Cyclic power generation system based on supercritical carbon dioxide and operation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a circulating power generation system based on supercritical carbon dioxide and an operation method thereof. The circulating power generation system comprises a compressor, a heat regenerator, an external heat source, a carbon dioxide unit, a cooler, a gas storage tank and a cooling unit. An outlet of the compressor is connected with a cold side inlet of the heat regenerator, a cold side outlet of the heat regenerator is connected with an inlet of the external heat source, an outlet of the external heat source is connected with an air inlet side of the carbon dioxide unit, an exhaust side of the carbon dioxide unit is connected with a hot side inlet of the heat regenerator, and a hot side outlet of the heat regenerator is connected with an inlet of the cooler. An outlet of the cooler is connected with an inlet of the gas storage tank, an outlet of the gas storage tank is connected with an inlet of the compressor, the cold side of the cooler is connected with the cooling unit, and it can be guaranteed that the system safely and stably operates under the extremely hot state working condition through the system and the operation method thereof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation, and relates to a cycle power generation system based on supercritical carbon dioxide and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the increasingly severe environmental problems, traditional fossil fuel-based power generation methods are facing increasing pressure. The supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation technology has become a research hotspot due to its high efficiency and good environmental compatibility.

[0003] However, despite the many advantages of the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation technology, there are still many technical challenges in practical applications. For example, compared with traditional steam turbines with a large accident redundancy, the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle system has a greater safety risk under extremely hot conditions (i.e., the conditions after an accident trip such as load shedding occurs when the system is operating at full load or rated load). Under accident conditions, how to ensure the normal operation of each auxiliary system, how to safely shut down and quickly start up are all technical problems in commissioning and daily operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, and provide a cycle power generation system based on supercritical carbon dioxide and an operation method thereof, which can ensure the safe and stable operation of the system under extremely hot conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention discloses a cycle power generation system based on supercritical carbon dioxide, including a compressor, a recuperator, an external heat source, a carbon dioxide unit, a cooler, a gas storage tank and a cooling unit;

[0006] The outlet of the compressor is connected to the cold-side inlet of the recuperator, the cold-side outlet of the recuperator is connected to the inlet of the external heat source, the outlet of the external heat source is connected to the intake side of the carbon dioxide unit, the exhaust side of the carbon dioxide unit is connected to the hot-side inlet of the recuperator, the hot-side outlet of the recuperator is connected to the inlet of the cooler, the outlet of the cooler is connected to the inlet of the gas storage tank, the outlet of the gas storage tank is connected to the inlet of the compressor, and the cold side of the cooler is connected to the cooling unit.

[0007] The further improvement of the cycle power generation system based on supercritical carbon dioxide of the present invention lies in:

[0008] Furthermore, it further includes a first vent valve group, and the pipeline between the exhaust side of the carbon dioxide unit and the hot-side inlet of the recuperator is connected to the first vent valve group.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a second exhaust valve group, and the pipeline between the outlet of the external heat source and the air inlet side of the carbon dioxide unit is connected to the second exhaust valve group.

[0010] Furthermore, the turbine inlet of the carbon dioxide unit is connected to the turbine outlet of the carbon dioxide unit via a turbine bypass.

[0011] Furthermore, the outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the gas storage tank through a compressor bypass.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a controller, which is connected to the cooler, the first drain valve group, the second drain valve group and the turbine bypass.

[0013] Further, the controller includes a tripping total fault signal module, an extremely hot state judgment module, an extremely hot state temperature judgment submodule, an extremely hot state pressure judgment submodule, a cooling unit control module, an exhaust valve group control module, an extremely hot state release module and a manual confirmation module;

[0014] The output end of the total trip fault signal module is connected to the input end of the extremely hot state judgment module, the output end of the extremely hot state judgment module is connected to the input end of the extremely hot state release module, the input end of the extremely hot state temperature judgment submodule and the input end of the extremely hot state pressure judgment submodule, the extremely hot state temperature judgment submodule is connected to the control end of the cooler via the cooling unit control module, the extremely hot state pressure judgment submodule is connected to the control ends of the first exhaust valve group and the second exhaust valve group via the exhaust valve group control module, the manual confirmation module is connected to the extremely hot state release module, the output end of the extremely hot state release module is connected to the turbine bypass, and the cooling unit control module and the exhaust valve group control module are connected to the extremely hot state judgment module.

[0015] The present invention discloses a working method of a circulating power generation system based on supercritical carbon dioxide, wherein the circulating power generation system based on supercritical carbon dioxide comprises a compressor, a regenerator, an external heat source, a carbon dioxide unit, a cooler, a gas storage tank and a cooling unit; the outlet of the compressor is connected to the cold side inlet of the regenerator, the cold side outlet of the regenerator is connected to the inlet of the external heat source, the outlet of the external heat source is connected to the air intake side of the carbon dioxide unit, the exhaust side of the carbon dioxide unit is connected to the hot side inlet of the regenerator, the hot side outlet of the regenerator is connected to the inlet of the cooler, the outlet of the cooler is connected to the inlet of the gas storage tank, the outlet of the gas storage tank is connected to the inlet of the compressor, and the cold side of the cooler is connected to the cooling unit;

[0016] The following steps are involved:

[0017] When the system operates normally under the rated conditions, the cold working medium is compressed and pressurized by the compressor, then enters the cold side of the recuperator, and exchanges heat with the turbine exhaust gas output by the carbon dioxide unit in the cold side of the recuperator, and then enters the external heat source to be heated and then enters the carbon dioxide unit to do work; the exhausted gas after heat exchange output from the hot side of the recuperator enters the cooler to be cooled, and then enters the compressor through the gas storage tank;

[0018] When a fault occurs in the carbon dioxide unit, the valve group corresponding to the turbine inlet is interlocked and fully closed. At the same time, since the system operates under the rated conditions and belongs to the extremely hot state trip, the turbine bypass is locked at this time. The evacuation valve group control module outputs an evacuation valve group control signal, interlocks and fully opens the first evacuation valve group and the second evacuation valve group to reduce the system pressure; the compressor trips, and the compressor bypass is fully opened by 100%; the cooler operates at the maximum load to reduce the temperature of the working medium in the circulation system.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0020] After the extremely hot state pressure determination sub-module determines that the "extremely hot state (pressure)" is lifted, the evacuation valve group control module triggers a signal to interlock and close the first evacuation valve group and the second evacuation valve group; after the "extremely hot state (temperature)" of the extremely hot state temperature determination sub-module is lifted, the forced working mode of the cooler is lifted, and the output of the cooling unit returns to the opening before the fault. When both are lifted, after the extremely hot state judgment module determines that the extremely hot state is lifted, the manual confirmation module manually determines to reset the extremely hot state fault logic, the turbine bypass lock is lifted, and the start permission is restored, and the opening is adjusted to 50%.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes: checking the alarm system of the compressor. After confirming that the compressor bypass is at the 100% opening position and the system has no alarm, the compressor is started to establish the system circulation; similarly, checking the alarm system of the carbon dioxide unit, and after confirming that there is no alarm or the fault has been eliminated, the turbine bypass is adjusted to assist in merging gas and the turbine is rotated to complete the extremely hot state rapid start.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] When the supercritical carbon dioxide-based circulating power generation system and its operation method according to the present invention are specifically operated, when in the extremely hot state trip, the first evacuation valve group and the second evacuation valve group are interlocked and fully opened to reduce the system pressure; the compressor trips, and the compressor bypass is fully opened by 100%; the cooler operates at the maximum load to reduce the temperature of the working medium in the circulation system, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system under the extremely hot state conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The specification drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a logic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Among them, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a regenerator, 3 is an external heat source, 4 is a carbon dioxide unit, 5 is a cooler, 6 is a gas storage tank, 7 is a cooling unit, 1by is a compressor bypass, 4by is a turbine bypass, 8a is a first drain valve group, 8b is a second drain valve group, A1 is a tripping total fault signal module, A2 is an extreme hot state judgment module, A3 is an extreme hot state temperature judgment submodule, A4 is an extreme hot state pressure judgment submodule, A5 is a cooling unit control module, A6 is a drain valve group control module, A7 is an extreme hot state release module, and A8 is a manual confirmation module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms “include” and “comprises” indicate the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0030] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms.

[0031] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes these combinations. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present invention generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] It should be understood that although terms such as first, second, and third may be used in the embodiments of the present invention to describe preset ranges and the like, these preset ranges should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the preset ranges from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, the first preset range may also be referred to as the second preset range, and similarly, the second preset range may also be referred to as the first preset range.

[0033] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "when" or "while" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting". Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determined" or "if detected (stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determined" or "in response to determining" or "when detecting (stated condition or event)" or "in response to detecting (stated condition or event)".

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Usually, the components of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Schematic diagrams of various structures according to the disclosed embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. These figures are not drawn to scale, where some details are enlarged for the purpose of clear expression, and some details may be omitted. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary, and may actually deviate due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art can additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] Reference Figure 1 , the supercritical carbon dioxide-based power generation system according to the present invention includes a controller, a compressor 1, a recuperator 2, an external heat source 3, a carbon dioxide unit 4, a cooler 5, a gas storage tank 6, a cooling unit 7, a compressor bypass 1by, a turbine bypass 4by, a first vent valve group 8a, and a second vent valve group 8b;

[0038] The outlet of the compressor 1 is connected to the cold-side inlet of the recuperator 2. The cold-side outlet of the recuperator 2 is connected to the inlet of the external heat source 3. The outlet of the external heat source 3 is connected to the intake side of the carbon dioxide unit 4. The exhaust side of the carbon dioxide unit 4 is connected to the hot-side inlet of the recuperator 2. The hot-side outlet of the recuperator 2 is connected to the inlet of the cooler 5. The outlet of the cooler 5 is connected to the inlet of the gas storage tank 6. The outlet of the gas storage tank 6 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 1. The outlet of the compressor 1 is connected to the inlet of the gas storage tank 6 through the compressor bypass 1by; the turbine inlet and the turbine outlet of the carbon dioxide unit 4 are connected through the turbine bypass 4by. The cold side of the cooler 5 is connected to the cooling unit 7.

[0039] The pipeline between the exhaust side of the carbon dioxide unit 4 and the hot-side inlet of the recuperator 2 is connected to the first evacuation valve group 8a. The pipeline between the outlet of the external heat source 3 and the intake side of the carbon dioxide unit 4 is connected to the second evacuation valve group 8b.

[0040] In this embodiment, the compressor 1 and the carbon dioxide unit 4 are integrated and operated as one unit.

[0041] In this embodiment, the recuperator 2 can be split into 2 to 3 units according to parameters such as the total power of the cycle power generation and the cycle flow rate, or shunt re-pressurization can be introduced. Regarding the model and material, a PCHE heat exchanger should be selected as the heat exchange component of the recuperator 2. Regarding the parameters: it is recommended that the MW-level unit should at least meet the highest design parameters of 170% of the rated working pressure and temperature; it is recommended that the kW-level unit should at least meet the highest design parameters of 150% of the rated working pressure and temperature.

[0042] In this embodiment, the parameter requirements for the carbon dioxide side of the cooler 5 are the same as those of the recuperator 2, that is, the MW-level unit should at least meet the highest design parameters of 170% of the rated working pressure and temperature; it is recommended that the kW-level unit should at least meet the highest design parameters of 150% of the rated working pressure and temperature. The cold source should use demineralized water, and it is recommended that the maximum heat transfer capacity have appropriate redundancy.

[0043] In this embodiment, the turbine bypass 4by is selected as a pneumatic control valve with a fast action response function. In the supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation system, the bypass also undertakes gas merging during the startup process and pressure stabilization during the shutdown process. Similarly, the compressor bypass 1by should be selected as a pneumatic control valve with a fast action response function to protect the compressor 1 from safe shutdown and prevent surging.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first emptying valve group 8a and the second emptying valve group 8b are used as emergency pressure relief means. For different circulation systems, emptying valves and matching safety valves must be installed at the pressure changes of the heat exchanger, turbine inlet, compressor 1 outlet, etc. The turbine outlet pipeline of the carbon dioxide unit 4 and the outlet pipeline of the external heat source 3 are only to meet the minimum requirements for the safe operation of the system. As the complexity of the system increases, the number of emptying valve groups should also be increased synchronously to ensure that the system has a large safety redundancy.

[0045] In this embodiment, the cooling unit 7 should meet the requirements of dynamically adjustable cooling power, and the maximum cooling power should not be less than 150% of the rated heat exchange power.

[0046] refer to Figure 2 , the controller includes a tripping total fault signal module A1, an extremely hot state judgment module A2, an extremely hot state temperature judgment submodule A3, an extremely hot state pressure judgment submodule A4, a cooling unit control module A5, an exhaust valve group control module A6, an extremely hot state release module A7 and a manual confirmation module A8;

[0047] The output end of the tripping total fault signal module A1 is connected to the input end of the extremely hot state judgment module A2, the output end of the extremely hot state judgment module A2 is connected to the input end of the extremely hot state release module A7, the input end of the extremely hot state temperature judgment submodule A3 and the input end of the extremely hot state pressure judgment submodule A4, the extremely hot state temperature judgment submodule A3 is connected to the control end of the cooler 5 via the cooling unit control module A5, the extremely hot state pressure judgment submodule A4 is connected to the control ends of the first emptying valve group 8a and the second emptying valve group 8b via the emptying valve group control module A6, the manual confirmation module A8 is connected to the extremely hot state release module A7, the output end of the extremely hot state release module A7 is connected to the turbine bypass 4by, the cooling unit control module A5 and the emptying valve group control module A6 are connected to the extremely hot state judgment module A2.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] The present invention discloses a working method of a supercritical carbon dioxide-based circulating power generation system, wherein the supercritical carbon dioxide-based circulating power generation system comprises a controller, a compressor 1, a regenerator 2, an external heat source 3, a carbon dioxide unit 4, a cooler 5, a gas storage tank 6, a cooling unit 7, a compressor bypass 1by, a turbine bypass 4by, a first exhaust valve group 8a and a second exhaust valve group 8b, wherein the controller comprises a tripping total fault signal module A1, an extremely hot state judgment module A2, an extremely hot state temperature judgment submodule A3, an extremely hot state pressure judgment submodule A4, a cooling unit control module A5, an exhaust valve group control module A6, an extremely hot state release module A7 and a manual confirmation module A8;

[0050] Specifically, the working method of the supercritical carbon dioxide-based cycle power generation system includes the following steps:

[0051] When the system operates normally under rated conditions, the cold working medium is compressed and pressurized by the compressor 1, then enters the cold side of the recuperator 2, and exchanges heat with the turbine exhaust gas output by the carbon dioxide unit 4 on the cold side of the recuperator 2, and then enters the external heat source 3 for heating and then enters the carbon dioxide unit 4 to do work; the exhausted gas after heat exchange output from the hot side of the recuperator 2 enters the cooler 5 for cooling, and then enters the compressor 1 through the gas storage tank 6.

[0052] When a fault occurs in the carbon dioxide unit 4, the valve group corresponding to the turbine inlet is interlocked and fully closed. At the same time, since the system operates under rated conditions, it belongs to a very hot state trip. At this time, the turbine bypass 4by is blocked, that is, the forced quick closing signal state is maintained. The evacuation valve group control module A6 outputs an evacuation valve group control signal, interlocks and fully opens the first evacuation valve group 8a and the second evacuation valve group 8b to reduce the system pressure; the compressor 1 trips, and its anti-surge valve, that is, the compressor bypass 1by is opened 100%; the cooler 5 operates at maximum load to reduce the temperature of the working medium in the circulation system.

[0053] After the very hot state pressure determination sub-module A4 determines that the "very hot state (pressure)" is released, the evacuation valve group control module A6 triggers a signal to interlock and close the first evacuation valve group 8a and the second evacuation valve group 8b; after the "very hot state (temperature)" of the very hot state temperature determination sub-module A3 is released, the forced working mode of the cooler 5 is released, and the output of the cooling unit 7 returns to the opening before the fault. After both are released, after the very hot state judgment module A2 determines that the very hot state is released, the manual confirmation module A8 manually determines to reset the very hot state fault logic, the turbine bypass 4by block is released, and the start permission is restored, and the opening is adjusted to 50%.

[0054] Check the alarm system of the compressor 1. After confirming that the compressor bypass 1by is at the 100% opening position and the system has no alarm, start the compressor 1 to establish the system circulation; similarly, check the alarm system of the carbon dioxide unit 4, and after confirming that there is no alarm or the fault has been eliminated, assist in parallel gas and turbine rotation by adjusting the turbine bypass 4by to complete the very hot state quick start.

[0055] Those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present invention in view of the specification and the disclosure of the invention. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include known common knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed by the present invention. The specification and the embodiments are only regarded as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention are pointed out by the following claims.

[0056] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is only limited by the appended claims.

[0057] As described above, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not impose any limitation on the present invention. Any simple modifications, changes, and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A supercritical carbon dioxide-based circulating power generation system, characterized in that: It comprises a compressor (1), a heat regenerator (2), an external heat source (3), a carbon dioxide unit (4), a cooler (5), a gas storage tank (6) and a cooling unit (7); The outlet of the compressor (1) is connected to the cold side inlet of the regenerator (2), the cold side outlet of the regenerator (2) is connected to the inlet of an external heat source (3), the outlet of the external heat source (3) is connected to the air intake side of the carbon dioxide unit (4), the exhaust side of the carbon dioxide unit (4) is connected to the hot side inlet of the regenerator (2), the hot side outlet of the regenerator (2) is connected to the inlet of a cooler (5), the outlet of the cooler (5) is connected to the inlet of a gas storage tank (6), the outlet of the gas storage tank (6) is connected to the inlet of the compressor (1), and the cold side of the cooler (5) is connected to a cooling unit (7).

2. The supercritical carbon dioxide based cycle power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first exhaust valve group (8a), and the pipeline between the exhaust side of the carbon dioxide unit (4) and the hot side inlet of the regenerator (2) is connected to the first exhaust valve group (8a).

3. The supercritical carbon dioxide based circulating power generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a second exhaust valve group (8b), and the pipeline between the outlet of the external heat source (3) and the air inlet side of the carbon dioxide unit (4) is connected to the second exhaust valve group (8b).

4. The supercritical carbon dioxide based cycle power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The turbine inlet of the carbon dioxide unit (4) and the turbine outlet of the carbon dioxide unit (4) are connected via a turbine bypass (4by).

5. The supercritical carbon dioxide based cycle power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outlet of the compressor (1) is connected to the inlet of the gas storage tank (6) through a compressor bypass (1by).

6. The supercritical carbon dioxide based cycle power generation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, which is connected to the cooler (5), the first drain valve group (8a), the second drain valve group (8b) and the turbine bypass (4by).

7. The supercritical carbon dioxide based cycle power generation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The controller comprises a tripping total fault signal module (A1), an extremely hot state judgment module (A2), an extremely hot state temperature judgment submodule (A3), an extremely hot state pressure judgment submodule (A4), a cooling unit control module (A5), an exhaust valve group control module (A6), an extremely hot state release module (A7) and a manual confirmation module (A8); The output end of the tripping total fault signal module (A1) is connected to the input end of the extremely hot state judgment module (A2), the output end of the extremely hot state judgment module (A2) is connected to the input end of the extremely hot state release module (A7), the input end of the extremely hot state temperature judgment submodule (A3) and the input end of the extremely hot state pressure judgment submodule (A4), the extremely hot state temperature judgment submodule (A3) is connected to the control end of the cooler (5) via the cooling unit control module (A5), the extremely hot state pressure judgment submodule (A4) is connected to the control ends of the first exhaust valve group (8a) and the second exhaust valve group (8b) via the exhaust valve group control module (A6), the manual confirmation module (A8) is connected to the extremely hot state release module (A7), the output end of the extremely hot state release module (A7) is connected to the turbine bypass (4by), and the cooling unit control module (A5) and the exhaust valve group control module (A6) are connected to the extremely hot state judgment module (A2).

8. A working method of the supercritical carbon dioxide based cycle power generation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When the system operates normally under rated conditions, the compressor (1) compresses and increases the pressure of the cold working medium, and then enters the cold side of the regenerator (2), exchanges heat with the turbine exhaust gas output by the carbon dioxide unit (4) on the cold side of the regenerator (2), and then enters the external heat source (3) for heating and then enters the carbon dioxide unit (4) to perform work; the exhaust gas output from the hot side of the regenerator (2) after heat exchange enters the cooler (5) for cooling, and then enters the compressor (1) through the gas storage tank (6); When the carbon dioxide unit (4) fails, the valve group interlock corresponding to the turbine intake is fully closed. At the same time, because the system is operating at rated conditions, it is an extremely hot trip. At this time, the turbine bypass (4by) is locked, and the exhaust valve group control module (A6) outputs the exhaust valve group control signal, interlocking and fully opening the first exhaust valve group (8a) and the second exhaust valve group (8b) to reduce the system pressure; the compressor (1) trips, and the compressor bypass (1by) is 100% opened; the cooler (5) is forced to work at maximum load to reduce the working medium temperature in the circulation system.

9. The working method of the supercritical carbon dioxide-based cycle power generation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: After the extremely hot state pressure determination submodule (A4) determines that the "extreme hot state (pressure)" is released, the exhaust valve group control module (A6) triggers a signal to interlock and close the first exhaust valve group (8a) and the second exhaust valve group (8b); after the "extreme hot state (temperature)" of the extremely hot state temperature determination submodule (A3) is released, the forced working mode of the cooler (5) is released, and the output of the cooling unit (7) is restored to the opening before the fault. When both are released, the extremely hot state determination module (A2) determines that the extremely hot state is released, and the manual confirmation module (A8) manually determines to reset the extremely hot state fault logic, the turbine bypass (4by) is locked and released, and the start is allowed to be restored, and the opening is adjusted to 50%.

10. The working method of the supercritical carbon dioxide based cycle power generation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: Check the alarm system of the compressor (1), and after confirming that the compressor bypass (1by) is at 100% opening position and there is no system alarm, start the compressor (1) and establish system circulation; similarly, check the alarm system of the carbon dioxide unit (4), and after confirming that there is no alarm or the fault has been eliminated, adjust the turbine bypass (4by) to assist in gas and turbine run-up, and complete a rapid start-up in an extremely hot state.

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