Signal transmission method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a signal transmission method and device. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out transformation precoding on a PBCH time domain signal to obtain a PBCH frequency domain signal; generating at least one frequency domain signal; wherein each frequency domain signal in the at least one frequency domain signal is generated based on a Gray complementary sequence; generating an SSB according to the at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal; wherein the at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal occupy different symbols; and outputting the SSB. In the method, the at least one frequency domain signal in the SSB is generated based on the Gray complementary sequence, so that the PAPR of the at least one frequency domain signal in the SSB can be improved, and the system performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a signal transmission method and apparatus. Background Art

[0002] A synchronization signal block (SSB) consists of a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). In the fifth-generation (5G) communication system, the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the PSS and SSS is lower than that of the PBCH signal, and there will be no performance loss. th In the fifth-generation (5G) communication system, the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the PSS and SSS is lower than that of the PBCH signal, and there will be no performance loss.

[0003] However, with the evolution of communication systems, such as the sixth-generation (6G) communication system, the frequency bands used for downlink transmission may be different. When the PBCH signal uses downlink single-carrier transmission, the PAPR of the PSS and SSS will be higher than that of the PBCH signal, resulting in an increase in the power back-off of the system and performance loss. th However, with the evolution of communication systems, such as the sixth-generation (6G) communication system, the frequency bands used for downlink transmission may be different. When the PBCH signal uses downlink single-carrier transmission, the PAPR of the PSS and SSS will be higher than that of the PBCH signal, resulting in an increase in the power back-off of the system and performance loss. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a signal transmission method and apparatus for improving the PAPR of at least one frequency-domain signal (such as PSS, SSS, etc.) in the SSB and enhancing system performance.

[0005] In a first aspect, a signal transmission method is provided. This method can be executed by a first communication device. Without special indication, the "first communication device" in this application can refer to the first communication device itself (for example, a network device, a terminal device), or a component in the first communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logical module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first communication device. The method includes: performing transform precoding on the PBCH time-domain signal to obtain the PBCH frequency-domain signal; generating at least one frequency-domain signal; where each frequency-domain signal in the at least one frequency-domain signal is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence; generating an SSB according to the at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal; where the at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal occupy different symbols; and outputting the SSB.

[0006] In the above solution, at least one frequency-domain signal (such as PSS, SSS, etc.) in the SSB is generated based on the Gray complementary sequence, which can improve the PAPR of at least one frequency-domain signal in the SSB. For example, the PAPR of at least one frequency-domain signal in the SSB can be made lower than the PAPR of the PBCH signal in the SSB, thereby improving the system performance.

[0007] In a possible design, at least one frequency-domain signal includes PSS and / or SSS. In other words, in the SSB, only PSS can be generated based on the Gray complementary sequence, or only SSS can be generated based on the Gray complementary sequence, or both PSS and SSS can be generated based on the Gray complementary sequence.

[0008] In a possible design, generating at least one frequency-domain signal may include: determining a first Gray complementary sequence according to the cell identification information; generating a first frequency-domain signal according to the first Gray complementary sequence, and at least one frequency-domain signal includes the first frequency-domain signal; wherein, the cell identification information is related to the type of the first frequency-domain signal, and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is PSS or SSS.

[0009] In this way, it can be realized that the cell identification information is carried in the generation information of the Gray complementary sequence, ensuring the original performance of PSS and / or SSS (that is, carrying the cell identification information).

[0010] In a possible design, determining the first Gray complementary sequence according to the cell identification information may include: determining a first parameter according to the cell identification information; determining the first Gray complementary sequence based on the first parameter, and the first Gray complementary sequence is a function of the first parameter.

[0011] For example, the cell identification information is the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is PSS;

[0012] The first parameter and the second cell identification Cell_ID(2) satisfy the following relationship:

[0013] c_init = c1 * Cell_ID(2);

[0014] Wherein, c_init represents the first parameter, c1 is related to the number of candidate values of the cell identification Cell_ID and the number of candidate values of the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the cell identification includes the second cell identification Cell_ID(2) and the first cell identification Cell_ID(1).

[0015] For example, the cell identification information is the first cell identification Cell_ID(1), and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is SSS;

[0016] The first parameter and the first cell identification Cell_ID(1) satisfy the following relationship:

[0017] c_init = Cell_ID(1) mod c2;

[0018] Wherein, c_init represents the first parameter, and c2 is the number of candidate values of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1).

[0019] For example, the cell identifier information includes the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) and the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency domain signal is SSS;

[0020] The first parameter, the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), and the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) satisfy the following relationship:

[0021]

[0022] Wherein, c_init represents the first parameter, c2 is the number of candidate values of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), c3 is the sequence interval step size 1 of SSS, and c4 is the sequence interval step size 2 of SSS.

[0023] Of course, the above are only examples, and the relationship between the actual cell identifier information and the first parameter is not limited to the above.

[0024] In a possible design, generating at least one frequency domain signal may include: cyclically shifting the second Golay complementary sequence according to the cell identifier information; generating a second frequency domain signal based on the cyclically shifted second Golay complementary sequence, and the at least one frequency domain signal includes the second frequency domain signal.

[0025] In this way, it is possible to indicate the cell identifier information by cyclically shifting the Golay complementary sequence, and ensure the original performance of PSS and / or SSS (i.e., carrying cell identifier information).

[0026] In a possible design, the cell identifier information is the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), and the second frequency domain signal is PSS; or, the cell identifier information is the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), and the second frequency domain signal is SSS; or, the cell identifier information includes the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) and the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), and the second frequency domain signal is SSS.

[0027] Of course, the above are only examples, and the actual situation is not limited to this.

[0028] In a possible design, at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal are mapped to the same frequency domain resource.

[0029] In this way, at least one frequency-domain signal can be implemented as the main pilot of the PBCH signal (such as DMRS). For example, PSS and / or SSS can be used to perform channel estimation on the PBCH signal, which can save the pilot overhead of the PBCH signal. Moreover, since the Golay complementary sequence has the properties of low PAPR and frequency-domain flatness, it also helps to improve the channel estimation quality of the PBCH signal.

[0030] In a possible design, generating at least one frequency-domain signal may include: obtaining a third frequency-domain signal by extending a third Golay complementary sequence; where the at least one frequency-domain signal includes the third frequency-domain signal, and the length to which the third Golay complementary sequence is extended is related to the length of the PBCH frequency-domain signal.

[0031] In this way, it can be achieved that at least one frequency-domain signal generated based on the Golay complementary sequence has the same length as the PBCH frequency-domain signal (or occupies the same frequency-domain bandwidth), thereby ensuring the accuracy of performing channel estimation on the PBCH signal based on the at least one frequency-domain signal.

[0032] In a second aspect, a signal transmission method is provided. This method can be executed by a second communication device. Without special specification, the "second communication device" in this application can refer to the second communication device itself (for example, a terminal device, a network device), or a component in the second communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or it can also be a logical module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes: receiving an SSB; the SSB includes at least one frequency-domain signal and a PBCH frequency-domain signal, and each frequency-domain signal in the at least one frequency-domain signal is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence; performing downlink synchronization based on the SSB.

[0033] In the above solution, since at least one frequency-domain signal in the SSB received by the second communication device is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence pair, the PAPR of at least one frequency-domain signal in the SSB is improved. For example, the PAPR of at least one frequency-domain signal in the SSB is made lower than the PAPR of the PBCH signal in the SSB, which ensures the improvement of system performance.

[0034] In a possible design, the at least one frequency-domain signal includes PSS and / or SSS.

[0035] In a possible design, performing downlink synchronization based on the SSB may include: determining P Gray complementary sequences according to P candidate values of the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), where P is a positive integer; performing peak search on the PSS in the SSB based on the P Gray complementary sequences; determining the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS according to the maximum peak searched, performing synchronization processing on the PSS according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS; and determining the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) according to the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak searched.

[0036] In this way, it is possible to ensure correct parsing of the PSS and complete downlink synchronization of the PSS.

[0037] In a possible design, performing downlink synchronization based on the SSB may further include: performing first synchronization processing on the SSS in the SSB according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS; determining Q Gray complementary sequences according to Q candidate values of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), where Q is a positive integer; performing peak search on the SSS after the first synchronization processing based on the Q Gray complementary sequences; determining the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS according to the maximum peak searched, performing second synchronization processing on the SSS according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS; and determining the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) according to the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak searched.

[0038] In this way, it is possible to ensure correct parsing of the SSS and complete downlink synchronization of the SSS.

[0039] In a possible design, at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal are mapped to the same frequency-domain resource.

[0040] In this way, at least one frequency-domain signal can be used as the main pilot (such as DMRS) of the PBCH signal. For example, PSS and / or SSS can be used to perform channel estimation on the PBCH signal.

[0041] In a possible design, channel estimation can also be performed on the PBCH frequency-domain signal based on at least one frequency-domain signal.

[0042] In this way, the pilot overhead of the PBCH signal can be saved. And since the Gray complementary sequence has the properties of low PAPR and frequency-domain flatness at the same time, it is also helpful to improve the quality of channel estimation.

[0043] In a third aspect, a communication device is provided, and the device includes modules, units or technical means for implementing the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0044] Exemplarily, the device may include:

[0045] A processing module performs transform precoding on the PBCH time-domain signal to obtain the PBCH frequency-domain signal; generates at least one frequency-domain signal; wherein each of the at least one frequency-domain signals is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence; generates an SSB according to the at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal; wherein the at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal occupy different symbols.

[0046] A transceiver module is used to output the SSB.

[0047] In a possible design, the at least one frequency-domain signal includes the PSS and / or the SSS.

[0048] In a possible design, the processing module can be used to: determine a first Golay complementary sequence according to cell identification information; generate a first frequency-domain signal according to the first Golay complementary sequence, and the at least one frequency-domain signal includes the first frequency-domain signal; wherein the cell identification information is related to the type of the first frequency-domain signal, and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is the PSS or the SSS.

[0049] In a possible design, the processing module can be used to: determine a first parameter according to cell identification information; determine a first Golay complementary sequence based on the first parameter, and the first Golay complementary sequence is a function of the first parameter.

[0050] In a possible design, the cell identification information is the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is the PSS.

[0051] The first parameter and the second cell identification Cell_ID(2) satisfy the following relationship:

[0052] c_init = c1 * Cell_ID(2);

[0053] Wherein, c_init represents the first parameter, c1 is related to the number of candidate values of the cell identification Cell_ID and the number of candidate values of the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the cell identification includes the second cell identification Cell_ID(2) and the first cell identification Cell_ID(1).

[0054] In a possible design, the cell identification information is the first cell identification Cell_ID(1), and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is the SSS.

[0055] The first parameter and the first cell identification Cell_ID(1) satisfy the following relationship:

[0056] c_init = Cell_ID(1) mod c2;

[0057] Among them, c_init represents the first parameter, and c2 is the number of candidate values of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1).

[0058] In a possible design, the cell identifier information includes a first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) and a second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is SSS;

[0059] The first parameter, the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), and the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) satisfy the following relationship:

[0060]

[0061] Among them, c_init represents the first parameter, c2 is the number of candidate values of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), c3 is the sequence interval step size 1 of the SSS, and c4 is the sequence interval step size 2 of the SSS.

[0062] In a possible design, the processing module can be used to: perform a cyclic shift on the second Golay complementary sequence according to the cell identifier information; generate a second frequency-domain signal based on the cyclically shifted second Golay complementary sequence, and at least one frequency-domain signal includes the second frequency-domain signal.

[0063] In a possible design, the cell identifier information is the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), and the second frequency-domain signal is PSS; or, the cell identifier information is the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), and the second frequency-domain signal is SSS; or, the cell identifier information includes the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) and the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), and the second frequency-domain signal is SSS.

[0064] In a possible design, at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal are mapped to the same frequency-domain resource.

[0065] In a possible design, the processing module can be used to: obtain a third frequency-domain signal by extending a third Golay complementary sequence; among them, at least one frequency-domain signal includes the third frequency-domain signal, and the length to which the third Golay complementary sequence is extended is related to the length of the PBCH frequency-domain signal.

[0066] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, and the device includes modules, units, or technical means for implementing the method described in the second aspect or any one of the possible designs of the second aspect.

[0067] Exemplarily, the device may include:

[0068] A transceiver module for receiving SSB; the SSB includes at least one frequency-domain signal and a PBCH frequency-domain signal, and each of the at least one frequency-domain signals is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence;

[0069] A processing module for performing downlink synchronization based on the SSB.

[0070] In a possible design, the at least one frequency-domain signal includes PSS and / or SSS.

[0071] In a possible design, the processing module can be used to: determine P Golay complementary sequences according to P candidate values of the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), where P is a positive integer; perform peak search on the PSS in the SSB based on the P Golay complementary sequences; determine the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS according to the maximum peak searched, perform synchronization processing on the PSS according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS; and determine the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) according to the Golay complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak searched.

[0072] In a possible design, the processing module can also be used to: perform first synchronization processing on the SSS in the SSB according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS; determine Q Golay complementary sequences according to Q candidate values of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), where Q is a positive integer; perform peak search on the SSS after the first synchronization processing based on the Q Golay complementary sequences; determine the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS according to the maximum peak searched, perform second synchronization processing on the SSS according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS; and determine the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) according to the Golay complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak searched.

[0073] In a possible design, the at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal are mapped to the same frequency-domain resource.

[0074] In a possible design, the processing module can also be used to: perform channel estimation on the PBCH frequency-domain signal based on the at least one frequency-domain signal.

[0075] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes a processor and an interface circuit. The interface circuit is electrically coupled to the processor. The processor enables the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect to be executed through a logic circuit or by executing code instructions, or enables the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect to be executed.

[0076] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer program or instruction is run, the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect is executed, or the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect is executed.

[0077] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided, including an instruction. When it runs on a computer, the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect is executed, or the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect is executed.

[0078] In an eighth aspect, a communication system is provided, including a first communication device and a second communication device. The first communication device is configured to execute the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, and the second communication device is configured to execute the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.

[0079] For the specific designs and beneficial effects of the above third aspect to the eighth aspect, reference may be made to the corresponding designs and beneficial effects in the first aspect to the second aspect. Description of the Drawings

[0080] Figure 1 It is a processing flow chart of a DFT-s-OFDM signal;

[0081] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an SSB frame structure;

[0082] Figure 3 It is a comparison chart of the PAPR of an m-sequence and a PBCH;

[0083] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] Figure 5 It is a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a possible frame structure of an SSB provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of performing cyclic shift on Gray complementary sequences;

[0087] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a set of experimental data provided by an implementation of the present application;

[0088] Figure 9 It is a flow chart of another signal transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] Figure 10 A schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] Figure 11 A schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Specific embodiments

[0091] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, some terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are first explained and described below.

[0092] (1) In the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality of" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after. In addition, it should be understood that although terms such as first and second may be used to describe various objects in the embodiments of the present invention, these objects should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish each object from each other.

[0093] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally further includes other steps or units not listed, or optionally further includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to represent examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design solution described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be construed as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0094] (2) Single carrier and multi-carrier:

[0095] A single carrier means convolving a serially arranged transmission signal with a roll-off filter to form a transmission signal; a multi-carrier means arranging the transmission signals in parallel and forming the transmission signal by means of inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT).

[0096] Exemplarily, the single-carrier waveform can be a single carrier - quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-QAM) waveform, and the multi-carrier waveform can be an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform. In addition, the discrete fourier transformation - spread - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) waveform is almost equivalent to the traditional single-carrier waveform, but it uses a multi-carrier implementation method, so it is easy to be compatible with OFDM. However, its essence is still a single-carrier waveform, so it can also be considered as a single carrier.

[0097] Figure 1 It is a signal processing flowchart of a transmitter of a network device or a terminal device when communicating between the network device and the terminal device using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform.

[0098] As Figure 1 shown, the transmitter modulates the encoded bit stream to obtain a modulated data sequence. The transmitter performs time-domain resource mapping on the reference signal sequence and the modulated sequence (i.e., determines time-domain resources for each sequence, such as determining the OFDM symbols carrying each sequence). The reference signal sequence is, for example, at least one of a De-modulation Reference Signal (DMRS) sequence, a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) sequence, a tracking reference signal (TRS) sequence, or a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) sequence; performs transform precoding on the sequence after time-domain resource mapping (such as a discrete fourier transformation (DFT) operation to transform it to the frequency domain); performs subcarrier mapping on the sequence after DFT (such as mapping it to a resource element (RE)); performs IFFT on the sequence after subcarrier mapping and superimposes a cyclic prefix (CP) to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM sequence.

[0099] A receiver is a process opposite to that of a transmitter. For example, after the receiver obtains the DFT-s-OFDM sequence, it removes the superimposed CP in the sequence and performs operations such as DFT, subcarrier demapping, and IDFT, etc., to recover the reference signal sequence, the encoded bit stream, etc.

[0100] It can be understood that Figure 1 the related operations in [[ ]] are only taken as an example. Optionally, it may also include other possible operations, such as at least one of frequency-domain spectrum shaping, serial-to-parallel conversion, parallel-to-serial conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, power amplification, low-noise amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, etc.

[0101] (3) PAPR:

[0102] Observed from the time domain, a wireless signal is a sine wave with continuously changing amplitude, and the amplitude is not constant. The peak amplitude of the signal in one period is different from that in other periods. Therefore, the average power and peak power in each period are different. Over a relatively long period of time, the peak power is the maximum transient power that appears with a certain probability, usually the probability is taken as 0.01% (i.e., 10^-4). The ratio of the peak power at this probability to the total average power of the system is the PAPR.

[0103] (4) Golay complementary sequences and Golay complementary sequence pairs:

[0104] For two sequences a = (a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , …, a n-1 ) and b = (b 0 , b 1 , b 2 , …, b n-1 ) of length n, let:

[0105]

[0106] If sequences a and b meet the following requirements, then sequences a and b form a Golay complementary sequence pair (or form a pair of Golay complementary sequences), a is a Golay complementary sequence, and b is a Golay complementary sequence:

[0107] For any 0 < j < n - 1, G a (j) + G b (j) = 0, and when j = 0, G a (j) + G b (j) = 2n.

[0108] In other words, in a Golay complementary sequence pair, the sum of the autocorrelations of the two sequences is 0 when j is not 0, and the sum is 2n when j is 0.

[0109] It can be understood that for sequence a, in addition to sequence b, there may be other sequences that meet the above requirements with sequence a. For sequence b, in addition to sequence a, there may be other sequences that meet the above requirements with sequence b. Therefore, the number of Gray complementary sequences in a Gray complementary sequence pair can be 2 or more than 2.

[0110] According to the type of elements included in the Gray complementary sequence, the Gray complementary sequence can be divided into binary Gray complementary sequence, quaternary Gray complementary sequence, and multi - element Gray complementary sequence, etc.

[0111] (5) Synchronization signal and PBCH block (SSB):

[0112] SSB includes the primary synchronization signal (PSS), the secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and the physical broadcast channel (PBCH) signal.

[0113] PSS: The signal that the UE searches for first when it powers on and enters the new radio (NR) system is the PSS. At this stage, the UE searches for cells on the given carrier frequency. Once the UE detects the PSS, it will synchronize to the PSS period.

[0114] SSS: Once the UE detects the PSS, it also knows the transmission timing of the SSS. By detecting the SSS, the UE can determine the physical cell ID (PCI) of the cell.

[0115] PBCH: The main information carried on the PBCH is the master information block (MIB). The MIB contains information such as the system frame number, cell occlusion identifier, and the parameter set of the system information block (SIB). The UE obtains the remaining system information broadcast by the network based on this information.

[0116] The SSB frame structure in the 5G system: Each SSB occupies 4 consecutive symbols in the time domain and 20 RBs (i.e., 240 sub - carriers) in the frequency domain. See Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the SSB frame structure in the 5G system. PSS and SSS respectively occupy 127 subcarriers in the first symbol and 127 subcarriers in the third symbol of the SSB. PBCH occupies the second symbol and the fourth symbol of the SSB, and also occupies 48 subcarriers at both ends of SSS in the third symbol.

[0117] Since OFDM is used for 5G downlink, that is, the signal is placed in the frequency-domain transmission mode, the design of SSB in the 5G system does not consider the PAPR problem. However, considering the evolution of communication systems (such as 6G), higher frequency bands will be used to transmit SSB, and in order to further improve coverage, single-carrier transmission may be used for downlink, then the requirement for PAPR is higher.

[0118] For example, in the 5G system, 3GPP discussed generating PSS and SSS using the longest linear feedback shift register sequence (m-sequence). See Figure 3 , the PAPR of PSS and SSS in 5G (that is, the m-sequence shown in Figure 3 ) is lower than that of the 5G PBCH signal and will not cause performance loss. In the 6G system, if a higher frequency band carrier is used and the 6G PBCH signal uses downlink single-carrier, then the PAPR of PSS and SSS generated in the 5G manner (that is, the m-sequence shown in Figure 3 ) will be higher than the PAPR of the PBCH signal, resulting in an increase in the power back-off of the system and causing performance loss.

[0119] In view of this, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are provided to design a new generation method for PSS and / or SSS to ensure that the PAPR of PSS and / or SSS is lower than that of the PBCH signal and guarantee communication performance.

[0120] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication system, such as the new radio (NR) system, the sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication system, the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), the wireless local area network (WLAN), the wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, and other future evolved communication systems.

[0121] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to the following scenarios: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), multi-site transmission (a terminal device transmits signals with multiple sites), backhaul scenarios, wireless to the x (WTTx), device to device (D2D), or other scenarios with high timing requirements or high transmission rate requirements.

[0122] Exemplarily, Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 4 shown, the communication system may include one or more network devices and one or more terminal devices. Among them, the interface between the network device and the terminal device may be a Uu interface (or called an air interface), and data transmission may be performed between the network device and the terminal device through air interface resources.

[0123] Figure 4 FIG. exemplarily shows the scenarios applicable to the embodiments of the present application, that is, eMBB ( Figure 4 shown by the solid line in FIG.), multi-site transmission ( Figure 4 shown by the dashed line ① in FIG.), backhaul scenario ( Figure 4 shown by the dashed line ② in FIG.), D2D ( Figure 4 shown by the dashed line ③ in FIG.). It should be understood that Figure 4 the four scenarios shown in FIG. are only examples, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0124] The network device may be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, a base station in a 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, etc.; it may also be a module or unit that completes some functions of the base station. For example, it may be a central unit (CU) or a distributed unit (DU). The access network device may be a macro base station (such as Figure 4 110a in FIG.), or a micro base station or an indoor station (such as Figure 4In 110b), it can also be a relay node, a donor node, etc. Embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies and specific device forms adopted by the access network devices. In the embodiments of this application, a base station is used as an example of an access network device for description.

[0125] In a possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes cooperate to assist a terminal in achieving wireless access, and different RAN nodes respectively implement some functions of the base station. For example, the RAN node can be a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), etc. The CU and the DU can be set separately, or can also be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, such as included in a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0126] In different systems, the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an open radio access network (O-RAN or open RAN or ORAN) system, the CU can also be called an O-CU (open CU), the DU can also be called an O-DU, the CU-CP can also be called an O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be called an O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be called an O-RU. For ease of description, in this application, the CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU are used as examples for description. Any one of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0127] A terminal device can also be referred to as a terminal, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminal devices can be widely applied in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle to everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart city, etc. Terminal devices can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver functions, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, etc. Embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies and specific device forms adopted by the terminal device.

[0128] The base station and the UE can be fixed in position or movable. The base station and the UE can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; they can also be deployed on airplanes, balloons, and artificial satellites in the air. Embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of the base station and the UE.

[0129] Communication can be carried out between the base station and the UE, between the base station and the base station, and between the UE and the UE through authorized spectrum, or through unlicensed spectrum, or through both authorized spectrum and unlicensed spectrum at the same time; communication can be carried out through spectrum below 6 gigahertz (GHz), or through spectrum above 6 GHz, or through both spectrum below 6 GHz and spectrum above 6 GHz at the same time. Embodiments of this application do not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.

[0130] The communication system and scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. Those of ordinary skill in the art know that with the evolution of the network architecture and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0131] In the embodiments of this application, the waveform used for communication between the network device and the terminal device can be a single-carrier waveform, or it can also be a multi-carrier waveform. In the embodiments of this application, the DFT-s-OFDM waveform is taken as an example for description.

[0132] See Figure 5 , a signal transmission method provided by the embodiments of this application, which can be applied toFigure 4 The communication system shown. This method can be executed by a first communication device. Without special indication, the "first communication device" in this application can refer to the first communication device itself (for example, Figure 4 the network device or terminal device shown in), or a component in the first communication device (such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or it can also be a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first communication device. The method includes S101 to S104:

[0133] S101. Perform transform precoding on the PBCH time-domain signal to obtain the PBCH frequency-domain signal.

[0134] Among them, the PBCH time-domain signal is the signal before the PBCH signal undergoes transform-domain precoding, and the PBCH frequency-domain signal is the signal after the PBCH signal is mapped to frequency-domain resources. In some embodiments, the PBCH time-domain signal and / or the PBCH frequency-domain signal can be simply referred to as the PBCH signal.

[0135] Performing transform precoding on the PBCH time-domain signal means transforming the PBCH time-domain signal from the time domain to the frequency domain. For example, by performing DFT processing on the PBCH time-domain signal, the PBCH frequency-domain signal can be obtained.

[0136] In the embodiments of this application, the DFT-s-OFDM waveform can be used to transmit the PBCH time-domain signal. For example, referring to Figure 1 the transmitter structure shown, here performing transform-domain coding on the PBCH time-domain signal can be executed after time-domain resource mapping and before subcarrier mapping.

[0137] In some embodiments, the PBCH time-domain signal can also be replaced with other names such as a PBCH time-domain sequence or at least one PBCH time-domain symbol; the PBCH frequency-domain signal can also be replaced with other names such as a PBCH frequency-domain sequence or a PBCH frequency-domain symbol.

[0138] S102. Generate at least one frequency-domain signal.

[0139] Among them, each frequency-domain signal in the at least one frequency-domain signal is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence. The at least one frequency-domain signal can include PSS and / or SSS. It can be understood that the frequency-domain signal can also be replaced with other names such as a frequency-domain sequence or a frequency-domain symbol, without limitation.

[0140] In a possible implementation, at least one frequency-domain signal is the PSS, that is, the PSS is generated based on the Gray complementary sequence. The SSS can be generated based on other sequences. For example, the SSS is generated based on the Gold sequence or the Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this. In this case, the frame structure of the SSB can be a structure in which the SSS and the PBCH signal overlap in the time domain. For example, Figure 3 the frame structure shown.

[0141] In another possible implementation, at least one frequency-domain signal may include the PSS and the SSS, that is, the PSS and the SSS are generated based on the Gray complementary sequence. Among them, the PSS and the SSS can be generated by the same Gray complementary sequence or different Gray complementary sequences. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this. When the PSS and the SSS are generated by different Gray complementary sequences, the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the PSS and the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the SSS may form a Gray complementary sequence pair or may not form a Gray complementary sequence pair. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0142] In this case, the frame structure of the SSB can be a structure in which the SSS and the PBCH signal do not overlap in the time domain. For example, see Figure 6 , which is a schematic diagram of a possible frame structure of the SSB provided by the embodiments of the present application. The PSS, SSS, and PBCH signals respectively occupy different time-domain symbols.

[0143] Optionally, at least one frequency-domain signal is a pilot signal (or at least one frequency-domain signal can be used as a pilot signal). The PSS, SSS, and PBCH can be mapped to the same frequency-domain resource (or occupy the same bandwidth), as Figure 6 shown. In this way, it can be realized that the PSS and / or the SSS are used as the main pilots (such as DMRS) of the PBCH signal, that is, the PSS and / or the SSS can be used to perform channel estimation on the PBCH signal, and the pilot (such as DMRS) overhead on the PBCH can be saved.

[0144] It can be understood that the PSS and the SSS respectively need to carry their corresponding cell identification information. For example, the PSS needs to carry the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the SSS needs to carry the first cell identification Cell_ID(1) or the SSS needs to carry the first cell identification Cell_ID(1) and the second cell identification Cell_ID(2).

[0145] The following introduces several possible design methods for the PSS and / or the SSS to carry cell identification information:

[0146] In a possible design, the first communication device may generate a Golay complementary sequence based on the cell identification information, or the first communication device may carry the cell identification information in the generation information of the Golay complementary sequence.

[0147] Exemplarily, generating at least one frequency-domain signal includes: determining a first Golay complementary sequence according to the cell identification information; generating a first frequency-domain signal according to the first Golay complementary sequence, and the at least one frequency-domain signal includes the first frequency-domain signal (or the first frequency-domain signal is one of the at least one frequency-domain signal). Wherein, the cell identification information is related to the type of the first frequency-domain signal, and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is PSS or SSS. For example, when the first frequency-domain signal is PSS, the cell identification information is Cell_ID(2); when the first frequency-domain signal is SSS, the cell identification information is Cell_ID(1), or includes Cell_ID(1) and Cell_ID(2).

[0148] The following introduces a possible way to determine the first Golay complementary sequence according to the cell identification information:

[0149] First, determine a first parameter according to the cell identification information.

[0150] For ease of description, c_init is used to represent the first parameter below.

[0151] If the first frequency-domain signal is PSS, then c_init is related to Cell_ID(2); if the first frequency-domain signal is SSS, then the first parameter c_init is related to Cell_ID(1), or is related to both Cell_ID(1) and Cell_ID(2).

[0152] Example 1: The cell identification information is Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is PSS; then c_init and Cell_ID(2) may satisfy the following relationship:

[0153] c_init = c1 * Cell_ID(2);

[0154] Wherein, c1 is related to the maximum cyclic shift length of Cell_ID(2). For example, if c1 = 43, then c_init = 43 * Cell_ID(2).

[0155] Example 2: The cell identification information is Cell_ID(1), and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is SSS; then c_init and Cell_ID(1) may satisfy the following relationship:

[0156] c_init = Cell_ID(1) mod c2;

[0157] Among them, c2 is the number s1 of candidate values of Cell_ID(1).

[0158] For example, taking s1 = 112 as an example, then c_init = Cell_ID(1) mod 112.

[0159] Example 3: The cell identification information includes Cell_ID(1) and Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is SSS; then c_init, Cell_ID(1), and Cell_ID(2) can satisfy the following relationship:

[0160]

[0161] Among them, c2 is the number s1 of candidate values of Cell_ID(1), c3 is the sequence interval step size 1 of SSS, and c4 is the sequence interval step size 2 of SSS. It can be understood that the sequence interval step size is to achieve the difference between different SSS sequences. The larger the sequence interval step size, the greater the difference between different SSS sequences.

[0162] For example, taking c2 = 112, c3 = 15, and c4 = 5 as an example,

[0163] Of course, the above are only examples of the relationship between several possible cell identification information and c_init, and the actual situation is not limited to this.

[0164] Then, determine the generating function based on the first parameter.

[0165] Exemplarily, transform c_init into binary form:

[0166] Obtain a binary vector of length N1

[0167] x = dec2bin(0:2 N1 -1), where x is a binary number matrix of 2 N1 *N1;

[0168] Then the generating function f(x) can be:

[0169] f(x) = x(:,a).*x(:,b) + x(:,b).*x(:,c) + … + x(:,N1 - 1).*x(:,N1) +

[0170]

[0171] In formula 1, what is related to c_init can be a, b,... in the generating function, or it can also be

[0172] In one possible example, the association between c_init and the generation function can be that each binary number is mapped to an addition operation, as follows:

[0173]

[0174] Where, represents the nth bit of the binary number with a value of 0 or 1. x(:, 1) is the first column of the binary number matrix. The meaning of formula 1 is that the nth bit (0 or 1) of the initial value is multiplied by a column vector and then summed to finally obtain a column vector. This column vector f(x) is used to generate Gray complementary sequences subsequently. When the initial values are different, the generated column vectors are different. Formula 1 can also be adjusted arbitrarily in terms of position, for example: or and so on.

[0175] In another possible example, the association between c_init and the generation function can also be the linking positions of a, b, and c.

[0176] For example, in formula 1, x(:, 1).*x(:, 2)+x(:, 2).*x(:, 3)+…+x(:, N1 - 1).*x(:, N1) constitutes a linking formula from 1 to N1 (from 1 to 2, 2 to 3, …, (N1 - 1) to N1). Of course, the starting and ending points of this link can be adjusted arbitrarily. As long as the link points cover all values from 1 - N1, for example, x(:, 2).*x(:, 1)+x(:, 1).*x(:, 3)+…+x(:, N1 - 1).*x(:, N1) constitutes a linking formula from 2 to N1 (from 2 to 1, 1 to 3, …, (N1 - 1) to N1). c_init can be reflected in this linking formula. For example, if c_init = 1, it represents the link from 1 - N1; if c_init = 2, it represents the link from 3 - N1, and so on.

[0177] Finally, the first Gray complementary sequence is obtained based on the generation function f(x).

[0178] For example, based on the generation function f(x), a pair of Gray complementary sequences is obtained. Taking a pair of Gray complementary sequences composed of 2 Gray complementary sequences with a length of 2 N1 as an example:

[0179] r(2n) = (-1).^f(x);

[0180] r(2n + 1) = (-1).^f(x)+x(:, 1).

[0181] Then the first Golay complementary sequence can be r(2n) or r(2n + 1).

[0182] In another possible design, the Golay complementary sequence for generating at least one frequency domain signal can be at least one fixed Golay complementary sequence (the at least one Golay complementary sequence can be specified by a protocol or pre-configured in the system, etc., without limitation). The first communication device can indicate the cell identification information by performing a cyclic shift on the Golay complementary sequence.

[0183] Exemplarily, the second Golay complementary sequence can be cyclically shifted according to the cell identification information; a second frequency domain signal is generated based on the cyclically shifted second Golay complementary sequence, and the at least one frequency domain signal includes the second frequency domain signal (or the second frequency domain signal is one of the at least one frequency domain signals).

[0184] Among them, the cell identification information is related to the type of the second frequency domain signal, and the type of the second frequency domain signal is PSS or SSS. For example, when the second frequency domain signal is PSS, the cell identification information is Cell_ID(2); when the second frequency domain signal is SSS, the cell identification information is Cell_ID(1), or includes Cell_ID(1) and Cell_ID(2).

[0185] Among them, the length of the cyclic shift is related to the value of the cell identification information.

[0186] Taking PSS as an example, there are three possible values for Cell_ID(2), namely 0, 1, and 2. Then 0, 1, and 2 can be indicated by different lengths of cyclic shifts. For example, Figure 7 as shown, when Cell_ID(2) = 0, the length of the cyclic shift is 1, when Cell_ID(2) = 1, the length of the cyclic shift is 2 N1 / 3, when Cell_ID(2) = 3, the length of the cyclic shift is 2 * 2 N1 / 3, where 2 N1 represents the length of the Golay complementary sequence. Of course, Figure 7 this is only an example, and the actual correspondence between the length of the cyclic shift and the value of Cell_ID(2) is not limited to this. For SSS, the example of PSS can be referred to, and no further examples are given here.

[0187] It can be understood that only two ways of carrying cell identification information are exemplified above, and the actual situation is not limited to this.

[0188] In some embodiments, if the length of the generated Gray complementary sequence does not equal the target length through the above method (for example, the length of the Gray complementary sequence for generating PSS is different from the length of PSS, and the length of the Gray complementary sequence for generating SSS is different from the length of SSS), the Gray complementary sequence can be extended (or expanded, processed, etc.) to the target length. Among them, the extension method can be growth or shortening, without limitation.

[0189] Taking the scenario where the length of PSS and / or SSS occupies the same bandwidth as the PBCH signal as an example (that is, the target length is equal to the length of PBCH, denoted as N), if the length of the Gray complementary sequence is different from the length of the PBCH frequency-domain signal, the Gray complementary sequence needs to be extended to the same length as the PBCH frequency-domain signal.

[0190] Exemplarily, generating at least one frequency-domain signal may further include: obtaining a third frequency-domain signal by extending a third Gray complementary sequence; where at least one frequency-domain signal includes the third frequency-domain signal (or the third frequency-domain signal is one of the at least one frequency-domain signals), and the length to which the third Gray complementary sequence is extended is related to the length of the PBCH frequency-domain signal.

[0191] The following introduces two possible extension methods:

[0192] Method 1: If N≠2 N1 , and N = 2 N1 *c N2 , where N2 is a positive integer, then the following formula can be used to extend the Gray complementary sequence N2 times:

[0193] Taking the Gray complementary sequence pair r(2n), r(2n + 1) as an example:

[0194] r′(2n) = a⊙(r(2n) + r(2n + 1)) / 2 + b⊙(r(2n) - r(2n + 1)) / 2;

[0195] r′(2n + 1) = a⊙(r(2n) + r(2n + 1)) / 2 - b⊙(r(2n) - r(2n + 1)) / 2; r′(2n + 1);

[0196] Where r′ (2n) , r′(2n + 1) are the extended Gray complementary sequence pairs; ⊙ represents convolution, and [a, b] is a Gray complementary sequence pair with length c.

[0197] Method 2: If N≠2 N1 , and N≠2 N1 *c N2, where N2 is a positive integer, the Gray complementary sequence can be directly filled or truncated to the same length as the PBCH, for example:

[0198]

[0199] where refers to the sequence generated in the previous step, for example r = r(2n), is the extension of this sequence, N refers to the length of the sequence, and M is the total extended sequence length.

[0200] It can be understood that the above extension method is only an example, and the actual situation is not limited to this.

[0201] Furthermore, after obtaining the Gray complementary sequence, at least one frequency domain signal is generated based on the Gray complementary sequence.

[0202] Exemplarily, taking the generation of the PSS sequence based on the Gray complementary sequence as an example:

[0203] d(n) = 1 - 2x(m); or d(n) = x(m);

[0204] m = (n + c_init) mod Length_Sequence;

[0205] where d(n) is the PSS sequence; n is the index value of d(n), representing the nth sequence of d(n); m is the index value of the related sequence x(m), representing the mth sequence of x(m); m is related to n and the initial value; x is the basic sequence, that is, the Gray complementary sequence obtained above; Length_Sequence is the length of the PSS sequence; 1:Length_Sequence.

[0206] S103. Generate an SSB according to at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal.

[0207] Among them, at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal occupy different symbols. It can be understood that the symbol here refers to a time domain symbol, such as an OFDM symbol, and this application does not make any restrictions.

[0208] For example, if at least one frequency domain signal includes the PSS, the PSS and the PBCH frequency domain signal occupy different symbols. Optionally, the PSS and the PBCH frequency domain signal can occupy the same bandwidth (i.e., be mapped to the same frequency domain resource), for example Figure 6 as shown. In this way, the PSS can be used as the main pilot of the PBCH frequency domain signal.

[0209] For example, if at least one frequency-domain signal includes PSS and SSS, then the PSS, SSS, and PBCH frequency-domain signals each occupy different symbols. Optionally, the PSS, SSS, and PBCH frequency-domain signals may occupy the same bandwidth (i.e., be mapped to the same frequency-domain resources), as shown in, for example Figure 6 as shown. In this way, both PSS and SSS can serve as the main pilots for the PBCH frequency-domain signal.

[0210] In a specific implementation, generating an SSB based on at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal may specifically include: combining (or concatenating) at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal into an SSB to obtain the frequency-domain SSB. Taking the example where at least one frequency-domain signal includes PSS and SSS, generating an SSB based on at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal may include: adding PSS and SSS around the PBCH frequency-domain signal.

[0211] It can be understood that the generated SSB here may refer to the SSB after frequency-domain resource mapping (or subcarrier mapping) (i.e., the frequency-domain SSB), or it may refer to the SSB after operations such as IFFT and adding CP (i.e., the time-domain SSB). This application does not make any restrictions. Optionally, generating the SSB may further include: performing operations such as IFFT and adding CP on the frequency-domain SSB to obtain the time-domain SSB.

[0212] S104. Output the SSB.

[0213] It can be understood that outputting the SSB may mean outputting the SSB to a processing unit (such as the intermediate radio frequency), or it may mean sending the SSB through a carrier. The embodiments of this application do not make any restrictions.

[0214] In the above solution, at least one frequency-domain signal (such as PSS, SSS, etc.) in the SSB is generated based on Gray complementary sequences, which can improve the PAPR of at least one frequency-domain signal in the SSB. For example, the PAPR of at least one frequency-domain signal in the SSB can be made lower than the PAPR of the PBCH signal in the SSB, improving the system performance. Moreover, the embodiments of this application also design that PSS (and / or SSS) and the PBCH signal occupy the same bandwidth, and thus PSS (and / or SSS) can be used as the main pilot for the channel estimation of the PBCH signal. Since Gray complementary sequences have the properties of both low PAPR and frequency-domain flatness, it is also helpful to improve the channel estimation quality of the PBCH and can save the pilot overhead of the PBCH signal at the same time.

[0215] For example, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a set of experimental data provided for the embodiments of this application based on the above solution. Figure 8The abscissa therein is PAPR (dB), representing the peak - to - average power ratio of the signal, and the ordinate is the complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF), representing the probability that the peak - to - average power ratio of the signal is greater than the abscissa. From Figure 8 It can be seen that for the PAPR of the PSS generated based on the above - mentioned scheme, in the part greater than 3 dB, it is lower than the PAPR of the PBCH signal.

[0216] The signal transmission method on the first communication device side is introduced above. The signal transmission method on the second communication device side is introduced below.

[0217] Refer to Figure 9 , this embodiment of the present application also provides a signal transmission method. This method can be executed by the second communication device. Without special explanation, the "second communication device" in this application can refer to the second communication device itself (for example, Figure 4 the network device or terminal device shown in

[0218] S201, receive the SSB.

[0219] Among them, the SSB includes at least one frequency - domain signal and the PBCH frequency - domain signal, and each frequency - domain signal in the at least one frequency - domain signal is generated based on the Golay complementary sequence. For the specific introduction of the SSB, at least one frequency - domain signal, the PBCH frequency - domain signal, and the Golay complementary sequence, etc., reference can be made to the relevant content above, and details will not be elaborated here.

[0220] S202, perform downlink synchronization based on the SSB.

[0221] Exemplarily, S202 may include the following steps:

[0222] 1) Synchronize the PSS in the SSB;

[0223] Exemplarily, first, determine P Golay complementary sequences according to P candidate values of the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), where P is a positive integer; among them, the candidate values of Cell_ID(2) refer to the possible values of Cell_ID(2). For example, if there are 0, 1, 2, then three Golay complementary sequences are generated according to 0, 1, 2 respectively (specifically, reference can be made to the way the first communication device generates the Golay complementary sequence based on Cell_ID(2) in the above text);

[0224] Then, based on P Golay complementary sequences, perform peak search on the PSS in the SSB to determine the maximum peak. The Golay complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak is the Golay complementary sequence used by the first terminal device to generate the PSS;

[0225] Finally, determine the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS according to the searched maximum peak, and perform synchronization processing on the PSS according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS; and, determine the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) according to the Golay complementary sequence corresponding to the searched maximum peak.

[0226] 2) After solving Cell_ID(2), synchronize the SSS;

[0227] Exemplarily, first, use the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS as the approximate timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS, and first perform the first synchronization processing on the SSS in the SSB according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS;

[0228] Then, determine Q Golay complementary sequences according to Q candidate values of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), where Q is a positive integer; among them, the candidate value of Cell_ID(1) refers to the possible value of Cell_ID(1).

[0229] Then, perform peak search on the SSS after the first synchronization processing based on the Q Golay complementary sequences; since there are many candidate values of Cell_ID(1), a blind search and matching method (such as performing sliding correlation) can be used here to determine the maximum peak. The Golay complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak is the Golay complementary sequence used by the first terminal device to generate the SSS;

[0230] Finally, determine the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS according to the searched maximum peak, and perform the second synchronization processing on the SSS according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS; and, determine the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) according to the Golay complementary sequence corresponding to the searched maximum peak.

[0231] 3) If the bandwidth occupied by the PSS and / or SSS is the same as the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH frequency-domain signal (or mapped to the same frequency-domain resources), then the PSS and / or SSS can be used to perform channel estimation on the PBCH frequency-domain signal, obtain the channel estimation performance of the PBCH frequency-domain signal, perform channel equalization on the PBCH frequency-domain signal, and demodulate the system information carried in the PBCH frequency-domain signal; if the PSS and / or SSS and the PBCH occupy different bandwidths (or mapped to different frequency-domain resources), then the DMRS configured for the PBCH frequency-domain signal can be used to perform signal estimation on the PBCH frequency-domain signal, obtain the channel estimation performance of the PBCH frequency-domain signal, perform channel equalization on the PBCH frequency-domain signal, and demodulate the system information carried in the PBCH frequency-domain signal.

[0232] In the above solution, since at least one frequency-domain signal (such as PSS, SSS, etc.) in the SSB received by the second communication device is generated based on a pair of Golay complementary sequences, the PAPR of at least one frequency-domain signal in the SSB can be improved. For example, the PAPR of at least one frequency-domain signal in the SSB can be made lower than the PAPR of the PBCH signal in the SSB, ensuring the improvement of system performance. Moreover, when the bandwidth occupied by the PSS and / or SSS is the same as the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH signal, the PSS and / or SSS can also be used as the main pilots for PBCH channel estimation. Since the Golay complementary sequence has the properties of both low PAPR and frequency-domain flatness, it is also helpful to improve the channel estimation quality of the PBCH signal and at the same time save the pilot overhead of the PBCH signal.

[0233] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application has been introduced above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The device provided in the embodiments of the present application will be introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0234] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device 300, which can be, for example, a satellite, or a base station, or a terminal, or an access point, or a chip inside a satellite, or a base station, or a terminal, or an access point. The device 300 includes modules or units or means corresponding to the method steps in the above method embodiments. The functions or units or means can be implemented by software, or by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.

[0235] Exemplarily, referring to Figure 10 , the device 300 may include a processing module 301 and a transceiver module 302.

[0236] When the device 300 is located in the first communication device:

[0237] The processing module 301 performs transform precoding on the PBCH time-domain signal to obtain the PBCH frequency-domain signal; generates at least one frequency-domain signal; wherein each of the at least one frequency-domain signals is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence; generates a synchronization signal block SSB according to the at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal; wherein the at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal occupy different symbols.

[0238] The transceiver module 302 is configured to output the SSB.

[0239] When the device 300 is located at a second communication device:

[0240] The transceiver module 302 receives the SSB; the SSB includes at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal, and each of the at least one frequency-domain signals is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence.

[0241] The processing module 301 performs downlink synchronization based on the SSB.

[0242] It should be understood that all relevant content of each step involved in the above method embodiment can be cited in the function description of the corresponding functional module, and will not be elaborated here.

[0243] See Figure 11 , this application embodiment also provides a communication device 400, including:

[0244] At least one processor 401; and a communication interface 403 communicatively connected to the at least one processor 401; the at least one processor 401 executes instructions stored in the memory 402, so that the device executes the method steps in the above method embodiment through the communication interface 403.

[0245] Optionally, the memory 402 is located outside the device 400.

[0246] Optionally, the device 400 includes the memory 402, the memory 402 is connected to the at least one processor 401, and the memory 402 stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 401. Attached Figure 11 The dashed line indicates that the memory 402 is optional for the device 400.

[0247] Wherein, the processor 401 and the memory 402 can be coupled through an interface circuit or integrated together, which is not limited here.

[0248] In this application embodiment, the specific connection medium between the above processor 401, memory 402 and communication interface 403 is not limited. This application embodiment is in Figure 11In the [description], the processor 401, the memory 402, and the communication interface 403 are connected via a bus 404. The bus is represented by a thick line in the [description]. The connection manners between other components are only for illustrative purposes and are not limited thereto. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For the sake of convenience of representation, Figure 11 in the [description], it is represented by only one thick line, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus. Figure 11 in the [description], it is represented by only one thick line, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0249] In the embodiments of the present application, the specific connection medium between the above-mentioned processor 401, memory 402, and communication interface 403 is not limited. In the embodiments of the present application, Figure 11 in the [description], the processor 401, the memory 402, and the communication interface 403 are connected via a bus 404. The bus is represented by a thick line in the [description]. The connection manners between other components are only for illustrative purposes and are not limited thereto. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For the sake of convenience of representation, Figure 11 in the [description], it is represented by only one thick line, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus. Figure 11 in the [description], it is represented by only one thick line, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0250] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by hardware or by software. When implemented by hardware, the processor can be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc. When implemented by software, the processor can be a general-purpose processor that realizes by reading software codes stored in the memory.

[0251] Exemplarily, the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or can also be other general-purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0252] It should be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and DirectRambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0253] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) may be integrated in the processor.

[0254] It should be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0255] Based on the same technical concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, including a program or instruction, which, when running on a computer, causes the method in the above method embodiments to be executed.

[0256] Based on the same technical concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, including an instruction, which, when running on a computer, causes the method in the above method embodiments to be executed.

[0257] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0258] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatuses (systems), and computer program products according to the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, and the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate means for implementing the functions specified in one Figure 1 flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 block or multiple blocks.

[0259] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate a manufactured article including instruction means, and the instruction means implements the functions specified in one Figure 1 flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 block or multiple blocks.

[0260] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to generate a computer-implemented process, and thus the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one Figure 1 flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 block or multiple blocks.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, characterized in that, it includes: performing transform precoding on the physical broadcast channel PBCH time-domain signal to obtain the PBCH frequency-domain signal; generating at least one frequency-domain signal; wherein, each of the at least one frequency-domain signal is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence; generating a synchronization signal block SSB according to the at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal; wherein, the at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal occupy different symbols; outputting the SSB.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the at least one frequency-domain signal includes a primary synchronization signal PSS and / or a secondary synchronization signal SSS.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the generating of at least one frequency-domain signal includes: determining a first Golay complementary sequence according to cell identification information; generating a first frequency-domain signal according to the first Golay complementary sequence, and the at least one frequency-domain signal includes the first frequency-domain signal; wherein, the cell identification information is related to the type of the first frequency-domain signal, and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is PSS or SSS.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, the determining of the first Golay complementary sequence according to cell identification information includes: determining a first parameter according to cell identification information; determining the first Golay complementary sequence based on the first parameter, and the first Golay complementary sequence is a function of the first parameter.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, the cell identification information is the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is PSS; the relationship between the first parameter and the second cell identification Cell_ID(2) is as follows: c_init = c1 * Cell_ID(2); wherein, c_init represents the first parameter, c1 is related to the number of candidate values of the cell identification Cell_ID and the number of candidate values of the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the cell identification includes the second cell identification Cell_ID(2) and the first cell identification Cell_ID(1).

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, the cell identification information is the first cell identification Cell_ID(1), and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is SSS; the relationship between the first parameter and the first cell identification Cell_ID(1) is as follows: c_init = Cell_ID(1) mod c2; wherein, c_init represents the first parameter, and c2 is the number of candidate values of the first cell identification Cell_ID(1).

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, the cell identification information includes the first cell identification Cell_ID(1) and the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency-domain signal is SSS; The first parameter, the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), and the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) satisfy the following relationship: Wherein, c_init represents the first parameter, c2 is the number of candidate values of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), c3 is the sequence interval step size 1 of the SSS, and c4 is the sequence interval step size 2 of the SSS.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the generating of at least one frequency-domain signal includes: circularly shifting a second Golay complementary sequence according to cell identifier information; generating a second frequency-domain signal based on the circularly shifted second Golay complementary sequence, and the at least one frequency-domain signal includes the second frequency-domain signal.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the cell identifier information is the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), and the second frequency-domain signal is the PSS; or, the cell identifier information is the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), and the second frequency-domain signal is the SSS; or, the cell identifier information includes the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) and the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), and the second frequency-domain signal is the SSS.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal are mapped to the same frequency-domain resource.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the generating of at least one frequency-domain signal includes: obtaining a third frequency-domain signal by extending a third Golay complementary sequence; wherein, the at least one frequency-domain signal includes the third frequency-domain signal, and the length to which the third Golay complementary sequence is extended is related to the length of the PBCH frequency-domain signal.

12. A signal transmission method, characterized in that it includes: receiving a synchronization signal block SSB; the SSB includes at least one frequency-domain signal and a physical broadcast channel PBCH frequency-domain signal, and each frequency-domain signal in the at least one frequency-domain signal is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence; performing downlink synchronization based on the SSB.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the at least one frequency-domain signal includes a primary synchronization signal PSS and / or a secondary synchronization signal SSS.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the performing of downlink synchronization based on the SSB includes: determining P Golay complementary sequences according to P candidate values of the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), where P is a positive integer; performing peak search on the PSS in the SSB based on the P Golay complementary sequences; determining the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS according to the searched maximum peak, performing synchronization processing on the PSS according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS; and determining the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) according to the Golay complementary sequence corresponding to the searched maximum peak.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that Performing downlink synchronization based on the SSB further includes: Performing a first synchronization process on the SSS in the SSB according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS; Determining Q Gray complementary sequences according to Q candidate values of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), where Q is a positive integer; performing peak search on the SSS after the first synchronization process based on the Q Gray complementary sequences; Determining the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS according to the maximum peak searched, performing a second synchronization process on the SSS according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS; and determining the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) according to the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak searched.

16. The method according to any one of claims 12 - 15, wherein, The at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal are mapped to the same frequency-domain resource.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein, further includes: Performing channel estimation on the PBCH frequency-domain signal based on the at least one frequency-domain signal.

18. A communication device, wherein, It includes a processor and an interface circuit, the interface circuit is electrically coupled to the processor, and the processor enables the method according to any one of claims 1 - 11 to be executed through logic circuits or by executing code instructions, or enables the method according to any one of claims 12 - 17 to be executed.

19. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein, The storage medium stores a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are run, it enables the method according to any one of claims 1 - 11 to be executed, or enables the method according to any one of claims 12 - 17 to be executed.

20. A communication system, wherein, includes: A first communication device for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 - 11; and, A second communication device for executing the method according to any one of claims 12 - 17.

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