An anti-interference system for slip ring communication technology

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anti-interference system for slip ring communication technology, belonging to the field of communication technology. A collaborative solution is proposed for the problems of electromagnetic interference, mechanical vibration and unstable contact in single crystal furnace equipment. The system includes a conductive slip ring assembly, a dynamic shielding module, an asymmetric differential transmission module, an intelligent filtering module, an environmental perception module and a contact impedance compensation module, and realizes real-time collaborative control through a bus controller. The dynamic shielding module adopts a liquid metal microchannel layer and a piezoelectric drive layer, dynamically reconstructs the shielding density according to the electromagnetic interference frequency band and vibration intensity, and suppresses broadband noise; the asymmetric differential transmission eliminates common-mode interference through dynamic phase compensation; the intelligent filtering module adaptively adjusts the parameters of the band-stop filter based on a deep learning model to accurately suppress time-varying interference; the carbon nanotube composite brush stabilizes the contact impedance through a pressure feedback mechanism. This system is significantly superior to traditional static shielding and fixed filtering solutions, and ensures reliable communication requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and particularly to an anti-interference system for slip ring communication technologies. Background Art

[0002] Slip ring communication is a core technology for transmitting electrical signals and data between moving and stationary components through a rotating interface, and is widely used in equipment that requires continuous rotation, such as single crystal furnaces, wind turbines, and industrial robots. In the top rotating mechanism of a single crystal furnace, the slip ring undertakes the task of real-time transmission of key data from temperature sensors, pressure monitoring devices, etc., to ensure precise control of the crystal growth process. However, the special working conditions at the top of the single crystal furnace cause the slip ring communication to face multiple complex interferences, which are specifically manifested in the following aspects:

[0003] High-frequency electromagnetic interference: When the high-voltage heating elements and high-power power supply systems inside the single crystal furnace operate, they generate strong broadband electromagnetic noise (covering the kHz to GHz frequency bands). Traditional metal shielding materials (such as copper foil and aluminum plating) are difficult to effectively suppress high-frequency interference, and the fixed shielding structure cannot dynamically adapt to changes in the interference frequency band, resulting in an increase in the signal transmission error rate.

[0004] Mechanical vibration and wear: The continuous vibration (acceleration > 10g) of the rotating mechanism of the single crystal furnace causes fretting wear on the contact surface between the slip ring and the brush. The wear resistance of traditional brush materials (such as copper graphite) is insufficient, and the contact resistance increases significantly after long-term operation, exacerbating signal distortion.

[0005] Common-mode noise coupling: When multiple signals are transmitted in parallel, a strong electromagnetic field induces common-mode noise on the slip ring wires. Existing technologies rely on symmetric differential signal transmission, but lack a dynamic phase compensation mechanism and cannot eliminate the common-mode voltage offset caused by time-varying interference.

[0006] The existing technologies lack a dynamic suppression mechanism for common-mode noise, cannot eliminate time-varying interference in multi-signal transmission, and the signal processing means are single. The collaborative optimization of electromagnetic shielding, contact impedance stability, and noise filtering has not been achieved, making it difficult to cope with the combined challenges of broadband interference and strong vibration, and severely limiting the communication reliability in high-precision industrial scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-interference system for slip ring communication technologies, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] An anti-interference system for slip ring communication technologies, comprising:

[0010] A conductive slip ring assembly, comprising at least a pair of physical contact interfaces of a rotating ring and a fixed brush, supporting high-speed data transmission;

[0011] An asymmetric differential transmission module, connected to the conductive slip ring assembly, for generating an asymmetric differential signal with dynamic phase difference compensation, and eliminating common-mode interference through dynamic phase difference compensation;

[0012] A dynamic shielding module, covering the conductive slip ring assembly, comprising a reconfigurable liquid metal shielding layer and an electro-magnetically active polymer layer, and realizing dynamic suppression of electromagnetic interference through the liquid metal shielding layer;

[0013] An intelligent filtering module, electrically connected to the asymmetric differential transmission module, comprising an adaptive filter bank based on a deep learning model, and adaptively adjusting filtering parameters;

[0014] An environment perception module, integrating a multi-parameter sensor array, and real-time monitoring electromagnetic interference, mechanical vibration and environmental temperature and humidity parameters;

[0015] A contact impedance compensation module, comprising a carbon nanotube composite brush with adjustable pressure and a piezoelectric actuator, and stabilizing the contact resistance through the carbon nanotube brush;

[0016] The above-mentioned modules and components achieve collaborative control through a bus controller, ensuring that the dynamic shielding response time ≤ 5ms, the contact impedance volatility ≤ 3%, and the bit error rate ≤ 1×10 -9 .

[0017] Preferably, the liquid metal shielding layer of the dynamic shielding module comprises:

[0018] ① Substrate layer: composed of a ceramic composite material with a dielectric constant ε≥8, providing mechanical support and insulation performance;

[0019] ② Micro-channel layer: comprising serpentine fluid channels with a width of 50μm to 200μm, filled with gallium-indium-tin liquid alloy; adjusting the shielding density through deformation;

[0020] ③ Driving layer: composed of a piezoelectric ceramic array, capable of generating a deformation displacement of 0μm to 100μm;

[0021] The liquid metal distribution density of the liquid metal shielding layer is dynamically adjusted by the following formula: Where: is the metal density adjustment coefficient; is the main frequency of electromagnetic interference, and its measurement range is 1MHz to 10GHz; is the vibration acceleration, with a range of 0m / s 2 to 50m / s 2 ; and are material characteristic constants, and their value ranges are respectively and 。

[0022] Preferably, the working voltage of the driving layer is 0V to 200V, the response frequency covers 10Hz to 1kHz, and the deformation accuracy of the piezoelectric ceramic is achieved within ±0.5μm through the PID controller to ensure the stability of the shielding layer density adjustment.

[0023] Preferably, the asymmetric differential transmission module includes:

[0024] ① Signal decomposition unit: Decompose the original signal into: , where is the signal reference component, 、 are the dynamic asymmetry coefficients, and ,dynamically adjust the asymmetry coefficients to optimize the anti-interference effect; is the phase compensation amount;

[0025] ② Dynamic phase compensator: Calculate the compensation amount according to the following formula: where: is the channel transfer function; is the noise power spectral density; to is the working frequency band range; represents the frequency differential variable; the integration covers the working frequency band to ,combined with the channel response and the noise power spectral density to accurately compensate the phase difference.

[0026] ③ Impedance matching network: Real-time adjust the characteristic impedance within the range of 45Ω to 55Ω; suppress signal reflection; where represents the inductance, represents the capacitance.

[0027] Preferably, the intelligent filtering module includes:

[0028] ① Feature extraction layer: Process the electromagnetic interference time-frequency spectrum diagram using a three-dimensional convolution kernel to extract multi-dimensional features of frequency-time-depth;

[0029] ② Decision layer: Generate a filter parameter set based on the long short-term memory (LSTM) network, where represents the cut-off frequency, that is, the center working frequency of the band-stop filter, to lock the main interference frequency; represents the quality factor, which controls the suppression bandwidth; Represents the attenuation slope, that is, the attenuation rate of the filter outside the cut-off frequency; adjusts the out-of-band rejection strength.

[0030] ③ Filter bank: Consists of 6 parallel variable band-width band-stop filters, with a cut-off frequency adjustment accuracy of ±10 kHz;

[0031] ④ Time-frequency transformation unit: Receives the differential signal from the asymmetric differential transmission module and converts this signal into a time-frequency spectrogram, with a frequency resolution of 256 bins, a time window length of 10 ms, providing an input for feature extraction.

[0032] Preferably, the size of the three-dimensional convolution kernel is 5×5×3 (frequency × time × depth), and the convolution step size is 2×2×1; the LSTM network contains 128 hidden nodes, and the output parameters satisfy:

[0033] Cut-off frequency adjustment range: 1 MHz ≤ ≤ 10 GHz;

[0034] Quality factor adjustment range: 1 ≤ ≤ 100;

[0035] Attenuation slope adjustment range: 12 dB / oct ≤ ≤ 48 dB / oct;

[0036] The transfer function of the band-stop filter is: , , where, represents the complex frequency variable, represents the cut-off angular frequency, represents the attenuation depth coefficient, and by adjusting realizes the dynamic association of the attenuation slope and the attenuation depth.

[0037] Preferably, the environmental perception module includes:

[0038] ① Electromagnetic sensor: The measurement range is from 10 mV / m to 100 kV / m, and the frequency range is from DC to 10 GHz; covering the detection of full-band interference in industrial scenarios.

[0039] ② Vibration sensor: Adopts a MEMS accelerometer, with a measurement range of ±50 g, g = 9.8 m / s², and a resolution of 0.01 g; accurately captures mechanical vibrations.

[0040] ③ Temperature and humidity composite sensor: The temperature measurement range is from -40 °C to +125 °C, and the humidity measurement range is from 0%RH to 100%RH; adapting to extreme environments.

[0041] Preferably, the carbon nanotube composite brush of the contact impedance compensation module satisfies: Wherein: is the contact impedance, is the contact pressure, is the reference impedance; is the material characteristic coefficient, equal to 0.32 ± 0.05; is the compensation offset.

[0042] Preferably, the system further includes a self-check and calibration module, which executes when starting up:

[0043] (a) Detect the channel transmission characteristics through a swept-frequency signal;

[0044] (b) Optimize the initial parameters according to the detection results: , , Wherein: , are the initial asymmetry coefficients; is the initial cut-off frequency, quickly locking the interference frequency point, is the interference peak frequency.

[0045] (c) Establish a reference impedance , providing a reference benchmark for dynamic adjustment.

[0046] Preferably, the bus controller adopts a time-triggered architecture, and the communication cycle is divided into: interference detection time slot: 0.1 ms, collecting environmental data; parameter calculation time slot: 0.3 ms, running LSTM and PID algorithms; execution control time slot: 0.6 ms, updating shielding, filtering and pressure parameters; data interaction between modules is carried out through the FlexRay bus, and the transmission rate is 10 Mbps.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] The present invention proposes a multi-dimensional collaborative anti-interference technical solution. Its core innovation lies in the integration of dynamic electromagnetic shielding, intelligent signal processing and adaptive impedance control: the reconfigurable shielding layer made of liquid metal material responds to the change of electromagnetic interference frequency band in real time, combines with the dynamically adjusted suppression parameters of the filter bank driven by deep learning to accurately eliminate noise; adopts the asymmetric differential transmission technology to synchronously compensate the signal phase difference and effectively suppress the common-mode interference; integrates the multi-parameter environmental perception network to monitor the changes of electromagnetic, vibration and temperature and humidity in real time, and coordinates with the pressure-sensitive impedance compensation mechanism of the carbon nanotube composite brush to ensure the stability of the contact interface. The system significantly improves the anti-interference ability and signal transmission reliability of the slip ring communication, is especially suitable for harsh industrial environments such as high speed and strong vibration, solves the deficiencies of the traditional scheme in terms of dynamic adaptability and comprehensive stability, and provides efficient and lasting communication guarantee for industrial automation equipment. Description of the Drawings

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composition structure and process of the system of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0050] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0051] This embodiment takes the slip ring communication system of the top rotating mechanism of a single crystal furnace as the application scenario, and the system deployment is as Figure 1 shown, and the specific module configuration is as follows:

[0052] Conductive slip ring assembly: Installed on the furnace top rotating shaft, including 12 pairs of gold-nickel alloy coated slip rings, supporting a maximum data transmission rate of 10 Gbps;

[0053] Dynamic shielding module: Adopts a three-layer structure to wrap the slip ring assembly. The matrix layer is a ceramic composite material, the microchannel layer is filled with gallium-indium-tin liquid alloy, and the driving layer is composed of a piezoelectric ceramic array;

[0054] Asymmetric differential transmission module: Integrated in the signal acquisition unit, supporting dynamic phase compensation;

[0055] Intelligent filtering module: Implements a deep learning model based on an FPGA chip, with 6 parallel band-stop filters built-in;

[0056] Environmental perception module: Electromagnetic sensor (covering DC-10 GHz), MEMS three-axis vibration sensor (range ±50 g), high-temperature type temperature and humidity sensor (range -40°C to +125°C);

[0057] Contact impedance compensation module: Carbon nanotube composite brush and piezoelectric actuator, stabilizing the contact resistance through pressure adjustment;

[0058] Bus controller: Adopts the FlexRay protocol, and the communication cycle is divided into 0.1 ms for interference detection, 0.3 ms for parameter calculation, and 0.6 ms for execution control.

[0059] The following will be elaborated in combination with a detailed embodiment. This embodiment is applied to the rotating mechanism of a single crystal furnace. This device needs to transmit key data such as temperature and pressure through a slip ring during the crystal growth process. There is broadband electromagnetic interference, vibration acceleration and temperature fluctuation on site, resulting in problems such as high signal error rate and unstable contact impedance in traditional slip ring communication. The actual working process and core control logic of this system are as follows:

[0060] Step 1: Environmental perception and interference detection;

[0061] Electromagnetic Interference Monitoring: The electromagnetic sensor detects the 2.4 GHz high-frequency noise generated by the high-voltage heating element of the single-crystal furnace, with an intensity of 50 V / m;

[0062] Vibration Data Acquisition: The MEMS sensor records the axial vibration acceleration of 12 g, and the main frequency is concentrated in the range of 50 - 200 Hz;

[0063] Temperature and Humidity Monitoring: The real-time temperature at the furnace top is 320 °C, and the humidity is 10%RH.

[0064] Example Explanation: When the crystal growth program is started in the furnace, the high-voltage current generated by the heating coil induces broadband electromagnetic noise, and at the same time, the rotating mechanism causes mechanical vibration due to high-speed operation (2000 rpm). The environmental perception module collects the above data in real-time and transmits it to the bus controller.

[0065] Step 2: Dynamic Shielding Layer Reconstruction;

[0066] Liquid Metal Density Regulation:

[0067] Based on the detected 2.4 GHz electromagnetic interference main frequency and 12 g vibration acceleration, the bus controller drives the piezoelectric ceramic array to generate a deformation displacement of 80 μm, adjusts the distribution density of the liquid metal in the microchannel layer, and forms an efficient shielding field for the 2.4 GHz frequency band.

[0068] Shielding Effect Verification:

[0069] After shielding, the electromagnetic intensity drops from 50 V / m to 0.5 V / m, and the shielding effectiveness reaches 40 dB, effectively suppressing the interference of high-frequency noise on the signal.

[0070] Principle Explanation: The liquid metal shielding layer changes the metal distribution density through piezoelectric drive deformation. The higher the density, the stronger the reflection and absorption ability of high-frequency electromagnetic waves, thus achieving dynamic frequency band matching.

[0071] Step 3: Asymmetric Differential Signal Transmission;

[0072] Signal Decomposition and Compensation:

[0073] The original temperature signal (amplitude 5 V, frequency 1 MHz) is decomposed into two asymmetric signals. The dynamic asymmetry coefficients are set to 0.6 and 0.4, and the phase compensation amount is calculated as 0.35 radians according to the noise power spectrum and channel response.

[0074] Common-Mode Rejection Effect:

[0075] After compensation, the common-mode noise voltage drops from 1.2 V to 0.05 V, and the rejection ratio increases by 24 dB, significantly reducing signal crosstalk.

[0076] Example illustration: During crystal growth, the temperature sensor signal needs to be transmitted to the control center in real time. Asymmetric differential transmission cancels out the common-mode noise induced by the strong electromagnetic field in the furnace by dynamically adjusting the phase difference between the two signals.

[0077] Step 4: Intelligent filtering and signal purification;

[0078] Time-frequency analysis and parameter generation:

[0079] The original signal transmitted by the conductive slip ring assembly (such as the analog voltage signal output by the temperature sensor) is processed by the asymmetric differential transmission module to generate two differential signals and , and the differential signals are input into the time-frequency transformation unit of the intelligent filtering module, converted into a time-frequency spectrogram through short-time Fourier transform (STFT) for subsequent feature extraction and filtering parameter decision-making. After the 3D convolution kernel extracts the spectral features, the LSTM network generates filter parameters: cut-off frequency 2.4 GHz, quality factor 15, attenuation slope 36 dB / oct.

[0080] Band-stop filtering execution:

[0081] The filter bank forms a stop band in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, suppressing 55 dB of interference, and the signal attenuation in the adjacent frequency band (2.3 - 2.5 GHz) is controlled within 1 dB to ensure the integrity of the effective signal.

[0082] Principle illustration: The deep learning model dynamically adjusts the filter parameters by analyzing the interference spectral features. The quality factor determines the stop band width (2.4 GHz ± 80 MHz), and the attenuation slope controls the out-of-band suppression intensity.

[0083] Step 5: Dynamic compensation of contact impedance;

[0084] Pressure regulation and impedance stabilization:

[0085] Vibration causes fluctuations in the contact pressure (0.5 N to 4 N). The piezoelectric actuator adjusts the pressure to 3 N, and the impedance of the carbon nanotube brush is stabilized at 5.9 mΩ (volatility ≤ 3%) to avoid signal interruption.

[0086] Example illustration: After continuous operation for 10 hours, the impedance of the traditional copper-graphite brush increases to 20 mΩ due to wear, while the carbon nanotube brush maintains stable impedance through pressure compensation, extending the maintenance cycle to 2 years.

[0087] Step 6: Bus collaborative control and output;

[0088] Timing scheduling:

[0089] 0.1 ms interference detection: Collect electromagnetic, vibration, temperature and humidity data;

[0090] 0.3ms Parameter Calculation: Run the LSTM network to generate filtering parameters, and use the PID algorithm to adjust the deformation of the shielding layer;

[0091] 0.6ms Execution Control: Update the filter cut-off frequency, liquid metal density, and brush pressure.

[0092] Communication Protocol: The FlexRay bus transmits control instructions at a rate of 10 Mbps to ensure that the full-system response time ≤ 5 ms.

[0093] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An anti-interference system for slip ring communication technology, characterized in that: Comprising: A conductive slip ring assembly, including at least a pair of physical contact interfaces of a rotating ring and a fixed brush; An asymmetric differential transmission module, connected to the conductive slip ring assembly, for generating an asymmetric differential signal with dynamic phase difference compensation; A dynamic shielding module, covering the conductive slip ring assembly, including a reconfigurable liquid metal shielding layer and an electro-magnetically active polymer layer; An intelligent filtering module, electrically connected to the asymmetric differential transmission module, including an adaptive filter bank based on a deep learning model; An environment perception module, integrating a multi-parameter sensor array, for real-time monitoring of electromagnetic interference, mechanical vibration, and environmental temperature and humidity parameters; A contact impedance compensation module, including a pressure-adjustable carbon nanotube composite brush and a piezoelectric actuator; The above-mentioned modules and components achieve cooperative control through a bus controller.

2. The anti-interference system for slip ring communication technology according to claim 1, wherein: The liquid metal shielding layer of the dynamic shielding module includes: ① Substrate layer: composed of a ceramic composite material with a dielectric constant ε≥8; ② Micro-channel layer: including serpentine fluid channels with a width of 50μm to 200μm, filled with gallium-indium-tin liquid alloy; ③ Driving layer: composed of a piezoelectric ceramic array, capable of generating a deformation displacement of 0μm to 100μm; The distribution density of the liquid metal in the liquid metal shielding layer is dynamically adjusted by the following formula: Where: is the metal density adjustment coefficient; is the main frequency of electromagnetic interference, and its measurement range is from 1 MHz to 10 GHz; is the vibration acceleration, and the measurement range is 0 m / s 2 to 50 m / s 2 ; and are material characteristic constants, and their value ranges are respectively and .

3. The anti-interference system for slip ring communication technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The working voltage of the driving layer is 0V to 200V, the response frequency covers 10Hz to 1kHz, and the deformation accuracy of the piezoelectric ceramic is achieved within ±0.5μm through a PID controller.

4. A anti-interference system for slip ring communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The asymmetric differential transmission module includes: ① Signal decomposition unit: decomposes the original signal into: , wherein, is the signal reference component, , are the dynamic asymmetry coefficients, and ; is the phase compensation amount; ② Dynamic phase compensator: Calculate the compensation amount according to the following formula: Where: is the channel transfer function; is the noise power spectral density; to is the operating frequency band range; represents the frequency differential variable; ③ Impedance matching network: Real-time adjustment of characteristic impedance within the range of 45 Ω to 55 Ω; where represents an inductor, represents a capacitor.

5. The anti-interference system for slip ring communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent filtering module includes: ① Feature extraction layer: using a three-dimensional convolution kernel to process the time-frequency spectrum diagram of electromagnetic interference; ② Decision-making layer: Generate a set of filter parameters based on the long short-term memory network , where represents the cut-off frequency, that is, the central operating frequency of the band-stop filter; represents the quality factor; represents the attenuation slope, that is, the attenuation rate of the filter outside the cut-off frequency; ③ Filter bank: including 6 parallel variable band-stop filters with a cut-off frequency adjustment accuracy of ±10kHz; ④ Time-frequency transformation unit: receiving the differential signal from the asymmetric differential transmission module and converting the signal into a time-frequency spectrum diagram with a frequency resolution of 256 bins and a time window length of 10ms.

6. The anti-interference system for slip ring communication technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The size of the three-dimensional convolution kernel is 5×5×3, i.e., frequency×time×depth; the convolution step size is 2×2×1; the long short-term memory network includes 128 hidden nodes, and the output parameters satisfy: Cut-off frequency adjustment range: 1 MHz ≤ ≤ 10 GHz; Quality factor adjustment range: 1 ≤ ≤ 100; Attenuation slope adjustment range: 12 dB / oct ≤ ≤ 48 dB / oct; The transfer function of the band-stop filter is as follows: , , where represents the complex frequency variable, represents the cut-off angular frequency, represents the attenuation depth coefficient.

7. A anti-interference system for slip ring communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environment perception module includes: ① Electromagnetic sensor: with a measurement range of 10mV / m to 100kV / m and a frequency range of DC to 10GHz; ② Vibration sensor: using a MEMS accelerometer with a measurement range of ±50g, g = 9.8m / s², and a resolution of 0.01g; ③ Temperature and humidity composite sensor: with a temperature measurement range of -40°C to +125°C and a humidity measurement range of 0%RH to 100%RH.

8. The anti-interference system for slip ring communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon nanotube composite brush of the contact impedance compensation module satisfies: Where: is the contact impedance, is the contact pressure, is the reference impedance; is the material characteristic coefficient, equal to 0.32 ± 0.05; is the compensation offset.

9. A anti-interference system for slip ring communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further includes a self-check and calibration module, which performs the following when starting up: (a) Detecting the channel transmission characteristics through a swept-frequency signal; (b) Optimize the initial parameters according to the detection results: , , where: and are the initial asymmetry coefficients; is the initial cut-off frequency, is the interference peak frequency; (c) Establish a reference impedance .

10. A anti-interference system for slip ring communication technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bus controller adopts a time-triggered architecture, and the communication cycle is divided into: interference detection time slot: 0.1ms; parameter calculation time slot: 0.3ms; execution control time slot: 0.6ms; data interaction between modules is carried out through a FlexRay bus with a transmission rate of 10Mbps.

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