Calculation method for operating energy consumption economic index of hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty car

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for calculating a running energy consumption economic index of a hydrogen fuel cell heavy truck, which comprises the following steps of: calculating the total energy charging cost when the truck is in a servicing power-on state under the condition of considering the filling price per liter of hydrogen and the charging price per kilowatt-hour of the current location of the truck, and further obtaining the average energy charging cost per kilometer; when the automobile is in the running state stage, the average running energy consumption cost per kilometer of the automobile in the current sampling period is obtained under the condition that the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank is considered, and then an economic cost data change curve is obtained; meanwhile, the total energy conversion efficiency of the automobile is obtained through the energy conversion efficiency of the automobile under different load conditions; and finally, the calculation of the running energy consumption economic index of the hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty car is completed. According to the method, the actual situation of the place where the automobile is located and environmental factors such as temperature and road conditions in the running period of the automobile are fully considered, and the reliability of the obtained economic index calculation result is high, so that the analysis of the driver corresponding to the economical efficiency and health of the automobile better conforms to the actual situation of the automobile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of economic calculation and analysis of hydrogen fuel cells, and particularly to a calculation method for the operating energy consumption economy index of a hydrogen fuel cell heavy truck. Background Art

[0002] The energy source of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is mainly hydrogen. Compared with a pure electric vehicle, it has the advantages of fast charging and long endurance. Since 2015, various automobile manufacturers have successively produced heavy trucks using a hybrid mode of hydrogen fuel cells and power batteries. However, vehicle users have been discussing the operating economy of the vehicles.

[0003] Since the energy output of a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle comes from both the hydrogen fuel cell and the power battery, the charging process of the vehicle includes hydrogen refueling and charging. When charging the power battery, the floating price of industrial electricity where the vehicle is used needs to be considered, and the hydrogen refueling price also needs to consider factors such as local subsidy prices. During the operation of the vehicle, environmental factors such as temperature and road conditions, and the vehicle load will affect the hydrogen consumption. Therefore, when a driver analyzes the economy of the vehicle, if only the current vehicle energy consumption situation is used as the economy index to analyze the economy of the vehicle, there will be a large error from the actual situation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention discloses a calculation method for the operating energy consumption economy index of a hydrogen fuel cell heavy truck to overcome the above technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A calculation method for the operating energy consumption economy index of a hydrogen fuel cell heavy truck includes the following steps:

[0007] S1: When the vehicle is in the ready-to-power-on state, obtain the hydrogen storage capacity that the hydrogen storage tank in the vehicle's hydrogen storage system can hold and the maximum charging capacity of the power battery; when the vehicle is refueling hydrogen and charging at a hydrogen refueling station and a charging station, obtain the price of each liter of hydrogen refueling and the price of each degree of charging at the current location of the vehicle.

[0008] S2: When the vehicle is in the ready-to-power-on state, according to the hydrogen storage capacity that the hydrogen storage tank in the vehicle's hydrogen storage system can hold, the maximum charging capacity of the power battery, the price of each liter of hydrogen refueling and the price of each degree of charging at the current location of the vehicle, obtain the total cost of hydrogen refueling, the total cost of charging the power battery to obtain the total charging cost, and then obtain the average charging cost per kilometer.

[0009] S3: When the vehicle is in the running state, obtain the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage tank and the power consumption of the power battery during the current sampling period considering the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank, so as to obtain the operating energy consumption economic cost of hydrogen and the power battery during the current sampling period and the total operating energy consumption economic cost during the current sampling period; furthermore, obtain the average operating energy consumption cost per kilometer of the vehicle during the current sampling period.

[0010] S4: According to the average operating energy consumption cost per kilometer of the vehicle during the current sampling period, obtain the economic cost data change curve with time as the abscissa and the average operating energy consumption cost per kilometer as the ordinate.

[0011] S5: Respectively obtain the energy conversion efficiency when the vehicle is in the preparation waiting and parking state, when the output power of the vehicle does not exceed the rated power, and when the output power of the vehicle is higher than the rated power, so as to obtain the total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle.

[0012] S6: According to the economic cost data change curve, the average charging cost per kilometer, and the total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle, complete the calculation of the operating energy consumption economy index of the hydrogen fuel cell heavy vehicle for the driver to evaluate the economy of the vehicle subsequently.

[0013] Further, in S2, the formula for obtaining the total hydrogen refueling cost is as follows:

[0014] C hy =m chy ×ΔC hy

[0015] In the formula: C hy represents the total hydrogen refueling cost; m chy represents the hydrogen storage capacity that the hydrogen storage tank in the hydrogen storage system of the vehicle can accommodate before the vehicle is powered on for preparation; ΔC hy represents the price of refueling per liter of hydrogen at the current location of the vehicle.

[0016] The formula for obtaining the total charging cost is as follows:

[0017] C cbat =E cbat ×ΔC ch

[0018] In the formula: C cbat represents the total power battery charging cost; E cbat represents the maximum charging power of the power battery of the vehicle before the vehicle is powered on for preparation; ΔC ch represents the real-time price per degree of charging.

[0019] C=C hy +C cbat

[0020] Where: C represents the total cost of charging; C hy represents the total cost of hydrogen refueling;

[0021] The formula for obtaining the average charging cost per kilometer is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] Where: C av represents the average charging cost per kilometer; d N represents the rated cruising range.

[0024] Furthermore, in the step S3, the formula for obtaining the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage tank within the current sampling period is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Where: P t0 represents the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank at the end of the previous sampling period, P t1 represents the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank at the end of the current sampling period; T t0 represents the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank at the end of the previous sampling period, T t1 represents the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank at the end of the current sampling period; Z to represents the hydrogen compression factor under the temperature and pressure conditions at the end of the previous sampling period; Z t1 represents the hydrogen compression factor under the temperature and pressure conditions at the end of the current sampling period; V represents the volume of the hydrogen storage tank; R represents the ideal gas constant; Δm hy1 represents the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage tank in the hydrogen storage system within the current sampling period; m represents the mass of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank.

[0027] Furthermore, in the step S3, the formula for obtaining the operating energy consumption economic cost of hydrogen and the power battery within the current sampling period is as follows:

[0028] ΔC hy1 = ΔC hy ×Δm hy1

[0029] ΔC ch1 = ΔC ch ×ΔE bat1

[0030] Where: ΔC hy1 represents the hydrogen energy consumption economic cost within the current sampling period; ΔC ch1 represents the operating energy consumption economic cost of the power battery within the current sampling period; ΔC ch represents the real-time price per degree of charging; ΔC hyIndicates the price of hydrogen refueling per liter at the current location of the vehicle; Δm hy1 Indicates the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage tank during the current sampling period; ΔE bat1 Indicates the power consumption of the power battery during the current sampling period;

[0031] The formula for obtaining the total economic cost of operating energy consumption during the current sampling period is as follows:

[0032] ΔC 1 = ΔC hy1 + ΔC ch1

[0033] In the formula: ΔC 1 Indicates the total economic cost of operating energy consumption during the current sampling period;

[0034] The formula for obtaining the average operating energy consumption cost per kilometer of the vehicle during the current sampling period is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] In the formula: d 1 Indicates the driving mileage during the current sampling period; d 0 Indicates the driving mileage of the previous sampling period.

[0037] Furthermore, in S5, the formula for obtaining the energy conversion efficiency when the vehicle is in the preparation waiting and parking state is as follows:

[0038] η a (t) = η 2 (t)η 3 (t)η 4 (t)

[0039] In the formula: η a (t) indicates the energy conversion efficiency when the vehicle is in the preparation waiting and parking state; η 2 (t) indicates the efficiency of the power battery; η 3 (t) indicates the efficiency of the drive motor; η 4 (t) indicates the efficiency of the mechanical transmission mechanism;

[0040] The formula for obtaining the energy conversion efficiency when the output power of the vehicle does not exceed the rated power is as follows:

[0041]

[0042] In the formula: η b (t) indicates the energy conversion efficiency when the output power of the vehicle does not exceed the rated power; B(t) indicates the hydrogen consumption per hour; CH 2 Indicates the specific heat value of hydrogen; η 1(t) represents the efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell; N 2 (t) represents the output power of the vehicle; h μ represents the low calorific value of hydrogen; N 1 (t) represents the output power of the power battery; Δm hy represents the hydrogen consumption within a unit sampling period; Δt represents the sampling period;

[0043] The formula for obtaining the energy conversion efficiency when the output power of the vehicle is higher than the rated power is as follows:

[0044] η c (t) = η 1 (t)η 3 (t)η 4 (t)

[0045] In the formula: η c (t) represents the energy conversion efficiency when the output power is higher than the rated power; η 1 (t) represents the efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell; η 3 (t) represents the efficiency of the drive motor; η 4 (t) represents the efficiency of the mechanical transmission mechanism;

[0046] The calculation formula for the total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle is:

[0047]

[0048] In the formula: η z (t) represents the total vehicle efficiency; t a represents the time when the vehicle is in the ready-to-wait and parked state; t b represents the time when the output power of the vehicle is not higher than the rated power state; t c represents the time when the output power of the vehicle is higher than the rated power state.

[0049] Further, after S6, it further includes:

[0050] S7: Display the economic cost data change curve, the average charging cost per kilometer, and the total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle through the display screen of the vehicle electronic device.

[0051] Beneficial effects: The calculation method of the operating energy consumption economy index of a hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle according to the present invention calculates the total hydrogen refueling cost and the total power battery charging cost when the vehicle is in the fully prepared and powered-on state to obtain the total energy charging cost, and further obtains the average energy charging cost per kilometer considering the price of hydrogen refueling per liter and the price of charging per degree at the current location of the vehicle; when the vehicle is in the operating state, considering the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank, the average operating energy consumption cost per kilometer of the vehicle in the current sampling period is obtained, and then the economic cost data change curve is obtained; at the same time, through the energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle when it is in the fully prepared waiting and parking state, when the output power of the vehicle does not exceed the rated power, and when the output power of the vehicle is higher than the rated power, the total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle is obtained; finally, based on the economic cost data change curve, the average energy charging cost per kilometer and the total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle, the calculation of the operating energy consumption economy index of the hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle is completed. When calculating the economic index, the present invention fully considers the actual situation of the vehicle location and environmental factors such as temperature and road conditions during vehicle operation, obtains multiple economic indexes for the driver to subsequently evaluate the economy of the vehicle, and the reliability of the calculation results of the economic indexes is high, so that the driver's analysis of the vehicle economy and health is more in line with the actual situation of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0053] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the calculation method of the operating energy consumption economy index of the heavy-duty vehicle according to the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the power train of the hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 It is an energy flow chart of the hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the operating energy consumption economy analyzer of the hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle in the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0057] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] This embodiment discloses a calculation method for the operation energy consumption economy index of a hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle, as Figure 1 shown, including the following steps:

[0059] S1: When the vehicle is in the ready-to-power-on state, obtain the hydrogen storage capacity m chy that the hydrogen storage tank in the vehicle's hydrogen storage system can accommodate and the maximum charging capacity E cbat of the power battery through an analyzer; when the vehicle is being refueled with hydrogen and charged at a hydrogen filling station and a charging station, obtain the price ΔC hy per liter of hydrogen refueling and the price ΔC ch per degree of charging at the current location of the vehicle;

[0060] S2: When the vehicle is in the ready-to-power-on state, according to the hydrogen storage capacity m chy that the hydrogen storage tank in the vehicle's hydrogen storage system can accommodate, the maximum charging capacity E cbat of the power battery, the price ΔC hy per liter of hydrogen refueling, and the price ΔC ch per degree of charging at the current location of the vehicle, obtain the total cost C hy of hydrogen refueling, the total cost C cbat of power battery charging, so as to obtain the total refueling cost C, and then obtain the average refueling cost C av per kilometer;

[0061] Preferably, the formula for obtaining the total cost of hydrogen refueling is as follows:

[0062] C hy = m chy ×ΔC hy

[0063] In the formula: C hy represents the total cost of hydrogen refueling; m chy represents the hydrogen storage capacity that the hydrogen storage tank in the vehicle's hydrogen storage system can accommodate before the vehicle is ready to power on; ΔC hy represents the price per liter of hydrogen refueling at the current location of the vehicle;

[0064] The formula for obtaining the total charging cost is as follows:

[0065] Ccbat = E cbat × ΔC ch

[0066] Where: C cbat represents the total cost of charging the power battery; E cbat represents the maximum charging capacity of the power battery before the vehicle is fully prepared and powered on; ΔC ch represents the real-time price per degree of charging;

[0067] C = C hy + C cbat

[0068] Where: C represents the total cost of energy charging; C hy represents the total cost of hydrogen refueling;

[0069] Combined with the rated cruising range d N , calculate the average energy charging cost C per kilometer av ;

[0070]

[0071] Where: C av represents the average energy charging cost per kilometer; d N represents the rated cruising range;

[0072] Specifically, the calculation method of the heavy vehicle operation energy consumption economy index in this embodiment is particularly applicable to heavy vehicles with an output power of more than 270 kW and a maximum design total mass of more than 350 kg. Figure 2 shows the structural schematic diagram of the power train of the hydrogen fuel cell heavy vehicle in this embodiment. Considering the local hydrogen refueling price per liter △C hy and the floating electricity price C 0 / (kW·h) of industrial electricity and the real-time price C of each degree of charging affected by the standard electricity price C B / (kW·h), where the floating electricity price C t / (kW·h) has the following calculation formula: 0 / (kW·h) is:

[0073]

[0074] Where: k represents the relative voltage level; represents the absolute voltage level; c 1 , c 2 are both price regulation coefficients, reflecting the relative voltage level k of v t and the proportion of the absolute voltage level in the floating electricity price, which is regulated by the local power supply company. Among them, v t represents the node voltage quality; C0 Indicates the floating electricity price; C B Indicates the standard electricity price;

[0075] Specifically, the node voltage quality v t The calculation formula for the relative voltage level k is as follows:

[0076]

[0077] In the formula: n represents the number of charging stations in the area; i represents the number of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles being charged; v i Represents the average node voltage quality of the area; v t Represents the node voltage quality of the charging station;

[0078] When k is negative, it indicates that the node voltage quality v t Is higher than the average level, and the floating electricity price is deducted on the basis of the standard electricity price as a reward factor.

[0079] Specifically, the node voltage quality v t The absolute voltage level of is represented by Indicates:

[0080] When v t Is greater than or equal to ≥0.98, it indicates that v t Has good quality,

[0081] When 0.96 ≤ v t <0.98, it indicates that v t Has medium quality,

[0082] When v t <0.96, it indicates that v t Has poor quality,

[0083] Considering the floating electricity price C 0 / (kW·h) and the standard electricity price C B / (kW·h) to calculate the real-time electricity price C t For each degree of charging during the charging process is as follows:

[0084] C t =C B +C 0

[0085] Specifically, since the total charging cost C is calculated based on various economic cost indicators during the charging process of the vehicle, and this value is a fixed value during the entire operation of the vehicle, it is used as a reference index for analyzing the energy consumption economy of the vehicle during operation.

[0086] S3: When the vehicle is in the running state, obtain the hydrogen consumption Δm of the hydrogen storage tank within the sampling period of the current system data considering the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank hy1 and the power consumption ΔE of the power battery bat1 , so as to obtain the operating energy consumption economic cost of hydrogen and the power battery within the current sampling period and the total operating energy consumption economic cost ΔC within the current sampling period 1 ; furthermore, obtain the average operating energy consumption cost per kilometer ΔC of the vehicle within the current sampling period 1av ;

[0087] Specifically, when the vehicle is in the running state, read the hydrogen consumption Δm of the hydrogen storage tank in the hydrogen storage system within a sampling period of the system data through an analyzer hy1 and the power consumption ΔE of the power battery bat1 : Through the flowmeter installed at the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storage tank and the watt-hour meter in the combined instrument, collect the hydrogen consumption Δm of the hydrogen storage tank in the hydrogen storage system within the current sampling period hy1 and the power consumption ΔE of the power battery bat1 , thereby calculating the operating energy consumption economic cost and total cost of hydrogen and the power battery within the current sampling period, and comparing the current sampling period with d at the end of the previous sampling period 1 and d 0 , and calculate the average operating energy consumption cost per kilometer ΔC within the current sampling period 1av ;

[0088] Preferably,

[0089]

[0090] In the formula: P t0 represents the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank at the end of the previous sampling period, and P t1 represents the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank at the end of the current sampling period; T t0 represents the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank at the end of the previous sampling period, and T t1 represents the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank at the end of the current sampling period; Z to represents the hydrogen compression factor under the temperature and pressure conditions at the end of the previous sampling period; Z t1 represents the hydrogen compression factor under the temperature and pressure conditions at the end of the current sampling period; V represents the volume of the hydrogen storage tank; R represents the ideal gas constant; Δm hy1 represents the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage tank in the hydrogen storage system within the current sampling period; m represents the mass of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank;

[0091] In this embodiment, the power consumption ΔE of the power battery bat1The acquisition method is that the battery management system of the heavy truck sends the "cumulative discharge power" data to the vehicle controller through the CAN bus, and then the power consumption of the power battery is obtained.

[0092] According to the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage tank in the hydrogen storage system and the power consumption of the power battery during the current sampling period, the following formula is used to calculate the operating energy consumption economic cost of hydrogen and the power battery during the current sampling period;

[0093] ΔC hy1 =ΔC hy ×Δm hy1

[0094] ΔC ch1 =ΔC ch ×ΔE bat1

[0095] In the formula: ΔC hy1 represents the hydrogen energy consumption economic cost during the current sampling period; ΔC ch1 represents the operating energy consumption economic cost of the power battery during the current sampling period; ΔC ch represents the real-time price per degree of charging; ΔC hy represents the price per liter of hydrogen refueling at the current location of the vehicle; Δm hy1 represents the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage tank during the current sampling period; ΔE bat1 represents the power consumption of the power battery during the current sampling period;

[0096] The formula for calculating the total economic cost of operating energy consumption during the current sampling period is as follows:

[0097] ΔC 1 =ΔC hy1 +ΔC ch1

[0098] In the formula: ΔC 1 represents the total economic cost of operating energy consumption during the current sampling period;

[0099] Specifically, in this embodiment, the fuel cell controller transmits the cumulative driving mileage of the vehicle to the analyzer through CAN communication to obtain the driving mileage d during the current sampling period 1 , and compares it with the driving mileage d during the previous sampling period 0 , and the average operating energy consumption cost per kilometer ΔC of the vehicle during the current sampling period 1av ;

[0100]

[0101] In the formula: d 1 represents the driving mileage during the current sampling period; d 0Represents the driving mileage in the previous upsampling period;

[0102] Calculate the operating energy consumption cost within the sampling period of each system data according to the same steps.

[0103] S4: Obtain the change curve of economic cost data with time as the abscissa and the average operating energy consumption cost per kilometer as the ordinate according to the average operating energy consumption cost per kilometer of the vehicle in the current sampling period;

[0104] Specifically, in this embodiment, the hydrogen consumption △m of the hydrogen storage tank in the hydrogen storage system in the next sampling period is read hy2 , the power consumption △E of the power battery bat2 , combined with the driving mileage d in the next sampling period 2 , calculate the average operating energy consumption cost △C per kilometer in the next sampling period 2av , and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0105]

[0106] Specifically, in this embodiment, the analyzer continuously collects and calculates the average operating energy consumption cost per kilometer in each sampling time period, plots the economic cost data into a change curve, and displays it together with the average charging cost per kilometer on the analyzer of the combined instrument in the vehicle cab. Among them, plotting the economic cost data into a change curve is an in-built function of the analyzer, and this embodiment only uses its function and will not be described in detail here.

[0107] Specifically, during the subsequent operation of the vehicle, the analyzer continuously calculates the average operating energy consumption cost per kilometer in the collected fixed time period (i.e., each sampling period) based on the hydrogen consumption, power consumption of the power battery, and driving mileage. The above economic cost indicators will form a change curve and be displayed together with the average charging cost per kilometer on the analyzer of the combined instrument in the vehicle cab. The driver can judge the economic cost and usage safety of the current operating state of the vehicle by comparing the trend of the data curve on the screen.

[0108] S5: Obtain the energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle when it is in the preparation waiting and parking state, when the output power of the vehicle does not exceed the rated power, and when the output power of the vehicle is higher than the rated power, respectively, to obtain the total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle;

[0109] Specifically, this embodiment is based on Figure 3 The energy flow diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle, considering the energy conversion efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell, power battery, drive motor, and transmission mechanism, calculates the energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle in the preparation waiting and parking state, low load and normal load state, and heavy load state.

[0110] According to the energy flow chart of the hydrogen fuel cell heavy truck, the energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle is calculated and analyzed. During the operation of the vehicle, the environment and road conditions will affect the working states of various components of the power system, and their energy conversion efficiencies are also different. Moreover, the energy conversion efficiency of the transmission mechanism is affected by the vehicle load, driving speed, and lubrication. Since whether the vehicle is being tested or used, the road conditions of the vehicle are measured according to the load of the vehicle, and there is a proportional relationship between the load of the vehicle and the output power of the vehicle. Therefore, in this embodiment, the total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle is calculated by the energy conversion efficiency under different output power states of the vehicle:

[0111] (1) When the vehicle is in the state of being ready for use and parked, only the power battery is working at this time, B(t) = 0, where B(t) represents the hydrogen consumption per hour (kg / h);

[0112] η a (t) = η 2 (t)η 3 (t)η 4 (t)

[0113] In the formula: η a (t) represents the energy conversion efficiency when the vehicle is in the state of being ready for use and parked; η 2 (t) represents the efficiency of the power battery; η 3 (t) represents the efficiency of the drive motor; η 4 (t) represents the efficiency of the mechanical transmission mechanism;

[0114] (2) When the output power of the vehicle does not exceed the rated power, the vehicle is in the low-load and normal-load states at this time, that is, both the hydrogen fuel cell and the power battery of the vehicle are working, N 1 (t) > 0, 0 < χ 1 (t) < 1, where N 1 (t) represents the output power of the power battery; χ 1 (t) represents the power distribution ratio;

[0115]

[0116] In the formula: η b (t) represents the energy conversion efficiency when the output power of the vehicle does not exceed the rated power; B(t) represents the hydrogen consumption per hour (kg / h); represents the specific heat value of hydrogen (J / kg); η 1 (t) represents the efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell; N 2 (t) represents the output power of the vehicle; h μ represents the low calorific value of hydrogen; N 1(t) represents the output power of the power battery; Δm hy represents the hydrogen consumption within a unit sampling period; Δt represents the sampling period;

[0117] (3) When the output power of the vehicle is higher than the rated power, that is, when the vehicle is in a heavy load state, at this time, only the hydrogen fuel cell is in operation, N 1 (t) = 0, χ 1 (t) = 1

[0118] η c (t) = η 1 (t)η 3 (t)η 4 (t)

[0119] In the formula: η c (t) represents the energy conversion efficiency when the output power is higher than the rated power; η 1 (t) represents the efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell; η 3 (t) represents the efficiency of the drive motor; η 4 (t) represents the efficiency of the mechanical transmission mechanism;

[0120] The calculation formula for the total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle is:

[0121]

[0122] In the formula: η z (t) represents the total vehicle efficiency; t a represents the time when the vehicle is in the ready-to-go and parked state; t b represents the time when the output power of the vehicle is not higher than the rated power, that is, the time when the vehicle is in the low load and normal load states; t c represents the time when the output power of the vehicle is higher than the rated power, that is, the time when the vehicle is in the heavy load state;

[0123] Specifically, after being processed by the electronic device, the total energy conversion efficiency index of the vehicle in this embodiment, together with economic indexes such as the average running energy consumption cost per kilometer, is displayed on the display screen of the electronic device as a reference index for the driver to view the economic and healthy conditions of the vehicle operation.

[0124] S6: According to the economic cost data change curve, the average charging cost C per kilometer av and the total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle, complete the calculation of the running energy consumption economic indexes of the hydrogen fuel cell heavy vehicle for the driver to evaluate the economy of the vehicle subsequently.

[0125] Specifically, the electronic device for calculating and comparing the energy consumption economy of a vehicle in this embodiment is installed on the combined instrument in the cab. The analyzer is used to execute the calculation and analysis method for the operation economy of a hydrogen fuel cell heavy vehicle. Its main structure includes a processor, a memory, a user interface, a maintenance interface, and a communication bus. As Figure 4 shown, the processor therein is responsible for calculating the data of each economic index and drawing a comparison curve.

[0126] Specifically, the endurance output of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle in this embodiment is jointly provided by the hydrogen fuel cell and the power battery. After being processed by the DC-DC converter and the DC-AC converter, it is transmitted to the drive motor. The drive motor drives the transmission structure to make the wheels run. After being boosted and inverted by each level of converter, it drives the transmission mechanism and the drive motor to move. During the vehicle operation, the communication of each sub-device is realized through the CAN bus. The CAN bus network communicates with each component of the drive system.

[0127] Preferably, after S6, it further includes: S7: Display the economic cost data change curve, the average charging cost per kilometer, and the total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle through the display screen of the vehicle electronic device.

[0128] Specifically, the analyzer for reflecting the energy consumption economy of a vehicle in this embodiment mainly includes a processor, a memory, a user interface, a maintenance interface, and a communication bus. The processor is used for calculating each economic cost index and drawing a change curve. The memory stores the program codes required for data processing and image processing. The maintenance interface is used for engineers to maintain, facilitating the maintenance engineer to modify and maintain the internal program codes and operating systems of the device. The communication bus is used for the communication of all devices. The user interface is provided for the user to input data. The user interface consists of a display screen and a keyboard, mainly providing an interface for the user to input data and view output data. The user can input the hydrogen filling price per liter △C hy and the charging price per degree △C ch at the moment of vehicle charging according to the actual situation, and can also add a Bluetooth device through the wireless interface. The display screen will show the average running energy consumption cost curve per kilometer and the total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle in the ready-to-power-on state and the running state.

[0129] Specifically, the processor in this embodiment includes a main processor which is connected to various components inside the analyzer through respective interfaces and a communication bus. By executing the program code in the memory, the main processor calculates and analyzes the signals collected by each sensor and the fuel cell controller. The main processor integrates a central processing unit (CPU) and a graphics processing unit (GPU). The CPU is responsible for calculating the data of the average running energy consumption cost per kilometer and the total energy conversion efficiency, and the GPU is responsible for plotting the change curves of each economic index.

[0130] Specifically, based on the calculation and analysis method for the running energy consumption economy of the hydrogen fuel cell heavy truck in this embodiment, an electronic device is designed and installed on the combined instrument in the cab to monitor the running energy consumption economy of the current running state of the vehicle. During the running of the vehicle, the display screen can display the curves of the average charging cost and the average running energy consumption cost, as well as the energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle running.

[0131] In view of the problem that the running energy consumption economy of the current hydrogen fuel cell heavy truck cannot be directly observed, this embodiment directly calculates, analyzes and displays the running energy consumption economy index of the vehicle. Through the running energy consumption economic cost and energy conversion efficiency index on the display screen, the driver and technicians can directly monitor the economy of the current running state of the vehicle.

[0132] This embodiment uses an analyzer that can reflect the running energy consumption economy of the vehicle to display the data and change curves of the economic cost, serving as a device for the driver to monitor the running energy consumption economy of the vehicle. The calculation method for the running energy consumption economy in this embodiment can realize the calculation of the running energy consumption economy of the hydrogen fuel cell heavy truck under different road conditions and load conditions, which is beneficial for the driver to observe the current vehicle usage economy and health.

[0133] In the calculation method for the running energy consumption economy index of a hydrogen fuel cell heavy truck in this embodiment, when calculating the economic index, the actual situation of the location where the vehicle is located and environmental factors such as temperature and road conditions during the vehicle running are fully considered, and multiple economic indexes are obtained for the driver to evaluate the economy of the vehicle subsequently. The reliability of the calculation results of the economic indexes is high, so that the analysis of the vehicle economy and health by the driver is more in line with the actual situation of the vehicle. The running energy consumption economy of the vehicle is calculated and analyzed by calculating the hydrogen consumption per kilometer and power consumption per kilometer, the total economic cost of running energy consumption per kilometer, and the energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle running. Compared with the traditional calculation method for the economic indexes of heavy trucks, this embodiment can calculate each running energy consumption economy index when the vehicle is in different road conditions, the data reliability is high, and the change curve of the running cost is displayed on the display screen, making the running situation of the vehicle more intuitive and convenient for the driver and technicians to monitor.

[0134] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the energy consumption economic index of hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicles, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: When the car is in the state of preparation and power-on, the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank in the hydrogen storage system of the car and the maximum charging capacity of the power battery are obtained; when the car is being charged at a hydrogen filling station and a charging station, the hydrogen filling price per liter and the charging price per kilowatt-hour at the current location of the car are obtained; S2: When the vehicle is in a state of preparation and power-on, the total cost of hydrogen filling and the total cost of power battery charging are obtained according to the hydrogen storage capacity that can be contained in the hydrogen storage tank in the hydrogen storage system of the vehicle, the maximum charging capacity of the power battery, the hydrogen filling price per liter and the charging price per kilowatt-hour at the current location of the vehicle to obtain the total charging cost, and then obtain the average charging cost per kilometer; S3: When the vehicle is in operation, the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage tank and the power consumption of the power battery in the current sampling period are obtained taking into account the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank, so as to obtain the economic cost of the operating energy consumption of hydrogen and the power battery in the current sampling period and the total economic cost of the operating energy consumption in the current sampling period; and then the average operating energy consumption cost per kilometer of the vehicle in the current sampling period is obtained; S4: according to the average running energy consumption cost per kilometer of the automobile in the current sampling period, obtain an economic cost data change curve with time as the horizontal axis and the average running energy consumption cost per kilometer as the vertical axis; S5: respectively obtaining energy conversion efficiencies when the vehicle is in a waiting state and a parking state, when the output power of the vehicle is not higher than the rated power, and when the output power of the vehicle is higher than the rated power, so as to obtain a total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle; S6: Based on the economic cost data change curve, the average charging cost per kilometer and the total energy conversion efficiency of the vehicle, the calculation of the energy consumption economic index of the hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle is completed, so that the driver can subsequently evaluate the economy of the vehicle.

2. The method for calculating the energy consumption economic index of a hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S2, the formula used to obtain the total cost of hydrogen refueling is as follows: C hy =m chy ×ΔC hy Where: C hy represents the total cost of hydrogen refueling; m chy Indicates the amount of hydrogen that can be stored in the hydrogen storage tank in the hydrogen storage system before the vehicle is conditioned and powered on; ΔC hy Indicates the hydrogen refueling price per liter at the current location of the car; The formula used to obtain the total charging cost is as follows: C cbat =And cbat ×ΔC ch Where: C cbat Represents the total cost of charging the power battery; E cbat Indicates the maximum charge capacity of the power battery before the vehicle is powered on; ΔC ch Indicates the real-time charging price per kilowatt-hour; C=C hy +C cbat Where: C represents the total cost of charging; C hy represents the total cost of hydrogen refueling; The formula used to obtain the average charging cost per kilometer is as follows: Where: C av represents the average charging cost per kilometer; d N Indicates the rated cruising range.

3. The method for calculating the energy consumption economic index of a hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S3, the formula used to obtain the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage tank in the current sampling period is as follows: Where: P t0 Indicates the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank at the end of the previous sampling period, P t1 Indicates the pressure in the hydrogen storage tank at the end of the current sampling period; T t0 Indicates the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank at the end of the previous sampling period, T t1 Indicates the temperature of the hydrogen storage tank at the end of the current sampling period; Z to Indicates the hydrogen compression factor under the temperature and pressure conditions at the end of the previous sampling period; Z t1 Indicates the hydrogen compression factor under the temperature and pressure conditions at the end of the current sampling period; V represents the volume of the hydrogen storage tank; R represents the ideal gas constant; Δm hy1 It indicates the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage tank in the hydrogen storage system during the current sampling period; m indicates the mass of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank.

4. The method for calculating the energy consumption economic index of a hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In S3, the formula used to obtain the economic cost of hydrogen and power battery operation energy consumption in the current sampling period is as follows: ΔC hy1 =ΔC hy ×Δm hy1 ΔC ch1 =ΔC ch ×ΔE bat1 Where: ΔC hy1 Indicates the economic cost of hydrogen energy consumption during the current sampling period; ΔC ch1 Indicates the economic cost of the operating energy consumption of the power battery in the current sampling period; ΔC ch Indicates the real-time charging price per kilowatt-hour; ΔC hy Indicates the hydrogen refueling price per liter at the current location of the car; Δm hy1 Indicates the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen storage tank during the current sampling period; ΔE bat1 Indicates the power consumption of the power battery in the current sampling period; The formula used to obtain the total economic cost of operating energy consumption during the current sampling period is as follows: ΔC1=ΔC hy1 +ΔC ch1 Where: ΔC1 represents the total economic cost of operating energy consumption in the current sampling period; The formula used to obtain the average running energy consumption cost per kilometer of the vehicle in the current sampling period is as follows: Where: d1 represents the mileage of the current sampling period; d0 represents the mileage of the previous sampling period.

5. The method for calculating the energy consumption economic index of a hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S5, The formula used to obtain the energy conversion efficiency when the car is in the waiting and parking states is as follows: or a (t)=η2(t)η3(t)η4(t) Where: η a (t) represents the energy conversion efficiency when the vehicle is in the waiting and parking states; η2(t) represents the efficiency of the power battery; η3(t) represents the efficiency of the drive motor; η4(t) represents the efficiency of the mechanical transmission mechanism; The formula used to obtain the energy conversion efficiency when the output power of the vehicle is not higher than the rated power is as follows: Where: η b (t) represents the energy conversion efficiency when the output power of the vehicle is not higher than the rated power; B(t) represents the hydrogen consumption per hour; CH2 represents the specific heat value of hydrogen; η1(t) represents the efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell; N2(t) represents the output power of the vehicle; h μ represents the lower calorific value of hydrogen; N1(t) represents the output power of the power battery; Δm hy Indicates the hydrogen consumption in a unit sampling period; Δt indicates the sampling period; The formula used to obtain the energy conversion efficiency when the output power of the vehicle is higher than the rated power is as follows: η c (t)=η1(t)η3(t)η4(t) Where: η c (t) represents the energy conversion efficiency when the output power is higher than the rated power; η1(t) represents the efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell; η3(t) represents the efficiency of the drive motor; η4(t) represents the efficiency of the mechanical transmission mechanism; The calculation formula for the total energy conversion efficiency of a car is: Where: η z (t) represents the total efficiency of the vehicle; t a Indicates the time the car is in the waiting and parking state; t b Indicates the time when the vehicle's output power is not higher than the rated power; t c Indicates the time when the vehicle's output power is higher than the rated power.

6. The method for calculating the energy consumption economic index of a hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The S6 also includes: S7: The economic cost data change curve, the average charging cost per kilometer and the total energy conversion efficiency of the car are displayed on the display screen of the car's electronic equipment.

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