Noise spatial discretization method and device based on spatiotemporal features

Abstract

The application discloses a noise space discretization method and device based on space-time characteristics. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining sampling data and environmental data of noise; determining a noise source and an active time of the noise based on frequencies obtained at each sampling time point; determining a propagation attenuation amount based on the noise source; determining a time distribution based on the active time; determining a noise source space-time distribution characteristic based on the propagation attenuation amount and the time distribution; determining a noise receiver space distribution characteristic based on types and sound absorption parameters of a plurality of noise receivers; and determining space discretization information of the noise based on the noise source space-time distribution characteristic and the noise receiver space distribution characteristic. The method establishes the noise space discretization information considering the space-time distribution characteristic based on the noise source space-time distribution characteristic and the noise receiver space distribution characteristic, thereby effectively referencing change factors of the noise in different time scales and geographical spaces, so as to improve the accuracy and practicability of the noise space-time distribution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of urban environmental governance, and in particular to a method and apparatus for spatial discretization of noise based on spatiotemporal characteristics. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urbanization, urban noise has become an increasingly serious source of pollution for urban residents, posing a significant threat to their well-being. Prolonged exposure to noise can severely impact residents' physical and mental health. Therefore, addressing noise pollution has become a growing concern in order to better construct urban environments and provide residents with a comfortable living and working environment. Detailed characterization of the spatiotemporal features of noise and the construction of a comprehensive noise environment are crucial means of controlling urban noise pollution.

[0003] Currently, the spatiotemporal distribution of noise is mainly calculated based on monitoring networks, by discretizing the spatiotemporal distribution of observations. The mainstream method currently involves simulation using noise models, with the simulation results assimilated or corrected using observed data. Road traffic noise simulation is a crucial component of acoustic models. Road traffic noise simulation is primarily based on traffic flow and road distribution data, grounded in acoustic principles, propagation principles, and empirical formulas to calculate the spatial distribution of urban noise, primarily traffic noise. However, current noise models suffer from low computational efficiency due to the large amount of data required, making it difficult to rapidly update the spatiotemporal distribution data of noise. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method and apparatus for spatial discretization of noise based on spatiotemporal characteristics, with the aim of establishing spatial discretization information of noise that takes into account spatiotemporal distribution characteristics, so as to improve the accuracy and practicality of spatiotemporal distribution of noise.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A noise spatial discretization method based on spatiotemporal characteristics, comprising:

[0007] The noise sampling data and environmental data are obtained; the sampling data includes the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point; the environmental data includes multiple noise receivers that affect the propagation of the noise.

[0008] Based on the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point, the noise source and active time of the noise are determined.

[0009] Based on the noise source, determine the corresponding propagation attenuation;

[0010] Based on the active time, determine the corresponding time distribution;

[0011] Based on the propagation attenuation and the time distribution, the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source are determined;

[0012] Based on the types and sound absorption parameters of the multiple noise receivers, the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receivers are determined;

[0013] Based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source and the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver, the spatial discretization information of the noise is determined.

[0014] Optionally, based on the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point, the noise source and active time of the noise are determined, including:

[0015] Based on the frequencies obtained at each of the sampling time points, the corresponding average frequency is determined;

[0016] The sampling time points with frequencies greater than the average frequency are determined as the active times of the noise.

[0017] Based on the average frequency, the corresponding sound source characteristics are determined;

[0018] If the sound source characteristics are point sound sources, the noise source is determined to be industrial production noise and / or construction noise.

[0019] If the sound source characteristic is a line sound source, the noise source is determined to be transportation noise;

[0020] If the sound source characteristics are surface sound sources, then the noise source is determined to be social noise.

[0021] Optionally, based on the noise source, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined, including:

[0022] If the noise source is industrial production noise and / or construction noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the designated receiving point;

[0023] If the noise source is transportation noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the designated receiving point, combined with the length of the noise source;

[0024] If the noise source is social noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the designated receiving point, combined with the shape parameters of the noise source.

[0025] Optionally, based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source and the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver, the spatial discretization information of the noise is determined, including:

[0026] If there are multiple noise sources, the sound pressure levels of the multiple noise sources are superimposed to calculate the sound pressure characteristics of the noise.

[0027] The spatial field of the noise is interpolated to obtain the spatial characteristics of the noise;

[0028] Based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source, the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver, the sound pressure characteristics, and the spatial characteristics, the spatial discretization information of the noise is determined.

[0029] A noise spatial discretization device based on spatiotemporal characteristics, comprising:

[0030] A data acquisition unit is used to acquire noise sampling data and environmental data; the sampling data includes frequencies obtained at each sampling time point; the environmental data includes multiple noise receivers that affect the propagation of the noise.

[0031] The frequency analysis unit is used to determine the noise source and active time of the noise based on the frequency obtained at each sampling time point;

[0032] An attenuation determination unit is used to determine the corresponding propagation attenuation amount based on the noise source;

[0033] A time analysis unit is used to determine the corresponding time distribution based on the active time.

[0034] The noise source analysis unit is used to determine the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source based on the propagation attenuation and the time distribution.

[0035] The receiver analysis unit is used to determine the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receivers based on the types and sound absorption parameters of the multiple noise receivers.

[0036] The discretization unit is used to determine the spatial discretization information of the noise based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source and the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver.

[0037] Optionally, the frequency analysis unit is specifically used for:

[0038] Based on the frequencies obtained at each of the sampling time points, the corresponding average frequency is determined;

[0039] The sampling time points with frequencies greater than the average frequency are determined as the active times of the noise.

[0040] Based on the average frequency, the corresponding sound source characteristics are determined;

[0041] If the sound source characteristics are point sound sources, the noise source is determined to be industrial production noise and / or construction noise.

[0042] If the sound source characteristic is a line sound source, the noise source is determined to be transportation noise;

[0043] If the sound source characteristics are surface sound sources, then the noise source is determined to be social noise.

[0044] Optionally, the attenuation determination unit is specifically used for:

[0045] If the noise source is industrial production noise and / or construction noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the designated receiving point;

[0046] If the noise source is transportation noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the designated receiving point, combined with the length of the noise source;

[0047] If the noise source is social noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the designated receiving point, combined with the shape parameters of the noise source.

[0048] Optionally, the discretization unit is specifically used for:

[0049] If there are multiple noise sources, the sound pressure levels of the multiple noise sources are superimposed to calculate the sound pressure characteristics of the noise.

[0050] The spatial field of the noise is interpolated to obtain the spatial characteristics of the noise;

[0051] Based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source, the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver, the sound pressure characteristics, and the spatial characteristics, the spatial discretization information of the noise is determined.

[0052] A storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein the program is executed by a processor to perform the aforementioned spatiotemporal feature-based noise spatial discretization method.

[0053] An electronic device includes: a processor, a memory, and a bus; the processor and the memory are connected via the bus.

[0054] The memory is used to store the program, and the processor is used to run the program, wherein the program is executed by the processor to perform the noise spatial discretization method based on spatiotemporal features.

[0055] The technical solution provided in this application obtains noise sampling data and environmental data. Based on the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point, the noise source and active time are determined. Based on the noise source, the propagation attenuation is determined. Based on the active time, the temporal distribution is determined. Based on the propagation attenuation and temporal distribution, the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source are determined. Based on the types of multiple noise receivers and their absorption parameters, the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receivers are determined. Based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source and the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receivers, the spatial discretization information of the noise is determined. This application establishes spatial discretization information of noise that takes into account the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source and the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receivers, thereby effectively referencing the factors of noise variation at different time scales and in different geographic spaces, thus improving the accuracy and practicality of the spatiotemporal distribution of noise. Attached Figure Description

[0056] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0057] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a noise spatial discretization method based on spatiotemporal features provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating another method for spatial discretization of noise based on spatiotemporal features provided in this application embodiment;

[0059] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating another method for spatial discretization of noise based on spatiotemporal features provided in this application embodiment;

[0060] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a noise spatial discretization device based on spatiotemporal characteristics provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of the time distribution of various noise sources in an embodiment.

[0062] Figure 6 This application provides a schematic diagram illustrating a concept of noise spatial distribution discretization.

[0063] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of noise data distribution provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 8 This is another schematic diagram of noise data distribution provided for an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0066] In this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0067] The applicant found that existing noise models do not consider the distribution characteristics of noise at different times. For example, the distribution of different noise sources differs significantly between day and night. Furthermore, existing spatial discretization methods do not consider the propagation characteristics of noise in different geographical environments. For instance, grasslands and green spaces have a certain absorption effect on noise, while residential buildings and office buildings have a certain noise-blocking effect. Therefore, the calculation of noise spatiotemporal discretization needs to consider the factors of noise variation at different time scales and in different geographical spaces to achieve more accurate and high-precision noise discretization analysis.

[0068] Based on the applicant's findings, this application discloses a noise spatial discretization method based on spatiotemporal characteristics. This method further considers the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of noise and the characteristic distribution in the propagation path. Based on this, a noise spatial discretization method that takes into account spatiotemporal distribution characteristics is established, thereby improving the accuracy and practicality of noise spatiotemporal distribution.

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a flowchart of a noise spatial discretization method based on spatiotemporal features provided in the unclaimed embodiment is included, comprising the following steps.

[0070] S101: Obtain noise sampling data and environmental data.

[0071] The sampling data includes frequencies obtained at each sampling time point, and the environmental data includes multiple noise receivers that affect noise propagation.

[0072] In some examples, after sampling noise data and environmental data, the sampling data and environmental data can be preprocessed to construct data that meets the requirements of the noise data system, which includes noise source data, environmental data and receiver data.

[0073] In possible implementations, noise source data can be categorized into transportation noise, industrial production noise, construction noise, and social noise. Environmental data can be categorized into road data, building data, and land cover type data. Receiver data can be categorized into built-up areas, grasslands, forests, water systems, and other areas.

[0074] In some examples, each sampling point can be set to 24 hours a day, every day of a week, every day of a month, etc.

[0075] In possible implementations, noise sampling data and environmental data can be obtained through manual input by the user, real-time monitoring using noise monitoring equipment, or calculation using relevant noise simulation software.

[0076] S102: Based on the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point, determine the noise source and active time of the noise.

[0077] The term "noise source" refers to the origin of noise. Based on the classification of noise source data, noise sources can be categorized into types such as transportation noise, industrial production noise, construction noise, and social noise. "Active time" refers to the period of time during which noise occurs most frequently. From a temporal perspective, the diurnal activity of different noise sources varies. Industrial production noise and construction noise are more active during the day, while social noise is more active at night. Transportation noise exhibits significant temporal variation, with the most active time being weekday rush hour, followed by other daytime hours, and lower activity at night.

[0078] In some examples, transportation noise mainly comes from the sound generated by transportation vehicles such as motor vehicles, railway locomotives, motor ships, and aircraft during operation. For example, the frequency range of highway traffic noise is mainly distributed between 250 and 2000 Hz. The noise frequency distribution also varies for different vehicle types. Small vehicle noise is mainly mid-to-high frequency sound, while medium and large vehicle noise is mainly mid-to-low frequency sound.

[0079] In some examples, the frequency distribution of industrial production noise varies depending on the type of equipment, its working principle, and its operating status. For example, the noise generated by machinery such as looms, ball mills, and stone crushers may have a wide frequency range, including low-frequency, mid-frequency, and high-frequency components.

[0080] In some examples, construction noise typically contains a significant amount of low-frequency components, such as sounds from excavation, drilling, and mixing operations. Furthermore, construction noise is often transient, meaning its generation and dissipation are sudden.

[0081] In some examples, social noise is low to mid-frequency noise, with frequencies below 1000 Hz.

[0082] Optionally, the process of determining the noise source and active time based on the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2 The steps shown are accompanied by corresponding explanations.

[0083] S103: Determine the corresponding propagation attenuation based on the noise source.

[0084] Once the noise source is identified, the noise propagation attenuation can be determined based on the propagation characteristics of the noise source.

[0085] The so-called attenuation refers to the phenomenon that when noise propagates in the transmission medium, some of its energy is converted into heat or absorbed by the transmission medium, resulting in a continuous decrease in noise intensity.

[0086] Optionally, the process of determining the corresponding propagation attenuation based on the noise source can be as follows: if the noise source is industrial production noise and / or construction noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the specified receiving point; if the noise source is transportation noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the specified receiving point, combined with the length of the noise source; if the noise source is social noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the specified receiving point, combined with the shape parameters of the noise source.

[0087] In some examples, if the noise source is industrial production noise and / or construction noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the specified receiving point. The calculation process can be found in formula (1).

[0088] (1)

[0089] In formula (1), This represents the propagation attenuation (in dB). This represents the distance (in meters) between the noise source and the specified receiving point.

[0090] In some examples, if the noise source is transportation noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the specified receiving point, combined with the length of the noise source. The calculation process can be found in formula (2).

[0091] (2)

[0092] In formula (2), Represents the propagation attenuation. This represents the distance between the noise source and the specified receiving point. The length (in meters) represents the noise source (specifically, a line sound source).

[0093] In some examples, since the sound source characteristics corresponding to social noise are area sound sources, the propagation attenuation value of an area sound source as the noise propagation distance increases is related to the shape of the area sound source. Assuming the shape of the area sound source is rectangular, the shape parameters of the noise source include the length of the shorter side of the rectangle. and the length of the long side As the noise propagation distance increases, the propagation attenuation value becomes related to the distance between the noise source and the specified receiving point. The relationship can be: when ,exist place, ;when ,exist Location, distance For every doubling, ;when ,exist Location, distance For every doubling, ;when ,exist Location, distance For every doubling, .

[0094] S104: Determine the corresponding time distribution based on the active time.

[0095] The time distribution can be expressed using functions or data charts.

[0096] For some examples, the time distribution of various noise sources can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 5 As shown.

[0097] S105: Determine the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source based on propagation attenuation and time distribution.

[0098] Among them, the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source can be determined based on the noise source, propagation attenuation, and time distribution, so as to facilitate the construction of a system that conforms to the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source.

[0099] S106: Determine the spatial distribution characteristics of noise receivers based on the types of multiple noise receivers and their sound absorption parameters.

[0100] In the process of noise propagation, different noise receivers have different propagation and absorption principles. In the noise data system, the types of noise receivers are divided into buildings, grasslands, forests, water systems and other areas.

[0101] In some examples, the sound absorption parameters for a building include the sound absorption performance coefficient and layout parameters. Generally speaking, a building's noise absorption is affected by various factors, including the building's materials, layout structure, and the frequency and intensity of the noise. Different materials have different sound absorption effects; porous materials have better sound absorption performance, and different sound absorption performance coefficients are used for calculation, with values ​​ranging from 0 to 1. Furthermore, the building's layout structure is calculated using layout parameters, fully considering the building's reflection and resonance. The frequency and intensity of noise also affect the building's absorption effect; high-frequency noise is more easily absorbed. In the calculation process, noise frequencies are divided into different levels and calculated separately.

[0102] In some examples, the sound absorption parameters corresponding to the water system include empirical formulas for the propagation of sound waves in water. Generally speaking, the absorption of noise by the water system mainly refers to the phenomenon that the energy of the sound wave gradually weakens during the propagation process in the water. It can be estimated using empirical formulas, such as the Thorp empirical formula. Specifically, the Thorp empirical formula can be found in formula (3).

[0103] (3)

[0104] In formula (3), Represents the underwater acoustic absorption coefficient (unit: dB / km). Represents the frequency of sound waves (unit: kHz).

[0105] In some examples, the absorption of noise by forests is influenced by multiple factors. Therefore, the sound absorption parameters corresponding to forests include forest density, tree species, forest belt width, noise frequency, and intensity. The noise reduction effect increases with increasing forest belt width. In this study, empirical formulas were used for calculation. When the forest belt width is 10 meters, the noise reduction absorption coefficient is approximately 0.3, and when the forest belt width is 50 meters, the noise reduction absorption coefficient is approximately 0.7. Similarly, high-frequency noise is generally more easily absorbed than low-frequency noise; therefore, noise frequencies can be divided into different levels for separate calculations.

[0106] In some examples, the absorption of noise by grassland is influenced by a variety of factors. Therefore, the sound absorption parameters for grassland include grassland type, density, height, soil conditions, and the frequency and intensity of the noise. Grasslands with higher density and greater height absorb and scatter noise more effectively. Loose soil helps reduce noise reflection and propagation, and high-frequency noise is generally absorbed and scattered more easily by grassland than low-frequency noise.

[0107] In some examples, the sound absorption parameters in other areas can be customized by technicians according to the actual situation.

[0108] S107: Determine the spatial discretization information of noise based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of noise sources and the spatial distribution characteristics of noise receivers.

[0109] After obtaining the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source and the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver, corresponding discretization methods can be constructed for each of the two spatiotemporal characteristics to calculate the spatial discretization information of the noise. Furthermore, based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source and the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver, spatial discretization of the noise can also be performed through noise superposition calculation and geospatial interpolation methods.

[0110] It should be noted that corresponding discretization methods are constructed for the two spatiotemporal characteristics. These discretization methods are geographical discretizations, which can be understood as transforming point sound sources, line sound sources, or area sound sources into grid-like raster data, that is, transforming isolated noise sources into spatial distributions of noise within a region.

[0111] Optionally, the process of spatial discretization of noise through noise superposition calculation and geospatial interpolation methods can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 3 The steps shown are accompanied by corresponding explanations.

[0112] In some examples, after obtaining the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source and the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver, the spatial discretization information of the noise can be obtained by discretizing these characteristics. This discretization process can be simply summarized as follows: Figure 6 As shown. Specifically, the discretization implementation steps can be summarized as follows: First, calculate the propagation and absorption of each isolated noise source to obtain the spatial distribution of each noise source. Then, superimpose the data of each noise source to calculate the noise distribution of the entire area. Finally, if there are still areas with unsmooth or missing data, perform interpolation calculations.

[0113] In possible implementations, the overlap between the noise sources is significant before the superposition calculation, resulting in discontinuous data, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the data from each noise source after superposition calculation are consistent and aligned with the road distribution, such as... Figure 8 As shown.

[0114] It is important to note that, in combination Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The method described in this application, based on the traditional noise propagation mechanism, can identify the spatial point, line, and surface features and different active time features of noise sources, and calculate the propagation characteristics of different noise sources respectively, so as to achieve a refined construction of the noise source data system. Furthermore, based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of noise sources and the spatial distribution characteristics of noise receivers, the propagation and attenuation laws of different noise sources and the absorption and attenuation mechanisms of different receivers can be calculated respectively, so as to achieve a refined spatial discretization method for noise.

[0115] The processes shown in S103-S107 above establish spatial discretization information of noise based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of noise sources and the spatial distribution characteristics of noise receivers. This effectively takes into account the factors that change noise at different time scales and in different geographic spaces, thereby improving the accuracy and practicality of the spatiotemporal distribution of noise.

[0116] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, another noise spatial discretization method based on spatiotemporal features provided in the unapplication embodiment is illustrated in the following flowchart, which includes the steps shown below.

[0117] S201: Determine the corresponding average frequency based on the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point.

[0118] This involves calculating the average frequency obtained at each sampling time point to obtain the corresponding average frequency.

[0119] S202: Based on the sampling time points where the obtained frequency is greater than the average frequency, the active time of the noise is determined.

[0120] After obtaining the average frequency, the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point are compared with the average frequency. Based on the comparison results, the sampling time points with frequencies greater than the average frequency are determined, and the determined sampling time points are marked as the active time of the noise.

[0121] S203: Determine the corresponding sound source characteristics based on the average frequency.

[0122] Different average frequencies correspond to different sound source characteristics. Therefore, the corresponding sound source characteristics can be determined based on the average frequency. Generally speaking, sound source characteristics include point sound sources, line sound sources, and area sound sources.

[0123] A point source can be understood as a sound source whose size is relatively small compared to the wave field or propagation distance of the sound wave, and whose directionality is not strong. Specifically, point noise emitted by a point source propagates divergently from a fixed point or location into the surrounding space. This propagation method causes the noise energy to gradually diffuse in space and gradually attenuate during propagation. During the noise propagation process, due to the geometric divergence effect of sound waves in the air, the energy of the point noise gradually decreases as the propagation distance increases.

[0124] A line sound source can be understood as noise from trains, the noise of numerous vehicles traveling on highways, or the noise radiated from pipelines. In far-field analysis, a line sound source is considered as a linear source composed of multiple point sources, radiating noise outward in an approximately cylindrical wave form. Specifically, line sound sources can emit spatial dynamic noise, which refers to noise whose location or intensity changes over time. Its propagation path and intensity vary in both time and space compared to fixed point noise and area noise.

[0125] A surface sound source can be understood as a planar sound source capable of radiating sound energy. The radiated sound energy is uniformly distributed across the plane, and is commonly found at points outside the plane where the radiated sound energy is more abundant and distributed. When it is necessary to perform sound field analysis on this planar sound source, it can be considered a surface sound source. Specifically, surface noise emitted by a surface sound source is usually generated on a plane or within a region with certain planar distribution characteristics. This distribution makes the noise energy more uniform across the plane, and its diffusion range is wider than that of a point sound source.

[0126] In some examples, if the average frequency meets the first threshold, the sound source is determined to be a point sound source; if the average frequency meets the second threshold, the sound source is determined to be a line sound source; and if the average frequency meets the third threshold, the sound source is determined to be a surface sound source. The first threshold is less than the second threshold, and the second threshold is less than the third threshold.

[0127] In a possible implementation, the corresponding sound source features can be obtained by querying a preset relationship table, which includes the range of sample frequency values ​​corresponding to different sound source features.

[0128] S204: If the sound source characteristics are point source, the noise source is determined to be industrial production noise and / or construction noise.

[0129] Industrial production noise and construction noise can essentially be understood as noise emitted by point sources.

[0130] S205: If the sound source characteristics are a line sound source, the noise source is determined to be transportation noise.

[0131] Since transportation takes place on highways, which are designed linearly, transportation noise can essentially be understood as noise emitted by linear sound sources.

[0132] S206: If the sound source characteristics are area sound source, the noise source is determined to be social noise.

[0133] Social life can be viewed as human activities within a community. Since the scope of human activities can be considered as a plane, social noise can essentially be understood as noise emitted by a surface sound source.

[0134] The process described in S201-S206 above can be used to determine the noise source by using the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point.

[0135] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, another noise spatial discretization method based on spatiotemporal features provided in the unapplication embodiment is illustrated in the following flowchart, which includes the steps shown below.

[0136] S301: If there are multiple noise sources, the sound pressure of the multiple noise sources is superimposed to obtain the sound pressure characteristics of the noise.

[0137] Among them, the superposition of noise is the superposition of noise generated by two or more independent sound sources acting on a certain point. Specifically, the calculation process of the superposition of sound pressure from two independent sound sources can be found in formula (4).

[0138] (4)

[0139] In formula (4), and These are the sound pressure levels of two independent sound sources. The sound pressure level represents the superimposed noise.

[0140] S302: Perform interpolation calculations on the spatial field of noise to obtain the spatial characteristics of the noise.

[0141] Among them, the spatial field is also known as the geocentric field. The core idea of ​​geocentric field research is to emphasize that all geographical facts are subject to regular changes under the influence of the geocentric field. On an isotropic geocentric spatial plane, any source (such as a material source, energy source, concentration source, etc.) located at a specific position in the spatial field will have its beneficial or harmful effects change regularly with the distance from the source and affect the surrounding area.

[0142] It should be noted that interpolation of the spatial field of noise can improve the accuracy of the spatial characteristics of the noise. Furthermore, the interpolation algorithms used include, but are not limited to, Lagrange interpolation, Newton interpolation, and piecewise linear interpolation.

[0143] S303: Based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source, the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver, the sound pressure characteristics, and the spatial characteristics, determine the spatial discretization information of the noise.

[0144] Among them, based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source, the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver, the sound pressure characteristics, and the spatial characteristics, the spatial discretization information of the noise can be determined, which can achieve fine spatial discretization of the noise.

[0145] The processes shown in S301-S303 above utilize noise superposition calculation and geospatial interpolation calculation to further improve the precision of noise spatial characteristics.

[0146] like Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic of the architecture of a noise spatial discretization device based on spatiotemporal characteristics provided in an embodiment of this application, including the following units.

[0147] The data acquisition unit 100 is used to acquire noise sampling data and environmental data; the sampling data includes the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point; the environmental data includes multiple noise receivers that affect noise propagation.

[0148] The frequency analysis unit 200 is used to determine the noise source and active time of the noise based on the frequency obtained at each sampling time point.

[0149] Optionally, the frequency analysis unit 200 is specifically used for: determining the corresponding average frequency based on the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point; determining the active time of noise based on the sampling time points where the obtained frequencies are greater than the average frequency; determining the corresponding sound source characteristics based on the average frequency; if the sound source characteristics are point sound sources, determining the noise source as industrial production noise and / or construction noise; if the sound source characteristics are line sound sources, determining the noise source as transportation noise; if the sound source characteristics are area sound sources, determining the noise source as social life noise.

[0150] The attenuation determination unit 300 is used to determine the corresponding propagation attenuation based on the noise source.

[0151] Optionally, the attenuation determination unit 300 is specifically used to: if the noise source is industrial production noise and / or construction noise, determine the corresponding propagation attenuation based on the distance between the noise source and the specified receiving point; if the noise source is transportation noise, determine the corresponding propagation attenuation based on the distance between the noise source and the specified receiving point, combined with the length of the noise source; if the noise source is social noise, determine the corresponding propagation attenuation based on the distance between the noise source and the specified receiving point, combined with the shape parameters of the noise source.

[0152] The time analysis unit 400 is used to determine the corresponding time distribution based on the active time.

[0153] The noise source analysis unit 500 is used to determine the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of noise sources based on propagation attenuation and time distribution.

[0154] The receiver analysis unit 600 is used to determine the spatial distribution characteristics of noise receivers based on the types and sound absorption parameters of multiple noise receivers.

[0155] Discretization unit 700 is used to determine the spatial discretization information of noise based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source and the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver.

[0156] Optionally, the discretization unit 700 is specifically used for: if there are multiple noise sources, superimposing the sound pressure of multiple noise sources to obtain the sound pressure characteristics of the noise; interpolating the spatial field of the noise to obtain the spatial characteristics of the noise; and determining the spatial discretization information of the noise based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise sources, the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver, the sound pressure characteristics, and the spatial characteristics.

[0157] The units shown above establish spatial discretization information of noise based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of noise sources and the spatial distribution characteristics of noise receivers. This effectively takes into account the factors that change noise at different time scales and in different geographic spaces, thereby improving the accuracy and practicality of the spatiotemporal distribution of noise.

[0158] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium including a stored program, wherein the program executes the noise spatial discretization method based on spatiotemporal features provided in this application.

[0159] This application also provides an electronic device, including a processor, a memory, and a bus. The processor and the memory are connected via the bus. The memory is used to store a program, and the processor is used to run the program. During program execution, the noise spatial discretization method based on spatiotemporal features provided in this application is implemented.

[0160] Furthermore, the functions described above in the embodiments of this application can be performed at least in part by one or more hardware logic components. For example, without limitation, exemplary types of hardware logic components that can be used include: Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Application Standard Products (ASSPs), System-on-Chip (SOCs), Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), and so on.

[0161] While several specific implementation details are included in the foregoing discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple embodiments.

[0162] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of disclosure in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A noise spatial discretization method based on spatiotemporal characteristics, characterized in that, include: The noise sampling data and environmental data are obtained; the sampling data includes the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point; the environmental data includes multiple noise receivers that affect the propagation of the noise. Based on the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point, the noise source and active time of the noise are determined. After determining the corresponding average frequency based on the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point, the sampling time points with frequencies greater than the average frequency are determined as the active time of the noise. The active time refers to the time period in which the noise is generated more frequently. Based on the noise source, determine the corresponding propagation attenuation; Based on the active time, determine the corresponding time distribution; Based on the noise source, the propagation attenuation, and the time distribution, the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source are determined; Based on the types and sound absorption parameters of the multiple noise receivers, the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receivers are determined; Based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise sources and the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receivers, the spatial discretization information of the noise is determined, including: if there are multiple noise sources, the sound pressure of the multiple noise sources is superimposed to obtain the sound pressure characteristics of the noise; the spatial field of the noise is interpolated to obtain the spatial characteristics of the noise; and the spatial discretization information of the noise is determined based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise sources, the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receivers, the sound pressure characteristics, and the spatial characteristics.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the frequencies obtained at each sampling time point, the noise source and active time of the noise are determined, including: Based on the frequencies obtained at each of the sampling time points, the corresponding average frequency is determined; The sampling time points with frequencies greater than the average frequency are determined as the active times of the noise. Based on the average frequency, the corresponding sound source characteristics are determined; If the sound source characteristics are point sound sources, the noise source is determined to be industrial production noise and / or construction noise. If the sound source characteristic is a line sound source, the noise source is determined to be transportation noise; If the sound source characteristics are surface sound sources, then the noise source is determined to be social noise.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the noise source, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined, including: If the noise source is industrial production noise and / or construction noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the designated receiving point; If the noise source is transportation noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the designated receiving point, combined with the length of the noise source; If the noise source is social noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the designated receiving point, combined with the shape parameters of the noise source.

4. A noise spatial discretization device based on spatiotemporal characteristics, characterized in that, include: A data acquisition unit is used to acquire noise sampling data and environmental data; the sampling data includes frequencies obtained at each sampling time point; the environmental data includes multiple noise receivers that affect the propagation of the noise. The frequency analysis unit is used to determine the noise source and active time of the noise based on the frequency obtained at each sampling time point. After determining the corresponding average frequency based on the frequency obtained at each sampling time point, the sampling time point with the obtained frequency greater than the average frequency is determined as the active time of the noise. The active time refers to the time period in which the noise is generated at a high frequency. An attenuation determination unit is used to determine the corresponding propagation attenuation amount based on the noise source; A time analysis unit is used to determine the corresponding time distribution based on the active time. The noise source analysis unit is used to determine the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source based on the noise source, the propagation attenuation, and the time distribution. The receiver analysis unit is used to determine the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receivers based on the types and sound absorption parameters of the multiple noise receivers. A discretization unit is used to determine the spatial discretization information of the noise based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source and the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver. This includes: if there are multiple noise sources, superimposing the sound pressure levels of the multiple noise sources to obtain the sound pressure characteristics of the noise; interpolating the spatial field of the noise to obtain the spatial characteristics of the noise; and determining the spatial discretization information of the noise based on the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the noise source, the spatial distribution characteristics of the noise receiver, the sound pressure characteristics, and the spatial characteristics.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The frequency analysis unit is specifically used for: Based on the frequencies obtained at each of the sampling time points, the corresponding average frequency is determined; The sampling time points with frequencies greater than the average frequency are determined as the active times of the noise. Based on the average frequency, the corresponding sound source characteristics are determined; If the sound source characteristics are point sound sources, the noise source is determined to be industrial production noise and / or construction noise. If the sound source characteristic is a line sound source, the noise source is determined to be transportation noise; If the sound source characteristics are surface sound sources, then the noise source is determined to be social noise.

6. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The attenuation determination unit is specifically used for: If the noise source is industrial production noise and / or construction noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the designated receiving point; If the noise source is transportation noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the designated receiving point, combined with the length of the noise source; If the noise source is social noise, the corresponding propagation attenuation is determined based on the distance between the noise source and the designated receiving point, combined with the shape parameters of the noise source.

7. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium includes a stored program, wherein the program is executed by a processor to perform the noise spatial discretization method based on spatiotemporal features according to any one of claims 1-3.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Processor, memory, and bus; The processor and the memory are connected via the bus; The memory is used to store the program, and the processor is used to run the program, wherein the program is executed by the processor to perform the noise spatial discretization method based on any one of the spatiotemporal features as described in claims 1-3.

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