Portable field hydrology and water quality monitoring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable field hydrology and water quality monitoring system, and relates to the technical field of data analysis, and the system comprises the steps: obtaining historical hydrology and water quality time sequence data of a to-be-monitored target area, predicting a hydrology and water quality state time sequence vector of the to-be-monitored target area, and determining a portable field hydrology and water quality monitoring assembly of the to-be-monitored target area; according to the portable field hydrology and water quality monitoring assembly, determining a real-time collection data sample type of the to-be-monitored target area, and generating a real-time data transmission demand of the to-be-monitored target area; the method comprises the following steps: initializing a data transmission channel of a portable field hydrology and water quality monitoring assembly of a to-be-monitored target area, and establishing a transmission channel dynamic replacement model based on a real-time data transmission demand of the to-be-monitored target area and the data transmission channel of the portable field hydrology and water quality monitoring assembly of the to-be-monitored target area, and generating a real-time data transmission adjustment scheme of the to-be-monitored target area. The method has the advantage that the adaptability and the real-time performance of the monitoring system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data analysis, and specifically relates to a portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] Portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring refers to the process of using portable devices to monitor hydrological and water quality parameters in the field environment in real time. This monitoring method has the advantages of portability, high efficiency, and accuracy, and can quickly obtain hydrological and water quality data in different field environments, providing important support for fields such as environmental protection, water resource management, and emergency response.

[0003] Existing portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring devices are far from the power source, and the device body is limited by the portable size. There are problems such as data transmission loss or offline storage after collecting hydrological and water quality data for a certain period, and they cannot be observed in real time, resulting in poor real-time monitoring of the hydrological and water quality status in the target area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, a portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring system is provided. This technical solution solves the problems of the existing portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring devices, which are far from the power source and the device body is limited by the portable size, resulting in data transmission loss or offline storage after collecting hydrological and water quality data for a certain period, and they cannot be observed in real time, and the real-time monitoring of the hydrological and water quality status in the target area is poor.

[0005] To achieve the above purposes, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring system, comprising: A time series data acquisition module, a monitoring component composition module, a transmission requirement module, a channel initialization module, and a dynamic transmission module; The time series data acquisition module is used to obtain the historical hydrological and water quality time series data of the target area to be monitored, and predict the hydrological and water quality state time series vector of the target area to be monitored according to time series analysis; The monitoring component composition module is electrically connected to the time series data acquisition module, and the monitoring component composition module is used to determine the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring components of the target area to be monitored according to the predicted hydrological and water quality state time series vector of the target area to be monitored; The transmission requirement module is electrically connected to the monitoring component composition module, and the transmission requirement module is used to determine the type of real-time acquisition data samples of the target area to be monitored according to the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring components of the target area to be monitored, and generate the real-time data transmission requirement of the target area to be monitored; The channel initialization module is used to initialize the data transmission channel of the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring components of the target area to be monitored, The dynamic transmission module is electrically connected to the transmission requirement module and the channel initialization module. The dynamic transmission module is used to initialize the data transmission channel of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring component for the target area to be monitored based on the real-time data transmission requirement, establish a dynamic replacement model for the transmission channel, and generate a real-time data transmission adjustment plan for the target area to be monitored.

[0006] Preferably, obtaining the historical hydrographic and water quality time series data of the target area to be monitored and predicting the hydrographic and water quality state time series vector of the target area to be monitored according to time series analysis specifically includes: Performing data preprocessing based on the historical hydrographic and water quality time series data of the target area to be monitored, and marking the hydrographic and water quality index characteristic data corresponding to the historical hydrographic and water quality time series data of the target area to be monitored according to the unit time; Using the differential change function to transform the historical hydrographic and water quality index characteristic data of the target area to be monitored to obtain the historical hydrographic and water quality index characteristic differential transformation data of the target area to be monitored; Based on the SARIMA seasonal time series prediction analysis, constructing a hydrographic and water quality prediction model for the target area to be monitored; Based on the historical hydrographic and water quality index characteristic differential transformation data of the target area to be monitored, performing stationarity verification according to the ADF test, substituting it into the hydrographic and water quality prediction model of the target area to be monitored, using the historical hydrographic and water quality index characteristic data of the target area to be monitored as the input, optimizing the model parameters according to methods such as the least squares method, and taking minimizing the error function as the end goal to generate the predicted hydrographic and water quality indexes for the future target area to be monitored; Among them, the hydrographic and water quality prediction model of the target area to be monitored is specifically: , In the formula, is the hydrographic and water quality index for predicting the future i-th target area to be monitored at the t-th unit time, is the constant term, is the autoregressive coefficient, is the historical hydrographic and water quality index characteristic data of the i-th target area to be monitored at the t-th unit time, is the moving average coefficient, is the value of the white noise error term at unit times, is the value of the white noise error term at unit times, is the total number of autoregressive orders, is the total number of moving average orders.

[0007] Preferably, determining the real-time data acquisition data sample type of the target area to be monitored and generating the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored by the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring component specifically includes: Based on the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored, determine the basic sampling rate of the hydrographic and water quality of the monitoring group, and obtain the portable field hydrographic and water quality data density parameter of the target area to be monitored; According to the portable field hydrographic and water quality data density parameter of the target area to be monitored, determine the data transmission format of the corresponding transmission protocol for the hydrographic and water quality data of the target area to be monitored; Calculate the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored according to the transmission preference of the transmission protocol for the data transmission format of the hydrographic and water quality data of the target area to be monitored; Among them, the specific calculation of the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored is: , In the formula, is the jth real-time data transmission requirement of the ith target area to be monitored, is the transmission format of the jth real-time data of the ith target area to be monitored, , , , are all regression coefficients, is the error term.

[0008] Preferably, based on the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored and initializing the data transmission channel of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored, establishing a transmission channel dynamic replacement model and generating a real-time data transmission adjustment plan for the target area to be monitored specifically includes: Verify the real-time performance of the transmission protocol channel of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored, and initialize the status index of the transmission protocol channel of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored; Based on the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored and the status index of the transmission protocol channel of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored, use one-hot encoding for vector conversion to obtain the real-time data transmission requirement vector of the target area to be monitored and the status index vector of the transmission protocol channel of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored; According to the Euclidean distance formula, calculate the spatial distance between the real-time data transmission requirement vector of the target area to be monitored and the status index vector of the transmission protocol channel of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored, and perform normalization processing to obtain the adaptability index between the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol; Based on the decision tree, a dynamic replacement model for the transmission channel is constructed, using the transmission protocol channel status index vector as the branch and leaf nodes, and the adaptability index between the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol as the division threshold, to generate a real-time data transmission adjustment plan for the target area to be monitored; Among them, the adaptability index between the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol is specifically: , In the formula, is the adaptability index between the k-th transmission protocol of the j-th real-time data transmission requirement of the i-th target area to be monitored, is the spatial distance between the real-time data transmission requirement vector of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol channel status index vector of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring component in the target area to be monitored, is the k-th transmission protocol channel status index vector of the i-th target area to be monitored, and C is a normalization factor.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention proposes a portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring solution. By analyzing the historical hydrographic and water quality time series data of the target area to be monitored, its future state is predicted, and the required monitoring components and real-time data collection sample types are determined accordingly. Then, the data transmission channel is initialized, and a transmission dynamic replacement model is established to adjust the real-time data transmission plan. The beneficial effect is that the monitoring components and data transmission can be flexibly configured according to the prediction results, improving the adaptability and real-time performance of the monitoring system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 is a framework flowchart of a portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring system; Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method for predicting the hydrographic and water quality state time series vector of the target area to be monitored; Figure 3 is a flowchart of a method for generating the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored; Figure 4 is a flowchart of a method for generating a real-time data transmission adjustment plan for the target area to be monitored. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations.

[0012] Referring to Figure 1 as shown, a portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring system includes: A timing data acquisition module, a monitoring component composition module, a transmission requirement module, a channel initialization module, and a dynamic transmission module; The timing data acquisition module is used to obtain the historical hydrological and water quality timing data of the target area to be monitored, and predict the hydrological and water quality state timing vector of the target area to be monitored according to time series analysis; The monitoring component composition module is electrically connected to the timing data acquisition module. The monitoring component composition module is used to determine the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring components of the target area to be monitored according to the predicted hydrological and water quality state timing vector of the target area to be monitored; The transmission requirement module is electrically connected to the monitoring component composition module. The transmission requirement module is used to determine the type of real-time acquisition data samples of the target area to be monitored according to the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring components of the target area to be monitored, and generate the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored; The channel initialization module is used to initialize the data transmission channel of the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring components of the target area to be monitored, The dynamic transmission module is electrically connected to the transmission requirement module and the channel initialization module. The dynamic transmission module is used to establish a transmission channel dynamic replacement model based on the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored and the initialized data transmission channel of the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring components of the target area to be monitored, and generate a real-time data transmission adjustment plan for the target area to be monitored.

[0013] This solution predicts the future state of the target area to be monitored by analyzing the historical hydrological and water quality timing data of the target area to be monitored, and determines the required monitoring components and the type of real-time acquisition data samples accordingly. Then, it initializes the data transmission channel and establishes a transmission dynamic replacement model to adjust the real-time data transmission plan. The beneficial effect is that it can flexibly configure the monitoring components and data transmission according to the prediction results, improving the adaptability and real-time performance of the monitoring system.

[0014] Refer to Figure 2 As shown, obtaining the historical hydrological and water quality timing data of the target area to be monitored and predicting the hydrological and water quality state timing vector of the target area to be monitored according to time series analysis specifically includes: Perform data preprocessing based on the historical hydrological and water quality timing data of the target area to be monitored, and mark the hydrological and water quality index characteristic data corresponding to the historical hydrological and water quality timing data of the target area to be monitored per unit time; Use the differential change function to transform the historical hydrological and water quality index characteristic data of the target area to be monitored to obtain the historical hydrological and water quality index characteristic differential transformation data of the target area to be monitored; Based on the SARIMA seasonal time series prediction analysis, construct a hydrological and water quality prediction model for the target area to be monitored; Based on the differential transformation data of the historical hydrological and water quality index characteristics of the target area to be monitored, perform stationarity verification according to the ADF test, substitute it into the hydrological and water quality prediction model of the target area to be monitored, use the historical hydrological and water quality index characteristic data of the target area to be monitored as input, optimize the model parameters according to methods such as the least squares method, and take minimizing the error function as the end goal to generate the predicted hydrological and water quality indexes of the target area to be monitored in the future; Among them, the hydrological and water quality prediction model of the target area to be monitored is specifically: , In the formula, is the predicted hydrological and water quality index of the i-th target area to be monitored at the t-th unit time in the future, is the constant term, is the autoregressive coefficient, is the historical hydrological and water quality index characteristic data of the i-th target area to be monitored at the t-th unit time, is the moving average coefficient, is the value of the white noise error term at unit times, is the value of the white noise error term at unit times, is the total number of autoregressive orders, is the total number of moving average orders.

[0015] This solution preprocesses, performs differential transformation, and conducts seasonal time series prediction analysis based on the SARIMA model on the historical hydrological and water quality time series data of the target area to be monitored, constructs and optimizes the hydrological and water quality prediction model to accurately predict the hydrological and water quality status of the target area to be monitored in the future. The beneficial effects are: improving the accuracy and reliability of subsequent hydrological and water quality predictions.

[0016] Refer to Figure 3 As shown, according to the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored, determining the type of real-time acquisition data sample of the target area to be monitored, and generating the specific real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored include: Based on the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored, determine the basic sampling rate of the hydrological and water quality of the monitoring group to obtain the portable field hydrological and water quality data density parameter of the target area to be monitored; According to the portable field hydrological and water quality data density parameter of the target area to be monitored, determine the data transmission format of the corresponding transmission protocol of the hydrological and water quality data of the target area to be monitored; Calculate the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored according to the data transmission preference of the transmission protocol for the data transmission format corresponding to the hydrological and water quality data of the target area to be monitored; Among them, the specific calculation of the real-time data transmission requirements for the target area to be monitored is as follows: , In the formula, is the j-th real-time data transmission requirement for the i-th target area to be monitored, is the transmission format of the j-th real-time data for the i-th target area to be monitored, 、 、 、 are all regression coefficients, is the error term.

[0017] It can be understood that the transmission preference of the data transmission format for the transmission protocol lies in that different data transmission formats will affect the efficiency and method of the transmission protocol for processing data, thus determining the preference during the transmission process, such as transmission speed, stability, energy consumption, and compatibility. By analyzing the transmission preference of the data transmission format, the performance of the transmission protocol can be optimized to meet specific transmission requirements.

[0018] Referring to Figure 4 as shown, based on the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored and the data transmission channels of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring components for initializing the target area to be monitored, establishing a transmission channel dynamic replacement model and generating a real-time data transmission adjustment plan for the target area to be monitored specifically includes: Verify the real-time performance of the transmission protocol channels of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring components in the target area to be monitored, and initialize the status indicators of the transmission protocol channels of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring components in the target area to be monitored; Based on the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored and the status indicators of the transmission protocol channels of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring components for initializing the target area to be monitored, use one-hot encoding for vector conversion to obtain the real-time data transmission requirement vector of the target area to be monitored and the status indicator vector of the transmission protocol channels of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring components in the target area to be monitored; According to the Euclidean distance formula, calculate the spatial distance between the real-time data transmission requirement vector of the target area to be monitored and the status indicator vector of the transmission protocol channels of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring components in the target area to be monitored, and perform normalization processing to obtain the adaptability index between the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol; Based on the decision tree, construct a transmission channel dynamic replacement model, use the status indicator vector of the transmission protocol channel as the branch leaf nodes, and use the adaptability index between the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol as the division threshold to generate a real-time data transmission adjustment plan for the target area to be monitored; Among them, the adaptability index between the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol is specifically: , In the formula, is the adaptability index between the k-th transmission protocol of the j-th real-time data transmission requirement of the i-th target area to be monitored, is the spatial distance between the real-time data transmission requirement vector of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol channel status index vector of the portable field hydrographic and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored, is the k-th transmission protocol channel status index vector of the i-th target area to be monitored, and C is a normalization factor.

[0019] In this solution, the real-time data transmission requirements and channel status indicators are converted into vector forms through one-hot encoding. Then, the Euclidean distance formula is used to calculate and normalize the spatial distance between these two types of vectors to obtain the adaptability index. Finally, a dynamic replacement model for the transmission channel is constructed based on the decision tree. With the channel status index vector as the node and the adaptability index as the division threshold, a real-time data transmission adjustment plan is generated. The beneficial effect of this solution is that it can dynamically evaluate and adjust the adaptability of the transmission channel to the real-time data transmission requirements, ensure the efficiency and stability of data transmission, and improve the flexibility and reliability of the monitoring system.

[0020] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring system, characterized in that: include: Time series data acquisition module, monitoring component composition module, transmission demand module, channel initialization module, dynamic transmission module; The time series data acquisition module is used to obtain the historical hydrological and water quality time series data of the target area to be monitored, and predict the hydrological and water quality state time series vector of the target area to be monitored according to the time series analysis; The monitoring component component module is electrically connected to the time series data acquisition module, and the monitoring component component module is used to determine the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored according to the predicted hydrological and water quality state time series vector of the target area to be monitored; The transmission requirement module is electrically connected to the monitoring component component module, and the transmission requirement module is used to determine the type of real-time collected data samples of the target area to be monitored according to the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored, and generate the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored; The channel initialization module is used to initialize the data transmission channel of the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring component in the target area to be monitored. The dynamic transmission module is electrically connected to the transmission demand module and the channel initialization module. The dynamic transmission module is used to establish a dynamic replacement model of the transmission channel based on the real-time data transmission demand of the target area to be monitored and initialize the data transmission channel of the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored, and generate a real-time data transmission adjustment plan for the target area to be monitored.

2. A portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain the historical hydrological and water quality time series data of the target area to be monitored, and predict the hydrological and water quality state time series vector of the target area to be monitored according to the time series analysis, including: Data preprocessing is performed based on the historical hydrological and water quality time series data of the target area to be monitored, and the hydrological and water quality index characteristic data corresponding to the historical hydrological and water quality time series data of the target area to be monitored are marked according to unit time; Using the differential change function, the characteristic data of the historical hydrological and water quality indicators of the target area to be monitored are converted to obtain the characteristic differential transformation data of the historical hydrological and water quality indicators of the target area to be monitored; Based on SARIMA seasonal time series forecast analysis, a hydrological and water quality forecast model for the target area to be monitored is constructed; Based on the characteristic differential transformation data of historical hydrological and water quality indicators of the target area to be monitored, the stationarity is verified according to the ADF test, and substituted into the hydrological and water quality prediction model of the target area to be monitored. The characteristic data of historical hydrological and water quality indicators of the target area to be monitored are used as input, and the model parameters are optimized according to the least squares method and other methods. The minimization of the error function is taken as the end goal to generate hydrological and water quality indicators for predicting the future target area to be monitored.

3. A portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific hydrological and water quality prediction model for the target area to be monitored is: In the formula, To predict the hydrological and water quality indicators of the i-th target area to be monitored at the t-th unit time in the future, is a constant term, is the autoregression coefficient, is the characteristic data of historical hydrological and water quality indicators of the i-th target area to be monitored at the t-th unit time, is the moving average coefficient, is the white noise error term in The value of a unit of time, is the white noise error term in The value of a unit of time, is the total number of autoregressive orders, is the total number of moving average orders.

4. A portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: According to the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring components of the target area to be monitored, the type of real-time data samples collected in the target area to be monitored is determined, and the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored are generated, including: Based on the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring components of the target area to be monitored, determine the basic sampling rate of the hydrological and water quality of the monitoring group, and obtain the portable field hydrological and water quality data density parameters of the target area to be monitored; Determine the data transmission format of the hydrological and water quality data corresponding to the transmission protocol of the target area to be monitored according to the density parameters of the portable field hydrological and water quality data of the target area to be monitored; According to the data transmission format of the transmission protocol corresponding to the hydrological and water quality data of the target area to be monitored and the transmission preference of the transmission protocol, the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored are calculated.

5. A portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The real-time data transmission requirements for calculating the target area to be monitored are specifically: , In the formula, is the jth real-time data transmission requirement of the i-th target area to be monitored, is the transmission format of the jth real-time data of the i-th target area to be monitored, , , , are regression coefficients, is the error term.

6. A portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Based on the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored and the initialization of the data transmission channel of the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring components of the target area to be monitored, a dynamic replacement model of the transmission channel is established to generate a real-time data transmission adjustment plan for the target area to be monitored, which specifically includes: Verify the real-time performance of the transmission protocol channel of the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored, and initialize the transmission protocol channel status indicators of the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored; Based on the real-time data transmission demand of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol channel status index of the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored, the vector conversion is performed using unique hot encoding to obtain the real-time data transmission demand vector of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol channel status index vector of the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored; According to the Euclidean distance formula, the spatial distance between the real-time data transmission demand vector of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol channel state index vector of the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored is calculated, and normalized to obtain the adaptability index between the real-time data transmission demand of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol; Based on the decision tree, a dynamic replacement model of the transmission channel is constructed. The transmission protocol channel status indicator vector is used as the branch and leaf node, and the adaptability index between the real-time data transmission demand of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol is used as the division threshold to generate a real-time data transmission adjustment plan for the target area to be monitored.

7. A portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific compatibility index between the real-time data transmission requirements of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol is: , In the formula, is the adaptability index between the kth transmission protocol and the jth real-time data transmission requirement of the i-th target area to be monitored, is the spatial distance between the real-time data transmission demand vector of the target area to be monitored and the transmission protocol channel status indicator vector of the portable field hydrological and water quality monitoring component of the target area to be monitored, is the kth transmission protocol channel state indicator vector of the i-th target area to be monitored, and C is the normalization factor.

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