Non-orthogonal double-shaft transmission condensation heliostat

Abstract

The invention relates to a condensing heliostat for solar heat utilization, and aims to improve the stability and uniformity of light spots. The heliostat comprises a reflecting mirror, a stand column, a mirror surface support, a rotary driving system, a driving connecting base, a mirror surface connecting base and a controller. The reflecting mirror is fixed through the lens connecting sheet to form a reflecting mirror assembly; the auxiliary beams and the main beams are assembled to form a #-shaped mirror surface support, and the reflector assembly is installed on the #-shaped mirror surface support. The mirror support is connected with the inclination rotation driving system through the mirror connecting seat, the inclination rotation driving system is connected with the driving connecting seat, the lower end of the driving connecting seat is connected with the horizontal rotation driving system, and the output end of the driving connecting seat is fixed with a flange at the upper end of the stand column. The rotary driving system comprises a speed reducer, a motor and an encoder, and the controller is used for accurately controlling the direction of the reflecting surface and ensuring efficient operation of the heliostat. The stand column is fixed to the ground and provides a stable supporting structure. By optimizing the structural design and the configuration of the driving system, the performance of the heliostat is remarkably improved, and the heliostat is suitable for various solar heat utilization scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of solar thermal utilization, and particularly to a concentrating heliostat for solar tower and secondary reflection thermal utilization, while expanding its application in emerging directions such as solar hydrogen production. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and renewable energy source, solar energy occupies an important position in the energy structure of this century. Compared with solar cell power generation, solar thermal power generation has the advantages of cheap energy storage and stable power output ability, and shows unique advantages in large-scale solar energy resource utilization. Solar thermal power generation mainly includes four methods: trough type, tower type, Fresnel type and dish type. Among them, the tower-type solar thermal power generation system is further divided into traditional tower type and secondary reflection type solar power generation. In the traditional tower type, a large number of heliostats reflect sunlight onto the absorber on the high tower to heat the working fluid, realizing the conversion of light energy into heat energy. The working fluid mainly includes molten salt, water, air (CO 2 ), etc., and the heat carried out by it can be converted into electric energy through a steam turbine and a supporting system. In the secondary reflection type, a large number of heliostats reflect sunlight onto the secondary reflection tower, and then the secondary reflection tower reflects the sunlight into the ground absorber to heat the working fluid, realizing the conversion of light energy into heat energy. The working fluid mainly includes molten salt, water, air (CO 2 ) and other thermal utilization fields such as the latest hydrogen production, carbon dioxide, and solid particles.

[0003] The heliostat plays a key role in the tower-type solar thermal utilization system in reflecting and concentrating sunlight onto the absorber. Its main components include a reflecting mirror surface, a support structure, a driving system, a control system, a column and a foundation. The key parameters of a single heliostat include the reflection area, the wind pressure borne, and the surface shape accuracy. The larger the reflection area, the fewer the number of control and driving devices required per unit area, but the load borne increases, and higher requirements are imposed on the driving and supporting structures. At present, the area of the heliostat ranges from 2㎡ to 178㎡. The greater the wind pressure borne, the longer the working time of the heliostat in the natural environment and the greater the power generation; the higher the surface shape accuracy, the higher the optical efficiency of the reflected light projected in the specified direction and the better the spot quality.

[0004] With the development of solar thermal utilization technology, its application fields are constantly expanding. In recent years, solar hydrogen production, as an emerging direction, has received extensive attention and provided a new way for the further utilization of clean energy. However, the existing heliostats have deficiencies in terms of spot stability, uniformity, etc., which limit the overall performance of the solar thermal utilization system and the application expansion in new directions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the disadvantages of poor spot stability and uneven spot distribution of existing heliostats under wind loads, and provides a concentrating heliostat with good spot stability, suitable for new directions such as solar tower and secondary reflection thermal utilization and hydrogen production.

[0006] The present invention provides a concentrating heliostat for solar thermal utilization, which includes a reflector, a column, a mirror support, a slewing drive system, a drive connection seat, a mirror connection seat and a controller. The back of the reflector is bonded to the lens connecting piece at a fixed position to form a reflector assembly; the secondary beam and the main beam are assembled into a cross-shaped mirror support in sequence through connecting pieces; the reflector assembly is installed on the mirror support; the upper end of the mirror support is connected to the mirror connection seat; the lower end of the mirror connection seat is connected to the output end of the tilt slewing drive system; the fixed end of the tilt slewing drive system is connected to the upper end of the drive connection seat; the lower end of the drive connection seat is connected to the fixed end of the horizontal slewing drive system; the output end of the horizontal slewing drive system is connected to the upper flange of the column; the slewing drive system device includes a reducer, a motor and an encoder; the controller is used to control the slewing drive system; the column is fixed on the ground.

[0007] The concentrating heliostat of the present invention significantly improves the spot stability and uniformity through optimizing the structure and drive system design. The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0008] 1. Reflector assembly design: The back of the reflector is bonded to the lens connecting piece at a fixed position to form a stable reflector assembly. The lens connecting pieces are arranged in a uniform layout to ensure uniform stress on the reflector during operation, reduce deformation, and improve the accuracy of reflected light.

[0009] 2. Mirror support structure: The secondary beam and the main beam are assembled into a cross-shaped structural frame through connecting pieces to form a sturdy mirror support. This structure not only has good load-bearing capacity, but also can make the reflecting surface cold-bent into a spherical surface through the arrangement and combination of secondary beams of different specifications, further optimizing the spot quality.

[0010] 3. Slewing drive system: The slewing drive system device includes a reducer, a motor and an encoder, which can accurately control the direction of the reflecting surface of the heliostat. The tilt slewing drive system and the horizontal slewing drive system are installed at a 90° angle clockwise around the axis of the horizontal slewing drive system to avoid interference between the heliostat and the tilt slewing drive during movement. The tilt slewing drive system has a 45° angle with the horizontal plane to achieve non-orthogonal two-axis drive, significantly improving the tracking accuracy and spot stability of the heliostat.

[0011] 4. Optimization of connection method: The lower flange of the mirror support is connected to the upper flange of the mirror connection seat by bolts, and the lower flange of the mirror connection seat is connected to the output flange of the tilt rotation drive system by bolts. The fixed flange surface of the tilt rotation drive system is connected to the upper flange of the drive connection seat by bolts, and the lower flange of the drive connection seat is connected to the fixed flange of the horizontal rotation drive system by bolts. The mirror connection seat and the drive connection seat are castings with a curved surface shape, which is not only beautiful but also meets the mechanical properties and has a relatively low cost. This connection method not only facilitates installation and maintenance but also ensures the connection strength and stability between components.

[0012] 5. Expansion of controller functions: The controller contains wired and wireless communication modules for communicating with the whole-field controller to achieve centralized control and optimized scheduling of heliostats. The controller is fixed on the side of the drive connection seat and moves together with the drive system, avoiding winding of the control cable around the column. The power supply of the heliostat can be provided uniformly by the mirror field or by using photovoltaic panels, ensuring its stable operation.

[0013] Advantages of the present invention:

[0014] (1) High spot stability: Through non-orthogonal two-axis drive and precise drive control system, the tracking accuracy of the heliostat is significantly improved, making the spot more stable.

[0015] (2) Good spot uniformity: The optimized reflector assembly and mirror support structure make the reflected light project more uniformly onto the receiver, improving the optical efficiency and spot quality.

[0016] (3) Robust and reliable structure: The cross-shaped mirror support and rivet connection method ensure the stable operation of the heliostat in harsh environments and extend its service life.

[0017] (4) Wide application range: It is not only applicable to traditional solar tower and secondary reflection thermal utilization systems but can also be extended to emerging directions such as solar hydrogen production, with broad application prospects. Description of the drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is the front view of the concentrating heliostat;

[0019] Figure 2 is the rear view of the concentrating heliostat;

[0020] Figure 3 is the partial enlarged view of the connection between the bonding of the reflector of the concentrating heliostat and the mirror support;

[0021] Figure 4 is the mirror support diagram of the concentrating heliostat;

[0022] Figure 5 is the drive system diagram of the concentrating heliostat;

[0023] Wherein: 1 - mirror, 2 - column, 3 - mirror connecting piece, 4 - mirror support, 4a - secondary beam, 4b - main beam, 4c - connecting piece A, 4d - connecting piece B, 5 - tilt slewing drive system, 6 - horizontal slewing drive system, 7 - drive connecting seat, 8 - mirror connecting seat, 9 - controller. Detailed implementation mode

[0024] The concentrating heliostat proposed by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The concentrating heliostat of the present invention mainly consists of a mirror (1), a column (2), a lens connecting piece (3), a mirror support (4), a tilt slewing drive system (5), a horizontal slewing drive system (6), a drive connecting seat (7), a mirror connecting seat (8) and a controller (9). The mirror (1) is fixed through the lens connecting piece (3) to form a mirror assembly; the secondary beam (4a) and the main beam (4b) are assembled into a cross-shaped mirror support (4) through the connecting piece A (4c) and the connecting piece B (4d), and the mirror assembly is installed thereon. The mirror support (4) is connected to the tilt slewing drive system (5) through the mirror connecting seat (8), the latter is connected to the drive connecting seat (7), the lower end of the drive connecting seat (7) is connected to the horizontal slewing drive system (6), and its output end is fixed to the upper flange of the column (2). The slewing drive system includes a speed reducer, a motor and an encoder, and the controller (9) is used to precisely control the direction of the reflecting surface to ensure the efficient operation of the heliostat. The column (2) is fixed to the ground to provide a stable support structure.

[0026] The following further describes each component in the concentrating heliostat.

[0027] The mirror (1) is the core component of the heliostat. Its back surface is bonded to the lens connecting piece (3) at a fixed position to form a mirror assembly. The lens connecting pieces (3) are adhesively bonded to the back surface of the mirror in a uniformly arranged manner in a fixed direction to ensure uniform stress on the mirror during operation, reduce deformation, and improve the accuracy of the reflected light. The lens connecting piece (3) is designed in an L shape, and the bonding with the back surface of the mirror (1) can utilize the characteristics of the glue to meet the perpendicularity relationship between the mirror (1) and the lens connecting piece (3) and the distance between the holes of the lens connecting piece (3) and the back surface of the mirror (1). The single-hole design of the lens connecting piece (3) can effectively release the internal force generated during the cold bending process of the mirror (1).

[0028] Reference Figure 4, the mirror support (4) is assembled into a cross-shaped structural frame by the secondary beam (4a) and the main beam (4b) through the connector A (4c) and the connector B (4d), forming a sturdy mirror support. This structure not only has good load-bearing capacity and improves structural stability, but also enables the reflecting surface to be cold-bent into a spherical surface through the arrangement and combination of secondary beams (4a) of different specifications, further optimizing the spot quality.

[0029] Reference Figure 5 , the slewing drive system device includes a speed reducer, a motor and an encoder, and can precisely control the direction of the reflecting surface of the heliostat. The tilt slewing drive system (5) and the horizontal slewing drive system (6) are installed at an angle of 90° clockwise around the axis of the horizontal slewing drive system (6), avoiding interference between the heliostat and the tilt slewing drive (5) during movement. The tilt slewing drive system (5) has an angle of 45° with the horizontal plane, realizing non-orthogonal two-axis drive, significantly improving the tracking accuracy and spot stability of the heliostat. The fixed ends of the two slewing drive systems (5) and (6) are connected together. This form is beneficial for preventing the motor and encoder cables from being entangled and pulled by other structures during movement.

[0030] The controller (9) contains wired and wireless communication modules for communicating with the full-field controller to achieve centralized control and optimized scheduling of the heliostat. The controller (9) is fixed on the side of the drive connection seat (7) and moves together with the drive system, avoiding winding of the control cable around the column (2). The power supply of the heliostat can be provided by the unified power supply of the mirror field or by using photovoltaic panels to ensure its stable operation.

Claims

1. A concentrating heliostat for solar thermal utilization, characterized in that: include: A reflector (1); a column (2); a mirror support (4), which is assembled into a tic-tac-toe structure by a secondary beam (4a) and a main beam (4b) through a connector A (4c) and a connector B (4d); an inclination rotation drive system (5); a horizontal rotation drive system (6); a drive connection seat (7); a mirror connection seat (8); and a controller (9). The back of the reflector (1) is bonded to the lens connecting piece (3) at a fixed position to form a reflector assembly; the reflector assembly is mounted on a mirror bracket (4); the mirror bracket (4) is connected to the upper end of a mirror connecting seat (8); the lower end of the mirror connecting seat (8) is connected to the output end of an inclination rotary drive system (5); the fixed end of the inclination rotary drive system (5) is connected to the upper end of a drive connecting seat (7); the lower end of the drive connecting seat (7) is connected to the fixed end of a horizontal rotary drive system (6); the output end of the horizontal rotary drive system (6) is flange-connected to the upper end of a column (2); the rotary drive system device comprises a reducer, a motor and an encoder; the controller (9) is used to control the rotary drive systems (5) and (6); and the column (2) is fixed on the ground.

2. The concentrating heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mirror surface of the reflector (1) is in the shape of a regular polygon, and the mirror surface of the concentrating heliostat formed by the sub-mirrors of the single concentrating heliostat can effectively focus sunlight.

3. The concentrating heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflector (1) is provided with a plurality of lens connecting pieces (3), and the lens connecting pieces (3) are bonded to the back of the reflector (1) in an evenly arranged arrangement to ensure the stability and optical performance of the reflector assembly.

4. The concentrating heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary beam (4a) is assembled with the main beam (4b) and the connecting piece (4c) at a specific position to form a two-layer crisscross structural frame, so as to enhance the bearing capacity and stability of the mirror support (4).

5. The concentrating heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the reflector assembly is connected to the mirror support (4), the reflective surface is cold-bent into a spherical surface by arranging and combining different hole positions on the sub-beam (4a) and sub-beams (4a) of different specifications, thereby further optimizing the light spot quality.

6. The concentrating heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower flange of the mirror support (4) and the upper flange of the mirror connection seat (8) are connected by bolts to ensure the firmness and reliability of the connection.

7. The concentrating heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end flange of the mirror connection seat (8) is connected to the output end flange of the tilt rotation drive system (5) by bolts, and the two flange surfaces of the mirror connection seat (8) are angled so that the flange surfaces of the heliostat are horizontal in the initial posture, which is convenient for installation and debugging.

8. The concentrating heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed end flange surface of the tilting and rotating driving system (5) is connected to the upper end flange of the driving connection seat (7) by bolts, thereby ensuring the firmness and reliability of the connection.

9. The concentrating heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end flange of the drive connection seat (7) is connected to the fixed end flange of the horizontal slewing drive system (6) by bolts, and the tilt slewing drive system (5) and the horizontal slewing drive system (6) are installed at an angle of 90° clockwise around the rotation axis of the horizontal slewing drive system (6), so as to avoid interference between the heliostat and the tilt slewing drive (5) during movement.

10. The concentrating heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive connection seat (7) is composed of two identical flanges, and the upper and lower flange surfaces are angled to achieve dual-axis non-orthogonal control.

11. The concentrating heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (9) adjusts the direction of the reflecting surface of the heliostat by controlling the rotary drive system, thereby ensuring that the heliostat can accurately track the position of the sun and improving the stability and uniformity of the light spot.

12. The concentrating heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (9) comprises a communication module for communicating with the global controller to achieve centralized control and optimized scheduling of the heliostats.

13. The concentrating heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (9) is fixed to the side of the drive connection seat (7) and is powered by the mirror field to ensure stable operation of the controller.

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