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the roof support device for the roadheader-anchoring machine;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the oil circuit between the second rodless cavity and the first rodless cavity (the dotted line indicates the oil flow route);

[0034] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the control valve group;

[0035] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the roadheader-anchoring machine.

[0036] In the figure: 1 - base of the roof support cylinder; 2 - pin shaft;

[0037] 3 - roof support cylinder; 3.1 - cylinder barrel; 3.2 - first piston rod; 3.3 - second piston rod; 3.4 - oil supply pipe for the second rodless cavity; 3.5 - first oil port; 3.6 - isolation block; 3.7 - second piston; 3.8 - second end cover; 3.9 - first end cover; 3.10 - bushing; 3.11 - cylinder barrel base; 3.12 - first piston; 3.13 - blind hole; 3.14 - third oil port; 3.15 - second oil port; 3.16 - cylindrical connector;

[0038] 4 - pressing plate; 5 - roof support pressing plate; 6 - control valve group; 6.1 - first pressure reducing valve; 6.2 - first check valve; 6.3 - second check valve; 6.4 - second pressure reducing valve; 6.5 - first hydraulic control check valve; 6.6 - first relief valve; 6.7 - sequence valve; 6.8 - second relief valve; 6.9 - second hydraulic control check valve; 7 - ball; 8 - roadheader-anchoring machine. Detailed Embodiments

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] As Figure 1As shown in the figure: A roof support device for a combined bolter and miner includes a roof support cylinder base 1, a roof support cylinder 3, and a roof support pressure plate 5. The roof support cylinder base 1 is provided with bolt holes, and the roof support cylinder base 1 can be connected to the combined bolter and miner through bolts. The barrel end of the roof support cylinder 3 is connected to the roof support cylinder base 1, and the rod end of the roof support cylinder 3 is connected to the roof support pressure plate 5.

[0042] As Figure 6 shown in the figure: The roof support device for the combined bolter and miner in this embodiment is installed on both sides of the fuselage of the combined bolter and miner 8, and together with the temporary support device of the combined bolter and miner 8, it provides effective support force for the combined bolter and miner to stabilize the fuselage.

[0043] The roof support cylinder 3 is a double telescopic cylinder. The first-stage rodless cavity and the second-stage rodless cavity of the roof support cylinder 3 are isolated, and independent oil circuits are provided for the first-stage rodless cavity and the second-stage rodless cavity. The second-stage rod-end cavity of the roof support cylinder 3 communicates with the first-stage rod-end cavity through the internal oil circuit.

[0044] As Figure 3 、 Figure 4 shown in the figure: The roof support cylinder 3 includes a barrel 3.1, a first-stage piston rod 3.2, a bushing 3.10, and a second-stage piston rod 3.3 that are nested in sequence from the outside to the inside.

[0045] The first end of the barrel 3.1 is connected to the barrel base 3.11, the second end of the barrel 3.1 is connected to the second-stage end cap 3.8. The first end of the barrel 3.1 is blocked by the barrel base 3.11. The first-stage piston rod 3.2 is slidably sealed with the second-stage end cap 3.8. The first end of the first-stage piston rod 3.2 is connected to the first-stage piston 3.12, and the second end of the first-stage piston rod 3.2 is connected to the first-stage end cap 3.9. The first-stage piston 3.12 is slidably sealed with the barrel 3.1. The first-stage piston 3.12 and the second-stage end cap 3.8 seal the circumferential space between the barrel 3.1 and the first-stage piston rod 3.2 to form the first-stage rod-end cavity. The barrel 3.1 is provided with a third oil port 3.14 communicating with the first-stage rod-end cavity.

[0046] An isolation block 3.6 is embedded in the hollow cavity of the first-stage piston 3.12. The end face of the isolation block 3.6 abuts against the shoulder in the hollow cavity of the first-stage piston 3.12, and the isolation block 3.6 can push the first-stage piston 3.12.

[0047] The first end of the second-stage piston rod 3.3 is connected to the second-stage piston 3.7, and the second end of the second-stage piston rod 3.3 is the roof support pressure plate joint. The first end of the bushing 3.10 is hermetically connected to the isolation block 3.6 and the first-stage piston 3.12, and the second end of the bushing 3.10 is connected to the first-stage end cap 3.9. The second-stage piston 3.7 is slidably sealed with the bushing 3.10, and the second-stage piston rod 3.3 is slidably sealed with the first-stage end cap 3.9. The sealing structure between the isolation block 3.6, the bushing 3.10, the second-stage piston 3.7, and the first-stage piston 3.12 isolates the first-stage rodless cavity and the second-stage rodless cavity.

[0048] The circumferential space between the bushing 3.10 and the secondary piston rod 3.3 forms a secondary rod chamber. The secondary rod chamber communicates with the primary rod chamber through the communication hole on the bushing 3.10, the gap between the bushing 3.10 and the primary piston rod 3.2, and the communication hole on the primary piston rod 3.2 in sequence. The communication hole on the bushing 3.10 is located at the second end of the bushing 3.10, and the communication hole on the primary piston rod 3.2 is located at the first end of the primary piston rod 3.2. During the extension of the primary piston rod 3.2, the secondary rod chamber and the primary rod chamber remain connected. During the extension of the secondary piston rod 3.3, the secondary rod chamber and the primary rod chamber can also remain connected.

[0049] An axial blind hole 3.13 is opened at the first end of the secondary piston rod 3.3. The secondary rodless chamber oil supply pipe 3.4 on the cylinder base 3.11 passes through the isolation block 3.6 and extends into the blind hole 3.13. A sliding seal is provided between the secondary rodless chamber oil supply pipe 3.4 and the isolation block 3.6. A second oil port 3.15 communicating with the secondary rodless chamber oil supply pipe 3.4 is opened on the cylinder base 3.11.

[0050] A first oil port 3.5 communicating with the primary rodless chamber is opened on the cylinder base 3.11. After the oil enters from the second oil port 3.15, the oil enters the secondary rodless chamber oil supply pipe 3.4 and then pushes out the secondary piston rod 3.3. After the oil enters from the first oil port 3.5, the oil pushes the primary piston rod 3.2, and the isolation block 3.6 slides on the secondary rodless chamber oil supply pipe 3.4.

[0051] A cylindrical socket 3.16 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder base 3.11. A pin hole is opened on the cylindrical socket 3.16. The cylindrical socket 3.16 is inserted into the round hole of the supporting cylinder base 1. A pin 2 passes through the pin hole of the cylindrical socket 3.16. The two ends of the pin 2 are movably stuck in the long holes of the supporting cylinder base 1. The supporting cylinder 3 is ensured not to come off by the pin 2, and at the same time, the supporting cylinder 3 is given the freedom to rotate in the direction parallel to the top plate, avoiding damage to the supporting cylinder 3 caused by lateral force. A plurality of balls 7 are distributed between the bottom surface of the cylinder base 3.11 and the top surface of the supporting cylinder base 1 to reduce the resistance during the movement of the supporting cylinder 3.

[0052] A ball socket is provided on the supporting pressure plate 5. A ball head is provided at the second end of the secondary piston rod 3.3 of the supporting cylinder 3. The ball head is embedded in the ball socket and limited by a pressing plate 4. The supporting pressure plate 5 is concentric with the ball head and can rotate around the ball center, so that the supporting pressure plate 5 can better contact the top plate.

[0053] As Figure 5 shown: The control valve group 6 of the supporting cylinder 3 includes a first pressure reducing valve 6.1, a second pressure reducing valve 6.4, a first hydraulic control one-way valve 6.5, a sequence valve 6.7, and a second hydraulic control one-way valve 6.9.

[0054] The A port of the control valve group 6, the first branch of the first pressure reducing valve 6.1, the second pressure reducing valve 6.4, the first hydraulic check valve 6.5 and the first oil port 3.5 of the jacking cylinder 3 are connected in sequence;

[0055] The second branch of the first pressure reducing valve 6.1, the second hydraulic check valve 6.9 and the second oil port 3.15 of the jacking cylinder 3 are connected in sequence;

[0056] The B port of the control valve group 6, the sequence valve 6.7, and the third oil port 3.14 of the jacking cylinder 3 are connected in sequence, and the sequence valve 6.7 is used as a back pressure valve;

[0057] The B port of the control valve group 6 is connected to the control oil ports of the first hydraulic check valve 6.5 and the second hydraulic check valve 6.9; The first hydraulic check valve 6.5 is connected to the B port of the control valve group 6 after passing through the second check valve 6.3 and the first check valve 6.2, and the second hydraulic check valve 6.9 is connected to the B port of the control valve group 6 after passing through the first check valve 6.2;

[0058] The first pressure reducing valve 6.1 and the second pressure reducing valve 6.4 communicate with the T port of the control valve group 6.

[0059] The control valve group 6 of the jacking cylinder 3 further includes a first overflow valve 6.6 and a second overflow valve 6.8. The first overflow valve 6.6 is connected between the first oil port 3.5 of the jacking cylinder 3 and the A port of the control valve group 6, and the second overflow valve 6.8 is connected between the second oil port 3.15 of the jacking cylinder 3 and the B port of the control valve group 6.

[0060] Embodiment 2

[0061] A control method for a jacking device of a roadheader-anchoring machine, and the jacking cylinder 3 includes the following working states:

[0062] The extended state of the jacking cylinder 3:

[0063] The A port of the control valve group 6 admits pressure oil, which enters the first rodless cavity of the jacking cylinder 3 through the first pressure reducing valve 6.1, the second pressure reducing valve 6.4 and the first hydraulic check valve 6.5, and the first piston rod 3.2 extends. In this state, since the sequence valve 6.7 is installed in the second rod chamber, the second piston rod 3.3 does not extend. When the first piston rod 3.2 is fully extended. The pressure oil at the A port enters the second rodless cavity through the first pressure reducing valve 6.1 and the second hydraulic check valve 6.9, and the second piston rod 3.3 extends.

[0064] The retracted state of the jacking cylinder 3:

[0065] The B port of the control valve group 6 admits oil, and the oil passes through the sequence valve 6.7 into the first and second rod chambers, and at the same time, the pressure oil enters the control port of the hydraulic check valve, opening the first hydraulic check valve 6.5 and the second hydraulic check valve 6.9. The oil in the first rodless chamber can return oil through the first hydraulic check valve 6.5, the second check valve 6.3, and the first check valve 6.2, and the oil in the second rodless chamber can return oil through the second hydraulic check valve 6.9 and the first check valve 6.2.

[0066] The overflow state of the support cylinder 3:

[0067] When the support cylinder 3 is in the support state, when the roadway roof sinks or the fuselage vibrates greatly, the pressure oil in the first and second rodless chambers will overflow through the first overflow valve 6.6 and the second overflow valve 6.8. Assume that the area of the rodless chamber of the first piston 3.12 is S1, the area of the rodless chamber of the second piston 3.7 is S2, the design set pressure of the second pressure reducing valve 6.4 and the first overflow valve 6.6 is P1, and the design set pressure of the first pressure reducing valve 6.1 and the second overflow valve 6.8 is P2. The force on the rodless chamber of the first piston 3.12 is F1 = S1 * P1, and the force on the rodless chamber of the second piston 3.7 is F2 = S2 * P2. That is, when S1 / S2 = P2 / P1 for this cylinder, the reaction forces borne by the two-stage pistons are the same, that is, the support forces provided by the two-stage telescopic mechanisms are always equal, and it can adapt to different mining height ranges.

[0068] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A top support device for a drilling and anchoring machine, characterized in that: It comprises a top support cylinder base (1), a top support cylinder (3) and a top support pressure plate (5); the top support cylinder base (1) is provided with bolt holes, and the top support cylinder base (1) can be connected to the anchor-digger machine through bolts; the cylinder barrel end of the top support cylinder (3) is connected to the top support cylinder base (1), and the cylinder rod end of the top support cylinder (3) is connected to the top support pressure plate (5); The top supporting cylinder (3) is a double telescopic cylinder, the first rodless chamber and the second rodless chamber of the top supporting cylinder (3) are isolated, the first rodless chamber and the second rodless chamber are provided with independent oil circuits, and the second rod chamber of the top supporting cylinder (3) is communicated with the first rod chamber through the internal oil circuit.

2. A top supporting device for an integrated digging and anchoring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting oil cylinder (3) comprises a cylinder barrel (3.1), a primary piston rod (3.2), a bushing (3.10) and a secondary piston rod (3.3) which are nested in sequence from the outside to the inside; The first end of the cylinder barrel (3.1) is connected to the cylinder barrel base (3.11), the second end of the cylinder barrel (3.1) is connected to the secondary end cover (3.8), the first end of the primary piston rod (3.2) is connected to the primary piston (3.12), the second end of the primary piston rod (3.2) is connected to the primary end cover (3.9), the primary piston (3.12) and the secondary end cover (3.8) seal the annular space between the cylinder barrel (3.1) and the primary piston rod (3.2) to form a primary rod chamber, and the cylinder barrel (3.1) is provided with a third oil port (3.14) connected to the primary rod chamber; An isolation block (3.6) is embedded in the hollow cavity of the primary piston (3.12), and the isolation block (3.6) can push the primary piston (3.12). The first end of the secondary piston rod (3.3) is connected to the secondary piston (3.7), and the second end of the secondary piston rod (3.3) is a support plate joint. The first end of the bushing (3.10) is sealed with the isolation block (3.6) and the primary piston (3.12), and the second end of the bushing (3.10) is connected with the primary end cover (3.9). The annular space between the bushing (3.10) and the secondary piston rod (3.3) constitutes a secondary rod cavity, and the secondary rod cavity is interconnected with the primary rod cavity through the connecting hole on the bushing (3.10), the gap between the bushing (3.10) and the primary piston rod (3.2), and the connecting hole on the primary piston rod (3.2). An axial blind hole (3.13) is formed at the first end of the secondary piston rod (3.3); a secondary rodless chamber oil supply pipe (3.4) on the cylinder base (3.11) passes through the isolation block (3.6) and extends into the blind hole (3.13); and a second oil port (3.15) connected to the secondary rodless chamber oil supply pipe (3.4) is formed on the cylinder base (3.11); A first oil port (3.5) connected to the first-stage rodless chamber is formed on the cylinder base (3.11).

3. A top supporting device for an integrated digging and anchoring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cylindrical plug joint (3.16) is provided at the bottom of the cylinder base (3.11), and a pin hole is opened on the cylindrical plug joint (3.16). The cylindrical plug joint (3.16) is plugged into the round hole of the top support cylinder base (1), and a pin shaft (2) is inserted into the pin hole of the cylindrical plug joint (3.16). Both ends of the pin shaft (2) are movably clamped in the long holes of the top support cylinder base (1).

4. A top supporting device for an integrated digging and anchoring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting pressure plate (5) is provided with a ball socket, and the second end of the secondary piston rod (3.3) of the supporting oil cylinder (3) is provided with a ball head, which is embedded in the ball socket and limited by the pressure plate (4).

5. The top supporting device for the anchoring and digging machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control valve group (6) of the supporting oil cylinder (3) comprises a first pressure reducing valve (6.1), a second pressure reducing valve (6.4), a first hydraulically controlled non-return valve (6.5), a sequence valve (6.7) and a second hydraulically controlled non-return valve (6.9); The port A of the control valve group (6), the first branch of the first pressure reducing valve (6.1), the second pressure reducing valve (6.4), the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve (6.5) and the first oil port (3.5) of the supporting oil cylinder (3) are connected in sequence; The second branch of the first pressure reducing valve (6.1), the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve (6.9) and the second oil port (3.15) of the top support oil cylinder (3) are connected in sequence; The B port of the control valve group (6), the sequence valve (6.7), and the third oil port (3.14) of the top support cylinder (3) are connected in sequence; The B port of the control valve group (6) is connected to the control oil ports of the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve (6.5) and the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve (6.9); the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve (6.5) is connected to the B port of the control valve group (6) via the second one-way valve (6.3) and the first one-way valve (6.2); the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve (6.9) is connected to the B port of the control valve group (6) via the first one-way valve (6.2); The first pressure reducing valve (6.1) and the second pressure reducing valve (6.4) are connected to the T port of the control valve group (6).

6. A top supporting device for a drilling and anchoring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control valve group (6) of the supporting oil cylinder (3) further comprises a first overflow valve (6.6) and a second overflow valve (6.8), wherein the first overflow valve (6.6) is connected between the first oil port (3.5) of the supporting oil cylinder (3) and the A port of the control valve group (6), and the second overflow valve (6.8) is connected between the second oil port (3.15) of the supporting oil cylinder (3) and the B port of the control valve group (6).

7. The top supporting device for the anchoring and digging machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: Balls (7) are distributed between the bottom surface of the cylinder base (3.11) and the top surface of the top support cylinder base (1).

8. The control method of the top supporting device for the anchoring and digging machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The supporting oil cylinder (3) includes the following working states: The top support cylinder (3) is in the extended state: The pressure oil enters the port A of the control valve group (6) and enters the primary rodless chamber of the support oil cylinder (3) through the first pressure reducing valve (6.1), the second pressure reducing valve (6.4) and the first hydraulically controlled non-return valve (6.5), and the primary piston rod (3.2) extends, while the secondary piston rod (3.3) does not extend; after the primary piston rod (3.2) is fully extended, the pressure oil of the port A of the control valve group (6) enters the secondary rodless chamber through the first pressure reducing valve (6.1) and the second hydraulically controlled non-return valve (6.9), and the secondary piston rod (3.3) extends; The top support cylinder (3) is in the retracted state: The oil enters the port B of the control valve group (6), and the oil enters the first-stage rod chamber and the second-stage rod chamber through the sequence valve (6.7). At the same time, the pressure oil enters the control ports of the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve (6.5) and the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve (6.9), opening the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve (6.5) and the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve (6.9). The oil in the first-stage rodless chamber can return through the first hydraulically controlled one-way valve (6.5), the second one-way valve (6.3) and the first one-way valve (6.2), and the oil in the second-stage rodless chamber can return through the second hydraulically controlled one-way valve (6.9) and the first one-way valve (6.2); Overflow state of the top support cylinder (3): When the top supporting oil cylinder (3) is in the top supporting state, due to load changes, the pressure oil in the first rodless chamber and the second rodless chamber will overflow through the first overflow valve (6.6) and the second overflow valve (6.8).

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