Tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method and device, and the method comprises the steps: analyzing the cigarette butt recovery condition according to the statistical data of the cigarette butt recovery amount; through the cigarette image data, the cigarette butt is identified, and the cigarette butt is automatically separated from other parts of the cigarette; according to the cigarette end images, all cigarette end brands and corresponding cigarette types are judged; calculating the nicotine recovery content and efficiency of each cigarette butt type according to the cigarette butt types and the nicotine content in the cigarette butt types; matching different nicotine extraction methods according to the brands and types of the cigarette butts to obtain a target nicotine extraction method; when the nicotine extraction cost of a cigarette brand is higher than the income or the environment is polluted, cigarette butts of the brand are eliminated and recycled; and establishing a model to analyze the nicotine content and cost of the cigarette butts treated by different links, and predicting an optimal recovery process. The method can efficiently realize tobacco waste conversion and monitoring, and can be widely applied to the technical field of data processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and particularly to a method and device for converting and monitoring tobacco waste. Background Art

[0002] With the increase in tobacco production, tobacco waste is also increasing continuously. How to effectively convert the useful components in tobacco waste and monitor the pollution of tobacco waste has become an important issue. The traditional method for treating tobacco waste is mainly landfill. Cigarette butts in tobacco waste will release nicotine during the landfill process, polluting the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to treat the nicotine in cigarette butts. Nicotine in cigarette butts has economic value and can be extracted and recycled. Traditional cigarette butt recycling relies on manual sorting, which is inefficient and has an adverse impact on the health of sorting personnel. Nicotine in cigarette butts will pollute the environment. When different types of cigarette butts are mixed for treatment, it is impossible to conduct targeted treatment according to the difference in nicotine content in different types of cigarette butts. In addition, using a single method to extract nicotine from cigarette butts has low efficiency. It is difficult for the traditional method to achieve a balance between environmental protection and economic benefits in cigarette butt treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to propose a method and device for converting and monitoring tobacco waste, in order to solve at least one problem in the prior art. The present invention can efficiently achieve the conversion and monitoring of tobacco waste.

[0004] To achieve the above object, on the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for converting and monitoring tobacco waste, the method includes:

[0005] Obtain cigarette butt recycling data; the cigarette butt recycling data includes cigarette image data, statistical data of the cigarette butt recycling volume and its corresponding attribute data; analyze the cigarette butt recycling situation according to the statistical data of the cigarette butt recycling volume;

[0006] Identify cigarette butts through the cigarette image data, separate the cigarette butts from other parts of the cigarette, and obtain cigarette butt images;

[0007] Judge the cigarette butt brand and type corresponding to each cigarette butt through the identified cigarette butt images;

[0008] Determine the nicotine recovery content and efficiency of each cigarette butt type according to the cigarette butt type and its corresponding nicotine content;

[0009] Match different nicotine extraction methods according to the cigarette butt brand and type to obtain the target nicotine extraction method;

[0010] According to the cigarette butt recycling efficiency and nicotine extraction efficiency corresponding to the target nicotine extraction method, obtain an index of comprehensive evaluation, and judge whether there is a link where the nicotine extraction cost is greater than the benefit or pollutes the environment;

[0011] When the nicotine extraction cost of a cigarette butt brand is greater than the benefit or there is environmental pollution, the recycling of cigarette butts of the corresponding cigarette butt brand is excluded;

[0012] Establish a model to analyze the nicotine content and cost consumption of cigarette butts after being processed in different links, and predict the best recycling process.

[0013] In some embodiments, according to the statistical data of the cigarette butt recycling volume, the cigarette butt recycling situation is analyzed, including the following steps:

[0014] Obtain the attribute data corresponding to the statistical data of the cigarette butt recycling volume; the attribute data includes recycling volume attribute, recycling point location attribute, seasonal attribute, and recycling method attribute;

[0015] According to the recycling volume attribute in the statistical data, determine the total cigarette butt recycling volume, and determine the cigarette butt recycling volume per day, per week, per month, and per year. Compare and analyze the cigarette butt recycling rates for each time period to obtain the trend and changes in cigarette butt recycling;

[0016] According to the recycling point location attribute, determine the cigarette butt recycling volume in different regions or different recycling points, and draw a geographical distribution map or heat map to determine the distribution of cigarette butt recycling points;

[0017] According to the seasonal attribute in the statistical data, determine the seasonal distribution of cigarette butt recycling; further determine the cigarette butt recycling volume in each season, and compare and analyze to obtain the differences and changes in cigarette butt recycling in different seasons;

[0018] According to the recycling method attribute, by counting the recycling volumes of different recycling methods and comparing and analyzing, determine the contribution degree of different recycling methods to cigarette butt recycling.

[0019] In some embodiments, cigarette butt recognition is performed through cigarette image data, and the cigarette butt is separated from other parts of the cigarette to obtain a cigarette butt image, including the following steps:

[0020] Analyze the cigarette butt area in the image as a cigarette butt candidate area through the pixel distribution and density of the cigarette image data;

[0021] Within the cigarette butt candidate area, adjust the image brightness and contrast according to the illumination intensity and angle in the image;

[0022] Obtain the color contrast between the cigarette butt and other parts of the cigarette, and perform image binarization based on the threshold segmentation method;

[0023] Use the Sobel operator to process the binarized image to obtain the edge information of the cigarette butt;

[0024] Based on the edge information, extract the unique texture and surface features of the cigarette butt as the cigarette butt features;

[0025] According to the connectivity between the cigarette butt and other parts of the cigarette, use image connected region analysis to further clarify the position of the cigarette butt; analyze the spatial relationship and distance between the cigarette butt and other parts of the cigarette, and filter out objects that are similar in shape to the cigarette butt but are not the cigarette butt;

[0026] Compare the candidate region of the cigarette butt with the cigarette butt features, and use template matching to confirm the final position of the cigarette butt, and complete the separation of the cigarette butt from other parts of the cigarette.

[0027] In some embodiments, the types of cigarette butts include flue-cured tobacco and blended cigarettes; through the identified cigarette butt images, judge the cigarette butt brands and types corresponding to each cigarette butt, including the following steps:

[0028] Preprocess the input cigarette butt image; the preprocessing includes image denoising, grayscale conversion and edge detection;

[0029] Through image segmentation and HOG feature extraction, separate the logos, trademarks or text information on the preprocessed cigarette butt image from the background, and extract their identification features;

[0030] Compare the extracted identification features with the database of known brands, and use HOG feature extraction to determine the cigarette butt brand corresponding to the cigarette to which the cigarette butt belongs;

[0031] According to the cigarette shape and identification features on the cigarette butt image, judge whether the cigarette butt type is flue-cured tobacco or blended cigarette through HOG feature extraction and K-mean algorithm.

[0032] In some embodiments, the cigarette butt recycling data also includes the sampling test results of the cigarette butts, and the sampling test results include the nicotine content corresponding to the cigarette butts; according to the cigarette butt types and their corresponding nicotine contents, determine the nicotine recycling content and efficiency of each cigarette butt type, including the following steps:

[0033] Based on the classified cigarette butt types, organize a comparison table of cigarette butt types and their nicotine contents according to the sampling test results of the cigarette butts;

[0034] Through the instruction manual of the nicotine extraction equipment, obtain the specific processing efficiency parameters; analyze the equipment efficiency under different environmental conditions, and determine the optimal recycling environmental conditions; correct the actually recycled nicotine content according to the error range of the nicotine content measuring tool GC-FID;

[0035] Based on the comparison table, analyze the collected sample data to determine the average nicotine recovery amount of each cigarette butt type.

[0036] In some embodiments, different nicotine extraction methods are matched according to the cigarette butt brand and type to obtain the target nicotine extraction method, including the following steps:

[0037] Obtain a database of cigarette butt brands and types based on the diversity identification of cigarette butt brands and types;

[0038] Use the K-means algorithm to group the data in the database; based on the nicotine concentration data of cigarette butts of different brands, determine which brands or types of cigarette butts have nicotine above the preset concentration;

[0039] Based on the structural difference data of the cigarette butt material components, as well as the cigarette butt brand and type, screen out the nicotine extraction method;

[0040] Based on the correlation data between the cigarette butt material components and the extraction efficiency, determine the best nicotine extraction method as the target nicotine extraction method; specifically, the following operations are included:

[0041] Adjust the extraction conditions of the determined nicotine extraction method, including the extraction solvent, extraction time, and extraction temperature, to ensure the maximization of the extraction efficiency; through the economic evaluation of the nicotine extraction method, determine the most economically viable extraction method; based on the standardized evaluation of the nicotine concentration of the cigarette butt brand and type, correct and improve the data; also include: evaluate the cost and economic benefits after extraction of each nicotine extraction method, and determine the nicotine extraction method with the best economic benefits.

[0042] In some embodiments, according to the cigarette butt recovery efficiency and nicotine extraction efficiency corresponding to the target nicotine extraction method, obtain an index for comprehensive evaluation, and determine whether there are links where the nicotine extraction cost is greater than the benefit or pollutes the environment, including the following steps:

[0043] Based on the concentration distribution of various chemical components in the cigarette butt recovery and treatment corresponding to the target nicotine extraction method, use PCA to analyze the cigarette butt components to identify key components;

[0044] Through the feasibility and stability analysis of the target nicotine extraction method, optimize the extraction method; specifically, the following operations are included:

[0045] Based on the change in the microbial population distribution in the environmental impact analysis, determine the long-term impact of cigarette butt recovery and treatment on the ecosystem;

[0046] Through the environmental toxicity analysis of the generated waste compared with the raw materials, determine the waste treatment plan;

[0047] Account for the supply chain cost of cigarette butt recovery and treatment to obtain the correlation analysis between the cost and the recovery efficiency;

[0048] Based on the analysis of the influence of the physical structure of cigarette butts on the extraction efficiency, a linear regression algorithm is used to predict the extraction efficiency;

[0049] Among them, when the purity of nicotine after extraction is low or the applicability of downstream applications is poor, the extraction parameters are adjusted; by analyzing the external impurities that may be introduced during the extraction process, a strategy to reduce impurities is determined; if the greenhouse gas emissions generated during the recovery and extraction process exceed the standard, according to the prediction results of the linear regression algorithm, the treatment strategy is adjusted to reduce emissions; the decision tree algorithm is used to optimize the recovery process of nicotine in cigarette butts, removing or optimizing the links where the cost is greater than the benefit or the environment is polluted.

[0050] In some embodiments, when the nicotine extraction cost of a cigarette butt brand is greater than the benefit or there is environmental pollution, the cigarette butt recycling of the corresponding cigarette butt brand is excluded, including the following steps:

[0051] By evaluating the cost of nicotine extraction from the cigarette butts of each cigarette butt brand, the resources and labor costs required during the collection, processing, and extraction processes are obtained;

[0052] Evaluate the economic benefits brought by nicotine extraction, including sales revenue and profit, and judge the benefits of nicotine extraction;

[0053] Evaluate the pollution caused to the environment during the nicotine extraction process of this brand of cigarette butts, and then determine the environmental pollution during the nicotine extraction process;

[0054] By comparing the resource and labor costs, economic benefits, and environmental pollution of nicotine extraction, when the nicotine extraction cost of the cigarette butts of any cigarette butt brand is greater than the benefit or there is environmental pollution, it is judged to exclude the cigarette butt recycling of this cigarette butt brand, otherwise, continue the cigarette butt recycling of this cigarette butt brand.

[0055] In some embodiments, a model is established to analyze the nicotine content and cost of cigarette butts after being processed in different links, and the optimal recovery process is predicted, including the following steps:

[0056] According to the characteristic data of different cigarette butt brands and cigarette butt types, the material data of cigarette butts are obtained; the characteristic data include size, shape, and material properties;

[0057] Different nicotine extraction methods are adopted to obtain the nicotine extraction efficiency under different nicotine extraction methods; the nicotine extraction methods include solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction;

[0058] Different extraction conditions are set for various nicotine extraction methods to obtain the nicotine extraction efficiency data under different extraction conditions and the time required for each processing link; the extraction conditions include temperature, pressure, and time parameters;

[0059] Determine the initial nicotine content of cigarette butts before passing through different treatment steps through sampling and testing;

[0060] Obtain the time required for each treatment step by obtaining the change in nicotine content in cigarette butts through various treatment steps, including biodegradation, dissolution, filtration, and concentration;

[0061] Evaluate the equipment, materials, and energy costs required for each treatment step to determine the treatment cost; and then determine the benefits considering both time and cost, and evaluate the cost-benefit of each treatment step;

[0062] Establish a cigarette butt nicotine recovery model based on the characteristic data, different nicotine extraction methods, extraction conditions, and the mapping relationship between the initial nicotine content and treatment step attributes. Predict the nicotine content after treatment, the expected treatment cost, and the optimal recovery process through the cigarette butt nicotine recovery model; the treatment step attributes include the time required for each treatment step and the cost-benefit.

[0063] To achieve the above object, another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention proposes a tobacco waste conversion and monitoring device, the device includes:

[0064] A first module for obtaining cigarette butt recovery data; the cigarette butt recovery data includes cigarette image data, statistical data of the cigarette butt recovery amount, and their corresponding attribute data; analyze the cigarette butt recovery situation based on the statistical data of the cigarette butt recovery amount;

[0065] A second module for identifying cigarette butts through the cigarette image data, separating the cigarette butts from other parts of the cigarette to obtain cigarette butt images;

[0066] A third module for judging the cigarette butt brand and type corresponding to each cigarette butt through the identified cigarette butt images;

[0067] A fourth module for determining the nicotine recovery content and efficiency of each cigarette butt type according to the cigarette butt type and its corresponding nicotine content;

[0068] A fifth module for matching different nicotine extraction methods according to the cigarette butt brand and type to obtain the target nicotine extraction method;

[0069] A sixth module for obtaining an index of comprehensive evaluation according to the cigarette butt recovery efficiency and nicotine extraction efficiency corresponding to the target nicotine extraction method, and judging whether there is a link where the nicotine extraction cost is greater than the benefit or pollutes the environment;

[0070] A seventh module for excluding the cigarette butt recovery of the corresponding cigarette butt brand when the nicotine extraction cost of a cigarette butt brand is greater than the benefit or there is environmental pollution;

[0071] The eighth module is used to establish a model to analyze the nicotine content and cost consumption of cigarette butts after being processed in different links, and predict the best recycling process.

[0072] To achieve the above object, on the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the above method is implemented.

[0073] To achieve the above object, on the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above method is implemented.

[0074] The embodiments of the present invention at least include the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method and device for tobacco waste conversion and monitoring. The solution obtains cigarette butt recycling data, which includes cigarette image data, statistical data of the recycled amount of cigarette butts, and their corresponding attribute data. According to the statistical data of the recycled amount of cigarette butts, the recycling situation of cigarette butts is analyzed. Cigarette butts are identified through the cigarette image data, and the cigarette butts are separated from other parts of the cigarette to obtain cigarette butt images. Through the identified cigarette butt images, the cigarette butt brands and types corresponding to each cigarette butt are judged. According to the cigarette butt types and their corresponding nicotine content, the nicotine recycling content and efficiency of each cigarette butt type are determined. According to the cigarette butt brands and types, different nicotine extraction methods are matched to obtain the target nicotine extraction method. According to the cigarette butt recycling efficiency and nicotine extraction efficiency corresponding to the target nicotine extraction method, an index of comprehensive evaluation is obtained to judge whether there is a link where the nicotine extraction cost is greater than the benefit or the environment is polluted. When the nicotine extraction cost of a cigarette butt brand is greater than the benefit or there is environmental pollution, the recycling of cigarette butts of the corresponding cigarette butt brand is excluded. A model is established to analyze the nicotine content and cost consumption of cigarette butts after being processed in different links, and predict the best recycling process. Through the processing of cigarette image data, the present invention realizes the automatic identification and separation of cigarette butts. Further, through the identification of cigarette butt images, the cigarette butt brands and corresponding cigarette types are judged. According to the cigarette butt types and nicotine content, the nicotine recycling content and efficiency of various cigarette butts are calculated, and the most efficient nicotine extraction method is selected. Considering the cigarette butt recycling efficiency and nicotine extraction efficiency comprehensively, a comprehensive evaluation is carried out to judge whether there is a link where the cost is greater than the benefit or the environment is polluted. When the nicotine extraction cost of some cigarette brands is greater than the benefit or there is environmental pollution, the recycling of cigarette butts of these brands is excluded. Finally, a model is established to analyze the nicotine content and cost consumption of cigarette butts after being processed in different links to predict the best recycling process, so as to realize the whole-process analysis and optimization of cigarette recycling. Description of the Drawings

[0075] Figure 1It is a flowchart of the tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 2 It is the overall flowchart of the tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 3 It is the expanded flowchart of the nicotine extraction method screening according to the cigarette butt brand and type provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 4 It is the expanded flowchart of establishing a model to analyze the best recycling process for cigarette butt prediction provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 5 It is the structural schematic diagram of the tobacco waste conversion and monitoring device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 6 It is the hardware structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0081] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. When the following description relates to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementation manners described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementation manners consistent with the embodiments of the present invention. They are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention detailed in the appended claims.

[0082] It can be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in the present invention can be used in the present invention to describe various concepts, but unless otherwise specified, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, the first information can also be called the second information, and similarly, the second information can also be called the first information. Depending on the context, the words "if", "when" as used herein can be interpreted as "when...", "while...", or "in response to determining".

[0083] The terms "at least one", "multiple", "each", "any one", etc. used in the present invention, at least one includes one, two or more, multiple includes two or more, each refers to each of the corresponding multiple, and any one refers to any one of the multiple.

[0084] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this invention belongs. The terms used in this invention are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this invention and are not intended to limit this invention.

[0085] The tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method provided by the embodiments of this invention relates to the technical field of data processing. The tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method provided by the embodiments of this invention can be applied to a terminal, a server, or software running on a terminal or a server. In some embodiments, the terminal can be a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a smart speaker, a smart watch, a vehicle-mounted terminal, etc., but is not limited thereto; the server side can be configured as an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN, and big data and artificial intelligence platforms. The server can also be a node server in a blockchain network; the software can be an application implementing the tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method, etc., but is not limited to the above forms.

[0086] This invention can be used in many general or special computer system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multi-processor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronic devices, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices, and so on. This invention can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. This invention can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected through a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in local and remote computer storage media including storage devices.

[0087] Figure 1 is an optional flowchart of the tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method provided by the embodiments of this invention, Figure 1 The method in may include but is not limited to steps S100 to S800.

[0088] S100. Obtain cigarette butt recycling data; analyze the cigarette butt recycling situation based on the statistical data of the cigarette butt recycling volume;

[0089] Among them, the cigarette butt recycling data includes cigarette image data, statistical data on the quantity of recycled cigarette butts, and their corresponding attribute data;

[0090] It should be noted that in some embodiments, according to the statistical data on the quantity of recycled cigarette butts, analyzing the cigarette butt recycling situation may include the following steps: obtaining the attribute data corresponding to the statistical data on the quantity of recycled cigarette butts; the attribute data includes quantity attribute, recycling point location attribute, seasonal attribute, and recycling method attribute; according to the quantity attribute in the statistical data, determining the total quantity of recycled cigarette butts, and determining the quantity of recycled cigarette butts per day, per week, per month, and per year, comparing and analyzing the recycling rates of cigarette butts for each time period to obtain the trend and changes in cigarette butt recycling; according to the recycling point location attribute, determining the quantity of recycled cigarette butts in different regions or different recycling points, and drawing a geographical distribution map or heat map to determine the distribution of cigarette butt recycling points; according to the seasonal attribute in the statistical data, determining the seasonal distribution of cigarette butt recycling; further determining the quantity of recycled cigarette butts in each season, and comparing and analyzing to obtain the differences and changes in cigarette butt recycling in different seasons; according to the recycling method attribute, by counting the quantity of recycled cigarette butts for different recycling methods, and comparing and analyzing, determining the contribution degree of different recycling methods to cigarette butt recycling.

[0091] S200. Identifying cigarette butts through the cigarette image data, separating the cigarette butts from other parts of the cigarette to obtain cigarette butt images;

[0092] It should be noted that in some embodiments, step S200 may include the following steps: analyzing the cigarette butt area in the image as a cigarette butt candidate area through the pixel distribution and density of the cigarette image data; within the cigarette butt candidate area, adjusting the image brightness and contrast according to the light intensity and angle in the image; obtaining the color contrast between the cigarette butt and other parts of the cigarette, and performing image binarization based on the threshold segmentation method; using the Sobel operator to process the binarized image to obtain the edge information of the cigarette butt; based on the edge information, extracting the unique texture and surface features of the cigarette butt as cigarette butt features; according to the connectivity between the cigarette butt and other parts of the cigarette, using image connected region analysis to further clarify the position of the cigarette butt; analyzing the spatial relationship and distance between the cigarette butt and other parts of the cigarette, and screening out objects that are similar in shape to the cigarette butt but are not cigarette butts; comparing the cigarette butt candidate area with the cigarette butt features, and using template matching to confirm the final position of the cigarette butt to complete the separation of the cigarette butt from other parts of the cigarette.

[0093] S300. Judging the cigarette butt brand and cigarette butt type corresponding to each cigarette butt through the identified cigarette butt images;

[0094] Among them, the cigarette butt brand is the brand corresponding to the cigarette to which the cigarette butt belongs, and the cigarette butt type is the type corresponding to the cigarette to which the cigarette butt belongs;

[0095] It should be noted that the types of cigarette butts include flue-cured tobacco and blended cigarettes; in some embodiments, step S300 may include the following steps: preprocessing the input cigarette butt image; the preprocessing includes image denoising, grayscale conversion, and edge detection; through image segmentation and HOG feature extraction, separate the logos, trademarks, or text information on the preprocessed cigarette butt image from the background, and extract their identification features; compare the extracted identification features with the database of known brands, and use HOG feature extraction to determine the cigarette butt brand corresponding to the cigarette to which the cigarette butt belongs; according to the cigarette stick shape and identification features on the cigarette butt image, through HOG feature extraction and the K-mean algorithm, judge whether the type of cigarette butt is flue-cured tobacco or blended cigarettes.

[0096] S400. Determine the nicotine recovery content and efficiency of each type of cigarette butt according to the type of cigarette butt and its corresponding nicotine content;

[0097] It should be noted that the cigarette butt recovery data also includes the sampling test results of cigarette butts, and the sampling test results include the nicotine content corresponding to the cigarette butts; in some embodiments, step S400 may include the following steps: based on the classified types of cigarette butts, organize a comparison table of the types of cigarette butts and their nicotine content according to the sampling test results of cigarette butts; obtain the specific processing efficiency parameters through the nicotine extraction equipment instruction manual; analyze the equipment efficiency under different environmental conditions and determine the optimal recovery environmental conditions; correct the actually recovered nicotine content according to the error range of the nicotine content measurement tool GC-FID; analyze the collected sample data based on the comparison table to determine the average nicotine recovery amount of each type of cigarette butt.

[0098] S500. Match different nicotine extraction methods according to the cigarette butt brand and the type of cigarette butt to obtain the target nicotine extraction method;

[0099] It should be noted that in some embodiments, step S500 may include the following steps: obtain a database of cigarette butt brands and types according to the diversity identification of cigarette butt brands and types; group the data in the database using the K-means algorithm; determine which brands or types of cigarette butts have nicotine concentrations higher than the preset concentration through the nicotine concentration data of cigarette butts of different brands; screen out nicotine extraction methods based on the structural difference data of cigarette butt material components, as well as cigarette butt brands and types; determine the best nicotine extraction method as the target nicotine extraction method according to the correlation data between cigarette butt material components and extraction efficiency; specifically including the following operations: adjust the extraction conditions of the determined nicotine extraction method, including extraction solvent, extraction time, and extraction temperature, to ensure maximum extraction efficiency; determine the most economically viable extraction method through the economic evaluation of the nicotine extraction method; correct and improve the data according to the standardized evaluation of nicotine concentration of cigarette butt brands and types; also include: evaluate the costs and economic benefits after extraction of each nicotine extraction method, and determine the nicotine extraction method with the best economic benefits.

[0100] S600. Obtain an index of comprehensive evaluation based on the cigarette butt recovery efficiency and nicotine extraction efficiency corresponding to the target nicotine extraction method, and determine whether there are any links where the nicotine extraction cost is greater than the benefit or pollutes the environment.

[0101] It should be noted that in some embodiments, step S600 may include the following steps: analyze the cigarette butt components using PCA based on the concentration distributions of various chemical components in the cigarette butt recovery and treatment corresponding to the target nicotine extraction method to identify key components; optimize the extraction method through the feasibility and stability analysis of the target nicotine extraction method; specifically including the following operations: determine the long-term impact of cigarette butt recovery and treatment on the ecosystem according to the changes in the microbial population distribution in the environmental impact analysis; determine the waste treatment plan through the environmental toxicity analysis of the generated waste compared with the raw materials; calculate the supply chain cost of cigarette butt recovery and treatment to obtain the correlation analysis between cost and recovery efficiency; predict the extraction efficiency using the linear regression algorithm according to the impact analysis of the physical structure of cigarette butts on the extraction efficiency; among them, when the purity after nicotine extraction is low or the applicability for downstream applications is poor, adjust the extraction parameters; determine the strategy to reduce impurities through the analysis of external impurities that may be introduced during the extraction process; if the greenhouse gas emissions during the recovery and extraction process exceed the standard, adjust the treatment strategy to reduce emissions according to the prediction results of the linear regression algorithm; use the decision tree algorithm to optimize the nicotine recovery process in cigarette butts to remove or optimize the links where the cost is greater than the benefit or pollutes the environment.

[0102] S700. When the nicotine extraction cost of a cigarette butt brand is greater than the benefit or there is environmental pollution, exclude the cigarette butt recovery of the corresponding cigarette butt brand.

[0103] It should be noted that in some embodiments, step S700 may include the following steps: obtaining the resources and labor costs required in the collection, processing, and extraction processes by evaluating the nicotine extraction costs in cigarette butts of each cigarette butt brand; evaluating the economic benefits brought by nicotine extraction, including sales revenue and profits, and judging the benefits of nicotine extraction; evaluating the environmental pollution caused during the nicotine extraction process of this brand of cigarette butts, and then determining the environmental pollution during the nicotine extraction process; by comparing the resource and labor costs, economic benefits, and environmental pollution of nicotine extraction, when the nicotine extraction cost of the cigarette butts of any cigarette butt brand is greater than the benefits or there is environmental pollution, it is judged to exclude the recycling of the cigarette butts of this cigarette butt brand, otherwise, continue to recycle the cigarette butts of this cigarette butt brand.

[0104] S800. Establish a model to analyze the nicotine content and cost consumption of cigarette butts after being processed in different links, and predict the optimal recycling process.

[0105] It should be noted that in some embodiments, step S800 may include the following steps: obtaining the material data of cigarette butts according to the characteristic data of different cigarette butt brands and cigarette butt types; the characteristic data includes size, shape, and material properties; adopting different nicotine extraction methods to obtain the nicotine extraction efficiency under different nicotine extraction methods; the nicotine extraction methods include solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction; setting different extraction conditions for various nicotine extraction methods to obtain the nicotine extraction efficiency data under different extraction conditions and the time required for each processing link; the extraction conditions include temperature, pressure, and time parameters; determining the initial nicotine content of cigarette butts before passing through different processing links through sampling detection; obtaining the change in the nicotine content in cigarette butts and the time required for each processing link through each processing link, including biodegradation, dissolution, filtration, and concentration; evaluating the equipment, materials, and energy costs required for each processing link to determine the processing cost; and then determining the benefits of integrating time and cost, and evaluating the cost-benefit of each processing link; establishing a cigarette butt nicotine recovery model according to the mapping relationship between the characteristic data, different nicotine extraction methods, extraction conditions, and the initial nicotine content and processing link attributes, and predicting the nicotine content and expected processing cost after processing and the optimal recycling process through the cigarette butt nicotine recovery model; the processing link attributes include the time and cost-benefit required for each processing link.

[0106] To explain the principle of the technical solution of the present invention in detail, the overall process of the present invention will be described below with reference to some specific embodiments. It is easy to understand that the following is an explanation of the technical principle of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the present invention.

[0107] In view of the related disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for converting and monitoring tobacco waste, as Figure 2As shown, the method of the present invention may specifically include the following steps S101 to S108 (corresponding to the aforementioned steps S100 to S800 in sequence):

[0108] Step S101, analyze the cigarette butt recycling situation based on the statistical data of the cigarette butt recycling volume. In some specific application scenarios, the following can be achieved:

[0109] Obtain the relevant attributes of the cigarette butt recycling data, including the recycling volume, recycling point location, seasonality, and recycling method. According to the recycling volume attribute in the statistical data, determine the total amount of cigarette butt recycling. Calculate the daily, weekly, monthly, and annual cigarette butt recycling volumes, compare and analyze them, and obtain the trend and changes of cigarette butt recycling. By calculating the recycling volumes in different regions or different recycling points and drawing a geographical distribution map or heat map, determine the distribution of cigarette butt recycling points. According to the time attribute in the statistical data, judge the seasonal distribution of cigarette butt recycling. By calculating the cigarette butt recycling volumes in each season and comparing and analyzing them, obtain the differences and changes in cigarette butt recycling in different seasons. By counting the recycling volumes of different recycling methods and comparing and analyzing them, determine the contribution degree of different recycling methods to cigarette butt recycling. For example, in a cigarette butt recycling project, the statistical data shows that the recycling volume attribute is 1000 cigarette butts recycled per day. The weekly cigarette butt recycling volume can be calculated as 1000 * 7 = 7000 cigarette butts, the monthly recycling volume is 1000 * 30 = 30000 cigarette butts, and the annual recycling volume is 1000 * 365 = 365000 cigarette butts. To compare and analyze the trend and changes of cigarette butt recycling, the daily, weekly, monthly, and annual recycling volumes can be compared. According to the statistical data, the monthly cigarette butt recycling volumes in a certain city are as follows: the recycling volume in January is 1000 cigarette butts, the recycling volume in February is 1200 cigarette butts, the recycling volume in March is 900 cigarette butts, and the recycling volume in April is 1500 cigarette butts. It can be seen that the recycling volume in April is relatively high, which may be because the activities or publicity effects in this month are better, attracting more people to participate in recycling, while the recycling volume in March is relatively low, which may be due to seasonal changes or other factors resulting in a decrease in people's participation. In addition, a geographical distribution map or heat map can be drawn based on the recycling volumes in different regions or different recycling points to determine the distribution of cigarette butt recycling points. It is found that the recycling points in a certain city are concentrated in the downtown area and less in the suburbs, which can provide guidance for relevant departments to increase the layout of recycling points. According to the time attribute in the statistical data, the seasonal situation of cigarette butt recycling can be judged. Calculate the cigarette butt recycling volumes in each season and compare and analyze them. It is found that the cigarette butt recycling volume in summer is relatively high, while the recycling volume in winter is relatively low, which may be related to the increase in people's outdoor activities and the warming of the weather. By counting the recycling volumes of different recycling methods, the contribution degree of different recycling methods to cigarette butt recycling can be determined. Calculate that the recycling volume of the recycling bin is 500 cigarette butts, while the recycling volume of community activities is 300 cigarette butts, which means that the recycling bin has a higher contribution degree to cigarette butt recycling.

[0110] Step S102: Automatically identify the cigarette butts based on the image data of the cigarettes, and automatically separate the cigarette butts from other parts of the cigarettes. In some specific application scenarios, the following can be achieved:

[0111] Analyze the possible cigarette butt regions in the image based on the pixel distribution and density of the cigarette image data, providing possible cigarette butt candidate regions for subsequent processing. Within the determined possible cigarette butt candidate regions, adjust the image brightness and contrast according to the illumination intensity and angle in the image. Obtain the color contrast between the cigarette butts and other parts of the cigarettes, and perform image binarization based on the threshold segmentation method to make the cigarette butts have an obvious difference from the background. Use the Sobel operator to process the binarized image to obtain the edge information of the cigarette butts. Based on the edge information, extract the unique texture and surface features of the cigarette butts to provide a basis for cigarette butt recognition. According to the connectivity between the cigarette butts and other parts of the cigarettes, use image connected region analysis to further clarify the position of the cigarette butts. Analyze the spatial relationship and distance between the cigarette butts and other parts of the cigarettes, and filter out objects that are similar in shape to the cigarette butts but are not cigarette butts. Compare the candidate regions with the known cigarette butt features, and use template matching to confirm the final position of the cigarette butts, completing the separation of the cigarette butts from other parts of the cigarettes. For example, through the analysis of the pixel distribution and density of the cigarette image data, it is obtained that there is a possible cigarette butt candidate region in the image, and the pixel distribution in this region is relatively concentrated and the pixel density is high. Within this candidate region, by analyzing the illumination intensity and angle in the image, the image brightness and contrast are adjusted to obtain an image with obvious cigarette butt features. Next, obtain the color contrast between the cigarette butts and other parts of the cigarettes. Through calculation, the contrast between the color of the cigarette butts and the background is obtained as 8. Based on this contrast value, the image can be binarized using the threshold segmentation method to make the cigarette butts have an obvious difference from the background. After obtaining the binarized image, use the Sobel operator to process the image to obtain the edge information of the cigarette butts. Through the edge information, the unique texture and surface features of the cigarette butts can be extracted to provide a basis for cigarette butt recognition. Next, use image connected region analysis to further determine the position of the cigarette butts according to the connectivity between the cigarette butts and other parts of the cigarettes. The analysis results show that the cigarette butts are connected to other parts of the cigarettes and are near the candidate region. After further analyzing the spatial relationship and distance between the cigarette butts and other parts of the cigarettes, objects that are similar to the cigarette butts but are not cigarette butts are filtered out. Through template matching technology, the candidate region is compared with the known cigarette butt features, and the template matching result shows that the candidate region highly matches the cigarette butt features, confirming the final position of the cigarette butts.

[0112] Step S103: Judge the brands of each cigarette butt and the corresponding cigarette types, including flue-cured tobacco and blended cigarettes, based on the identified images of the cigarette butts. In some specific application scenarios, the following can be achieved:

[0113] Preprocess the input cigarette butt image, including image denoising, grayscale conversion, and edge detection. Through image segmentation and HOG feature extraction, separate the logo, trademark, or text information on the cigarette butt from the background and extract its features. Compare the extracted logo, trademark, or text information with a database of known brands, using HOG feature extraction to determine the brand to which the cigarette butt belongs. Based on the cigarette shape, logo, or text information on the cigarette butt, through HOG feature extraction and the K-mean algorithm, judge the type of cigarette, whether it is flue-cured tobacco or blended cigarette. Through HOG feature extraction, extract the color, length, and texture attribute information of the cigarette butt, and use this as a basis for further judging the characteristics and properties of the cigarette butt. Based on the recognized cigarette butt image, determine the brand to which the cigarette butt belongs and the type of cigarette, and simultaneously obtain the relevant attribute information of the cigarette butt. For example, preprocess a cigarette butt image and extract its feature information. Use Gaussian blur to denoise the image to obtain a denoised image, perform grayscale conversion on the denoised image to convert it into a grayscale image, use the Canny operator to perform edge detection on the grayscale image, and perform image segmentation on the edge image to separate the logo, trademark, or text information on the cigarette butt from the background. Then, use the HOG feature extraction algorithm to extract features from the logo area to obtain a feature with a 128-dimensional feature vector. Next, compare the extracted features with a database of known brands to find the brand that is most similar. A brand is found in the database that is most similar to the extracted features. Use HOG feature extraction and the K-means algorithm to judge the type of the cigarette butt. Extract the shape features of the cigarette butt and use the K-means algorithm to divide it into two categories, including flue-cured tobacco and blended cigarettes. Then, use the HOG feature extraction algorithm to extract the color, length, and texture attribute information of the cigarette butt to obtain a feature with a 256-dimensional feature vector. Finally, based on the recognized cigarette butt image and the classification judgment performed, determine the brand to which the cigarette butt belongs and the type of cigarette, and obtain the relevant attribute information of the cigarette butt. According to the above steps, after processing and feature extraction of a cigarette butt image, the following results are obtained: The extracted logo features are most similar to a certain brand in the known brand database, and this brand is Brand A. Based on the shape features of the cigarette butt and the K-means algorithm, it is judged that the cigarette butt belongs to flue-cured tobacco. The extracted color feature of the cigarette butt is red, the length feature is 10 cm, and the texture feature is delicate. Therefore, based on the recognized cigarette butt image, it can be judged that the cigarette butt belongs to Brand A's flue-cured tobacco and has the attribute of red color, 10 cm length, and delicate texture.

[0114] Step S104, calculate the nicotine recovery content and efficiency for each type of cigarette butt according to the type of cigarette butt and the nicotine content therein. In some specific application scenarios, the following can be achieved:

[0115] The collected cigarette butts are sampled and tested by type to form a comparison table of cigarette butt types and their nicotine content. Through the instruction manual of the nicotine extraction equipment, the specific processing efficiency parameters are obtained. Analyze the equipment efficiency under different environmental conditions and determine the optimal recovery environmental conditions. According to the error range of the nicotine content measurement tool GC-FID, correct the actually recovered nicotine content. Analyze the collected sample data to determine the average nicotine recovery amount for each type of cigarette butt, and provide optimization suggestions for nicotine recovery work. For example, the collected cigarette butts are divided into three types, A, B, and C. These cigarette butts are sampled and tested, and the processing efficiency parameters are obtained according to the instruction manual of the nicotine extraction equipment. 100 cigarette butts are randomly selected for testing, and the following results are obtained: for type A, 40 cigarette butts with an average nicotine content of 5 mg; for type B, 30 cigarette butts with an average nicotine content of 3 mg; for type C, 30 cigarette butts with an average nicotine content of 2 mg. According to the instruction manual of the nicotine extraction equipment, the processing efficiency parameter is 80%, that is, the equipment can recover 80% of the nicotine from the cigarette butts. Then, according to the specific environmental conditions including temperature and humidity, evaluate the equipment efficiency. In an environment with a temperature of 25 °C and a humidity of 50%, the equipment efficiency is 75%. In an environment with a temperature of 30 °C and a humidity of 60%, the equipment efficiency is 85%. According to the error range of the nicotine content measurement tool GC-FID, the error is ±0.5 mg, that is, the maximum allowable difference between the actual measurement value and the true value is 0.5 mg. Based on the above data, the average nicotine recovery amount for each type of cigarette butt can be calculated as follows: the average nicotine recovery amount for type A = 40 * 5 * 80% * 75% = 12 mg, the average nicotine recovery amount for type B = 30 * 3 * 80% * 75% = 4 mg, the average nicotine recovery amount for type C = 30 * 2 * 80% * 85% = 8 mg. According to the above analysis results, the following optimization suggestions can be obtained: for type A cigarette butts, with a relatively high nicotine recovery amount, more attention and investment can be given in the recovery work. For type B and C cigarette butts, with a relatively low nicotine recovery amount, it can be considered to optimize the recovery equipment or improve the recovery environmental conditions to improve the recovery efficiency.

[0116] Step S105, according to the cigarette butt brand and type, replace different nicotine extraction methods to obtain the most efficient nicotine extraction method. As Figure 3 shown, it can be achieved as follows:

[0117] Obtain a database of brands and types based on the diversity identification of cigarette butts' brands and types. Use the K-means algorithm to group the brands and types. Based on the nicotine concentration data of different brand cigarette butts, determine which brands or types of cigarette butts have nicotine above the preset concentration. Based on the structural difference data of the cigarette butt material composition, as well as the brand and type of the cigarette butt, screen out the nicotine extraction methods. Based on the correlation data between the cigarette butt material composition and the extraction efficiency, determine the best nicotine extraction method. Adjust the extraction conditions for the determined nicotine extraction method, including the extraction solvent, extraction time, and extraction temperature, to ensure maximum extraction efficiency. Through the economic evaluation of the nicotine extraction method, determine the most economically viable extraction method. Based on the standardized evaluation of the nicotine concentration of cigarette butt brands and types, correct and improve the data. For example, there are cigarette butts of brand A and brand B. The composition of brand A is 40% nicotine, 30% nicotine, and 30% other components, while the composition of brand B is 50% nicotine, 20% nicotine, and 30% other components. By understanding the composition of each cigarette butt, the applicability of the extraction method can be determined. Secondly, different nicotine extraction methods are adopted according to different cigarette butt brands and types. For brand A, choose the direct chemical treatment method. Use ethanol as the solvent, mix the cigarette butts with ethanol, and through appropriate reaction conditions, such as temperature and time, to extract nicotine. For brand B, the biological degradation followed by chemical treatment method can be selected. First, use enzymes or microorganisms to degrade the cigarette butts, decompose the organic matter into a more easily treatable form, and then use chemical methods to extract nicotine. For a special cigarette butt brand C with a relatively hard structure and not easily soluble, use the physical pulverization followed by chemical treatment method. First, break the cigarette butts into small particles through physical pulverization, and then use chemical methods to extract nicotine. This method requires additional equipment and energy, using a special crusher to pulverize the cigarette butts. When choosing the extraction method, the costs of different treatment methods also need to be considered. For the direct chemical treatment method, the costs of ethanol and other chemical reagents, as well as the energy consumption during the reaction process, need to be considered. For the biological degradation followed by chemical treatment method, the costs of biological degradation technology and chemical reagents need to be considered. For the physical pulverization followed by chemical treatment method, the investment in the crusher and the energy consumption need to be considered. Finally, by evaluating the economic benefits of various treatment methods, considering the nicotine extraction benefits, the value of by-products, and the possible environmental and sustainability impacts, select the most cost-effective method.

[0118] Evaluate the costs of each nicotine extraction method and the economic benefits after extraction, and determine the nicotine extraction method with the best economic benefits.

[0119] Specifically, according to the treatment methods for nicotine extraction from cigarette butts, there are the following three different treatment methods: direct chemical extraction, chemical extraction after biodegradation, and chemical extraction after physical pulverization. Evaluate the economic benefits of these methods, including extraction efficiency, cost, processing time, risk, and safety factors. For example, the extraction efficiency of the direct chemical extraction method is 5 mg per gram of cigarette butt, the chemical reagent cost is 2 yuan per gram, and the extraction time is 2 hours. The extraction efficiency of the chemical extraction method after biodegradation is 7 mg per gram of cigarette butt, and the cost of chemical reagents and biological enzymes is 3 yuan per gram, and the extraction time is 2 hours. The extraction efficiency of the chemical extraction method after physical pulverization is 8 mg per gram of cigarette butt, and the cost of chemical reagents and crusher is 3 yuan per gram, and the extraction time is 3 hours. In addition, risk and safety factors need to be considered. The direct chemical extraction method may face the risk of chemical leakage, while the chemical extraction method after biodegradation may have less impact on the environment. Finally, processing cost and safety need to be considered. According to the by-products or waste that may be generated during the biodegradation or physical pulverization process, the processing cost and safety can be evaluated. The chemical extraction method after biodegradation may produce some hazardous wastes that need to be properly treated, while the chemical extraction method after physical pulverization may produce less waste, and the processing cost and safety are relatively high. By comprehensively evaluating the economic benefits of various methods, including extraction efficiency, cost, processing time, risk, and safety factors, the nicotine extraction method with the best economic benefits can be determined. According to the evaluation results, the chemical extraction method after biodegradation may perform better in terms of extraction efficiency and cost, but there may be certain problems in terms of processing time and safety. According to the treatment methods for nicotine extraction from cigarette butts, there are the following three different treatment methods: direct chemical extraction, chemical extraction after biodegradation, and chemical extraction after physical pulverization. Evaluate the economic benefits of these methods, including extraction efficiency, cost, processing time, risk, and safety factors. For example, the extraction efficiency of the direct chemical extraction method is 5 mg per gram of cigarette butt, the chemical reagent cost is 2 yuan per gram, and the extraction time is 2 hours. The extraction efficiency of the chemical extraction method after biodegradation is 7 mg per gram of cigarette butt, and the cost of chemical reagents and biological enzymes is 3 yuan per gram, and the extraction time is 2 hours. The extraction efficiency of the chemical extraction method after physical pulverization is 8 mg per gram of cigarette butt, and the cost of chemical reagents and crusher is 3 yuan per gram, and the extraction time is 3 hours. In addition, risk and safety factors need to be considered. The direct chemical extraction method may face the risk of chemical leakage, while the chemical extraction method after biodegradation may have less impact on the environment. Finally, processing cost and safety need to be considered. According to the by-products or waste that may be generated during the biodegradation or physical pulverization process, the processing cost and safety can be evaluated. The chemical extraction method after biodegradation may produce some hazardous wastes that need to be properly treated, while the chemical extraction method after physical pulverization may produce less waste, and the processing cost and safety are relatively high.By comprehensively evaluating the economic benefits of various methods, including extraction efficiency, cost, processing time, risk, and safety factors, the nicotine extraction method with the best economic benefits can be determined. According to the evaluation results, the chemical extraction method after biodegradation may perform well in terms of extraction efficiency and cost, but there may be certain problems in terms of processing time and safety.

[0120] Step S106, obtain an index for comprehensive evaluation through the cigarette butt recycling efficiency and nicotine extraction efficiency, and determine whether there are any links where the cost is greater than the benefit or the environment is polluted. In some specific application scenarios, the following can be achieved:

[0121] Specifically, based on the concentration distribution of various chemical components in cigarette butt recycling and treatment, PCA was performed on the components of cigarette butts, and the key components were found to be nicotine, tar, and heavy metals. Among them, the nicotine concentration accounted for 60% of the total components, the tar concentration accounted for 30% of the total components, and the heavy metal concentration accounted for 10% of the total components. To determine the appropriate nicotine extraction method, two different extraction methods, Method A and Method B, were compared. It was found that the extraction efficiency of Method A was 80%, and the extraction efficiency of Method B was 60%. Based on the analysis results of extraction efficiency and stability, Method A was decided to be the appropriate nicotine extraction method. In the environmental impact analysis, it was observed that cigarette butt recycling and treatment had a long-term impact on the microbial population distribution. According to the experimental data, it was found that the number of microbial populations decreased by 30% after recycling and treatment. Based on this result, the extraction process was adjusted to adopt a more environmentally friendly treatment method to reduce the impact on the ecosystem. Three different treatment schemes, Scheme A, Scheme B, and Scheme C, were compared. It was found that Scheme A had the lowest environmental toxicity, so Scheme A was selected as the appropriate waste treatment scheme. Two different supply chain cost models, Model A and Model B, were compared. It was found that the cost of Model A was more closely related to the recycling efficiency, so Model A was selected as the appropriate supply chain cost model. A linear regression model was established based on the experimental data, and it was found that there was a positive correlation between the physical structure of cigarette butts and the extraction efficiency. For every 1% increase in the physical structure parameter, the extraction efficiency would increase by 5%. If the purity of nicotine after extraction was low or the applicability of downstream applications was poor, the extraction parameters were adjusted to increase the extraction time and temperature to improve the purity and applicability of nicotine. According to the experimental data, it was found that 10% of impurities might be introduced during the extraction process. Based on this result, screening and filtering measures were taken to reduce the content of impurities. If the greenhouse gas emissions during the recycling and extraction process exceeded the standard, according to the prediction results of the linear regression algorithm, the energy consumption and the use of emission sources in the process were reduced to lower the greenhouse gas emissions. The decision tree algorithm was used to optimize the recycling process of nicotine in cigarette butts, removing or optimizing the links where the cost was greater than the benefit or the environment was polluted. Specifically, based on the concentration distribution of various chemical components in cigarette butt recycling and treatment, PCA was performed on the components of cigarette butts, and the key components were found to be nicotine, tar, and heavy metals. Among them, the nicotine concentration accounted for 60% of the total components, the tar concentration accounted for 30% of the total components, and the heavy metal concentration accounted for 10% of the total components. To determine the appropriate nicotine extraction method, two different extraction methods, Method A and Method B, were compared. It was found that the extraction efficiency of Method A was 80%, and the extraction efficiency of Method B was 60%. Based on the analysis results of extraction efficiency and stability, Method A was decided to be the appropriate nicotine extraction method. In the environmental impact analysis, it was observed that cigarette butt recycling and treatment had a long-term impact on the microbial population distribution. According to the experimental data, it was found that the number of microbial populations decreased by 30% after recycling and treatment.Based on this result, the extraction process was adjusted, and more environmentally friendly treatment methods were adopted to reduce the impact on the ecosystem. Three different treatment options were compared: Option A, Option B, and Option C. It was found that Option A had the lowest environmental toxicity, so Option A was selected as the appropriate waste treatment option. Two different supply chain cost models, Model A and Model B, were compared. It was found that the cost of Model A was more closely related to the recycling efficiency, so Model A was selected as the appropriate supply chain cost model. A linear regression model was established based on the experimental data, and it was found that there was a positive correlation between the physical structure of cigarette butts and the extraction efficiency. For every 1% increase in the physical structure parameter, the extraction efficiency would increase by 5%. If the purity of nicotine after extraction was low or the applicability for downstream applications was poor, the extraction parameters were adjusted, and the extraction time and temperature were increased to improve the purity and applicability of nicotine. According to the experimental data, it was found that 10% of impurities might be introduced during the extraction process. Based on this result, screening and filtering measures were taken to reduce the content of impurities. If the greenhouse gas emissions generated during the recycling and extraction processes exceeded the standard, according to the prediction results of the linear regression algorithm, the energy consumption and the use of emission sources in the process were reduced to lower the greenhouse gas emissions. The decision tree algorithm was used to optimize the recycling process of nicotine in cigarette butts by removing or optimizing the links where the cost was greater than the benefit or the environment was polluted.

[0122] Obtain data related to cigarette butt recycling to establish a decision tree algorithm and optimize the cigarette butt recycling process.

[0123] Specifically, relevant data on cigarette butt recycling are obtained, including nicotine extraction methods, ecosystem impacts, waste treatment methods, nicotine extraction purity, introduction of external impurities, and greenhouse gas emissions. According to the attributes of nicotine extraction methods, the dataset is divided into different extraction methods, such as water extraction and solvent extraction. For the dataset of each extraction method, the information gain of the ecosystem impact attribute is calculated, and the attribute with the largest information gain is selected as the splitting attribute. The ID3 algorithm can be used to calculate the information gain. According to the splitting results of the ecosystem impact attribute, the information gains of the waste treatment method, nicotine extraction purity, introduction of external impurities, and greenhouse gas emission attributes are calculated respectively, and the attribute with the largest information gain is selected as the splitting attribute. The splitting results of each attribute are recursively processed until all attributes are split or a predetermined stopping condition is reached, including reaching the maximum depth and the purity of the split dataset being high enough. According to the final decision tree model, predictions and decisions are made on the nicotine recycling in new cigarette butts. According to the attribute values of the new data, judgments are gradually made according to the conditions of the decision tree, and finally the process of cigarette butt recycling is determined. Specifically, relevant data on cigarette butt recycling are obtained, including nicotine extraction methods, ecosystem impacts, waste treatment methods, nicotine extraction purity, introduction of external impurities, and greenhouse gas emissions. According to the attributes of nicotine extraction methods, the dataset is divided into different extraction methods, such as water extraction and solvent extraction. For the dataset of each extraction method, the information gain of the ecosystem impact attribute is calculated, and the attribute with the largest information gain is selected as the splitting attribute. The ID3 algorithm can be used to calculate the information gain. According to the splitting results of the ecosystem impact attribute, the information gains of the waste treatment method, nicotine extraction purity, introduction of external impurities, and greenhouse gas emission attributes are calculated respectively, and the attribute with the largest information gain is selected as the splitting attribute. The splitting results of each attribute are recursively processed until all attributes are split or a predetermined stopping condition is reached, including reaching the maximum depth and the purity of the split dataset being high enough. According to the final decision tree model, predictions and decisions are made on the nicotine recycling in new cigarette butts. According to the attribute values of the new data, judgments are gradually made according to the conditions of the decision tree, and finally the process of cigarette butt recycling is determined.

[0124] Step S107, when the nicotine extraction cost of a cigarette brand is greater than the revenue or there is environmental pollution, the cigarette butt recycling of the brand is excluded. In some specific application scenarios, the following can be achieved:

[0125] By evaluating the cost of nicotine extraction from a certain brand of cigarette butts, the resources and labor costs required in the collection, processing, and extraction processes are obtained. Evaluate the economic benefits brought by nicotine extraction, including sales revenue and profits, and judge the benefits of nicotine extraction. Evaluate the possible environmental pollution caused during the nicotine extraction process from this brand of cigarette butts, such as the discharge of wastewater, waste gas, and waste, and determine the environmental pollution during the nicotine extraction process. By evaluating the cost, economic benefits, and environmental pollution of nicotine extraction, if the cost of nicotine extraction from this brand of cigarette butts is greater than the benefits or there is environmental pollution, it is judged that the recycling of this brand of cigarette butts should be excluded; otherwise, continue with the recycling of this brand of cigarette butts. For example, the cost of extracting nicotine from Brand A cigarette butts is $200 per kilogram and $10 per hour per worker. In a month, workers work 8 hours a day and 5 days a week. Each worker can process 1,000 cigarette butts per hour. Each worker works 8 hours a day, so each worker can process 8,000 cigarette butts per day and 160,000 cigarette butts per month. The average weight of each cigarette butt is 2 grams, so each worker can process 32,000 grams of cigarette butts per month, which is 32 kilograms. Therefore, the labor cost of each worker per month is $1,600. At the same time, the resource cost of each worker per month is $6,400. So, the total cost of each worker per month is $8,000. The nicotine extracted per kilogram can be sold for $500, and each cigarette butt can extract an average of 1 gram of nicotine. Then the value of nicotine in each cigarette butt is 50 cents. The value of nicotine that each worker can extract per month is $16,000. The cigarette butts processed by each worker per day will produce 1 liter of wastewater, and the treatment cost per liter of wastewater is $1. The wastewater treatment cost of each worker per month is $20. Based on the above evaluation, the net income of each worker per month is $7,980. In summary, if the cost of nicotine extraction from this brand of cigarette butts per worker per month is greater than the benefits or there is environmental pollution, such as the cost per worker per month exceeding $8,000 or the wastewater treatment cost exceeding $20, then the recycling of this brand of cigarette butts should be excluded. Otherwise, the recycling of this brand of cigarette butts can continue.

[0126] Step S108, establish a model to analyze the nicotine content and cost consumption of cigarette butts after being processed in different links, and predict the best recycling process. As Figure 4 shown, the following can be achieved:

[0127] Obtain the material data of cigarette butts based on their characteristics, including size, shape, and material properties. Use different extraction methods, including solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction, to obtain the nicotine extraction efficiency under different extraction methods. Set different extraction conditions, including temperature, pressure, and time parameters, to obtain the nicotine extraction efficiency data and the time required for each processing step. Determine the initial nicotine content of cigarette butts before passing through different processing steps through sampling detection. Through each processing step, including biodegradation, dissolution, filtration, and concentration, obtain the change in nicotine content in cigarette butts and the time required for each processing step. Evaluate the equipment, material, and energy costs required for each processing step to determine the processing cost. Integrate the benefits of time and cost to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of each processing step. Establish a cigarette butt nicotine recovery model, obtain cigarette butt characteristic data, different extraction methods, extraction conditions, initial nicotine content, and processing step attributes, and predict the nicotine content after processing, the expected processing cost, and the optimal recovery process. For example, the solvent extraction method was selected to extract nicotine from cigarette butts. Ethyl acetate was selected as the solvent, the temperature was set at 40°C, the pressure was 1 atm, and the extraction time was 1 hour. Based on the characteristics of the cigarette butts, the size of the cigarette butts was measured to be 2 cm × 5 cm, the shape was cylindrical, and the material was paper. First, determine the initial nicotine content of the cigarette butts before passing through different processing steps through sampling detection. 100 of the recovered cigarette butts were sampled and the nicotine content was measured in the laboratory. On average, each cigarette butt was found to contain 1 mg of nicotine. The initial nicotine content was obtained as 1 mg / cigarette butt. Then, a solvent extraction experiment was conducted. 100 cigarette butts were placed in the solvent for extraction. After 1 hour of extraction, the nicotine content in the solution was measured to be 0.8 mg. Therefore, the nicotine extraction efficiency was 0.8 mg / 1 mg × 100% = 80%. Next, consider the equipment, material, and energy costs required for each processing step. Solvent extraction requires the use of a glass bottle as the extraction container, ethyl acetate as the solvent, and a heater to provide the required temperature. The total cost of equipment, materials, and energy is $100. It is also necessary to record the time required for each processing step. Solvent extraction requires 10 minutes to prepare and load the sample, 1 hour of extraction time, and 10 minutes to separate and collect the solution. Therefore, the total processing time is 80 minutes. Considering the benefits of time and cost comprehensively, the cost-effectiveness of solvent extraction can be evaluated. The cost per hour of work is $20, and the cost of solvent extraction can be calculated as follows: processing cost = time cost + equipment, material, and energy costs = (80 minutes / 60 minutes / hour) × $20 / hour + $100 = $333. Based on the cigarette butt characteristic data, extraction method, extraction conditions, initial nicotine content, and processing step attributes, a cigarette butt nicotine recovery model can be established to predict the nicotine content under different processing processes, the expected processing cost, and determine the optimal recovery process.

[0128] Construct a cigarette butt nicotine recovery model and determine the nicotine recovery process based on the nicotine content of cigarette butts.

[0129] Specifically, according to the cigarette butt characteristic data, such as cigarette butt size, weight, and material, correlation analysis is used to determine the impact on nicotine recovery. Data from 100 cigarette butt samples were collected and cleaned and normalized. Next, a regression model was established to predict the nicotine recovery rate. A linear regression model was selected, where the nicotine recovery rate was used as the target variable, and the cigarette butt size, weight, and material were used as feature variables. The data were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set. The training set contained 70 samples, and the validation set contained 30 samples. The regression model was trained using the training set, and the R-squared value of the regression model was used to evaluate the model performance. The R-squared value of the model was 85, indicating that the model could explain 85% of the variability in the nicotine recovery rate. According to the model evaluation results, the model could be optimized. Feature selection methods were used to determine the features most relevant to the nicotine recovery rate. After feature selection, only the cigarette butt size and weight were retained as feature variables, and the model parameters were adjusted. According to the optimized model, the cigarette butt characteristic data could be used to predict the nicotine content in the cigarette butt. There was a new cigarette butt sample with a size of 3 cm and a weight of 5 g. According to the model, the predicted nicotine recovery rate of this cigarette butt was 70%. According to the predicted nicotine content results, the recovery process and treatment method could be combined to predict the cost after treatment. The recovery process required 1000 liters of solvent, and the energy consumption of the recovery equipment was 500 kWh. Based on these data, the cost after treatment was calculated to be $5000. According to the predicted nicotine content and the predicted treatment cost results, the cost-benefit ratio between the recovery cost and the nicotine content was calculated, and the process with the highest benefit ratio was selected to achieve efficient nicotine recovery. According to the cigarette butt characteristic data, such as cigarette butt size, weight, and material, correlation analysis is used to determine the impact on nicotine recovery. Data from 100 cigarette butt samples were collected and cleaned and normalized. Next, a regression model was established to predict the nicotine recovery rate. A linear regression model was selected, where the nicotine recovery rate was used as the target variable, and the cigarette butt size, weight, and material were used as feature variables. The data were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set. The training set contained 70 samples, and the validation set contained 30 samples. The regression model was trained using the training set, and the R-squared value of the regression model was used to evaluate the model performance. The R-squared value of the model was 85, indicating that the model could explain 85% of the variability in the nicotine recovery rate. According to the model evaluation results, the model could be optimized. Feature selection methods were used to determine the features most relevant to the nicotine recovery rate. After feature selection, only the cigarette butt size and weight were retained as feature variables, and the model parameters were adjusted. According to the optimized model, the cigarette butt characteristic data could be used to predict the nicotine content in the cigarette butt. There was a new cigarette butt sample with a size of 3 cm and a weight of 5 g. According to the model, the predicted nicotine recovery rate of this cigarette butt was 70%. According to the predicted nicotine content results, the recovery process and treatment method could be combined to predict the cost after treatment.The recycling process consumes 1000 liters of solvent, and the energy consumption of the recycling equipment is 500 kWh. Based on these data, the processed cost can be calculated to be $5000. According to the prediction of nicotine content and the prediction result of processing cost, calculate the cost-benefit ratio between the recycling cost and nicotine content, and select the process with the highest benefit ratio to achieve efficient nicotine recycling.

[0130] In summary, the present invention discloses a method for tobacco waste conversion and monitoring. Through the processing of cigarette image data, automatic identification and separation of cigarette butts are realized. Further, by identifying the cigarette butt images, the brand of each cigarette butt and the corresponding cigarette type are determined. According to the type of cigarette butt and nicotine content, calculate the nicotine recovery content and efficiency of various cigarette butts, and select the most efficient nicotine extraction method. Considering the cigarette butt recycling efficiency and nicotine extraction efficiency comprehensively, conduct a comprehensive evaluation to determine whether there are links where the cost is greater than the benefit or the environment is polluted. When the nicotine extraction cost of certain cigarette brands is greater than the benefit or there is environmental pollution, exclude the recycling of cigarette butts of these brands. Finally, establish a model to analyze the nicotine content and cost consumed after the treatment of cigarette butts in different links, in order to predict the best recycling process to achieve the whole-process analysis and optimal treatment of cigarette recycling.

[0131] As Figure 5 shown, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a tobacco waste conversion and monitoring device 900, which may include:

[0132] The first module 901 is used to obtain cigarette butt recycling data; the cigarette butt recycling data includes cigarette image data, statistical data of the cigarette butt recycling volume and its corresponding attribute data; according to the statistical data of the cigarette butt recycling volume, analyze the cigarette butt recycling situation;

[0133] The second module 902 is used to identify cigarette butts through cigarette image data, separate the cigarette butts from other parts of the cigarette, and obtain cigarette butt images;

[0134] The third module 903 is used to judge the cigarette butt brand and cigarette butt type corresponding to each cigarette butt through the identified cigarette butt images;

[0135] The fourth module 904 is used to determine the nicotine recovery content and efficiency of each cigarette butt type according to the cigarette butt type and its corresponding nicotine content;

[0136] The fifth module 905 is used to match different nicotine extraction methods according to the cigarette butt brand and cigarette butt type to obtain the target nicotine extraction method;

[0137] The sixth module 906 is used to obtain an index of comprehensive evaluation according to the cigarette butt recycling efficiency and nicotine extraction efficiency corresponding to the target nicotine extraction method, and judge whether there are links where the nicotine extraction cost is greater than the benefit or the environment is polluted;

[0138] The seventh module 907 is used to exclude the cigarette butt recycling of the corresponding cigarette butt brand when the nicotine extraction cost of the cigarette butt brand is greater than the benefit or there is environmental pollution.

[0139] The eighth module 908 is used to establish a model to analyze the nicotine content and cost consumption of cigarette butts after being processed in different links, and predict the best recycling process.

[0140] The content of the method embodiment of the present invention is applicable to the device embodiment of the present invention. The functions specifically implemented by the device embodiment of the present invention are the same as those of the above method embodiment, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those of the above method.

[0141] The embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the above-mentioned tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method is implemented. The electronic device can be any intelligent terminal including a tablet computer, an in-vehicle computer, etc.

[0142] It can be understood that the content in the above method embodiment is applicable to the device embodiment of the present invention. The functions specifically implemented by the device embodiment of the present invention are the same as those of the above method embodiment, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those of the above method embodiment.

[0143] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 which shows the hardware structure of an electronic device 1000 according to another embodiment. The electronic device 1000 includes:

[0144] A processor 1001, which can be implemented by using a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, etc., and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0145] A memory 1002, which can be implemented in the form of a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM), etc. The memory 1002 can store an operating system and other application programs. When implementing the technical solution provided by the embodiment of this specification through software or firmware, the relevant program codes are stored in the memory 1002, and the processor 1001 is used to call and execute the tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0146] An input / output interface 1003 for implementing information input and output;

[0147] A communication interface 1004 for implementing communication interaction between this device and other devices, which can achieve communication through wired means (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.);

[0148] A bus 1005 for transmitting information between various components of the device (such as the processor 1001, the memory 1002, the input / output interface 1003, and the communication interface 1004);

[0149] Among them, the processor 1001, the memory 1002, the input / output interface 1003, and the communication interface 1004 achieve communication connections with each other inside the device through the bus 1005.

[0150] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method is implemented.

[0151] It can be understood that the content in the above method embodiments is applicable to this storage medium embodiment. The functions specifically implemented by this storage medium embodiment are the same as those in the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those in the above method embodiments.

[0152] As a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the memory can be used to store non-transitory software programs and non-transitory computer-executable programs. In addition, the memory can include high-speed random access memory, and can also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage devices. In some embodiments, the memory may optionally include a memory remotely set relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to the processor through a network. Examples of the above network include but are not limited to the Internet, an enterprise intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0153] The tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method, tobacco waste conversion and monitoring device, electronic device and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present invention obtain initial seeds and construct a seed queue using the initial seeds; wherein, the initial seeds are sorted based on a preset dataset in the field of autonomous driving, and the seeds in the seed queue represent the three-dimensional point cloud generated by the lidar system; select a preset number of target seeds from the seed queue, perform mutation operations on the target seeds to generate test seeds; input the test seeds into the deep neural network of the preset autonomous driving perception system for test prediction, and output the test seeds with the prediction result of failed test to the failure set; use the guiding indicators to process and obtain the test coverage rates of the target seeds and the test seeds, and update the seed queue according to the test seeds with improved test coverage rates relative to the target seeds; wherein, the guiding indicators include spatial coverage rate and semantic coverage rate; increment the iteration count by 1, and return to execute the step of selecting a preset number of target seeds from the seed queue until the iteration count reaches the preset maximum iteration count, and output the failure set; wherein, the iteration count is initially 0. The present invention designs a tobacco waste conversion and monitoring framework for lidar. The present invention uses mutation operations to generate test data and perform automated tests. In addition, the present invention introduces two indicators, spatial coverage and semantic coverage, to guide the test process, aiming to thoroughly search for potential defects of the lidar-based perception model by considering the scene semantics and the spatial distribution of obstacles. The present invention can efficiently achieve tobacco waste conversion and monitoring.

[0154] The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present invention are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can know that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0155] Those skilled in the art can understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention, and may include more or fewer steps than shown in the figures, or combine certain steps, or different steps.

[0156] The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0157] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, and the functional modules / units in the systems and devices can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware and their appropriate combinations.

[0158] In the description of the present invention and the above-mentioned accompanying drawings, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0159] It should be understood that in the present invention, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist at the same time. Among them, A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally means that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (one) of the following" or its similar expression means any combination of these items, including any combination of single items (ones) or plural items (ones). For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0160] In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the above-mentioned division of units is only a logical function division, and there can be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of systems or units can be in an electrical, mechanical, or other form.

[0161] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0162] In addition, in each embodiment of the present invention, the functional units can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0163] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes multiple instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store programs, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0164] The preferred embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this does not limit the scope of the rights of the embodiments of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the embodiments of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the rights of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Acquire cigarette butt recycling data; the cigarette butt recycling data includes cigarette image data and statistical data of cigarette butt recycling amount and corresponding attribute data; analyze and obtain cigarette butt recycling situation according to the statistical data of cigarette butt recycling amount; Recognize cigarette butts using the cigarette image data, separate the cigarette butts from other parts of the cigarette, and obtain a cigarette butt image; By identifying the obtained cigarette butt images, determining the cigarette butt brand and cigarette butt type corresponding to each cigarette butt; Determining the nicotine recovery content and efficiency of each type of cigarette butt according to the types of cigarette butts and their corresponding nicotine contents; According to the cigarette butt brand and the cigarette butt type, different nicotine extraction methods are matched to obtain a target nicotine extraction method; According to the cigarette butt recovery efficiency and nicotine extraction efficiency corresponding to the target nicotine extraction method, a comprehensive evaluation index is obtained to determine whether there is a link where the nicotine extraction cost is greater than the benefit or the environment is polluted; When the nicotine extraction cost of a cigarette butt brand is greater than the profit or there is environmental pollution, the corresponding cigarette butt brand will be excluded from recycling; A model was established to analyze the nicotine content and cost of cigarette butts after they were processed at different stages, and to predict the optimal recycling process.

2. The tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of analyzing the cigarette butt recycling situation based on the statistical data of the cigarette butt recycling amount comprises the following steps: Acquire the attribute data corresponding to the statistical data of the cigarette butt recycling amount; the attribute data includes recycling amount attribute, recycling point location attribute, seasonal attribute and recycling method attribute; Determine the total amount of cigarette butt recycling according to the recycling amount attribute in the statistical data, and determine the daily, weekly, monthly and annual cigarette butt recycling amounts, compare and analyze the cigarette butt recycling rates in each time period, and obtain trends and changes in cigarette butt recycling; Determine the amount of cigarette butts recycled in different regions or at different recycling points according to the location attributes of the recycling points, and draw a geographical distribution map or a heat map to determine the distribution of cigarette butt recycling points; Determine the seasonal distribution of cigarette butt recycling according to the seasonal attributes in the statistical data; then determine the amount of cigarette butt recycling in each season, and compare and analyze to obtain the differences and changes in cigarette butt recycling in different seasons; According to the attributes of the recycling methods, the contribution of different recycling methods to cigarette butt recycling is determined by counting the recycling amounts of different recycling methods, and comparing and analyzing them.

3. The tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of performing cigarette butt recognition through the cigarette image data, separating the cigarette butt from other parts of the cigarette, and obtaining a cigarette butt image comprises the following steps: Analyzing the cigarette butt region in the image as a cigarette butt candidate region based on the pixel distribution and density of the cigarette image data; In the cigarette butt candidate area, adjusting the image brightness and contrast according to the illumination intensity and angle in the image; Obtain the color contrast between the cigarette butt and other parts of the cigarette, and perform image binarization based on the threshold segmentation method; The Sobel operator is used to process the binarized image to obtain the edge information of the cigarette butt; Based on the edge information, extracting and obtaining the unique texture and surface features of the cigarette butt as cigarette butt features; Based on the connectivity between the cigarette butt and other parts of the cigarette, image connected region analysis is used to further clarify the location of the cigarette butt; the spatial relationship and distance between the cigarette butt and other parts of the cigarette are analyzed to screen out objects that are similar in shape to the cigarette butt but are not cigarette butts; The cigarette butt candidate area is compared with the cigarette butt feature, and the final cigarette butt position is confirmed using template matching to complete the separation of the cigarette butt from other parts of the cigarette.

4. The tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The types of cigarette butts include flue-cured tobacco and blended cigarettes; the method of identifying the cigarette butt images and determining the cigarette butt brands and cigarette butt types corresponding to each cigarette butt includes the following steps: Preprocessing the input cigarette butt image; the preprocessing includes image denoising, graying and edge detection; By image segmentation and HOG feature extraction, the logo and trademark or text information on the pre-processed cigarette butt image is separated from the background, and its identification features are extracted; Compare the extracted identification features with a database of known brands, and use HOG feature extraction to determine the cigarette butt brand corresponding to the cigarette to which the cigarette butt belongs; According to the shape of the cigarette on the cigarette butt image and the identification feature, the type of the cigarette butt is determined to be the flue-cured cigarette or the blended cigarette through HOG feature extraction and K-mean algorithm.

5. The tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cigarette butt recovery data also includes sampling test results of cigarette butts, and the sampling test results include nicotine content corresponding to the cigarette butts; the nicotine recovery content and efficiency of each type of cigarette butts are determined according to the types of cigarette butts and their corresponding nicotine content, including the following steps: Based on the classified types of cigarette butts, a comparison table of the types of cigarette butts and their nicotine contents is formed according to the sampling test results of the cigarette butts; Obtain specific processing efficiency parameters through the nicotine extraction equipment manual; analyze the equipment efficiency under different environmental conditions and determine the optimal recycling environmental conditions; correct the actual recovered nicotine content based on the error range of the nicotine content measurement tool GC-FID; The collected sample data is analyzed based on the comparison table to determine the average nicotine recovery amount of each type of cigarette butt.

6. The tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of matching different nicotine extraction methods according to the cigarette butt brand and the cigarette butt type to obtain a target nicotine extraction method comprises the following steps: According to the diversity identification of the cigarette butt brands and the cigarette butt types, a database of the cigarette butt brands and the cigarette butt types is obtained; Using a K-means algorithm to group the data in the database; judging which brands or types of cigarette butts have nicotine concentrations higher than a preset concentration based on the nicotine concentration data of cigarette butts of different brands; Based on the structural difference data of the material components of cigarette butts, as well as the cigarette butt brands and the cigarette butt types, a nicotine extraction method is screened out; According to the correlation data between the material composition of cigarette butts and the extraction efficiency, the best nicotine extraction method is determined as the target nicotine extraction method; specifically, the following operations are included: Adjust the extraction conditions of the determined nicotine extraction method, including extraction solvent, extraction time and extraction temperature, to ensure maximum extraction efficiency; determine the most economical extraction method through economic evaluation of nicotine extraction methods; revise and improve the data based on standardized evaluation of nicotine concentration of cigarette butt brands and types; also include: evaluating the cost of each nicotine extraction method and the economic benefits after extraction, and determining the nicotine extraction method with the best economic benefits.

7. The tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a comprehensive evaluation index based on the cigarette butt recovery efficiency and nicotine extraction efficiency corresponding to the target nicotine extraction method, and judging whether there is a link where the nicotine extraction cost is greater than the benefit or the environment is polluted: Based on the concentration distribution of multiple chemical components in the cigarette butt recycling process corresponding to the target nicotine extraction method, PCA is used to analyze the cigarette butt components to identify key components; The extraction method is optimized by analyzing the feasibility and stability of the target nicotine extraction method; specifically, the following operations are included: Determine the long-term impact of cigarette butt recycling and treatment on the ecosystem based on changes in microbial population distribution in environmental impact analysis; Determine the waste treatment options through environmental toxicity analysis comparing the generated waste with the raw materials; Calculate the supply chain costs of cigarette butt recycling and treatment, and obtain the correlation analysis between cost and recycling efficiency; Based on the analysis of the effect of the physical structure of cigarette butts on extraction efficiency, a linear regression algorithm was used to predict the extraction efficiency. Among them, when the purity of nicotine after extraction is low or the applicability of downstream applications is poor, the extraction parameters are adjusted; by analyzing the external impurities that may be introduced during the extraction process, the strategy to reduce impurities is determined; if the greenhouse gas emissions generated during the recovery and extraction process exceed the standard, the treatment strategy is adjusted to reduce emissions based on the prediction results of the linear regression algorithm; the decision tree algorithm is used to optimize the recovery process of nicotine in cigarette butts, and remove or optimize the links where the cost is greater than the benefit or pollutes the environment.

8. The tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the nicotine extraction cost of a cigarette butt brand is greater than the benefit or there is environmental pollution, excluding the corresponding cigarette butt brand from recycling, comprising the following steps: By evaluating the cost of extracting nicotine from cigarette butts of each of the cigarette butt brands, the resource and labor costs required in the collection, processing and extraction processes are obtained; Evaluate the economic benefits of nicotine extraction, including sales revenue and profits, and determine the benefits of nicotine extraction; Assess the environmental pollution caused by the nicotine extraction process of this brand of cigarette butts, and then determine the environmental pollution caused by the nicotine extraction process; By comparing the resource and labor costs, the economic benefits and the environmental pollution of nicotine extraction, when the nicotine extraction cost of any cigarette butt brand is greater than the benefits or there is environmental pollution, the cigarette butt recycling of that cigarette butt brand will be excluded, otherwise the cigarette butt recycling of that cigarette butt brand will continue.

9. The tobacco waste conversion and monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of establishing a model to analyze the nicotine content and cost of cigarette butts after different steps of treatment and predicting the best recycling process includes the following steps: Acquire material data of cigarette butts according to the characteristic data of different cigarette butt brands and types; the characteristic data includes size, shape and material attributes; Using different nicotine extraction methods to obtain nicotine extraction efficiency under different nicotine extraction methods; the nicotine extraction methods include solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction; Setting different extraction conditions for various nicotine extraction methods, obtaining nicotine extraction efficiency data under different extraction conditions and the time required for each processing link; the extraction conditions include temperature, pressure and time parameters; Determine the initial nicotine content of cigarette butts before they go through different processing stages through random sampling tests; The changes in nicotine content in cigarette butts through various processing steps, including biodegradation, dissolution, filtration and concentration, are obtained to obtain the time required for each processing step; Evaluate the equipment, material and energy costs required for each treatment link to determine the treatment cost; then determine the comprehensive time and cost benefits and evaluate the cost-effectiveness of each treatment link; A cigarette butt nicotine recovery model is established based on the characteristic data, different nicotine extraction methods, the extraction conditions, and the mapping relationship between the initial nicotine content and the processing link attributes. The nicotine content after processing and the expected processing cost as well as the optimal recovery process are predicted through the cigarette butt nicotine recovery model; the processing link attributes include the time required for each processing link and the cost-effectiveness.

10. A tobacco waste conversion and monitoring device, characterized in that: The device comprises: The first module is used to obtain cigarette butt recycling data; the cigarette butt recycling data includes cigarette image data and statistical data of cigarette butt recycling amount and corresponding attribute data; according to the statistical data of the cigarette butt recycling amount, the cigarette butt recycling situation is analyzed; The second module is used to identify cigarette butts through the cigarette image data, separate the cigarette butts from other parts of the cigarette, and obtain a cigarette butt image; The third module is used to determine the cigarette butt brand and cigarette butt type corresponding to each cigarette butt by identifying the cigarette butt image obtained; The fourth module is used to determine the nicotine recovery content and efficiency of each type of cigarette butts according to the types of cigarette butts and their corresponding nicotine contents; The fifth module is used to match different nicotine extraction methods according to the cigarette butt brand and the cigarette butt type to obtain a target nicotine extraction method; The sixth module is used to obtain a comprehensive evaluation index based on the cigarette butt recovery efficiency and nicotine extraction efficiency corresponding to the target nicotine extraction method, and determine whether there is a link where the nicotine extraction cost is greater than the benefit or pollutes the environment; The seventh module is used to exclude the recycling of cigarette butts of a certain brand when the nicotine extraction cost of the brand is greater than the profit or there is environmental pollution; The eighth module is used to establish a model to analyze the nicotine content and cost of cigarette butts after they are processed at different stages, and to predict the best recycling process.

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