Bionic jellyfish wave energy power generation buoy capable of adaptively opening and closing umbrella cavity and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wave power generation buoys, in particular to a bionic jellyfish wave power generation buoy and method capable of opening and closing an umbrella cavity in a self-adaptive mode, and the bionic jellyfish wave power generation buoy capable of opening and closing the umbrella cavity in the self-adaptive mode comprises a jellyfish head, a jellyfish neck, an annular thin film and a control module. The outer side of the bottom of the jellyfish head part is connected with the inner side of the annular thin film, the jellyfish neck part is fixed below the bottom of the jellyfish head part, a power generation mechanism is arranged at the jellyfish neck part, and the control module is installed on the jellyfish neck part and used for controlling the opening and closing amplitude of the annular thin film. The opening and closing amplitude of the umbrella cavity of the bionic jellyfish type buoy is dynamically adjusted and controlled to be matched with the wave frequency, and the conversion efficiency of wave energy is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wave energy generation buoys, and particularly relates to a bionic jellyfish wave energy generation buoy with an adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wave energy refers to the kinetic energy and potential energy possessed by ocean surface waves. It has the advantages of high energy density and wide distribution area, and is a renewable clean energy source that is most easily directly utilized and inexhaustible. Compared with wind energy and solar energy, wave energy can produce effective energy output within 90% of the time and is not affected by circadian rhythms or short-term weather mutations. This advantage makes it an ideal choice for devices that require long-term stable power supply, such as ocean monitoring buoys and deep-sea sensors.

[0003] Currently, ocean buoys mostly rely on the power supply mode of the combination of solar energy and storage batteries. However, in high-latitude waters, extreme weather or at night, the stability of energy supply is significantly reduced, which not only leads to frequent operation interruptions of the equipment, but also restricts the monitoring efficiency due to the high maintenance cost in the deep sea. Therefore, constructing a self-powered system using ocean renewable energy has become the key breakthrough for the current buoy energy dilemma. In this context, the technology of offshore buoys based on wave energy generation has developed rapidly, and a variety of innovative devices have emerged. For example, the utility model patent with the publication number CN221316575U discloses an offshore ocean wave energy monitoring buoy device, the invention patent with the publication number CN118124730A designs a new type of highly durable energy self-supplying ocean monitoring buoy, and the invention patent with the publication number CN119109349A designs a wave energy-driven triboelectric nanogenerator buoy.

[0004] However, the disadvantage of the above technical solutions is that they cannot dynamically adjust the natural frequency of the device to adapt to sea condition changes, resulting in the device only having high power generation ability under specific sea conditions, while the efficiency significantly decreases under complex sea conditions, and the environmental adaptability is insufficient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bionic jellyfish wave energy generation buoy with an adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity and a method thereof, which can significantly improve the conversion efficiency of wave energy by dynamically regulating the opening and closing amplitude of the umbrella cavity of the bionic jellyfish-shaped buoy to match the wave frequency.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a bionic jellyfish wave energy generating buoy with an adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity, including a jellyfish head, a jellyfish neck, an annular film, and a control module. The outer side of the bottom of the jellyfish head is connected to the inner side of the annular film. The jellyfish neck is fixed below the bottom of the jellyfish head. A power generation mechanism is arranged at the jellyfish neck. The control module is installed on the jellyfish neck and is used to control the opening and closing amplitude of the annular film.

[0007] Preferably, the jellyfish head is a hemispherical hollow cover structure, the jellyfish neck is a cylindrical structure, the power generation mechanism includes a cylinder shell and a main shaft. The cylinder shell is installed within the central circle of the jellyfish neck. The main shaft penetrates through the cylinder shell. Windings are arranged on the cylinder shell. A magnet is arranged in the middle of the main shaft. The upper part of the main shaft extends upward out of the jellyfish neck and is located within the jellyfish head. The lower part of the main shaft extends downward out of the bottom of the jellyfish neck. An anchor chain is arranged at the bottom of the main shaft.

[0008] Preferably, a limiting plate is arranged at the top of the main shaft, and the diameter of the limiting plate is larger than the diameter of the central circle of the jellyfish neck.

[0009] Preferably, a spring is arranged on the inner top surface of the hemispherical hollow cover of the jellyfish head, and the spring is located directly above the limiting plate.

[0010] Preferably, a main shaft guiding ring matching with the main shaft is arranged at the bottom of the jellyfish neck, and a rubber gasket for sealing is arranged between the main shaft and the main shaft guiding ring.

[0011] Preferably, an annular sealed cavity is formed inside the jellyfish neck. A partition is installed on the inner ring of the annular sealed cavity. The control module includes an electric push rod and an umbrella rib-like transmission mechanism. The electric push rod is installed on the partition. The output shaft of the electric push rod penetrates downward out of the annular sealed cavity of the jellyfish neck. The electric push rod is used to drive the umbrella rib-like transmission mechanism. The umbrella rib-like transmission mechanism is installed on the outer peripheral side of the jellyfish neck and is connected to the annular film.

[0012] Preferably, a push rod guiding ring matching with the output shaft of the electric push rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the jellyfish neck, and a rubber gasket for sealing is arranged between the output shaft of the electric push rod and the push rod guiding ring.

[0013] Preferably, the umbrella rib-like transmission mechanism includes an upper umbrella joint, a lower umbrella joint, a plurality of main umbrella ribs, a plurality of secondary umbrella ribs, a plurality of support umbrella ribs and a plurality of connecting rods. The upper umbrella joint is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top of the jellyfish neck. The upper ends of the secondary umbrella ribs are hinged to the upper umbrella joint, and the lower ends of the secondary umbrella ribs are alternatively hinged to the middle parts of a main umbrella rib. The upper ends of the main umbrella ribs are hinged to the middle parts of the support umbrella ribs, and the lower ends of the main umbrella ribs are hinged to the lower umbrella joint. The lower umbrella joint is fixed on a limiting ring, and the limiting ring is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the electric push rod. The upper ends of the support umbrella ribs are hinged to the upper ends of the connecting rods, and the lower ends of the connecting rods are hinged to the middle parts of the secondary umbrella ribs. The support umbrella ribs are fixedly installed on the annular film.

[0014] Preferably, an annular groove and a plurality of clamping grooves are formed on both the upper umbrella joint and the lower umbrella joint. The secondary umbrella ribs are hinged in the clamping grooves of the upper umbrella joint through metal wires, and the main umbrella ribs are hinged in the clamping grooves of the lower umbrella joint through metal wires.

[0015] Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a bionic jellyfish wave energy generation method for an adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity. Using the above-mentioned bionic jellyfish wave energy generation buoy with an adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity, it includes the following steps: S1. Set the effective wave frequency range, the lower limit of the wave frequency is f 1 , and the upper limit is f 2 ; S2. Collect sea condition data in real time. Through the wave sensor carried by the buoy, obtain the current wave frequency f n in real time; S3. Judge whether the current wave frequency f n exceeds the effective range. If f n exceeds the effective range, the wave energy generation buoy stops generating electricity. If f 1 < f n < f 2 , then execute step S4; S4. Query the simulation database and adjust the opening and closing amplitude of the umbrella cavity. According to the current f n , match the preselected optimal umbrella cavity diameter d from the simulation database: If it is necessary to increase the umbrella cavity diameter, drive the electric push rod to contract upward to expand the umbrella cavity; if it is necessary to decrease the umbrella cavity diameter, drive the electric push rod to extend downward to close the umbrella cavity; if the current umbrella cavity diameter has reached the preselected optimal value, maintain the state and execute step S5; S5. Dynamic optimization and locking: Monitor the output power P of the linear generator through an electrical parameter sensor, and use a double-disturbance observation algorithm to finely adjust the umbrella cavity diameter d, that is, apply a small disturbance Δd to the umbrella cavity diameter d, and calculate the power change ΔP. If ΔP>0, continue to adjust the umbrella cavity diameter d in the direction of the disturbance until ΔP approaches zero; if ΔP≤0, adjust the umbrella cavity diameter d in the reverse direction and repeat the disturbance test. When ΔP≈0 after three consecutive disturbances, determine the current umbrella cavity diameter d as the actual optimal value, lock the position of the electric push rod, and maintain the current opening and closing amplitude of the umbrella cavity.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By dynamically regulating the opening and closing amplitude of the umbrella cavity of the bionic jellyfish-shaped buoy, the added mass and natural frequency of the wave energy buoy are changed to match the wave frequency, ensuring that the bionic jellyfish-shaped wave energy power generation buoy can adapt to different wave conditions and significantly improving the conversion efficiency of wave energy. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the motor mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the umbrella rib-like transmission mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the articulated structure of the umbrella rib and the umbrella bone joint of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic flow chart of adjusting the opening and closing amplitude of the umbrella cavity according to different wave conditions in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Markings in the figure: 100, jellyfish head; 110, spring; 120, hemispherical hollow cover; 130, annular film; 200, jellyfish neck; 220, electric push rod; 230, cylinder shell; 240, push rod guide ring; 250, main shaft guide ring; 260, limit ring; 270, main shaft; 300, umbrella rib-like transmission mechanism; 310, upper umbrella bone joint; 320, metal wire; 330, secondary umbrella rib; 340, connecting rod; 350, supporting umbrella rib; 360, main umbrella rib; 370, lower umbrella bone joint; 400, anchor chain. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] In order to make the above features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments are hereinafter given and described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows.

[0025] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a bionic jellyfish wave energy generation buoy with an adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity includes a jellyfish head 100, a jellyfish neck 200, an annular film 130 and a control module. The outer bottom of the jellyfish head 100 is connected to the inner side of the annular film 130. The jellyfish neck 200 is fixed below the bottom of the jellyfish head 100. A power generation mechanism is arranged at the jellyfish neck 200. The control module is installed on the jellyfish neck 200 and is used to control the opening and closing amplitude of the annular film 130 to match the wave frequency. The annular film 130 acts as an umbrella cavity structure.

[0026] In this embodiment, the jellyfish head 100 is a hemispherical hollow cover 120 structure, the jellyfish neck 200 is a cylindrical structure, the power generation mechanism includes a cylinder shell 230 and a main shaft 270. The cylinder shell 230 is installed within the central circle of the jellyfish neck 200. The main shaft 270 passes through the cylinder shell 230. Windings are arranged on the cylinder shell 230. A magnet is arranged in the middle of the main shaft 270. The upper part of the main shaft 270 extends upward out of the jellyfish neck 200 and is located within the jellyfish head 100. The lower part of the main shaft 270 extends downward out of the bottom of the jellyfish neck 200. An anchor chain 400 is arranged at the bottom of the main shaft 270.

[0027] The working principle of the power generation structure is as follows: When at sea, the main shaft 270 remains stationary. Under the action of waves, the cylinder shell 230 will move up and down with the overall device. Therefore, relative movement will occur between the cylinder shell 230 and the main shaft 270 to generate electricity.

[0028] In this embodiment, a limit plate is arranged at the top of the main shaft 270, and the diameter of the limit plate is larger than the diameter of the central circle of the jellyfish neck 200.

[0029] In this embodiment, a spring 110 is arranged on the inner top surface of the hemispherical hollow cover 120 of the jellyfish head 100, and the spring 110 is located directly above the limit plate. The spring 110 plays a buffering role.

[0030] In this embodiment, a main shaft guide ring 250 matching the main shaft 270 is arranged at the bottom of the jellyfish neck 200, and a rubber gasket for sealing is arranged between the main shaft 270 and the main shaft guide ring 250. The rubber gasket can prevent seawater from entering the interior of the device.

[0031] In this embodiment, an annular sealing cavity is formed inside the jellyfish neck 200. A partition is installed on the inner ring of the annular sealing cavity. The control module includes an electric push rod 220 and an umbrella-bone-like transmission mechanism 300. The electric push rod 220 is installed on the partition. The output shaft of the electric push rod 220 passes downward through the annular sealing cavity of the jellyfish neck 200. The electric push rod 220 is used to drive the umbrella-bone-like transmission mechanism 300. The umbrella-bone-like transmission mechanism 300 is installed on the outer peripheral side of the jellyfish neck 200 and is connected to the annular film 130.

[0032] The control module further includes an electrical parameter sensor, a wave sensor, a data memory, and a controller. The electrical parameter sensor is used to detect the output power of the power generation mechanism, and the wave sensor is used to collect sea condition wave data in real time. The controller collects the data transmitted by each sensor to match the simulation data in the data memory, and then controls the opening and closing amplitude of the annular film 130 through the electric push rod 220 to match the wave frequency.

[0033] In this embodiment, a push rod guide ring 240 matching the output shaft of the electric push rod 220 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the jellyfish neck 200. A rubber gasket for sealing is arranged between the output shaft of the electric push rod 220 and the push rod guide ring 240. The rubber gasket can prevent seawater from entering the interior of the device.

[0034] In this embodiment, the umbrella-bone-like transmission mechanism 300 includes an upper umbrella joint 310, a lower umbrella joint 370, a plurality of main umbrella bones 360, a plurality of secondary umbrella bones 330, a plurality of branch umbrella bones 350, and a plurality of connecting rods 340. The upper umbrella joint 310 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top of the jellyfish neck 200. The upper ends of the secondary umbrella bones 330 are hinged to the upper umbrella joint 310. The lower end of each secondary umbrella bone 330 is alternatively hinged to the middle of a main umbrella bone 360. The upper end of the main umbrella bone 360 is hinged to the middle of the branch umbrella bone 350. The lower end of the main umbrella bone 360 is hinged to the lower umbrella joint 370. The lower umbrella joint 370 is fixed on a limit ring 260. The limit ring 260 is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the electric push rod 220. The upper end of the branch umbrella bone 350 is hinged to the upper end of the connecting rod 340. The lower end of the connecting rod 340 is hinged to the middle of the secondary umbrella bone 330. The branch umbrella bones 350 are fixedly installed on the annular film 130. The fixing method of the branch umbrella bones 350 and the annular film 130 is the same as the fixing method of the umbrella surface and umbrella bones in the prior art, such as fixing with steel wires or stitches, which will not be elaborated here.

[0035] The working principle of the umbrella-bone-like transmission mechanism 300: By extending and retracting the electric push rod 220, the extension and retraction of the umbrella-bone-like transmission mechanism 300 can be controlled, so as to control the opening and closing amplitude of the annular film 130 to match the wave frequency.

[0036] In this embodiment, an annular groove and a plurality of clamping grooves are formed on both the upper umbrella joint 310 and the lower umbrella joint 370. The auxiliary umbrella rib 330 is hinged in the clamping groove of the upper umbrella joint 310 through a wire 320, and the main umbrella rib 360 is hinged in the clamping groove of the lower umbrella joint 370 through a wire 320.

[0037] In this embodiment, the annular thin film 130 is an elastic silica gel thin film.

[0038] The core principle of the present invention: When the jellyfish - type wave - energy - generating buoy floats on the sea surface, the main shaft 270 in the linear power - generating mechanism is fixed to the seabed through an anchor chain 400 and remains stationary, while the cylinder shell 230 makes a heaving motion under the action of waves with the whole device. Therefore, the windings in the cylinder shell 230 and the magnets in the main shaft 270 perform a relative motion of cutting magnetic induction lines, generating an induced current. The current is output to the energy - storage device through a wire or directly for power supply.

[0039] When the actual wave frequency is close to the natural frequency of the bionic jellyfish - type wave - energy - generating buoy in the heaving direction, the heaving motion of the wave - energy - generating buoy is the most intense, and the wave - energy conversion efficiency is close to the peak value. Formula (1) shows the relationship between the projected area A of the umbrella cavity after expansion and the diameter d of the umbrella cavity: (1) Where A is the projected area of the umbrella cavity after expansion, and d is the opening and closing amplitude.

[0040] Formula (2) is the calculation formula for the added mass: (2) Where m add is the added mass of the wave - energy - generating buoy in the heaving direction, C is the shape coefficient, and ρ 水 is the density of water.

[0041] The calculation formula for the natural frequency f of the wave - energy - generating buoy in the heaving direction is as shown in Formula (3): (3) Where k is the restoring - force coefficient, m 总 is the mass of the wave - energy - generating buoy, m add is the added mass of the wave - energy - generating buoy in the heaving direction, f is the natural frequency of the wave - energy - generating buoy in the heaving direction, C is the shape coefficient, ρ 水 is the density of water, and d is the diameter of the umbrella cavity.

[0042] According to the above formula, when changing the diameter d of the umbrella cavity, the added mass and natural frequency of the wave energy generating buoy can be affected. Therefore, by changing the diameter d of the umbrella cavity of the bionic jellyfish-shaped buoy, the added mass and natural frequency of the buoy in the heaving direction can be changed, and the wave energy conversion efficiency of the wave energy generating buoy under different wave conditions can be optimized.

[0043] As Figures 1 to 6 shown, a bionic jellyfish wave energy generation method with an adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity, using the above-mentioned bionic jellyfish wave energy generating buoy with an adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity, includes the following steps: S1. Set the effective wave frequency range, the lower limit of the wave frequency is f 1 , and the upper limit is f 2 ; S2. Collect sea condition data in real time. Through the wave sensor carried by the buoy, obtain the current wave frequency f n in real time; S3. Judge whether the current wave frequency f n exceeds the effective range. If f n exceeds the effective range, the wave energy generating buoy stops generating electricity. If f 1 < f n < f 2 , then execute step S4; S4. Query the simulation database and adjust the opening and closing amplitude of the umbrella cavity. According to the current f n , match the preselected optimal umbrella cavity diameter d from the simulation database: If it is necessary to increase the umbrella cavity diameter, drive the electric push rod to contract upward to expand the umbrella cavity; if it is necessary to decrease the umbrella cavity diameter, drive the electric push rod to extend downward to close the umbrella cavity; if the current umbrella cavity diameter has reached the preselected optimal value, maintain the state and execute step S5; S5. Dynamic optimization and locking. Monitor the output power P of the linear generator through the electrical parameter sensor, and use the double perturbation observation algorithm to finely adjust the umbrella cavity diameter d, that is, apply a small perturbation Δd to the umbrella cavity diameter d, and calculate the power change ΔP: If ΔP>0, then continue to adjust the umbrella cavity diameter d along the perturbation direction until ΔP approaches zero; if ΔP≤0, then adjust the umbrella cavity diameter d in the reverse direction and repeat the perturbation test. When ΔP≈0 after 3 consecutive perturbations, determine that the current umbrella cavity diameter d is the actual optimal value, lock the position of the electric push rod, and maintain the current opening and closing amplitude of the umbrella cavity.

[0044] In the design stage, simulate the added mass m add under different umbrella cavity diameters d through the hydrodynamic simulation software, and calculate the corresponding natural frequency f. In the typical range covering the wave frequency f n (such as 0.1 - 1.0 Hz), generate multiple groups of (d, f) data, and record parameters such as added mass, stiffness, and wave force.

[0045] Input the simulation data into the regression model to establish the mapping relationship between d and f n and construct a real-time regulation database for predicting the most effective opening and closing amplitude of the umbrella cavity, providing a data basis for determining the range of umbrella cavity diameters corresponding to the optimal wave energy conversion efficiency of the device under actual sea conditions.

[0046] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical content of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention according to the technical essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic jellyfish wave energy power generation buoy with adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity, characterized by: It includes a jellyfish head, a jellyfish neck, an annular film and a control module. The outer side of the bottom of the jellyfish head is connected to the inner side of the annular film. The jellyfish neck is fixed below the bottom of the jellyfish head. A power generation mechanism is arranged at the jellyfish neck. The control module is installed on the jellyfish neck. The control module is used to control the opening and closing range of the annular film. An annular sealed cavity is formed inside the neck of the jellyfish, and a partition is installed on the inner ring of the annular sealed cavity. The control module includes an electric push rod and an umbrella-like rib transmission mechanism. The electric push rod is installed on the partition, and the output shaft of the electric push rod passes downward through the annular sealed cavity of the neck of the jellyfish. The electric push rod is used to drive the umbrella-like rib transmission mechanism, and the umbrella-like rib transmission mechanism is installed on the outer peripheral side of the neck of the jellyfish and connected to the annular film. The rib-like transmission mechanism comprises an upper rib joint, a lower rib joint, a plurality of main ribs, a plurality of secondary ribs, a plurality of supporting ribs and a plurality of connecting rods. The upper rib joint is fixedly mounted on the top outer side of the jellyfish neck, the upper end of each secondary rib is hinged to the upper rib joint, the lower end of each secondary rib is hinged to the middle part of a main rib, the upper end of the main rib is hinged to the middle part of the supporting rib, the lower end of the main rib is hinged to the lower rib joint, the lower rib joint is fixed to a limiting ring, the limiting ring is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the electric push rod, the upper end of the supporting rib is hinged to the upper end of the connecting rod, the lower end of the connecting rod is hinged to the middle part of the secondary rib, and the supporting rib is fixedly mounted on the annular film.

2. The bionic jellyfish wave energy power generation buoy with adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity according to claim 1 is characterized by: The jellyfish head is a hemispherical hollow cover structure, the jellyfish neck is a cylindrical structure, the power generation mechanism includes a cylinder shell and a main shaft, the cylinder shell is installed in the center circle of the jellyfish neck, the main shaft passes through the cylinder shell, a winding is arranged on the cylinder shell, a magnet is arranged in the middle of the main shaft, the upper part of the main shaft extends upward from the jellyfish neck and is located in the jellyfish head, the lower part of the main shaft extends downward from the bottom of the jellyfish neck, and an anchor chain is arranged at the bottom of the main shaft.

3. The bionic jellyfish wave energy power generation buoy with adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity according to claim 2 is characterized by: A limiting plate is arranged on the top of the main shaft, and the diameter of the limiting plate is larger than the diameter of the central circle of the jellyfish neck.

4. The bionic jellyfish wave energy power generation buoy with adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity according to claim 2 is characterized by: A spring is arranged on the inner top surface of the hemispherical hollow cover of the jellyfish head, and the spring is located just above the limiting plate.

5. The bionic jellyfish wave energy power generation buoy with adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity according to claim 2 is characterized by: A main shaft guide ring matched with the main shaft is arranged at the bottom of the jellyfish neck, and a rubber gasket for sealing is arranged between the main shaft and the main shaft guide ring.

6. The bionic jellyfish wave energy power generation buoy with adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity according to claim 1 is characterized by: A push rod guide ring matched with the electric push rod output shaft is fixedly installed at the bottom of the jellyfish neck, and a rubber gasket for sealing is arranged between the electric push rod output shaft and the push rod guide ring.

7. The bionic jellyfish wave energy power generation buoy with adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity according to claim 1 is characterized by: The upper rib joint and the lower rib joint are both provided with an annular groove and a plurality of clamping grooves, the auxiliary rib is hinged in the clamping groove of the upper rib joint through a metal wire, and the main rib is hinged in the clamping groove of the lower rib joint through a metal wire.

8. A bionic jellyfish wave energy power generation method with an adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity, using the bionic jellyfish wave energy power generation buoy with an adaptive opening and closing umbrella cavity as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, set the effective wave frequency range, the lower limit of the wave frequency is f1, and the upper limit is f2; S2. Collect sea condition data in real time, and obtain the current wave frequency f in real time through the wave sensor carried by the buoy n ; S3. Determine the current wave frequency f n Whether it exceeds the effective range. If f n exceeds the effective range, the wave energy power generation buoy stops generating electricity. If f1 < f n < f2, then execute step S4; S4, query the simulation database and adjust the opening and closing amplitude of the umbrella cavity according to the current f n , match the pre-selected optimal umbrella cavity diameter d from the simulation database: if the diameter of the umbrella cavity needs to be increased, drive the electric push rod to retract upward to expand the umbrella cavity; If the diameter of the umbrella cavity needs to be reduced, the electric push rod is driven to extend downward to close the umbrella cavity; if the current diameter of the umbrella cavity has reached the pre-selected optimal value, the state is maintained and step S5 is executed; S5. Dynamic optimization and locking. The output power P of the linear generator is monitored by an electrical parameter sensor. The double perturbation observation algorithm is used to fine-tune the umbrella cavity diameter d. That is, a small disturbance Δd is applied to the umbrella cavity diameter d, and the power change ΔP is calculated: if ΔP>0, the umbrella cavity diameter d is continued to be adjusted along the disturbance direction until ΔP approaches zero; if ΔP≤0, the umbrella cavity diameter d is adjusted in the reverse direction, and the disturbance test is repeated; when ΔP≈0 after three consecutive disturbances, the current umbrella cavity diameter d is determined to be the actual optimal value, and the electric push rod position is locked to maintain the current umbrella cavity opening and closing range.

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