Application of mixed light quality in promoting early flowering and early fruiting of strawberries and improving comprehensive characters of fruits

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of strawberry planting, and particularly relates to application of mixed light quality in promoting precocious flowering and precocious fruiting of strawberries and improving comprehensive characters of fruits. According to the method, by adjusting the light quality environment of strawberry planting, the effects of promoting strawberries including strawberries in four seasons to blossom and bear fruits in advance and improving the comprehensive characters of fruits can be achieved, and particularly, the mixed light quality effect of red light, blue light and far-red light is especially obvious; technical support is provided for solving the problems that at present, strawberry flowering time is late, and the comprehensive quality of fruits is poor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of strawberry cultivation, and particularly relates to the application of mixed light quality in promoting early flowering, early fruiting of strawberries and improving the comprehensive fruit traits. Background Art

[0002] Strawberries are perennial herbaceous plants of the genus Fragaria in the Rosaceae family, and are divided into two categories: wild strawberries and cultivated strawberries. Wild strawberries have three origin centers in North America, Europe, and Asia, and grow in all regions except Africa, Australia, and New Zealand; cultivated strawberries are natural hybrids of some wild strawberries, with a wide distribution area globally and are planted throughout China. Cultivated strawberries are divided into once-a-year strawberries and ever-bearing strawberries. Once-a-year strawberries can bear fruit in autumn, winter, and spring under protected conditions, and ever-bearing strawberries can bear fruit throughout the year, which can fill the blank period of the strawberry market in summer and autumn.

[0003] Strawberries are known as the "queen of fruits" due to their high nutritional value, and have become the preferred crop for rural revitalization due to their long picking time, bright color, and strong aroma. With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for strawberries has increased rapidly, putting forward new requirements for early listing, yield, and quality of strawberries; ever-bearing strawberries have the characteristic of flowering and fruiting throughout the year and have great development potential. Therefore, exploring ways and methods to promote early flowering of strawberries and improve the quality and yield of strawberry fruits has important production significance.

[0004] As an important environmental factor, light quality can regulate plant growth and development and is widely used in agricultural production. Existing research shows that appropriate light quality can regulate plant growth and development. Current research focuses on the effects of single light quality, especially single LED light sources, on strawberries, mostly on blue light and red light, with less research on far-red light, and mostly concentrated on flowering responses, lacking analysis of vegetative growth, fruit yield, and quality. There is no report on relevant research to regulate the flowering and fruiting cycles of strawberries and improve the quality and yield of strawberries by improving the light quality environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide the application of mixed light quality in promoting early flowering, early fruiting of strawberries and improving the comprehensive fruit traits. Through light quality regulation, it helps to promote early flowering and early fruiting of strawberries and improve the comprehensive fruit traits of strawberries, providing technical support for improving the quality and yield of strawberries.

[0006] The present invention provides the application of mixed light quality in one or more of promoting early flowering, early fruiting of strawberries and improving the comprehensive fruit traits, and the mixed light quality includes RBF1.5, RBG1.5 or RB3;

[0007] The RBF1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and far-red light, and the light quality ratio of the red light, blue light and far-red light is (1.3 - 1.5):(0.66 - 1):(1.18 - 1.7);

[0008] The RB3 is a mixed light quality of red light and blue light, and the light quality ratio of the red light and blue light is (2.88 - 3.2):(0.96 - 1.25);

[0009] The RBG1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and green light, and the light quality ratio of the red light, blue light and green light is (1.3 - 1.5):(0.66 - 1):(1.18 - 1.7).

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for promoting one or more of early flowering, early fruiting and improvement of comprehensive fruit traits of strawberries, including: covering the strawberries with a film or performing LED light irradiation treatment; the film covering treatment includes planting the strawberries in a greenhouse or arch shed covered with a light quality film, and the preset mixed light quality of the light quality film; the LED light irradiation treatment includes irradiating the strawberries with the mixed light quality;

[0011] The mixed light quality includes RBF1.5, RBG1.5 or RB3;

[0012] The RBF1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and far-red light, and the light quality ratio of the red light, blue light and far-red light is (1.3 - 1.5):(0.66 - 1):(1.18 - 1.7);

[0013] The RB3 is a mixed light quality of red light and blue light, and the light quality ratio of the red light and blue light is (2.88 - 3.2):(0.96 - 1.25);

[0014] The RBG1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and green light, and the light quality ratio of the red light, blue light and green light is (1.3 - 1.5):(0.66 - 1):(1.18 - 1.7).

[0015] Preferably, the light quality film includes a bottom film and a light quality regulating powder and a waterborne polyurethane slurry sprayed onto the bottom film.

[0016] Preferably, when the mixed light quality is RBF1.5, the light quality regulating powder includes chromium green and cesium tungsten bronze, and the mass ratio of the chromium green, cesium tungsten bronze and the waterborne polyurethane slurry is 0.76:1.08:100, and the mass ratio of the light quality regulating powder to the area of the bottom film is 2.28 g / m 2 ;

[0017] When the mixed light quality is RB3, the light quality regulating powder includes cadmium yellow, and the mass ratio of cadmium yellow to aqueous polyurethane slurry is 6.08:100. The mass ratio of the light quality regulating powder to the area of the bottom film is 3.04 g / m 2 ;

[0018] When the mixed light quality is RBG1.5, the light quality regulating powder includes chromium green and cesium tungsten bronze, and the mass ratio of chromium green, cesium tungsten bronze to aqueous polyurethane slurry is 1.14:1.62:100. The mass ratio of the light quality regulating powder to the area of the bottom film is 3.42 g / m 2 。

[0019] Preferably, the spraying thickness is 200 μm.

[0020] Preferably, the bottom film is a PO film or a PE film.

[0021] Preferably, the light intensity of the LED light treatment is 280 - 320 μmol / m 2 / s, the light cycle is 12 h light and 12 h dark, the daytime temperature is 23 - 27 °C, the nighttime temperature is 16 - 20 °C, the relative humidity is 60 - 70%, and the CO 2 concentration is 350 - 450 ppm.

[0022] Preferably, the strawberries include strawberries in the vegetative growth period.

[0023] Preferably, the strawberries include ever-bearing strawberries.

[0024] Preferably, the comprehensive fruit traits include one or more of the single-plant yield, the number of fruits per plant, the single-fruit weight, the total sugar, the total acid, vitamin C, the sugar-acid ratio, the soluble solids, the hardness, the transverse and longitudinal diameters, and the fruit shape index.

[0025] Beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention provides an application of a mixed light quality in one or more of promoting early flowering, early fruiting and improving the comprehensive fruit traits of strawberries. The mixed light quality includes RBF1.5, RBG1.5 or RB3; the RBF1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and far-red light, and the light quality ratio of red light, blue light and far-red light is (1.3 - 1.5):(0.66 - 1):(1.18 - 1.7); the RB3 is a mixed light quality of red light and blue light, and the light quality ratio of red light and blue light is (2.88 - 3.2):(0.96 - 1.25); the RBG1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and green light, and the light quality ratio of red light, blue light and green light is (1.3 - 1.5):(0.66 - 1):(1.18 - 1.7). By adjusting the light quality environment of strawberry cultivation, the present invention can achieve the effect of promoting early flowering and fruiting of strawberries including ever-bearing strawberries and improving the comprehensive fruit traits, and the mixed light quality including red light, blue light and far-red light has particularly obvious effects. It provides technical support for solving the problems of late flowering time, poor fruit quality and low yield of current strawberries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1 Effect of different light quality films on the early flowering and fruiting of ever-bearing strawberries in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 2 Effect of different light quality films on the fruits of ever-bearing strawberries in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 3 Effect of different light qualities on the phenological period of strawberries in Example 1;

[0031] Figure 4 Principal component analysis result diagram of the comprehensive fruit traits of ever-bearing strawberries in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0032] The present invention provides an application of a mixed light quality in one or more of promoting early flowering, early fruiting and improving the comprehensive fruit traits of strawberries. The mixed light quality includes RBF1.5, RBG1.5 or RB3. The RBF1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and far-red light, and the light quality ratio of red light, blue light and far-red light is (1.3 - 1.5):(0.66 - 1):(1.18 - 1.7). The RB3 is a mixed light quality of red light and blue light, and the light quality ratio of red light and blue light is (2.88 - 3.2):(0.96 - 1.25). The RBG1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and green light, and the light quality ratio of red light, blue light and green light is (1.3 - 1.5):(0.66 - 1):(1.18 - 1.7).

[0033] As an embodiment, the light quality ratio of red light, blue light and far-red light of the RBF1.5 is 1.5:1:1.5. The light quality ratio of red light and blue light of the RB3 is 3:1. The light quality ratio of red light, blue light and green light of the RBG1.5 is 1.5:1:1.5. As an embodiment, the mixed light quality of the present invention is RBF1.5. As an embodiment, when the mixed light quality is RBF1.5, the application is an application in promoting early flowering, early fruiting and comprehensive fruit traits of strawberries. As an embodiment, when the mixed light quality is RBG1.5, the application is an application in promoting the improvement of comprehensive fruit traits. As an embodiment, when the mixed light quality is RB3, the application is an application in promoting early fruiting of strawberries and promoting the improvement of comprehensive fruit traits.

[0034] As an embodiment, the strawberries of the present invention can be, but are not limited to, ever-bearing strawberries. There is no special limitation on the variety type of the ever-bearing strawberries, and any variety of ever-bearing strawberries in the art can be used.

[0035] As an embodiment, the comprehensive fruit traits of the present invention can be one or more of the yield per plant, the number of fruits per plant, the weight of a single fruit, total sugar, total acid, vitamin C, sugar-acid ratio, soluble solids, hardness, transverse and longitudinal diameters, and fruit shape index.

[0036] The present invention also provides a method for promoting one or more of early flowering, fruiting and improvement of comprehensive fruit traits of strawberries, including: subjecting strawberries to film mulching treatment or LED light treatment; the film mulching treatment includes planting strawberries in a greenhouse or arch shed covered with a light quality film, and the preset mixed light quality of the light quality film; the LED light treatment includes irradiating strawberries with a mixed light quality; the mixed light quality includes RBF1.5, RBG1.5 or RB3; the RBF1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and far red light, and the light quality ratio of red light, blue light and far red light is (1.3-1.5):(0.66-1):(1.18-1.7); the RB3 is a mixed light quality of red light and blue light, and the light quality ratio of red light and blue light is (2.88-3.2):(0.96-1.25); the RBG1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and green light, and the light quality ratio of red light, blue light and green light is (1.3-1.5):(0.66-1):(1.18-1.7).

[0037] As an implementation manner, the light quality ratio of red light, blue light and far red light of the RBF1.5 is 1.5:1:1.5; the light quality ratio of red light and blue light of the RB3 is 3:1; the light quality ratio of red light, blue light and green light of the RBG1.5 is 1.5:1:1.5.

[0038] As an implementation manner, the light quality film of the present invention includes a bottom film and a light quality adjusting powder and a waterborne polyurethane slurry sprayed onto the bottom film;

[0039] When the mixed light quality is RBF1.5, the light quality adjusting powder includes chromium green and cesium tungsten bronze, and the mass ratio of chromium green, cesium tungsten bronze and the waterborne polyurethane slurry is 0.76:1.08:100, and the mass ratio of the light quality adjusting powder to the area of the bottom film is 2.28g / m 2 ;

[0040] When the mixed light quality is RB3, the light quality adjusting powder includes cadmium yellow, and the mass ratio of cadmium yellow and the waterborne polyurethane slurry is 6.08:100, and the mass ratio of the light quality adjusting powder to the area of the bottom film is 3.04g / m 2 ;

[0041] When the mixed light quality is RBG1.5, the light quality adjusting powder includes chromium green and cesium tungsten bronze, and the mass ratio of chromium green, cesium tungsten bronze and the waterborne polyurethane slurry is 1.14:1.62:100, and the mass ratio of the light quality adjusting powder to the area of the bottom film is 3.42g / m 2 .

[0042] As an implementation manner, the spraying thickness is 200μm.

[0043] As an implementation manner, the bottom film is a PO film or a PE film. As another implementation manner, the bottom film is a PO film.

[0044] As an implementation manner, the preparation method of the light quality film of the present invention includes: mixing a light quality regulating powder with an aqueous polyurethane slurry and then spraying it onto the bottom film to obtain the light quality film. The spraying process of the present invention is as follows: before spraying, dust and sundries on the PO or PE base film should be cleaned with high-pressure air, and the site should be kept clean to avoid puncturing the agricultural film. Wear shoe covers during the spraying process to avoid soiling the agricultural film. The spraying height varies with the air pressure of the spray gun, the material output, and the width of the spray port. The spraying thickness is 200 μm, the spraying speed is 0.25 - 0.35 m / s. When the spraying thickness is insufficient, it needs to be sprayed again after the cooling coating is dry. After spraying, the surface drying time of the coating on the agricultural film is 12 h (air temperature is 15 °C, air humidity is 40%). At this temperature and humidity, it needs to be dried for more than 48 h.

[0045] In the present invention, the light quality film can change the light quality ratio of natural light passing through the light quality film, so as to achieve a preset mixed light quality, improve the light quality environment of strawberries, and achieve the effects of promoting the early flowering and fruiting of strawberries and improving the comprehensive fruit traits. At the same time, because the light quality film utilizes the existing sunlight, it can save energy and is widely used in facility cultivation such as greenhouses or arch sheds, which more meets the needs of agricultural production.

[0046] As an implementation manner, the light intensity of the LED light illumination treatment of the present invention is 280 - 320 μmol / m 2 / s, and the light cycle is 12 h of light and 12 h of darkness. As an implementation manner, the daytime temperature of the LED light illumination treatment is 23 - 27 °C, and the nighttime temperature is 16 - 20 °C. As an implementation manner, the relative humidity of the LED light illumination treatment is 60 - 70%. As an implementation manner, the CO 2 concentration of the LED light illumination treatment is 350 - 450 ppm. As an implementation manner, the LED light illumination treatment of the present invention can be achieved by irradiating with LED lights.

[0047] As an implementation manner, the strawberries of the present invention are but not limited to ever-bearing strawberries; the strawberries include strawberries in the vegetative growth period. As an implementation manner, the comprehensive fruit traits include one or more of the single-plant yield, the number of fruits per plant, the single-fruit weight, the total sugar, the total acid, vitamin C, the sugar-acid ratio, the soluble solids, the hardness, the transverse and longitudinal diameters, and the fruit shape index.

[0048] In the present invention, the LED light illumination treatment can be applied to the indoor cultivation of strawberries, and similar to the film covering treatment, it also has the effects of promoting the early flowering and fruiting of strawberries and improving the comprehensive fruit traits, and the trend is the same as that of the film covering treatment.

[0049] In the present invention, both the film covering treatment and the LED light illumination treatment, which are two methods for improving the light quality environment of strawberries, can achieve the effects of promoting early flowering of strawberries, early fruiting, and improving the comprehensive fruit traits. However, compared with the LED light illumination treatment, the film covering treatment has the advantages of low cost, wide application range, and low maintenance cost, and can be widely applied in agricultural production. Those skilled in the art can select the implementation method of film covering treatment or LED light illumination treatment according to actual needs.

[0050] To further illustrate the present invention, the technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] Promote early flowering, early fruiting, and improvement of comprehensive traits of strawberries by means of film covering. The steps are as follows:

[0053] 1.1 Test materials

[0054] The test strawberries are the ever-bearing strawberry variety 'Zijin Siji', provided by the Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Select healthy strawberry seedlings with consistent growth and no pests and diseases.

[0055] As shown in Table 1, the bottom film, light quality regulating powder, and waterborne polyurethane slurry are used to prepare different light quality films. The light quality regulating powder and waterborne polyurethane slurry in the light quality film are provided by Nanjing Tech University, the PO film is purchased from Jiangsu Mikeduo Agricultural Film Development Co., Ltd., and different light quality films are sprayed and made at Nanjing Tech University. The PET film is purchased from Hangzhou Kangming Automobile Supplies Co., Ltd.

[0056] The material configurations of different light quality films are shown in Table 1:

[0057] Table 1 Material configurations of different light quality films

[0058]

[0059] Before spraying, the dust and debris on the PO base film should be cleaned with high-pressure air, and the site should be kept clean to avoid puncturing the agricultural film. The spraying height varies with the air pressure of the spray gun, the material output, and the width of the material output at the spray port. The spraying thickness is 200 μm, the spraying speed is 0.25 - 0.35 m / s. When the spraying thickness is insufficient, it needs to be sprayed again after the cooling coating is dry. After spraying, the surface drying time of the coating on the agricultural film is 12 h (air temperature is 15 °C, air humidity is 40%). At this temperature and humidity, it needs to be completely dried for more than 48 h.

[0060] 1.2 Test methods

[0061] Apply the light-quality film prepared in step 1.1 to the cultivation of the ever-bearing strawberry 'Zijin Siji'. The PE film is used as the control (CK). The six treatment groups are RB1.5 (red light: blue light = 1.5:1); RB3 (red light: blue light = 3:1); RBG1.5 (red light: blue light: green light = 1.5:1:1.5); RBF1.5 (red light: blue light: far-red light = 1.5:1:1.5); R (red film); B (blue film). Lay the light-quality films with different treatments on the built arch shed, and place strawberry seedlings without pests and diseases, in the vegetative growth period and with consistent growth vigor under the arch shed. There are 30 plants in each treatment, and it is repeated three times. The tested soil ratio (volume ratio) is substrate: perlite: vermiculite = 45:18:2, and the planting container is a pot with a diameter of 16 cm. Fertilize and spray pesticides regularly according to the actual environmental conditions of the test area and the state of strawberry plants, and carry out normal field management.

[0062] 1.3 Observation and analysis of test results

[0063] Observe and measure the flowering and fruiting time and fruit comprehensive traits of the ever-bearing strawberry 'Zijin Siji' under different treatments, and analyze the data.

[0064] Among them, the fruit comprehensive traits are as follows: fruit shape (transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, fruit shape index), single fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, yield per plant, soluble solids, hardness, vitamin C, total sugar, total acid, and sugar-acid ratio. HPLC method is used for total sugar, total acid, and fruit vitamin C; among them, total sugar and total acid refer to

Zhao Mizhen, et al. Analysis of flavor substances in natural pentaploid wild strawberry fruits. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2010, 37(04): 613-618

Wei, L., et al. FaAKR23 Modulates Ascorbic Acid and Anthocyanin Accumulation in Strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa) Fruits. Antioxidants 2022, 11, 1828

[0065] The comprehensive trait score of this experiment is evaluated through principal component analysis, membership function analysis, weight calculation, and comprehensive evaluation value calculation. The specific methods are as follows.

[0066] Principal component analysis: Refer to

Liu Miaomiao, et al. Comprehensive evaluation of the effects of quercetin on the growth, photosynthesis, and physiological and biochemical characteristics of strawberries. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 50(21): 165-172.

[0067] Calculation of weights: The weights of each comprehensive index can be obtained according to the magnitude of the contribution rate. In the formula, the value of W i represents the importance degree of the i-th comprehensive index among all comprehensive indexes, and P i is the contribution rate of the i-th comprehensive index of each variety.

[0068] Calculation of the comprehensive evaluation value: The comprehensive evaluation value can be obtained by calculating according to the formula of the membership function value and the weight. In the formula, the value of D is the comprehensive evaluation value of the fruit quality and yield of the four-season strawberry under different light qualities.

[0069] The relevant data indexes are shown in Tables 2 - 4. In Tables 2 - 4, different letters indicate significant differences between different groups (P < 0.05). Observe the effects of different light quality films on the phenotype of the four-season strawberry. The effects of different light quality films on the early flowering and fruiting of the four-season strawberry and on the fruits of the four-season strawberry are as Figures 1 - 3 shown. In Figure 1 the scale is 5 cm, and in Figure 2 the scale is 1 cm.

[0070] Table 2 Effects of different light quality films on the fruit shape of the four-season strawberry

[0071] Treatment Transverse diameter (mm) Longitudinal diameter (mm) Fruit shape index CK 34.78±2.85a 35.85 ± 2.57abc 1.04±0.08c RB1.5 33.52 ± 2.40ab 35.61 ± 2.36abc 1.07 ± 0.08bc RB3 32.92 ± 1.55abc 36.28 ± 2.20ab 1.12±0.07b RBG1.5 33.82±2.55a 35.81 ± 2.88abc 1.06 ± 0.08bc RBF1.5 33.24 ± 2.19abc 34.08±2.62c 1.03±0.05c R 31.46±2.98c 36.48±2.60a 1.23±0.15a B 31.61 ± 1.88bc 34.18 ± 2.09bc 1.09 ± 0.08bc

[0072] Note: Different letters in Table 2 indicate significant differences between different groups (P < 0.05). The same applies to the following table.

[0073] Table 3 Effects of different light quality films on the yield of the four-season strawberry

[0074] Treatment Average single fruit weight (g) Number of fruits per plant (pcs) Yield per plant (g) CK 14.48 ± 0.98bc 3.90±0.61c 43.43±3.76b RB1.5 15.23±0.94a 3.27±0.58d 38.97 ± 2.75cd RB3 14.58 ± 1.31abc 3.77±0.50c 37.88±3.13d RBG1.5 15.07 ± 1.16ab 3.47±0.51d 40.72±3.41c RBF1.5 14.37 ± 1.35bc 4.97±0.32a 47.80±2.53a R 14.27±0.35c 4.00±0.53c 39.69 ± 1.62cd B 13.58±1.52d 4.67±0.49b 46.77±3.53a

[0075] Table 4 Effects of different light quality films on the fruit quality of the four-season strawberry

[0076]

[0077] Based on the data in Tables 2 - 4, principal component analysis was performed on the fruit traits, and the results are as Figure 4 shown.

[0078] The comprehensive index values, comprehensive evaluation values and rankings of the fruits of the four-season strawberry under different light-quality films are shown in Table 5.

[0079] Table 5 Comprehensive index values, comprehensive evaluation values and rankings of the fruits of the four-season strawberry under different light-quality films

[0080]

[0081] The membership function values, comprehensive evaluation values and rankings of the fruits of the four-season strawberry under different light-quality films are shown in Table 6.

[0082] Table 6 Membership function values, comprehensive evaluation values and rankings of the fruits of the four-season strawberry under different light-quality films

[0083]

[0084] By observing and investigating the planting situation of strawberries and comprehensively Figures 1 - 4 and the results in Table 5 and Table 6, the following conclusions are drawn:

[0085] For CK (control group), the time required from the start of treatment to the budding stage is 26 days, the time from the budding stage to the full-bloom stage is 15 days, the total time required for the fruit to reach maturity from the start of treatment is 53 days, and the comprehensive fruit trait score is 0.58;

[0086] For RB1.5 (red light: blue light = 1.5:1), the time required from the start of treatment to the budding stage is 24 days, the time from the budding stage to the full-bloom stage is 14 days, the time required for the fruit to reach maturity from the start of treatment is 57 days, and the comprehensive fruit trait score is 0.44;

[0087] For RB3 (red light: blue light = 3:1), the time required from the start of treatment to the budding stage is 26 days, the time from the budding stage to the full-bloom stage is 13 days, the time required for the fruit to reach maturity from the start of treatment is 52 days, and the comprehensive fruit trait score is 0.65;

[0088] For RBG1.5 (red light: blue light: green light = 1.5:1:1.5), the time required from the start of treatment to the budding stage is 28 days, the time from the budding stage to the full-bloom stage is 10 days, the time required for the fruit to reach maturity from the start of treatment is 57 days, and the comprehensive fruit trait score is 0.62;

[0089] For RBF1.5 (red light: blue light: far-red light = 1.5:1:1.5), the time required from the start of treatment to the budding stage is 21 days, the time from the budding stage to the full-bloom stage is 13 days, the time required for the fruit to reach maturity is 48 days, and the comprehensive fruit trait score is 0.82;

[0090] For R (red film), the time required for the fruit to reach maturity is 55 days, and the comprehensive fruit trait score is 0.21;

[0091] The time required for the fruits of B (blue film) to reach the mature stage is 54 days, and the comprehensive fruit traits score is 0.42;

[0092] Therefore, RB3 (red light: blue light = 3:1), RBF1.5 (red light: blue light: far red light = 1.5:1:1.5), and RBG1.5 (red light: blue light: green light = 1.5:1:1.5) can all achieve a certain effect of promoting the early flowering and fruiting of everbearing strawberries and improving the comprehensive fruit traits (yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, single fruit weight, total sugar, total acid, vitamin C, sugar-acid ratio, soluble solids, hardness, transverse and longitudinal diameters, fruit shape index), and the treatment effect of RBF1.5 (red light: blue light: far red light = 1.5:1:1.5) is the best.

[0093] Example 2

[0094] To promote the early flowering, early fruiting and improvement of comprehensive traits of strawberries by means of light irradiation, the steps are as follows:

[0095] 1. Experimental materials

[0096] The everbearing strawberry variety: 'Zijin Siji' was planted in the culture room.

[0097] 2. Experimental design

[0098] 2.1 Treatment group settings

[0099] Six LED treatment groups were set up, and the spectral ratios of the corresponding light qualities are as follows:

[0100] 1) RB1.5 group: red light: blue light = 1.5:1;

[0101] 2) RB3 group: red light: blue light = 3:1;

[0102] 3) RBG1.5 group: red light: blue light: green light = 1.5:1:1.5;

[0103] 4) RBF1.5 group: red light: blue light: far red light = 1.5:1:1.5;

[0104] 5) R group: pure red light;

[0105] 6) B group: pure blue light;

[0106] 7) CK group: full-spectrum control

[0107] 2.2 Environmental parameter settings

[0108] Light intensity: 300 μmol / m 2 / s; Photoperiod: 12 h / d; Temperature: 25 °C (day) / 18 °C (night); Relative humidity: 65%; CO 2Concentration: 425 ppm.

[0109] 3. Experimental results

[0110] Observe and determine the flowering and fruiting time and comprehensive fruit traits of the everbearing strawberry 'Zijin Siji' under different treatments, and analyze the data.

[0111] 3.1 The effects of LED treatments on the flowering and fruiting time of everbearing strawberries are shown in Table 7.

[0112] Table 7 Effects of LED treatments on the flowering and fruiting time of everbearing strawberries

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] It can be concluded from Table 7 that the time used for the bud emergence stage from short to long is: RBF1.5 (14 d) < RB1.5 = B (18 d) < CK = RB3 (21 d) < R (22 d) < RBG1.5 (24 d). The total growth period from short to long is: RBF1.5 (41 d) < RB3 (46 d) < CK (48 d) < B (50 d) < R (52 d) < RB1.5 = RBG1.5 (55 d).

[0116] For the time lengths of the bud emergence stage and the total growth period in different treatment groups, the RBF1.5 treatment group showed the shortest time used in the bud emergence stage; the RBF1.5 and RB3 treatment groups showed the shortest time used in the total growth period, and among them, the RBF1.5 treatment group showed the shortest time used in both indicators.

[0117] 3.2 The effects of LED treatments on the fruit shape of everbearing strawberries are shown in Table 8. Different letters in Table 8 indicate significant differences between different groups (P < 0.05). The same applies to Tables 9 - 10.

[0118] Table 8 Effects of LED treatments on the fruit shape of everbearing strawberries

[0119] Treatment group Transverse diameter (mm) Longitudinal diameter (mm) Fruit shape index CK 24.85±2.80a 25.59 ± 2.55abc 1.03±0.07c RB1.5 23.60 ± 2.35ab 25.02 ± 2.30abc 1.06 ± 0.07bc RB3 23.00 ± 1.50abc 25.53 ± 2.15ab 1.11±0.06b RBG1.5 23.90±2.50a 25.10 ± 2.85abc 1.05 ± 0.07bc RBF1.5 23.35 ± 2.15abc 23.82 ± 2.60bc 1.02±0.04c R 21.55±2.90c 26.29±2.55a 1.22±0.14a B 21.70 ± 1.85bc 23.44±2.05c 1.08 ± 0.07bc

[0120] It can be concluded from Table 8 that different light qualities have significant effects on the fruit shape index. The RBF1.5 treatment group is the smallest, indicating that the shape of its fruit is closest to a circle compared to other treatment groups. The fruit shape indices of other combined light treatments (RB1.5, RB3, RBG1.5) are between those of the monochromatic light and the control group, indicating that the fruit shape can be optimized by adjusting the ratio of red and blue light.

[0121] 3.3 The effects of LED treatments on the yield of everbearing strawberries are shown in Table 9.

[0122] Table 9 Results of the effects of LED treatments on the yield of everbearing strawberries

[0123] Treatment group Average single fruit weight (g) Number of fruits per plant (pcs) Yield per plant (g) CK 10.55±0.95b 4.35±0.60c 45.89±3.70b RB1.5 11.30±0.90a 3.45±0.55d 38.99±2.70d RB3 10.65 ± 1.25abc 3.60±0.45d 38.34±3.10d RBG1.5 11.15 ± 1.10ab 3.850±0.50c 42.93±3.35c RBF1.5 10.45 ± 1.30bc 5.00±0.30a 52.25.00±2.50a R 10.35±0.30c 4.05±0.50c 41.92±1.55c B 9.65±1.45d 4.20±0.45b 50.18±3.45a

[0124] It can be obtained from Table 9 that the yield per plant from large to small is RBF1.5 > B > CK > RBG1.5 > R > RB1.5 > RB3.

[0125] 3.4 The results of the LED treatment on the fruit quality of everbearing strawberries are shown in Table 10.

[0126] Table 10 Results of the LED treatment on the fruit quality of everbearing strawberries

[0127]

[0128] Based on the results in Tables 7 - 10, it can be concluded that the LED treatment shows a similar trend to the light quality film treatment in Example 1. RB3 and RBG1.5 both have certain effects in promoting early flowering, early fruiting, and improving the comprehensive fruit traits of strawberries. The RBF1.5 treatment (red light: blue light: far - red light = 1.5:1:1.5) shows the best performance in early bud appearance (early flowering) and shortening the growth period (early fruiting), significantly increasing the yield per plant and significantly improving the comprehensive fruit quality index.

[0129] Although the above - mentioned embodiments have described the present invention in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. People can also obtain other embodiments without creative efforts based on these embodiments, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of mixed light quality in promoting one or more of early flowering, early fruiting and comprehensive fruit traits of strawberries, wherein the mixed light quality includes RBF1.5, RBG1.5 or RB3; The RBF1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and far-red light, and the light quality ratio of red light, blue light and far-red light is (1.3-1.5): (0.66-1): (1.18-1.7); The RB3 is a mixed light quality of red light and blue light, and the light quality ratio of the red light to the blue light is (2.88-3.2):(0.96-1.25); The RBG1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and green light, and the light quality ratio of the red light, blue light and green light is (1.3-1.5): (0.66-1): (1.18-1.7).

2. A method for promoting one or more of early flowering, early fruiting and improved comprehensive characteristics of strawberries, characterized in that: include: Cover strawberries with film or treat them with LED lighting; The film covering treatment includes planting strawberries in a greenhouse or arch shed covered with a light-quality film, wherein the light-quality film is preset with mixed light quality; the LED lighting treatment includes irradiating the strawberries with mixed light quality; The mixed light quality includes RBF1.5, RBG1.5 or RB3; The RBF1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and far-red light, and the light quality ratio of red light, blue light and far-red light is (1.3-1.5): (0.66-1): (1.18-1.7); The RB3 is a mixed light quality of red light and blue light, and the light quality ratio of the red light to the blue light is (2.88-3.2):(0.96-1.25); The RBG1.5 is a mixed light quality of red light, blue light and green light, and the light quality ratio of the red light, blue light and green light is (1.3-1.5): (0.66-1): (1.18-1.7).

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The light quality film comprises a base film and light quality regulating powder and waterborne polyurethane slurry sprayed onto the base film.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that When the mixed light quality is RBF1.5, the light quality regulating powder includes chrome green and cesium tungsten bronze, the mass ratio of the chrome green, cesium tungsten bronze and waterborne polyurethane slurry is 0.76:1.08:100, and the mass ratio of the light quality regulating powder to the area of ​​the base film is 2.28 g / m 2 ; When the mixed light quality is RB3, the light quality regulating powder includes cadmium yellow, the mass ratio of the cadmium yellow to the waterborne polyurethane slurry is 6.08:100, and the mass ratio of the light quality regulating powder to the area of ​​the base film is 3.04 g / m 2 ; When the mixed light quality is RBG1.5, the light quality regulating powder includes chrome green and cesium tungsten bronze, the mass ratio of the chrome green, cesium tungsten bronze and waterborne polyurethane slurry is 1.14:1.62:100, and the mass ratio of the light quality regulating powder to the area of ​​the base film is 3.42 g / m 2 .

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The spray coating thickness is 200 μm.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The base film is a PO film or a PE film.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The illumination intensity of the LED illumination treatment is 280-320 μmol / m 2 / s, the photoperiod is 12h light and 12h dark, the daytime temperature is 23-27℃, the nighttime temperature is 16-20℃, the relative humidity is 60-70%, and the CO2 concentration is 350-450ppm.

8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The strawberries include strawberries in the vegetative growth period.

9. The use according to claim 1 or the method according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The strawberries include perennial strawberries.

10. The use according to claim 1 or the method according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The comprehensive fruit traits include one or more of single plant yield, single plant fruit number, single fruit weight, total sugar, total acid, vitamin C, sugar-acid ratio, soluble solids, hardness, horizontal and vertical diameters, and fruit shape index.

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