Composite planting device and planting method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a composite planting device and a planting method. The composite planting device comprises a fertilization control device, a seeding control device, an irrigation control device and a mixing device which are all connected with the vehicle body, the seeding control device is located on the front side of the fertilization control device, and the mixing device is located below the seeding control device and the fertilization control device. The seeding control device, the fertilization control device and the irrigation control device are all communicated with the mixing device; the fertilization control device is used for controlling the fertilization amount, the seeding control device is used for controlling the seeding amount, and the irrigation control device is used for controlling the watering amount. The vehicle body moves forwards, the fertilization control device is started to supply quantitative chemical fertilizer into the mixing device, the seeding control device is started to supply quantitative seeds into the mixing device, and the irrigation control device is started to supply quantitative water into the mixing device, so that the seeds, the chemical fertilizer and the water can be supplied quantitatively, and the planting effect can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and in particular relates to a composite planting device and a planting method. Background Art

[0002] Corn and soybeans are major agricultural products used as food, oil and feed. There is a huge gap between their production and demand, and the conflict between the two in competing for land is one of the major problems that has long plagued my country's food security. The strip-shaped composite planting model of corn and soybeans integrates Gramineae and Leguminosae, and adopts a wide and narrow row field configuration method, which effectively improves the crop group's utilization efficiency of nutrients, water, light and other resources, while ensuring the yield of corn and increasing soybean income. It has the advantages of high and stable yield, fertilizing the soil, reducing costs, and improving economic benefits.

[0003] However, insufficient fertilizer for corn results in limited growth, while excessive fertilizer for soybean results in excessive growth and lodging, which seriously affects the yield of corn and soybean. The existing corn and soybean strip composite planting mode is difficult to control the amount of fertilizer, water and seeds during fertilization and irrigation, and the planting effect is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to design a composite planting device and planting method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a composite planting device and a planting method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A composite planting device, using a vehicle body, comprising a fertilization control device, a sowing control device, an irrigation control device and a mixing device, wherein the fertilization control device, the sowing control device, the irrigation control device and the mixing device are all connected to the vehicle body, the sowing control device is located in front of the fertilization control device, the mixing device is located below the sowing control device and the fertilization control device, and the sowing control device, the fertilization control device and the irrigation control device are all connected to the mixing device; The fertilization control device is used to control the fertilization amount, the sowing control device is used to control the sowing amount, and the irrigation control device is used to control the watering amount.

[0006] Furthermore, the irrigation control device includes a first drive motor, a first gear, a second gear, a valve and a water pipe, the water pipe is connected to the vehicle body, the water pipe outlet end is communicated with the mixing device, the valve is arranged on the water pipe, the valve is provided with the second gear, the first drive motor is used to be connected to the left side or the right side of the vehicle body, the first drive motor is connected to the first gear in a transmission connection, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear.

[0007] Further, the sowing control device includes a seed storage tank, a third gear and a rack, the seed storage tank is located above the third gear and connected to the vehicle body, the rack is located between the third gear and the left and right sides of the second gear, and the left and right sides of the rack are respectively provided with a first sawtooth and a second sawtooth, the first sawtooth is used to mesh with the third gear, and the second sawtooth is used to mesh with the second gear; A first discharge hole is formed at the bottom of the seed storage tank, a second discharge hole is formed on the third gear, and the first discharge hole is connected to the mixing device through the second discharge hole.

[0008] Further, the fertilization control device includes a fertilizer storage tank and a fourth gear, the fertilizer storage tank is located at the rear side of the seed storage tank and above the fourth gear, and the third gear is meshed with the fourth gear; A third discharge hole is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer storage tank, a fourth discharge hole is provided on the fourth gear, and the third discharge hole is communicated with the mixing device through the fourth discharge hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the composite planting device also includes a support plate, which is connected to the vehicle body, the second gear, the third gear, the fourth gear and the rack are all located at the upper end of the support plate, the mixing device is located below the support plate, the water pipe is located below the support plate, the upper end of the valve is connected to the second gear, and the lower end of the valve passes through the support plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the mixing device includes a first centralizing pipe, a second centralizing pipe and a mixing tank, the first centralizing pipe and the second centralizing pipe are both located above the mixing tank, the first centralizing pipe, the second centralizing pipe and the mixing tank are all connected to the vehicle body, the upper end of the first centralizing pipe is connected to the second discharge hole, the upper end of the second centralizing pipe is connected to the fourth discharge hole, the diameters of the first centralizing pipe and the second centralizing pipe gradually decrease from top to bottom, a fifth discharge hole is provided at the lower end of the mixing tank, and the water pipe is connected to the mixing tank.

[0011] Furthermore, the mixing device also includes a second drive motor, a transmission shaft and a spiral cutter. The transmission shaft is arranged in the mixing tank and is coaxially distributed with the mixing tank. The second drive motor is connected to the lower end of the mixing tank and is transmission-connected to the transmission shaft. The spiral cutter is connected to the transmission shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the mixing device also includes a scraper, and the scraper is connected to the lower end of the transmission shaft.

[0013] The present invention also provides a planting method, using the composite planting device as described above, comprising the following steps: Step S1, driving the vehicle body to move forward in the field; Step S2, using the fertilization control device to deliver a preset amount of fertilizer into the mixing device, using the sowing control device to deliver a preset amount of seeds into the mixing device, and using the irrigation control device to deliver a preset amount of water into the mixing device; Step S3, using the mixing device to evenly mix the fertilizer, seeds and water and discharge them to a designated location in the field.

[0014] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: 1. By using the vehicle body to move forward, the fertilization control device is started to supply a certain amount of fertilizer into the mixing device, the sowing control device is started to supply a certain amount of seeds into the mixing device, and the irrigation control device is started to supply a certain amount of water into the mixing device, so that seeds, fertilizers and water can be supplied in a certain amount, which is beneficial to improve the planting effect.

[0015] 2. Use a mixing device to mix fertilizer, seeds and water so that the fertilizer, seeds and water are evenly mixed, which is beneficial to further improve the planting effect.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and partly become obvious from the description, or be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a composite planting device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 A magnified image of area A; Figure 3 A partial structural schematic diagram of the upper part of the composite planting device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 Shows Figure 3 Enlarged view of area B; Figure 5A schematic diagram showing the structure of the lower part of the composite planting device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Shows Figure 5 Enlarged view of the middle C area; Figure 7 A partial structural schematic diagram of the lower part of the composite planting device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 8 Shows Figure 7 Magnified view of area D in the middle.

[0019] In the figure: 1. vehicle body; 2. fertilization control device; 3. sowing control device; 4. irrigation control device; 5. mixing device; 6. first drive motor; 7. first gear; 8. second gear; 9. water pipe; 10. seed storage tank; 11. third gear; 12. rack; 13. first discharge hole; 14. second discharge hole; 15. fertilizer storage tank; 16. fourth gear; 17. third discharge hole; 18. fourth discharge hole; 19. support plate; 20. first central pipe; 21. second central pipe; 22. mixing tank; 23. fifth discharge hole; 24. second drive motor; 25. transmission shaft; 26. spiral cutter; 27. scraper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 7As shown, a composite planting device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a vehicle body 1, and the composite planting device includes a fertilization control device 2, a sowing control device 3, an irrigation control device 4 and a mixing device 5. The fertilization control device 2, the sowing control device 3, the irrigation control device 4 and the mixing device 5 are all connected to the vehicle body 1, the sowing control device 3 is located in front of the fertilization control device 2, and the mixing device 5 is located below the sowing control device 3 and the fertilization control device 2. The sowing control device 3, the fertilization control device 2 and the irrigation control device 4 are all connected to the mixing device 5; the fertilization control device 2 is used to control the amount of fertilizer, the sowing control device 3 is used to control the amount of sowing, and the irrigation control device 4 is used to control the amount of watering. In this embodiment, the vehicle body 1 moves forward, the fertilization control device 2 is started to supply a certain amount of fertilizer to the mixing device 5, the sowing control device 3 is started to supply a certain amount of seeds to the mixing device 5, and the irrigation control device 4 is started to supply a certain amount of water to the mixing device 5, so that seeds, fertilizers and water can be supplied in a certain amount, which is conducive to improving the planting effect.

[0022] Secondly, the fertilizer, seeds and water are mixed by using the mixing device 5 so that the fertilizer, seeds and water are mixed evenly, which is beneficial to further improve the planting effect.

[0023] Alternatively, if Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the irrigation control device 4 includes a first drive motor 6, a first gear 7, a second gear 8, a valve and a water pipe 9, the water pipe 9 is connected to the vehicle body 1, the outlet end of the water pipe 9 is communicated with the mixing device 5, the valve is arranged on the water pipe 9, the valve is provided with the second gear 8, the first drive motor 6 is used to be connected to the left side or the right side of the vehicle body 1, the first drive motor 6 is in transmission connection with the first gear 7, and the first gear 7 is meshed with the second gear 8.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first drive motor 6 is used to drive the first gear 7 to rotate, and the first gear 7 is engaged with the second gear 8 to drive the second gear 8 to rotate. The second gear 8 is connected to the valve, which can drive the valve to open. That is, the amount of water delivered by the water pipe 9 to the mixing device 5 can be controlled by controlling the size of the valve opening.

[0025] Alternatively, if Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the sowing control device 3 includes a seed storage tank 10, a third gear 11 and a rack 12, the seed storage tank 10 is located above the third gear 11 and connected to the vehicle body 1, the rack 12 is located between the third gear 11 and the left and right sides of the second gear 8, and the left and right sides of the rack 12 are respectively provided with a first sawtooth and a second sawtooth, the first sawtooth is used to mesh with the third gear 11, and the second sawtooth is used to mesh with the second gear 8; The seed storage tank 10 has a first discharge hole 13 at the bottom, and the third gear 11 has a second discharge hole 14 . The first discharge hole 13 is connected to the mixing device 5 through the second discharge hole 14 .

[0026] In this embodiment, a rack 12 is provided between the second gear 8 and the third gear 11, and a first sawtooth and a second sawtooth are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the rack 12. The first sawtooth is meshed with the third gear 11, and the second sawtooth is meshed with the second gear 8. When the first gear 7 drives the second gear 8 to rotate, the second gear 8 drives the rack 12 to move in the front-to-back direction, and the rack 12 drives the third gear 11 to rotate during the movement in the front-to-back direction.

[0027] Secondly, a first discharge hole 13 is opened at the bottom of the seed storage tank 10, and a second discharge hole 14 is opened on the third gear 11. The seed storage tank 10 is fixed, and when the third gear 11 rotates relative to the seed storage tank 10, the second discharge hole 14 can correspond to the first discharge hole 13; wherein, the greater the rotation angle of the first gear 7, the greater the valve opening, the greater the watering amount, the more the second discharge hole 14 corresponds to the first discharge hole 13, and the more seeds are discharged.

[0028] Alternatively, if Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the fertilization control device 2 includes a fertilizer storage tank 15 and a fourth gear 16, the fertilizer storage tank 15 is located at the rear side of the seed storage tank 10 and above the fourth gear 16, and the third gear 11 is meshed with the fourth gear 16; The fertilizer storage tank 15 has a third discharge hole 17 at the bottom, the fourth gear 16 has a fourth discharge hole 18 , and the third discharge hole 17 is connected to the mixing device 5 through the fourth discharge hole 18 .

[0029] In this embodiment, the third gear 11 is meshed with the fourth gear 16, and the third gear 11 rotates to drive the fourth gear 16 to rotate. Secondly, a third discharge hole 17 is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer storage tank 15, and a fourth discharge hole 18 is provided on the fourth gear 16. During the rotation of the fourth gear 16 relative to the fertilizer storage tank 15, the fourth discharge hole 18 can correspond to the third discharge hole 17; wherein, the greater the rotation angle of the first gear 7, the greater the valve opening, the greater the watering amount, the more the second discharge hole 14 corresponds to the first discharge hole 13, the more seeds are discharged, the more the fourth discharge hole 18 corresponds to the third discharge hole 17, and the more fertilizer is discharged.

[0030] Alternatively, if Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 as well as Figure 8 As shown, the composite planting device also includes a support plate 19, which is connected to the vehicle body 1, the second gear 8, the third gear 11, the fourth gear 16 and the rack 12 are all located at the upper end of the support plate 19, the mixing device 5 is located below the support plate 19, the water pipe 9 is located below the support plate 19, the upper end of the valve is connected to the second gear 8, and the lower end of the valve passes through the support plate 19.

[0031] In this embodiment, the second gear 8 , the third gear 11 , the fourth gear 16 and the rack 12 can be supported by providing the support plate 19 .

[0032] Alternatively, if Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the mixing device 5 includes a first centralizing pipe 20, a second centralizing pipe 21 and a mixing tank 22, the first centralizing pipe 20 and the second centralizing pipe 21 are both located above the mixing tank 22, the first centralizing pipe 20, the second centralizing pipe 21 and the mixing tank 22 are all connected to the vehicle body 1, the upper end of the first centralizing pipe 20 is connected to the second discharge hole 14, the upper end of the second centralizing pipe 21 is connected to the fourth discharge hole 18, the diameters of the first centralizing pipe 20 and the second centralizing pipe 21 are gradually reduced from top to bottom, a fifth discharge hole 23 is opened at the lower end of the mixing tank 22, and the water pipe 9 is connected to the mixing tank 22.

[0033] In this embodiment, by setting the first centralizing pipe 20 below the second discharge hole 14, and the diameter of the first centralizing pipe 20 gradually decreases from top to bottom, the seeds flowing out of the second discharge hole 14 can smoothly enter the mixing tank 22 through the first centralizing pipe 20. Secondly, by setting the second centralizing pipe 21 below the fourth discharge hole 18, and the diameter of the second centralizing pipe 21 gradually decreases from top to bottom, the fertilizer flowing out of the fourth discharge hole 18 can smoothly enter the mixing tank 22 through the second centralizing pipe 21. Therefore, by setting the first centralizing pipe 20 and the second centralizing pipe 21, it is possible to prevent seeds and fertilizers from being retained in the process of entering the mixing tank 22 as much as possible, and ensure that the seeds and fertilizers are of appropriate amounts. In addition, the water pipe 9 can guide water into the mixing tank 22, and the water, seeds and fertilizers are mixed in the mixing tank 22 and discharged to a designated position in the field through the fifth discharge hole 23.

[0034] Alternatively, if Figure 8 As shown, the mixing device 5 also includes a second driving motor 24, a transmission shaft 25 and a spiral cutter 26. The transmission shaft 25 is arranged in the mixing tank 22 and is coaxially distributed with the mixing tank 22. The second driving motor 24 is connected to the lower end of the mixing tank 22 and is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft 25. The spiral cutter 26 is connected to the transmission shaft 25.

[0035] In this embodiment, seeds, fertilizers and water enter the mixing tank 22, and the second drive motor 24 is used to drive the transmission shaft 25 to rotate. Since the spiral cutter 26 is connected to the transmission shaft 25, the spiral cutter 26 is driven to rotate during the rotation of the transmission shaft 25. During the rotation of the spiral cutter 26, large pieces of fertilizer can be cut and the seeds, fertilizers and water can be mixed, which is beneficial to improve the uniformity of the mixing of seeds, fertilizers and water.

[0036] Alternatively, if Figure 8 As shown, the mixing device 5 further includes a scraper 27 , and the scraper 27 is connected to the lower end of the transmission shaft 25 .

[0037] In this embodiment, by arranging a scraper 27 at the lower end of the transmission shaft 25, the scraper 27 can be used to rotate in the mixing tank 22, and the mixture of seeds, fertilizers and water can be pushed to the fifth discharge hole 23 at the bottom of the mixing tank 22, so as to facilitate the discharge of the mixture of seeds, fertilizers and water.

[0038] A planting method according to another embodiment of the present invention, using the composite planting device as described above, comprises the following steps: Step S1, driving the vehicle body 1 to move forward in the field; Step S2, using the fertilization control device 2 to deliver a preset amount of fertilizer into the mixing device 5, using the sowing control device 3 to deliver a preset amount of seeds into the mixing device 5, and using the irrigation control device 4 to deliver a preset amount of water into the mixing device 5; Step S3, using the mixing device 5 to evenly mix the fertilizer, seeds and water and discharge them to a designated location in the field.

[0039] In this embodiment, the vehicle body 1 is used to move forward in the field, and the fertilizer control device 2 is used to quantitatively transport fertilizers, the sowing control device 3 is used to quantitatively transport seeds, and the irrigation control device 4 is used to quantitatively transport water, which is conducive to the simultaneous sowing, fertilization and irrigation operations, saving manpower. Secondly, the mixing device 5 is used to mix the fertilizer, seeds and water, so that the fertilizer, seeds and water are mixed evenly, which is conducive to improving the planting effect.

[0040] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite planting device, applied to a vehicle body (1), characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a fertilization control device (2), a sowing control device (3), an irrigation control device (4) and a mixing device (5); the fertilization control device (2), the sowing control device (3), the irrigation control device (4) and the mixing device (5) are all connected to the vehicle body (1); the sowing control device (3) is located in front of the fertilization control device (2); the mixing device (5) is located below the sowing control device (3) and the fertilization control device (2); the sowing control device (3), the fertilization control device (2) and the irrigation control device (4) are all connected to the mixing device (5); the fertilization control device (2) is used to control the amount of fertilizer, the sowing control device (3) is used to control the amount of sowing, and the irrigation control device (4) is used to control the amount of watering; The irrigation control device (4) comprises a first drive motor (6), a first gear (7), a second gear (8), a valve and a water pipe (9); the water pipe (9) is connected to the vehicle body (1); the outlet end of the water pipe (9) is in communication with the mixing device (5); the valve is arranged on the water pipe (9); the valve is provided with the second gear (8); the first drive motor (6) is used to be connected to the left side or the right side of the vehicle body (1); the first drive motor (6) is in transmission connection with the first gear (7); the first gear (7) is meshed with the second gear (8); The sowing control device (3) comprises a seed storage tank (10), a third gear (11) and a rack (12); the seed storage tank (10) is located above the third gear (11) and connected to the vehicle body (1); the rack (12) is located between the third gear (11) and the second gear (8) on the left and right sides; the rack (12) is provided with a first sawtooth and a second sawtooth on the left and right sides respectively; the first sawtooth is used to mesh with the third gear (11); the second sawtooth is used to mesh with the second gear (8); a first discharge hole (13) is provided at the bottom of the seed storage tank (10); a second discharge hole (14) is provided on the third gear (11); the first discharge hole (13) is connected to the mixing device (5) through the second discharge hole (14).

2. The composite planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization control device (2) comprises a fertilizer storage tank (15) and a fourth gear (16); the fertilizer storage tank (15) is located at the rear side of the seed storage tank (10) and above the fourth gear (16); the third gear (11) is meshed with the fourth gear (16); a third discharge hole (17) is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer storage tank (15); a fourth discharge hole (18) is provided on the fourth gear (16); the third discharge hole (17) is connected to the mixing device (5) through the fourth discharge hole (18).

3. The composite planting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a support plate (19), the support plate (19) is connected to the vehicle body (1), the second gear (8), the third gear (11), the fourth gear (16) and the rack (12) are all located at the upper end of the support plate (19), the mixing device (5) is located below the support plate (19), the water pipe (9) is located below the support plate (19), the upper end of the valve is connected to the second gear (8), and the lower end of the valve passes through the support plate (19).

4. The composite planting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mixing device (5) comprises a first centralizing pipe (20), a second centralizing pipe (21) and a mixing tank (22); the first centralizing pipe (20) and the second centralizing pipe (21) are both located above the mixing tank (22); the first centralizing pipe (20), the second centralizing pipe (21) and the mixing tank (22) are all connected to the vehicle body (1); the upper end of the first centralizing pipe (20) is connected to the second discharge hole (14); the upper end of the second centralizing pipe (21) is connected to the fourth discharge hole (18); the diameters of the first centralizing pipe (20) and the second centralizing pipe (21) gradually decrease from top to bottom; a fifth discharge hole (23) is provided at the lower end of the mixing tank (22); and the water pipe (9) is connected to the mixing tank (22).

5. The composite planting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mixing device (5) further comprises a second driving motor (24), a transmission shaft (25) and a spiral cutter (26); the transmission shaft (25) is arranged in the mixing tank (22) and is coaxially distributed with the mixing tank (22); the second driving motor (24) is connected to the lower end of the mixing tank (22) and is transmission-connected to the transmission shaft (25); and the spiral cutter (26) is connected to the transmission shaft (25).

6. The composite planting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mixing device (5) further comprises a scraper (27), wherein the scraper (27) is connected to the lower end of the transmission shaft (25).

7. A planting method, characterized in that: The composite planting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: Step S1, driving the vehicle body (1) to move forward in the field; Step S2, using the fertilization control device (2) to deliver a preset amount of fertilizer into the mixing device (5), using the sowing control device (3) to deliver a preset amount of seeds into the mixing device (5), and using the irrigation control device (4) to deliver a preset amount of water into the mixing device (5); Step S3, using the mixing device (5) to evenly mix the fertilizer, seeds and water and discharge the mixture to a designated location in the field.

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