Detection system for preventing private opening of high-voltage box of electric automobile

Abstract

An electric automobile high-voltage box private opening prevention detection system comprises a high-voltage box which is provided with a box cover and a box body, and is characterized in that at least two installation cavities are formed in the side wall of the box body, threaded columns in one-to-one correspondence with the installation cavities are arranged on the box cover corresponding to the installation cavities, and the threaded columns are connected with the installation cavities in a threaded mode. The threaded column extends into the mounting cavity, a pressurizing bolt penetrates through the threaded column, the head of the pressurizing bolt is located above the box cover, and the bottom of the pressurizing bolt is connected with a piston; a clamping groove is formed in the outer side wall of the threaded column, a pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the clamping groove, a locking mechanism corresponding to the clamping groove is arranged in the outer side wall of the box body, and the box cover is fixed to the box body through the locking mechanism. The device has the advantages that the locking condition of the high-voltage box, whether the high-voltage box cover is opened or not, the light condition for opening the high-voltage box and the condition that opening of the high-voltage box is authorized by a maintenance station authorized by an automobile manufacturer or is privately opened without permission can be judged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-voltage power utilization for automobiles, and particularly to a detection system for preventing unauthorized opening of a high-voltage box of an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The high-voltage distribution box is an important high-voltage electrical centralized high-voltage power transmission control and management device for electric vehicles, responsible for the upper and lower power-on logic control and management of high-voltage electrical devices such as motor controllers, electric air conditioners, and DC-DC, and at the same time, providing overloading, short-circuiting, and leakage safety protection for the high-voltage system. Since the inside of the high-voltage box involves various safety protection and detection electrical components such as main contactors, relays, fuses, insulation detectors, and current sensors, and at the same time, involves reliable mechanical connections and no looseness of high-voltage electrical appliances. Therefore, issues such as how to clarify the connection state between the high-voltage box cover and the high-voltage box body, whether the high-voltage box is opened, the lighting conditions when the high-voltage box cover is opened, and whether the opening of the high-voltage box cover is an authorized act all require automobile manufacturers to seriously consider and provide better solutions.

[0003] Disadvantages of the prior art: First, in the patent document with publication number CN 112904109 A, a safety management system and an ECU detection method for preventing unauthorized opening of a high-voltage distribution box of an electric vehicle are disclosed. This patent only provides a technical solution for monitoring whether a user has an illegal act of opening the high-voltage distribution box, and cannot clarify the connection state between the high-voltage box cover and the high-voltage box body, whether the high-voltage box is opened, and the lighting conditions when the high-voltage box cover is opened. Second, the technical solution focuses too much on the detection and management of preventing unauthorized opening of the traditional high-voltage box itself, and does not consider whether the high-voltage box can solve both the power utilization safety management of high-voltage electrical appliances and the detection and safety management of unauthorized opening of high-voltage electrical appliances. Taking the power battery of a new energy vehicle as an example, its cost accounts for a very high proportion in the overall vehicle cost and has a direct impact on the safety, life, and performance of the whole vehicle. The purpose of this patent is to design a high-voltage box for the battery, which not only solves the charging and discharging safety management of the power battery but also solves the detection and safety management of preventing unauthorized opening of the battery pack, which will surely improve the safety of the whole vehicle and the standardized management of after-sales maintenance and repair. Summary of the Invention

[0004] A detection system for preventing unauthorized opening of a high-voltage box of an electric vehicle provided by the present invention can detect the connection state between the high-voltage box cover and the high-voltage box body in real time.

[0005] To achieve the above object, an anti-unauthorized-opening detection system for the high-voltage box of an electric vehicle provided by the present invention includes a high-voltage box, and the high-voltage box is provided with a box cover and a box body. The key is that the four corners of the box cover and the box body are locked and connected by at least two bolts. At least two installation chambers are arranged inside the side wall of the box body. A threaded post corresponding to each installation chamber is arranged on the box cover corresponding to each installation chamber. The threaded post extends into the installation chamber. A pressure bolt penetrates through the threaded post. The head of the pressure bolt is located above the box cover, and the bottom of the pressure bolt is connected with a piston.

[0006] A card slot is formed on the outer side wall of the threaded post, and a pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the card slot. A locking mechanism corresponding to the card slot is arranged inside the outer side wall of the box body. The box cover is fixed on the box body through the locking mechanism.

[0007] Through the above design, the box cover is fixed on the box body by bolts, and the piston is adjusted downward by the pressure bolt. The pressure sensor in the card slot and the lock block are in a free state, and the pressure value is low.

[0008] When the pressure signals collected by all the pressure sensors all collect low pressure values, that is, all are lower than the locking pressure threshold, it is judged that the locking state of the high-voltage box is locked.

[0009] Preferably, the outer diameter of the piston is the same as the inner diameter of the installation chamber, and at least two sealing rings are sleeved on the outer side wall of the piston and are hermetically connected with the installation chamber.

[0010] The piston is used to compress the air inside the installation chamber to achieve a pressurizing effect.

[0011] The sealing ring is used for sealing to provide a sealing condition for the compression of the air inside the installation chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the locking mechanism is provided with a lock block, and the lock block is pressed into the card slot by a spring. An opening is formed on the outer side wall of the box body, and a locking knob corresponding to the locking mechanism is arranged. The locking knob presses the spring to abut against the lock block.

[0013] The spring is pushed by the locking knob to make the lock block snap into the card slot to achieve the locking function.

[0014] Preferably, the box body has two implementation schemes. The first scheme can still be designed as a traditional high-voltage box, which only integrates various relays, contactors, fuses, etc. inside. This high-voltage box is small in size and is mainly used for the current distribution of various high-voltage electrical appliances and the safety management of high-voltage circuits. The second scheme fully considers that the cost of the battery accounts for a high proportion of the total vehicle cost, and the direct impact of the battery on the overall life and performance of new energy vehicles. It divides the traditional high-voltage box into two parts. The high-voltage electrical appliances other than the battery are managed by the traditional high-voltage box, and a battery safety management high-voltage box is designed separately. Inside, in addition to integrating relays, fuses, etc. for the battery to work, a battery pack is also integrated and installed inside the high-voltage box, that is, a battery pack chamber is provided inside the high-voltage box, and the battery pack is installed in this battery pack chamber. An air duct communicating with the battery pack chamber is provided at the lower part of the installation chamber. The second scheme is adopted in the present invention. This scheme not only realizes the safety management of the battery, but also monitors the daily use of the battery pack, prevents unauthorized opening of the battery pack for maintenance and repair operations, and eliminates potential safety hazards.

[0015] The compressed air in the installation chamber flows into the battery pack chamber through the air duct, achieving the pressurizing effect on the battery pack. By adjusting the position of the piston through the pressurizing bolt, the fine adjustment of the pressurizing effect on the battery pack can be realized to ensure appropriate pressure.

[0016] Pressurizing the battery pack can effectively improve the energy density of the battery pack and extend the service life of the battery.

[0017] First of all, pressurizing can improve the energy density of the battery pack. Through appropriate pressure management, the arrangement and contact inside the battery can be optimized, reducing the internal resistance, thereby improving the energy transmission efficiency. This is equivalent to being able to store more energy under the same volume or weight, thus enhancing the vehicle's cruising range.

[0018] Secondly, pressurizing can extend the service life of the battery. Appropriate pressure can reduce the deformation of the battery during charge and discharge, maintain the stability of the battery structure, and reduce internal damage caused by expansion or contraction, thereby extending the service life of the battery.

[0019] Preferably, a circle of steps is provided on the upper part of the inner wall of the battery pack chamber, and a circle of sealing fences is provided on the lower side wall of the corresponding box cover. A circle of sealing rings is provided between the lower bottom of the sealing fence and the upper end face of the step. A gap is left between the middle and lower parts of the outer side wall of the battery pack and the middle and lower parts of the inner wall of the battery pack chamber.

[0020] The battery pack and the upper part of the battery pack chamber are completely sealed through the sealing ring to ensure the pressurizing effect on the battery pack. The gap is reserved between the battery pack and the middle and lower parts of the battery pack chamber to achieve uniform pressurization of the battery pack.

[0021] Preferably, a light sensor is provided in the battery pack chamber.

[0022] The light sensor is used to identify the location where the high-voltage box cover is opened, whether it is a place irradiated by normal light or a dark and lightless place. For the maintenance and repair of the high-voltage box of an electric vehicle, due to high-voltage power problems, such as unclear connection of high-voltage electrical appliances in the high-voltage box due to insufficient light, there may be potential safety hazards in case of misoperation. Therefore, a light sensor is designed to monitor whether the light environment of opening the high-voltage box meets the requirements and control the standardized operation of after-sales technicians.

[0023] Preferably, a pressure sensor mechanism matching the bolt is provided in the side walls at the four corners of the box body. A circle of stoppers is provided on the upper part of the pressure sensor mechanism, and a circle of L-shaped pressure sensors is also provided on the upper part of the pressure sensor mechanism. The horizontal plate of the L-shaped pressure sensor is pressed by the first return spring to abut against the stopper, and the upper end plane of the vertical plate of the L-shaped pressure sensor is the pressure sensing part;

[0024] An internal threaded hole is opened at the bottom of the pressure sensor mechanism, and the screw rod of the bolt passes through the L-shaped pressure sensor and is locked and connected with the internal threaded hole.

[0025] The outer diameter of the upper part of the screw rod is larger than the outer diameter of the middle and lower parts of the screw rod, the outer diameter of the upper part of the screw rod is larger than the inner diameter of the L-shaped pressure sensor, and the outer diameter of the middle and lower parts of the screw rod is slightly smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the L-shaped pressure sensor.

[0026] Through the above design, the upper end plane of the vertical plate of the L-shaped pressure sensor is the pressure sensing part. When a force acts on the upper surface of the sensor, the L-shaped pressure sensor can sense the magnitude of the force.

[0027] When the box cover is freely placed on the upper end surface of the box body, at this time, since the bolt is not inserted, the pressure sensor sensing mechanism evenly divides the gravity of the box cover.

[0028] When the bolt is inserted into the connection gap between the box cover and the box body, since the bolt is not connected to the internal thread on the box body at this time, the pressure sensor mechanism senses the evenly divided gravity of the high-voltage box and the gravity of the bolt.

[0029] When the bolt is inserted into the connection gap between the box cover and the box body and the bolt is rotated to be connected with the internal thread and the lower surface of the bolt head does not fit against the high-voltage box cover, the pressure sensor mechanism senses the gravity of the bolt and the extrusion force of the bolt. At this time, there is no evenly divided gravity of the high-voltage box and the pre-tightening force of the bolt.

[0030] When the bolt is inserted into the connection gap between the high-voltage box cover and the box body and the bolt is rotated to be connected with the internal thread and the lower surface of the bolt head fits against the high-voltage box cover, as the bolt continues to rotate, the pressure sensor mechanism senses the gravity of the bolt and the pre-tightening force of the bolt.

[0031] Preferably, a high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is further provided. The optical detection end of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is connected to the optical sensor. The first pressure detection end group of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is correspondingly connected to all the pressure sensors one by one, and the second pressure detection end group of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is correspondingly connected to all the L-shaped pressure sensors one by one.

[0032] The high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is used to judge the locking condition of the high-voltage box, the pressurization condition of the battery pack, and the ambient light condition of the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened according to the pressure sensor signal and the optical sensor signal, and perform corresponding processing and recording according to the situation.

[0033] Preferably, a mechanical on-off mechanism is further provided in the lower side wall of the internal thread hole. The mechanical on-off mechanism is provided with a housing. A through hole is opened on one side of the housing close to the internal thread hole, and an end cover is provided on the other side.

[0034] A ejector rod is arranged in the housing. The head of the ejector rod passes through the through hole and extends into the internal thread hole. The tail of the ejector rod is connected with a second conductor. A first conductor is arranged on the inner wall of the side of the housing where the through hole is opened. The second conductor is pressed by a second return spring to abut against the first conductor.

[0035] The first conductor is connected to the power supply line of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU, and the second conductor is connected with a ground wire.

[0036] The mechanical on-off mechanism is used to control the on-off of the negative electrode of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU, and further control the power supply of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU, ensuring that the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU does not need to be powered on in real time. Especially after the vehicle stops and the power is cut off, if the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is always powered on for monitoring, the power consumption is large and does not meet the actual vehicle use requirements.

[0037] When the bolt is rotated and the bolt head does not touch the ejector rod or just touches the ejector rod, the ejector rod is in a free state, and the first conductor and the second conductor are pressed tightly, so as to realize the connection of the first wire and the second wire, and the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is powered on.

[0038] When the bolt is screwed in and the bolt head touches the ejector rod, the second conductor can be extruded to the other side through the ejector rod, so that the first conductor and the second conductor are separated, so as to realize the disconnection of the first wire and the second wire, and the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is not powered on and cannot work.

[0039] Preferably, the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is further connected to the vehicle VCU. The vehicle VCU is used to control the vehicle start state according to the detection signal of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU.

[0040] The vehicle VCU is used to control the vehicle start state according to the information message of the vehicle VCU reset. When the vehicle VCU does not receive the reset information message, the vehicle cannot start.

[0041] The high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is also connected to a CAN card through a DB9 interface, and the CAN card is connected to a host computer through a USB2.0 interface.

[0042] After the maintenance and repair of the high-voltage box are completed, a CAN card with a DB9 interface at one end and a USB2.0 interface at the other end is used to connect the laptop computer to the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU. Turn on the computer, run the maintenance and repair special authorization software authorized by the automobile manufacturer, input the authorization account and password, turn the vehicle ignition switch or the one-key start button to the "ON" gear, wake up the vehicle VCU, operate the high-voltage box cover opening management option in the software, select "Normal maintenance and repair cover opening" in the dialog box, click OK, and the host computer sends an information message for resetting the vehicle VCU to the vehicle VCU, and the vehicle VCU is successfully reset.

[0043] When starting the vehicle at this time, the vehicle VCU outputs a low-level signal, the main contactor coil is connected to 12V, the main contactor is attracted, and the vehicle can start and run normally.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present invention: It can judge the locking situation of the high-voltage box, whether the high-voltage box cover is opened, the light condition when the high-voltage box is opened, and whether the opening of the high-voltage box is an authorized act of the authorized repair site of the automobile manufacturer or an unauthorized unauthorized opening, so as to enable automobile enterprises to conduct centralized dynamic management of the high-voltage box;

[0045] At the same time, the battery pack can be pressurized, which can effectively improve the energy density of the battery pack and extend the service life of the battery. Description of the Drawings

[0046] Figure 1 It is the top view of the high-voltage box in the embodiment;

[0047] Figure 2 It is the A-A sectional view of the high-voltage box in the embodiment;

[0048] Figure 3 It is the B-B sectional view of the high-voltage box when the bolt is not installed in the embodiment;

[0049] Figure 4 It is the B-B sectional view of the high-voltage box when the bolt is installed, but the bolt is in a free state in the embodiment;

[0050] Figure 5 It is the B-B sectional view of the high-voltage box when the bolt is installed and the bolt firmly connects the box cover and the box body in the embodiment;

[0051] Figure 6Partial enlarged view of the mechanical on-off mechanism in the embodiment;

[0052] Figure 7 ECU circuit diagram of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor in the embodiment. Specific implementation manners

[0053] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. The following embodiments or drawings are used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0054] As Figure 2 shown: An anti-unauthorized opening detection system for an electric vehicle high-voltage box includes a high-voltage box. The high-voltage box is provided with a box cover 1 and a box body 2. The four corners of the box cover 1 and the box body 2 are locked and connected by at least two bolts 14. At least two installation chambers are provided inside the side wall of the box body 2. On the box cover 1 corresponding to each installation chamber, there is a threaded column 3 corresponding to the installation chamber one by one. The threaded column 3 extends into the installation chamber. A pressure bolt 4 penetrates through the threaded column 3. The head of the pressure bolt 4 is located above the box cover 1. The bottom of the pressure bolt 4 is connected with a piston 6;

[0055] A card slot is opened on the outer side wall of the threaded column 3. A pressure sensor 5 is installed at the bottom of the card slot. A locking mechanism corresponding to the card slot is provided inside the outer side wall of the box body 2. The box cover 1 is fixed on the box body 2 through the locking mechanism.

[0056] The outer diameter of the piston 6 is the same as the inner diameter of the installation chamber. Three sealing rings 7 are sleeved on the outer side wall of the piston 6 and are hermetically connected to the installation chamber.

[0057] The locking mechanism is provided with a lock block 9. The lock block 9 is pressed into the card slot by a spring 10. An opening is made on the outer side wall of the box body 2 and a locking knob 11 corresponding to the locking mechanism is provided. The locking knob 11 presses the spring 10 to abut against the lock block 9.

[0058] A battery pack chamber is provided inside the box body 2. A battery pack 8 is installed in the battery pack chamber. An air passage 12 communicating with the battery pack chamber is provided at the lower part of the installation chamber.

[0059] An annular step is provided on the upper part of the inner wall of the battery pack chamber. A sealing fence is provided on the lower side wall of the box cover 1 corresponding to the step. A sealing ring 13 is provided between the lower bottom of the sealing fence and the upper end surface of the step. A gap is left between the middle and lower parts of the outer side wall of the battery pack 8 and the middle and lower parts of the inner wall of the battery pack chamber.

[0060] A light sensor is provided inside the battery pack chamber.

[0061] The lid is fixed to the box body by bolts, and the piston is adjusted downward by the pressure bolt. The pressure sensor in the card slot and the lock block are in a free state, and the pressure value is low.

[0062] When the pressure signals collected by all pressure sensors are all low pressure values, that is, all are lower than the locking pressure threshold, it is judged that the locking state of the high-pressure box is locked.

[0063] The compressed air in the installation chamber flows into the battery pack chamber through the air duct, realizing the pressurization effect on the battery pack. By adjusting the piston position with the pressure bolt, the fine adjustment of the pressurization effect on the battery pack can be realized to ensure appropriate pressure. Pressurizing the battery pack can effectively improve the energy density of the battery pack and extend the service life of the battery.

[0064] The battery pack and the upper part of the battery pack chamber are completely sealed by the sealing ring to ensure the pressurization effect on the battery pack. A gap is reserved between the battery pack and the middle and lower parts of the battery pack chamber, realizing the uniform pressurization of the battery pack.

[0065] As Figures 3 - 5 As shown, pressure sensor mechanisms matching the bolts 14 are arranged inside the side walls at the four corners of the box body 2. A circle of stoppers 15 is arranged on the upper part of the pressure sensor mechanism. A circle of L-shaped pressure sensors 16 is also arranged on the upper part of the pressure sensor mechanism. The horizontal plate of the L-shaped pressure sensor 16 is pressed by the first return spring 17 to abut against the stopper 15, and the upper end plane of the vertical plate of the L-shaped pressure sensor 16 is the pressure sensing part;

[0066] Internal threaded holes are opened at the bottom of the pressure sensor mechanism, and the screw rod of the bolt 14 passes through the L-shaped pressure sensor 16 and is locked and connected to the internal threaded holes.

[0067] As Figure 3 As shown, when the high-pressure box lid 1 is freely placed on the upper end face of the high-pressure box body 2, at this time, since the bolt 14 is not inserted, the pressure sensor sensing mechanism designed on the high-pressure box body 2 evenly divides the gravity of the high-pressure box lid 1.

[0068] As Figure 4 As shown, when the bolt 14 is inserted into the connection gap between the high-pressure box lid 1 and the high-pressure box body 2, since the bolt 14 is not connected to the internal thread on the high-pressure box body 2 at this time, the pressure sensor mechanism senses the evenly divided gravity of the high-pressure box and the gravity of the bolt 14.

[0069] As Figure 5As shown, when the bolt 14 is inserted into the connection gap between the high-voltage box cover 1 and the high-voltage box body 2 and the bolt 14 is rotated to be connected with the internal thread and the lower surface of the bolt head does not fit against the high-voltage box cover, the pressure sensor mechanism senses the gravity of the bolt 14 and the extrusion force of the bolt 14. At this time, there is no equalized gravity of the high-voltage box and the pre-tightening force of the bolt 14.

[0070] When the bolt 14 is inserted into the connection gap between the high-voltage box cover 1 and the high-voltage box body 2 and the bolt is rotated to be connected with the internal thread and the lower surface of the bolt head fits against the high-voltage box cover, as the bolt continues to rotate, the pressure sensor mechanism senses the gravity of the bolt and the pre-tightening force of the bolt.

[0071] As Figure 6 shown, a mechanical on-off mechanism 20 is further provided in the lower side wall of the internal thread hole. The mechanical on-off mechanism 20 is provided with a housing 202. A through hole is opened on one side of the housing 202 close to the internal thread hole, and an end cover 206 is provided on the other side;

[0072] A push rod 201 is provided in the housing 202. The head of the push rod 201 passes through the through hole and extends into the internal thread hole. A second conductor 204 is connected to the tail of the push rod 201. A first conductor 203 is provided on the inner wall of the side of the housing 202 where the through hole is opened. The second conductor 204 is pressed by a second return spring 205 to abut against the first conductor 203;

[0073] The first conductor 203 is connected to the power supply line 18 of the high-voltage box privacy monitor ECU, and the second conductor 204 is connected to a ground wire 19.

[0074] As Figure 6 (a) shown, when the bolt 14 is rotated and the bolt head does not contact the push rod 201 until it just contacts the push rod 201, the mechanical on-off mechanism 20 is in the "on state", the first wire 18 and the second wire 19 are conducted, the negative pole of the ECU is connected, and at this time the ECU is powered on.

[0075] As Figure 6 (b) shown, when the bolt 14 is further rotated so that the bolt head goes from just contacting the push rod 201 to contacting the top of the push rod, the mechanical on-off mechanism 20 is in the "off state", the first wire 18 and the second wire 19 are not conducted, the negative pole of the ECU cannot be connected, and at this time the ECU is not powered on and cannot work.

[0076] The function of the mechanical on-off mechanism 20 is that during the process of authorized maintenance, opening the cover for repair or unauthorized opening of the high-voltage box cover, when loosening the bolt, under the action of the first return spring, the second conductor 204 always moves left / right until the ejector rod 201 is fully reset. At this time, the first conductor 203 is connected to the second conductor 204, the ECU is powered on and wakes up to start real-time monitoring. When the bolt 14 is screwed back, the ECU is powered off and does not work. Therefore, during the process of manually loosening the bolt, the bolt 14 only needs to be rotated by a small angle to connect the first conductor 203 to the second conductor 204, so that the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is powered on for monitoring, and there is no need to connect the ECU to the normal power supply for real-time monitoring and energy consumption. In this embodiment, 4 pressurizing bolts and 4 bolts are provided, and loosening any one of the bolts can wake up the ECU and perform monitoring. Similarly, after the maintenance and repair are completed, the ECU can only be powered off after all 4 bolts are tightened, and all processes before power-off can be recorded.

[0077] As Figure 7 shown: There is also a high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU. The optical detection end of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is connected to the optical sensor. The first pressure detection end group of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is connected to all pressure sensors in one-to-one correspondence. The second pressure detection end group of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is connected to all L-shaped pressure sensors in one-to-one correspondence.

[0078] The optical sensor is used to identify the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened, whether it is a place irradiated by normal light or a dark and lightless place. For the maintenance and repair of the high-voltage box of electric vehicles, due to high-voltage power problems, such as unclear connection of high-voltage electrical appliances in the high-voltage box due to substandard light, there may be potential safety hazards in case of misoperation. Therefore, an optical sensor is designed to monitor whether the light environment of opening the high-voltage box cover meets the requirements and control the standardized operation of after-sales technicians.

[0079] The high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is used to judge the locking situation of the high-voltage box, the pressurization situation of the battery pack, and the light situation of the place environment where the high-voltage box cover is opened according to the signals of the pressure sensor and the optical sensor, and perform corresponding processing and recording according to the situation.

[0080] Through the perception structure design of the pressure sensor, Figures 3 - 5 Analysis of the force states of the three types of L-shaped pressure sensors connecting the high-voltage box cover and the high-voltage box body, plus Figure 7 the electrical system design of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU, through the algorithm of the monitoring software, the specific connection state between the high-voltage box cover and the high-voltage box body can be judged. The specific control algorithm logic judgment is as follows:

[0081] 1. When the pressure signals of the 4 L-shaped pressure sensors are basically the same and around 0.05V, and the corresponding force values added together are basically equal to the gravity corresponding to the free placement of the high-voltage box cover on the upper end face of the high-voltage box body, the detection system determines that the high-voltage box cover has been placed on the high-voltage box body and no bolts have been inserted. The design of the high-voltage box has considered the correspondence between the weight of the high-voltage box cover and the readings of the pressure sensors. At this time, the first return spring is basically not deformed.

[0082] 2. When the pressure signals of the 4 L-shaped pressure sensors are basically the same and around 0.06V, the detection system determines that the high-voltage box cover has been placed on the high-voltage box body, and all 4 bolts have been inserted into the corresponding positions, but the bolts are not connected to the internal threads. The design of the bolts has considered the correspondence between the weight and the readings of the pressure sensors. When both the high-voltage box cover and the bolts are present, the first return spring is also basically not deformed.

[0083] 3. When the pressure signals of some of the L-shaped pressure sensors are basically the same and around 0.05V, and the other part is around 0.06V, the detection system determines that the high-voltage box cover has been placed on the high-voltage box body, no bolts have been inserted at the 0.05V position, bolts have been inserted at the 0.06V part, but the bolts are not connected to the internal threads.

[0084] 4. When the pressure signals of the 4 L-shaped pressure sensors are basically 0V, the detection system determines that the high-voltage box cover is opened. At this time, if Figure 7 the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is close to 5V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened is very poor and does not meet the light conditions for the maintenance and repair of the high-voltage box. When the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is close to 4V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened is poor, and it is not recommended to perform maintenance and repair on the high-voltage box under such light conditions. When the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is between 2.5V - 3.5V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened meets the maintenance and repair conditions of the high-voltage box. The voltage between pins 1 and 2 depends on the relationship between the sunlight sensor resistance and the light intensity, and the relationship between the resistance value of the fixed resistor R1 and the resistance value of the sunlight sensor.

[0085] 5. When the pressure signals of the 4 L-shaped pressure sensors suddenly change from basically 0.05V to 0V, the detection system determines that the high-voltage box cover is opened and in a bolt-free state. At this time, if Figure 7When the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is close to 5V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened is very poor, not meeting the light conditions for the maintenance and repair of the high-voltage box. When the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is close to 4V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened is poor, and it is not recommended to perform maintenance and repair on the high-voltage box under such light conditions. When the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is between 2.5V and 3.5V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened meets the maintenance and repair conditions of the high-voltage box. The voltage between pins 1 and 2 depends on the relationship between the sunlight sensor resistance and the light intensity, and the relationship between the resistance value of the fixed resistor R1 and the sunlight sensor resistance value.

[0086] 6. When the pressure signals of the 4 L-shaped pressure sensors suddenly change from approximately 0.06V to 0.01V, the detection system determines that the 4 bolts have been placed in the high-voltage box and the high-voltage box cover is opened, and the bolt heads have not left the upper surface of the pressure sensors. At this time, if Figure 7 When the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is close to 5V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened is very poor, not meeting the light conditions for the maintenance and repair of the high-voltage box. When the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is close to 4V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened is poor, and it is not recommended to perform maintenance and repair on the high-voltage box under such light conditions. When the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is between 2.5V and 3.5V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened meets the maintenance and repair conditions of the high-voltage box. The voltage between pins 1 and 2 depends on the relationship between the sunlight sensor resistance and the light intensity, and the relationship between the resistance value of the fixed resistor R1 and the sunlight sensor resistance value.

[0087] 7. When the pressure signals of the 4 L-shaped pressure sensors suddenly change from approximately 0.06V to 0V, the detection system determines that the 4 bolts have been placed in the high-voltage box and the high-voltage box cover is opened, and the bolt heads have left the upper surface of the pressure sensors. At this time, if Figure 7 When the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is close to 5V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened is very poor, not meeting the light conditions for the maintenance and repair of the high-voltage box. When the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is close to 4V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened is poor, and it is not recommended to perform maintenance and repair on the high-voltage box under such light conditions. When the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is between 2.5V and 3.5V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened meets the maintenance and repair conditions of the high-voltage box. The voltage between pins 1 and 2 depends on the relationship between the sunlight sensor resistance and the light intensity, and the relationship between the resistance value of the fixed resistor R1 and the sunlight sensor resistance value.

[0088] 8. When the pressure signals of the 4 L-shaped pressure sensors are basically 5V, the detection system determines that the 4 bolts have reached the maximum pre-tightening force required by the design, and the connection between the high-voltage box cover and the high-voltage box body is reliable. The magnitude of the pressure signal of the pressure sensor indicating that the pre-tightening force meets the standard depends on the technical parameters of the first return spring, and the pressure signal of the pressure sensor when the pre-tightening force meets the standard is calibrated according to the actual situation.

[0089] 9. When the pressure signals of the 4 L-shaped pressure sensors are significantly larger than the value corresponding to 0.05V and less than or equal to 4V, the detection system determines that the 4 bolts have been screwed into the internal thread, but the lower surface of the bolt hex head does not contact the high-voltage box cover and there is an obvious gap. At this time, if Figure 7 the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is close to 5V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened is very poor and does not meet the light conditions for the maintenance and repair of the high-voltage box. When the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is close to 4V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened is poor, and it is not recommended to perform maintenance and repair on the high-voltage box under this light condition. When the voltage between pins 1 and 2 in the sunlight sensor sensing circuit is between 2.5V - 3.5V, it indicates that the light condition at the place where the high-voltage box cover is opened meets the maintenance and repair conditions of the high-voltage box.

[0090] 10. When the pressure signals of the 4 L-shaped pressure sensors are between 4V - 4.5V, the detection system determines that the 4 bolts have been screwed into the internal thread, but the lower surface of the bolt hex head does not contact the high-voltage box cover and there is a small gap. At this time, Figure 7 the sunlight sensor sensing circuit in [[]] is not applicable and it is impossible to judge whether the cover is opened, but through the structural design of the high-voltage box cover and the high-voltage box body, this gap cannot allow tools to reach into the interior of the high-voltage box, preventing detection activities on the interior of the high-voltage box at this time.

[0091] 11. When the pressure signals of the 4 L-shaped pressure sensors are between 4.5V - 4.8V, the detection system determines that the 4 bolts have been screwed into the internal thread, but the lower surface of the bolt hex head does not contact the high-voltage box cover and the gap is almost invisible. At this time, Figure 7 the sunlight sensor sensing circuit in [[]] is not applicable and it is impossible to judge whether the cover is opened. The gap is almost non-existent, making it impossible to perform detection activities on the interior of the high-voltage box.

[0092] 12. When the pressure signals of some or several pressure sensors are basically 5V and the pressure signals of the remaining pressure sensors are equal to 4.80V, the pre-tightening force of the bolts corresponding to the 5V signal meets the standard, and the lower surfaces of the remaining bolt hex heads are just in contact with the high-voltage box cover without generating pre-tightening force.

[0093] 13. When the pressure signals of one or several pressure sensors are basically 5V and the pressure signals of the remaining pressure sensors are between 4.80V and 5V, the bolt pre-tightening force corresponding to the 5V signal meets the standard. The lower surfaces of the hexagonal heads of the remaining bolts are in contact with the high-voltage box cover, but the bolt pre-tightening forces of this part do not reach the required values.

[0094] ① During authorized maintenance and repair:

[0095] When the high-voltage box is opened for maintenance and repair, the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU monitors in real time through the pressure sensor signals and the optical sensor signals, comprehensively judges the high-voltage box opening behavior and records it;

[0096] When the maintenance and repair of the high-voltage box are completed and the lid 1 is fixed to the box body 2 again by the locking mechanism, the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU monitors in real time through the pressure sensor signals and the optical sensor signals, comprehensively judges the high-voltage box lid reset behavior and records it.

[0097] The high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is also connected to the vehicle VCU, and the vehicle VCU is used to control the vehicle start state according to the detection signals of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU.

[0098] The vehicle VCU is used to control the vehicle start state according to the vehicle VCU reset information sent by the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU. When the vehicle VCU does not receive the reset information, the vehicle cannot start.

[0099] Principle of the vehicle VCU reset function: When the vehicle ignition switch or the one-key start button is turned to the "start" gear, the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU communicates with the vehicle VCU, and the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU sends the high-voltage box opening and high-voltage box lid reset information to the vehicle VCU through the CAN message. At this time, although the high-voltage box lid has been reset, the vehicle VCU has not received the information message of the vehicle VCU reset. Therefore, there is no low-level signal output at pin 3 of the vehicle VCU, the main contactor coil is not connected to 12V, and the main contactor cannot be attracted. At this time, the vehicle cannot start normally.

[0100] The high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor ECU is also connected to a CAN card through a DB9 interface. The CAN card is connected to the upper computer through a USB2.0 interface. The upper computer is wirelessly communicatively connected to the vehicle VCU.

[0101] After the maintenance and repair of the high-voltage box, a CAN card with a DB9 interface at one end and a USB2.0 interface at the other end is used to connect the laptop computer (i.e., the host computer) to the ECU of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor. Turn on the computer and run the authorized maintenance and repair software authorized by the vehicle manufacturer. Enter the authorized account and password, turn the vehicle ignition switch or the one-key start button to the "ON" position, wake up the vehicle VCU, operate the high-voltage box opening management option in the software, select "Normal maintenance and repair opening" in the dialog box, click OK, and the host computer sends an information message for the vehicle VCU to reset to the vehicle VCU, and the vehicle VCU resets successfully.

[0102] When starting the vehicle at this time, the pin 3 of the vehicle VCU outputs a low-level signal, the main contactor coil is connected to 12V, the main contactor is attracted, and the vehicle can start and run normally.

[0103] ② During unauthorized maintenance and repair:

[0104] When the opening of the high-voltage box belongs to unauthorized maintenance and repair, even if the high-voltage box cover is reset after the maintenance and repair, since the vehicle VCU does not receive the information message for the vehicle VCU to reset, the vehicle cannot be used normally.

[0105] Regular maintenance and repair personnel arrive at the scene, connect a computer to the ECU of the high-voltage box unauthorized opening monitor, run the authorized maintenance and repair software authorized by the vehicle manufacturer, enter the authorized account and password, and can read the fault information as "the high-voltage box cover has experienced an opening and a reset of the high-voltage box cover" information.

[0106] The maintenance and repair personnel confirm with the user and make a record. After the maintenance and repair personnel reopen the high-voltage box to check that there is no problem inside and then reset and fix the high-voltage box cover. Turn the vehicle ignition switch or the one-key start button to the "ON" position, wake up the vehicle VCU, operate the high-voltage box opening management option in the software, select "Unauthorized illegal opening" in the dialog box, click OK, and the software sends a reset instruction message to the vehicle VCU, and the vehicle VCU resets successfully. At this time, the VCU software system records an "unauthorized illegal opening" record.

[0107] When starting the vehicle again, the pin 3 of the vehicle VCU outputs a low-level signal, the main contactor coil is connected to 12V, the main contactor is attracted, and the vehicle can start and run normally.

[0108] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle high-voltage box anti-private opening detection system, comprising a high-voltage box, wherein the high-voltage box is provided with a box cover (1) and a box body (2), characterized in that: The four corners of the box cover (1) and the box body (2) are locked and connected by at least two bolts (14); at least two installation chambers are arranged in the side wall of the box body (2); a threaded column (3) corresponding to each installation chamber is arranged on the box cover (1) corresponding to each installation chamber, and the threaded column (3) extends into the installation chamber; a pressure bolt (4) is passed through the threaded column (3); the head of the pressure bolt (4) is located above the box cover (1); and the bottom of the pressure bolt (4) is connected to a piston (6); The outer wall of the threaded column (3) is provided with a slot, a pressure sensor (5) is installed at the bottom of the slot, and a locking mechanism corresponding to the slot is arranged inside the outer wall of the box body (2), and the box cover (1) is fixed to the box body (2) via the locking mechanism.

2. The electric vehicle high-voltage box anti-private opening detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer diameter of the piston (6) is the same as the inner diameter of the installation chamber, and the outer wall of the piston (6) is sleeved with at least two sealing rings (7) to be sealed and connected to the installation chamber.

3. The electric vehicle high-voltage box anti-private opening detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The locking mechanism is provided with a locking block (9), which is pressed into the card slot by a spring (10); the outer wall of the box body (2) is provided with a hole and a locking knob (11) corresponding to the locking mechanism; the locking knob (11) presses the spring (10) to abut against the locking block (9).

4. The electric vehicle high-voltage box anti-private opening detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The box body (2) is either designed as a traditional high-voltage box structure, that is, various types of relays, contactors, and fuses are integrated inside the high-voltage box; or the high-voltage box is divided into two parts, and high-voltage electrical appliances other than the battery are managed by a traditional high-voltage box. In addition to the integrated battery working relays and fuses, the high-voltage box also integrates and installs a battery pack, that is, a battery pack chamber is provided in the high-voltage box, and a battery pack (8) is installed in the battery pack chamber, and an air duct (12) communicating with the battery pack chamber is provided at the lower part of the installation chamber.

5. The electric vehicle high-voltage box anti-private opening detection system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A circle of steps is provided on the upper inner wall of the battery pack chamber, a circle of sealing enclosure is provided on the lower side wall of the box cover (1) corresponding to the steps, and a circle of sealing rings (13) is provided between the lower bottom of the sealing enclosure and the upper end surface of the steps.

6. The electric vehicle high-voltage box anti-private opening detection system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A light sensor is disposed in the battery pack chamber.

7. The electric vehicle high-voltage box anti-private opening detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A pressure sensor mechanism matching the bolt (14) is arranged in the four corner side walls of the box body (2); a circle of stoppers (15) is arranged on the upper part of the pressure sensor mechanism; a circle of L-shaped pressure sensors (16) is also arranged on the upper part of the pressure sensor mechanism; the horizontal plate of the L-shaped pressure sensor (16) is pressed by a first return spring (17) to abut against the stoppers (15); the upper end plane of the vertical plate of the L-shaped pressure sensor (16) is a pressure sensing part; An internal threaded hole is provided at the bottom of the pressure sensor mechanism, and the screw rod of the bolt (14) passes through the L-shaped pressure sensor (16) and is locked and connected with the internal threaded hole.

8. The electric vehicle high-voltage box anti-private opening detection system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A high-voltage box private monitor ECU is also provided, wherein the light detection end of the high-voltage box private monitor ECU is connected to the light sensor, the first pressure detection end group of the high-voltage box private monitor ECU is connected to all pressure sensors one-to-one, and the second pressure detection end group of the high-voltage box private monitor ECU is connected to all L-type pressure sensors one-to-one.

9. The electric vehicle high-voltage box anti-private opening detection system according to claim 8 is characterized in that: A mechanical on-off mechanism (20) is also provided in the lower side wall of the internal threaded hole, and the mechanical on-off mechanism (20) is provided with a shell (202), and a through hole is provided on one side of the shell (202) close to the internal threaded hole, and an end cover (206) is provided on the other side; A push rod (201) is arranged in the shell (202); the head of the push rod (201) passes through the through hole and extends into the internal threaded hole; the tail of the push rod (201) is connected to a second conductor (204); a first conductor (203) is arranged on an inner wall of one side of the shell (202) where the through hole is opened; the second conductor (204) is pressed by a second return spring (205) to abut against the first conductor (203); The first conductor (203) is connected to a power line (18) of the high-voltage box private monitoring device ECU, and the second conductor (204) is connected to a ground line (19).

10. The electric vehicle high-voltage box anti-private opening detection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The high-voltage box private opening monitor ECU is also connected to the whole vehicle VCU, and the whole vehicle VCU is used to control the vehicle startup state according to the detection signal of the high-voltage box private opening monitor ECU; The high-voltage box private opening monitor ECU is also connected to a CAN card via a DB9 interface, and the CAN card is connected to a host computer via a USB2.0 interface.

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