Offshore wind plant lightning arrester dynamic configuration method based on multi-overvoltage cooperative suppression

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore wind power plant lightning arrester dynamic configuration method based on multi-overvoltage cooperative suppression, and belongs to the field of offshore wind power plant lightning arrester configuration, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining an offshore lightning parameter statistical result; s2, establishing an offshore wind turbine lightning stroke electromagnetic transient simulation model, and obtaining a critical lightning current corresponding to an overvoltage insulation tolerance level on a cable in the offshore wind turbine; s3, calculating to obtain an overvoltage tolerance probability; and S4, on the premise of considering the requirements of an operator, evaluating the lightning protection effects of various lightning arrester configuration schemes based on the overvoltage tolerance probability, and obtaining an optimal lightning arrester configuration scheme. By adopting the dynamic configuration method of the offshore wind plant lightning arrester based on multi-overvoltage collaborative suppression, through quantification of lightning randomness, multi-index collaborative evaluation and cost-lightning protection effect balance, the limitation of a traditional method is solved, and a scientific, flexible and practical decision-making tool is provided for configuration of the offshore wind plant lightning arrester.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of arrester configuration for offshore wind farms, and particularly to a dynamic configuration method for arresters in offshore wind farms based on coordinated suppression of multiple overvoltages. Background Art

[0002] Offshore wind power is an important support for achieving the "dual carbon" goal, and its safe operation directly affects the consumption of new energy. However, since offshore wind turbines are installed on the sea surface and at a relatively high altitude, they are extremely vulnerable to lightning strikes. After being struck by lightning, the lightning current is conducted through the blade downlead to the nacelle and the tower barrel and then enters the sea water. During this process, strong electromagnetic coupling will occur between the wind turbine itself and the adjacent internal equipment, forming a relatively high lightning-induced overvoltage.

[0003] At the same time, since the cables in offshore wind turbines are generally close to the tower barrel, during lightning strikes, the armored layer, shielding layer, and core wire with conductive properties of the cable will generate induced voltages, thereby causing overvoltages between the tower barrel and the armored layer 、overvoltages between the armored layer and the shielding layer 、overvoltages between the shielding layer and the core wire to be relatively large. Therefore, additional arresters need to be configured to suppress the above overvoltages.

[0004] The current arrester configuration technology for offshore wind farms has the following technical defects: 1. Single evaluation dimension: Existing methods mainly focus on the suppression effect of arresters on a single overvoltage (such as the overvoltage between the tower barrel and the armored layer ), and do not systematically analyze the mutual influence of multiple overvoltages ( 、 and ) and their inconsistency with the configuration scheme, making it difficult to accurately evaluate different arrester configuration schemes.

[0005] 2. Insufficient application of lightning parameters: Existing lightning protection designs lack in-depth statistical analysis of offshore lightning characteristics (such as the proportion of different return stroke orders, the distribution of lightning current amplitudes, etc.), resulting in insufficient matching between parameter selection and the actual lightning environment.

[0006] 3. Lack of evaluation indicators: Existing technical specifications still use the overvoltage threshold as the single evaluation criterion, and do not establish a comprehensive evaluation method that combines the overvoltage tolerance ability and the lightning occurrence probability.

[0007] 4. Lack of flexibility in the scheme: Existing arrester configuration methods mostly adopt a fixed configuration mode and do not consider the different requirements of operators for cost-benefit and lightning protection effects. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic configuration method for lightning arresters in an offshore wind farm based on multi-overvoltage collaborative suppression to solve the above technical problems.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dynamic configuration method for lightning arresters in an offshore wind farm based on multi-overvoltage collaborative suppression, including the following steps: S1. Obtain the statistical results of offshore lightning parameters based on the data of the lightning location system; S2. Establish a lightning strike electromagnetic transient simulation model for offshore wind turbines, and conduct lightning strike simulations under multiple strike sequences to obtain the critical lightning current corresponding to the overvoltage insulation withstand level of the cables inside the offshore wind turbines; S3. Substitute the critical lightning current obtained in step S2 into the statistical results of the offshore lightning parameters obtained in step S1 to calculate the overvoltage tolerance probability; S4. On the premise of considering the operator's requirements, evaluate the lightning protection effects of multiple lightning arrester configuration schemes based on the overvoltage tolerance probability obtained in step S3 to obtain the optimal lightning arrester configuration scheme.

[0010] Preferably, the statistical results of the offshore lightning parameters described in step S1 include the proportion of multiple strike sequences and the lightning current amplitude distribution corresponding to the proportion of multiple strike sequences respectively. The lightning current amplitude cumulative probability is obtained by fitting the lightning current amplitudes corresponding to multiple strike sequences using the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability function in IEEE; Among them, the proportion of each strike sequence includes the proportion of positive single lightning strikes , the proportion of negative single lightning strikes , the proportion of positive first strikes , the proportion of negative first strikes , the proportion of positive subsequent strikes , the proportion of negative subsequent strikes ; The lightning current amplitude cumulative probability includes the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability of positive single lightning strikes , the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability of negative single lightning strikes , the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability of positive first strikes , the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability of negative first strikes , the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability of positive subsequent strikes , the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability of negative subsequent strikes .

[0011] Preferably, the expression of the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability function is as follows: (1); In the formula, represents the lightning current amplitude Probability of exceeding the critical lightning current ; is the lightning current amplitude parameter; is the shape parameter.

[0012] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21. Use PSCAD electromagnetic transient simulation software for segmented modeling to obtain a lightning strike electromagnetic transient simulation model of an offshore wind turbine: Establish a chain equivalent circuit for the blade downlead, moving contact part, nacelle, tower barrel, and cable of the offshore wind turbine respectively; Model the lightning arrester and surge protector using a non-linear resistor; Model the transformer in the nacelle using a high-frequency model; Use the ground capacitance to equivalent the high-frequency characteristics during the lightning strike of the switchgear at the bottom of the tower barrel; Use Comsol finite element software to calculate the coupling capacitance between the tower barrel and the cable armor layer, between the cable armor layer and the shielding layer, between the cable shielding layers, and between the cable shielding layer and the core wire; Use the Heidler function to simulate the lightning current waveform, and set the lightning current waveform corresponding to a single positive lightning strike to 22 / 230 μs, the lightning current waveform corresponding to a single negative lightning strike to 2.6 / 50 μs, the lightning current waveform corresponding to the first positive return stroke to 10 / 350 μs, the lightning current waveform corresponding to the first negative return stroke to 1 / 200 μs, and the lightning current waveforms corresponding to both positive and negative subsequent return strokes to 0.25 / 100 μs; S22. Based on the lightning strike electromagnetic transient simulation model of the offshore wind turbine, conduct lightning strike simulations under various lightning current waveforms to obtain the overvoltage between the tower barrel and the armor layer , the overvoltage between the armor layer and the shielding layer , the overvoltage between the shielding layer and the core wire The critical lightning current when the insulation withstand strength is reached.

[0013] Preferably, in step S21, the set segmented length during modeling is related to the maximum cut-off frequency of the lightning current: (2); In the formula, is the upper cut-off frequency of the lightning current, with the unit of MHZ; is the speed of light.

[0014] Preferably, in step S3, the overvoltage withstand probability The calculation formula is as follows: (3); In the formula, and in is overvoltage 、 or ; is the proportion of the th return stroke order; is the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability obtained by substituting the critical lightning current corresponding to the proportion of the return stroke order into the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability function.

[0015] Preferably, in step S4, based on 、 and corresponding overvoltage withstand probabilities 、 、 , evaluate the lightning protection effect, and considering the operating cost of the operator, determine the optimal arrester configuration scheme.

[0016] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned dynamic configuration method of arresters for offshore wind farms based on multi-overvoltage collaborative suppression, and the beneficial effects are as follows: 1. Improve the accuracy of lightning strike simulation: Through segmented modeling techniques (such as the chain equivalent circuits of blade downleads, tower barrels, and cables), accurately capture the lightning strike high-frequency transient characteristics of various overvoltages under different arrester configuration schemes, and achieve refined simulation of the lightning strike process of offshore wind turbines; 2. Optimize the evaluation of lightning protection configuration: Use non-linear resistance modeling for arresters and SPDs (surge protective devices), and use high-frequency models for transformers, which conforms to the actual electrical characteristics of the equipment, effectively simulates the overvoltage suppression process, and provides a scientific evaluation basis for the arrester configuration scheme; 3. Cover multi-scenario lightning strike analysis: Use the Heidler function to simulate the lightning current waveforms of different return stroke orders (such as the first return stroke, subsequent return strokes, etc.), cover a variety of lightning strike scenarios, calculate the critical lightning currents of overvoltages between the tower barrel - armor layer, armor layer - shielding layer, and shielding layer - core wire, and comprehensively evaluate the lightning strike risk of cables inside the wind turbine; 4. Enhance the reliability of the model: Through the combination of PSCAD electromagnetic transient simulation and Comsol finite element software, integrating circuit analysis and electromagnetic field calculation, improve the model's ability to depict complex structures (such as cable layer - layer coupling), and ensure the reliability of the simulation results.

[0017] The following further describes the technical solutions of the present invention in detail through the drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a dynamic configuration method of arresters for offshore wind farms based on multi-overvoltage collaborative suppression according to the present invention; Figure 2Equivalent wiring diagram of the lightning strike electromagnetic transient simulation model for the simulation experiment described in the present invention; Figure 3 Configuration diagrams of 5 types of lightning arresters for the simulation experiment described in the present invention; Figure 4 Overvoltage under 5 types of lightning arrester configuration schemes for the simulation experiment described in the present invention 、 and Maximum value curve graph. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following further describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or server that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0021] The following further describes the implementation manners of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown, a dynamic configuration method for lightning arresters in an offshore wind farm based on multi-overvoltage collaborative suppression includes the following steps: S1. Based on the data of the lightning location system, obtain the statistical results of offshore lightning parameters; The statistical results of the offshore lightning parameters described in step S1 include the proportion of multiple return stroke orders and the lightning current amplitude distributions respectively corresponding to the proportions of multiple return stroke orders. Using the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability function in IEEE, the lightning current amplitudes corresponding to multiple return stroke orders are fitted to obtain the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability; The expression of the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability function is as follows: (1); In the formula, represents the probability that the lightning current amplitude exceeds the critical lightning current ; is the lightning current amplitude parameter, and is in the unit of kA; is the shape parameter.

[0023] Among them, the proportion of each stroke order includes the proportion of positive single lightning strike , the proportion of negative single lightning strike , the proportion of positive first return stroke , the proportion of negative first return stroke , the proportion of positive subsequent return strokes , the proportion of negative subsequent return strokes ; The cumulative probability of lightning current amplitude includes the cumulative probability of lightning current amplitude of positive single lightning strike , the cumulative probability of lightning current amplitude of negative single lightning strike , the cumulative probability of lightning current amplitude of positive first return stroke , the cumulative probability of lightning current amplitude of negative first return stroke , the cumulative probability of lightning current amplitude of positive subsequent return strokes , the cumulative probability of lightning current amplitude of negative subsequent return strokes .

[0024] S2. Establish a lightning electromagnetic transient simulation model for an offshore wind turbine, and conduct lightning simulations under various stroke orders to obtain the critical lightning current corresponding to the overvoltage insulation withstand level on the cable inside the offshore wind turbine; Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21. Use PSCAD electromagnetic transient simulation software to conduct segmented modeling to obtain a lightning electromagnetic transient simulation model for an offshore wind turbine: Establish a chain equivalent circuit for the blade downlead, moving contact part, nacelle, tower barrel, and cable of the offshore wind turbine respectively; in this embodiment, the modeling of the moving contact part considers the equivalent resistance of the connection between the tail of the blade downlead and the hub, the connection between the hub and the nacelle, the connection between the nacelle and the tower barrel, and the capacitive effect of the oil film discharge of the bearing, slip ring, or brush system during the lightning transient process.

[0025] Model the lightning arrester and surge protector using nonlinear resistors; Model the transformer inside the nacelle using a high-frequency model; Use the ground capacitance to simulate the high-frequency characteristics during the lightning process of the switchgear at the bottom of the tower barrel; Use Comsol finite element software to calculate the coupling capacitance between the tower barrel and the cable armor layer, between the cable armor layer and the shielding layer, between the cable shielding layers, and between the cable shielding layer and the core wire; The Heidler function is used to simulate the lightning current waveform. It is set that the lightning current waveform corresponding to a single positive lightning strike is 22 / 230 μs, the lightning current waveform corresponding to a single negative lightning strike is 2.6 / 50 μs, the lightning current waveform corresponding to the first positive return stroke is 10 / 350 μs, the lightning current waveform corresponding to the first negative return stroke is 1 / 200 μs, and the lightning current waveforms corresponding to subsequent positive and negative return strokes are both 0.25 / 100 μs; In step S21, set the segment length during modeling Related to the maximum cut-off frequency of the lightning current: (2); In the formula, is the upper cut-off frequency of the lightning current, with the unit of MHz; is the speed of light.

[0026] S22. Based on the lightning electromagnetic transient simulation model of the offshore wind turbine, conduct lightning simulations under various lightning current waveforms to obtain the overvoltage between the tower barrel and the armor layer , the overvoltage between the armor layer and the shielding layer and the overvoltage between the shielding layer and the core wire The critical lightning current corresponding to reaching the insulation withstand strength.

[0027] S3. Substitute the critical lightning current obtained in step S2 into the statistical results of the offshore lightning parameters obtained in step S1 to calculate the overvoltage tolerance probability; In step S3, the overvoltage tolerance probability The calculation formula is as follows: (3); In the formula, and in is the overvoltage , or ; is the proportion of the th return stroke order; is the cumulative probability of the lightning current amplitude obtained by substituting the critical lightning current corresponding to the proportion of the return stroke order into the cumulative probability function of the lightning current amplitude.

[0028] S4. On the premise of considering the operator's requirements, evaluate the lightning protection effects of various arrester configuration schemes based on the overvoltage tolerance probability obtained in step S3 to obtain the optimal arrester configuration scheme.

[0029] In step S4, based on , and corresponding overvoltage tolerance probability , , , evaluate the lightning protection effect, and considering the area and scale of the operator's wind farm, the transformation cost, and the operation cost, determine the optimal arrester configuration plan. As shown in the following formula: (4); In the formula, is the comprehensive evaluation index; Take , , the minimum value among them, is the lightning strike frequency of the wind farm, in units of times / year, is the maintenance cost and power outage loss caused by the overvoltage limit in a single time, is the cost of the newly added arrester, is the transformation cost, is the depreciation rate, is the annual operation and maintenance cost of the newly added arrester.

[0030] When is closer to 0, it represents the best corresponding plan, which is the optimal arrester configuration plan.

[0031] Simulation experiment Select the data collected by the lightning current positioning system in a certain province from 2014 to 2023 for a total of ten years, and statistically analyze the offshore data to obtain the lightning current parameters, and statistically obtain the proportion of various return stroke orders .

[0032] Table 1 Statistical results of the proportion of various return stroke orders ; Based on the results described in Table 1, Table 2 is obtained after fitting using formula (1).

[0033] Table 2 Fitting results of the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability formula ; Based on the data in Table 2, for a typical design of a 35kV offshore wind turbine, segmented modeling is carried out. Set the maximum cut-off frequency of the lightning current to about 8.56 MHz. Based on formula (2), the maximum segmented length is about 3.5 m, and the offshore wind turbine lightning electromagnetic transient simulation model as shown in Figure 2 is obtained. Set , and The corresponding overvoltage insulation withstand capabilities are 675 kV, 182 kV, and 630 kV respectively. The lightning current amplitudes corresponding to the withstand levels of each return stroke order and , and are obtained, that is, the critical lightning current, as shown in Table 3.

[0034] Table 3 Calculation Results of Critical Lightning Current ; It should be noted that in Table 3, when the critical lightning current > 250 kA, in the subsequent calculation of the cumulative probability of lightning current, the corresponding cumulative probability is considered to be 1. Further calculate the in Equation (3), as shown in Table 4.

[0035] Table 4 Calculation Results ; Based on Table 4 and combined with Equation (3), obtain , , , as shown in Table 5.

[0036] Table 5 Calculation Results ; Configure 5 lightning arrester schemes for the cable as Figure 3 shown (Scheme #1, Scheme #2, Scheme #3, Scheme #4, and Scheme #5). Under the same lightning current, the , and maximum overvoltages on the cable are as Figure 4 shown. It can be seen that under different lightning arrester configuration schemes, , and do not increase or decrease simultaneously. At this time, calculate the , , under the 5 lightning arrester schemes, and the results are shown in Table 6.

[0037] Table 6 Calculation Results of 5 Lightning Arrester Schemes and Without Configuration Calculation Results ; At this time, if the operator requires that , , are all greater than 80%, then select Scheme #2; if the operator requires that , , are all greater than 90%, then select Scheme #5. That is, the operator can select the configuration scheme according to its own risk preference.

[0038] At the same time, the cost can also be further considered according to Equation (4). In this example, there are 36 wind turbines in a wind farm, with a floor area of approximately 30 km 2 , considering different lightning strike densities: 5 times / (km2 * times / year), 10 times / (km 2 * year), then in formula (4), correspond to 150 times / year and 300 times / year respectively; Take 10,000 yuan; is the cost of newly added lightning arresters under different lightning arrester configuration schemes, and each lightning arrester is taken as 800 yuan; is the transformation cost, and each wind turbine is taken as 20,000 yuan; is the depreciation rate, calculated according to the operation life of the lightning arrester of 5 years, and taken as 0.2; is the operation and maintenance cost of the newly added lightning arrester, taken as 150 yuan per arrester per year. Then, under different lightning arrester configuration schemes, different corresponding to are shown in Table 7.

[0039] Table 7 Five lightning arrester schemes and two under calculation results

[0040] The scheme with W closer to 0 is the optimal scheme. In this embodiment, wind farms under two annual lightning strike frequencies of wind farms are considered. When taking 150, select Scheme #3; When taking 300, select Scheme #5; that is, the operator can select the optimal scheme according to the actual lightning activity situation and its related costs in the actual area where it is located.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic configuration of lightning arresters in offshore wind farms based on coordinated suppression of multiple overvoltages, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Obtain statistical results of offshore lightning parameters based on lightning location system data; S2. Establish an electromagnetic transient simulation model for lightning strikes on offshore wind turbines, and conduct lightning strike simulations under various return stroke sequences to obtain the critical lightning current corresponding to the overvoltage insulation tolerance level on the cables in the offshore wind turbines; S3, substituting the critical lightning current obtained in step S2 into the statistical result of offshore lightning parameters obtained in step S1, and calculating the overvoltage tolerance probability; S4. Under the premise of considering the needs of operators, the lightning protection effects of various lightning arrester configuration schemes are evaluated based on the overvoltage tolerance probability obtained in step S3 to obtain the optimal lightning arrester configuration scheme.

2. The method for dynamic configuration of lightning arresters in offshore wind farms based on coordinated suppression of multiple overvoltages according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The offshore lightning parameter statistical results described in step S1 include the proportions of various return stroke orders and the lightning current amplitude distributions corresponding to the proportions of various return stroke orders, and the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability is obtained by fitting the lightning current amplitudes corresponding to various return stroke orders using the lightning current amplitude cumulative probability function in IEEE; Among them, the proportion of each return stroke sequence includes the proportion of positive polarity single lightning strike , Negative polarity single lightning strike ratio , Positive polarity first strike ratio , Negative polarity first strike ratio , Positive polarity follow-up strike ratio , Negative polarity follow-up strike ratio ; The cumulative probability of lightning current amplitude includes the cumulative probability of positive polarity single lightning stroke lightning current amplitude , cumulative probability of negative polarity single lightning current amplitude , cumulative probability of positive polarity first return stroke lightning current amplitude , cumulative probability of negative polarity first return stroke lightning current amplitude , cumulative probability of positive polarity subsequent return stroke lightning current amplitude , cumulative probability of negative polarity subsequent return stroke lightning current amplitude .

3. The method for dynamic configuration of lightning arresters in offshore wind farms based on coordinated suppression of multiple overvoltages according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The lightning current amplitude cumulative probability function expression is as follows: （1）； In the formula, Indicates the lightning current amplitude Exceeding critical lightning current probability; is the lightning current amplitude parameter; is the shape parameter.

4. The method for dynamic configuration of lightning arresters in offshore wind farms based on coordinated suppression of multiple overvoltages according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21. Use PSCAD electromagnetic transient simulation software to perform segmented modeling to obtain the electromagnetic transient simulation model of offshore wind turbine lightning strike: Establish chain equivalent circuits for the down conductors, moving contact parts, nacelles, towers and cables of offshore wind turbine blades respectively; Modeling lightning arresters and surge protectors using nonlinear resistors; Modeling of transformers in the nacelle using high-frequency models; Utilize the high-frequency characteristics of the switchgear at the bottom of the tower during lightning strikes by equivalent capacitance to ground; Comsol finite element software is used to calculate the coupling capacitance between the tower and the cable armor layer, between the cable armor layer and the shield layer, between the shield layers of the cable, and between the cable shield layer and the core wire; The Heidler function is used to simulate the lightning current waveform, and the lightning current waveform corresponding to a single positive lightning stroke is set to 22 / 230μs, the lightning current waveform corresponding to a single negative lightning stroke is set to 2.6 / 50μs, the lightning current waveform corresponding to the first positive return stroke is set to 10 / 350μs, the lightning current waveform corresponding to the first negative return stroke is set to 1 / 200μs, and the lightning current waveform corresponding to subsequent positive and negative return strokes is set to 0.25 / 100μs. S22. Based on the electromagnetic transient simulation model of offshore wind turbine lightning strike, lightning strike simulation under various lightning current waveforms is performed to obtain the overvoltage between the tower and the armor layer. , Overvoltage between armor layer and shield layer And shield-core overvoltage The critical lightning current corresponding to the insulation withstand strength.

5. The method for dynamic configuration of lightning arresters in offshore wind farms based on coordinated suppression of multiple overvoltages according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S21, the segment length during modeling is set Related to the maximum cut-off frequency of lightning current: （2）； In the formula, The upper cut-off frequency of lightning current, in MHZ; The speed of light.

6. The method for dynamic configuration of lightning arresters in offshore wind farms based on coordinated suppression of multiple overvoltages according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the overvoltage tolerance probability The calculation formula is as follows: （3）； In the formula, and In For overvoltage , or ; For the The proportion of response order; The proportion of the order of the response The corresponding critical lightning current is substituted into the cumulative probability function of lightning current amplitude to obtain the cumulative probability of lightning current amplitude.

7. The method for dynamic configuration of lightning arresters in offshore wind farms based on coordinated suppression of multiple overvoltages according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, based on , and Corresponding overvoltage tolerance probability , , , evaluate the lightning protection effect, and consider the operator's operating costs to determine the optimal lightning arrester configuration plan.

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