Multifunctional fertilizer throwing device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and more particularly to a multifunctional fertilizer throwing device, comprising a frame, a discharging mechanism and a throwing mechanism, the discharging mechanism is fixed through the frame, the discharging mechanism comprises a fertilizer hopper, a discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer hopper, a guide mechanism for controlling the constant-speed discharging of the fertilizer in the fertilizer hopper is arranged in the discharging port, the throwing mechanism is arranged directly below the discharging mechanism on the frame, the throwing mechanism is composed of a throwing disc and a blocking guide disc, and the blocking guide disc is directly fixed on the frame. Through the cooperative structure of the throwing disc and the blocking guide disc, such as the movable material plate, the guide plate and the chute, the present application effectively prevents the fertilizer from being stuck in the gap, the movable material plate is automatically turned over to form a blocking space under the action of the guide plate, the fertilizer is blocked from being thrown backward, and the centrifugal force adjustment function of the counterweight ball ensures that the edge of the throwing disc is dynamically raised, which not only expands the throwing range but also avoids excessive throwing, and significantly improves the uniformity of fertilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a multifunctional fertilizer spreading device. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural production, the land is often cultivated with multiple crops year after year, which gradually depletes nutrients. Fertilizer is a nutrient substance that enriches the soil and meets the needs of crop growth. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the normal growth of crops through cultivation and fertilization. In the past, when agricultural machinery was underdeveloped, people usually spread fertilizer in the fields by hand. However, with the transformation of land intensive management and large-scale planting and production management methods, and the continuous development of mechanized equipment and production technology, in order to improve the uniformity of fertilization and work efficiency, more and more farmers are choosing mechanical equipment to replace manual labor for field fertilization and other tasks.

[0003] The accuracy and efficiency of fertilizer spreading devices directly affect fertilization effectiveness and resource utilization. Existing fertilizer spreading devices mainly include the following types: simple mechanical spreading devices: fertilizer is spread into the field through a mechanical structure; pneumatic spreading devices: fertilizer is blown into the field using airflow; and rotary spreading devices: fertilizer is centrifugally spread through a rotating spreading disc. Existing fertilizer spreading devices can basically meet fertilization needs, but the following problems still affect the working effect: During the spreading process, the uneven distribution of centrifugal force leads to uneven fertilizer distribution, easily resulting in excessive or insufficient fertilizer in some areas, affecting the fertilization effect; the inability to precisely control the spreading direction and range of fertilizer can easily cause uneven distribution of fertilizer in the field, affecting crop absorption of fertilizer nutrients; when spreading at high speed, the device lacks stability and is prone to jamming, vibration and other problems, affecting its service life; the existing devices are not adaptable enough to different types of fertilizers and different field conditions, and cannot meet diverse needs; in addition, traditional spreading devices can only be used for the application of single fertilizers, and are insufficient for the combined application of two or more fertilizers, affecting fertilization efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multifunctional fertilizer spreading device that can solve the above problems, so as to improve fertilization accuracy, increase work efficiency and enhance equipment adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned deficiencies and problems, this invention provides a multifunctional fertilizer spreading device designed to improve the uniformity, accuracy, and efficiency of fertilizer spreading. Through the coordinated structure of the spreading disc and the guide disc, fertilizer is effectively prevented from getting stuck in the gaps. The movable material plate automatically flips under the action of the guide plate to form a blocking space, preventing fertilizer from being thrown backward. Simultaneously, automatic mixing of two fertilizers can be achieved at the discharge port. Furthermore, the centrifugal force adjustment function of the counterweight ball ensures that the edge of the spreading disc dynamically tilts upward, expanding the spreading range while avoiding excessive spreading, significantly improving the uniformity of fertilization.

[0006] The solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a multifunctional fertilizer spreading device, including a frame, a feeding mechanism and a spreading mechanism. The feeding mechanism is fixed by the frame. The feeding mechanism includes a fertilizer hopper. A feeding port is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer hopper. A guiding mechanism for controlling the constant speed feeding of fertilizer in the fertilizer hopper is provided in the feeding port. A spreading mechanism is provided on the frame directly below the feeding mechanism. The spreading mechanism consists of a spreading disc and a baffle guide disc. The baffle guide disc is directly fixed on the frame. The spreading disc is rotatably mounted on the baffle guide disc and driven to rotate by a rotating mechanism.

[0007] The material guide plate includes a bottom guide plate and a rear baffle. The bottom guide plate is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the frame, and the rear baffle is vertically welded and fixed to the bottom guide plate on one side of the frame. The spraying plate includes a central material plate rotatably mounted above the bottom guide plate. Multiple material distribution partitions are evenly welded and fixed to the upper surface of the central material plate around the center. A recessed step is provided on the outer edge of the central material plate between two adjacent material distribution partitions. A movable material plate is rotatably installed in the recessed step. Guide plates are provided on both sides of the rear baffle. The guide plates are used to guide the movable material plate to flip upward. When the movable material plate flips upward, the movable material plate and the two adjacent material distribution partitions form a material blocking space on the central material plate.

[0008] Furthermore, a small wheel is installed below the movable material plate, and the small wheel contacts the upper surface of the bottom guide plate. A groove matching the small wheel is provided on the rear baffle. After the movable material plate is guided and flipped into the rear baffle area by the guide plate, the corresponding small wheel can slide into the groove.

[0009] Furthermore, a counterweight ball is fixed to the bottom of each movable material plate via a mounting rod. When the spraying disc rotates at high speed, the centrifugal force of the movable material plate increases due to the counterweight ball's effect. At this time, the movable material plate will flip inward, causing the edge of the spraying disc to tilt inward.

[0010] Furthermore, the material guiding mechanism includes a material guiding shaft rotatably mounted inside the discharge port, a plurality of material guiding baffles evenly arranged circumferentially around the material guiding shaft, and the material guiding baffles are matched and arranged inside the discharge port, and a power mechanism for controlling the rotation of the material guiding shaft is provided on the frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a drive shaft that is horizontally mounted on the frame, a main bevel gear that is fixedly mounted on one end of the drive shaft, a central rotating shaft that is vertically mounted on the center of the central material tray, the bottom of the central rotating shaft that is mounted on the center of the bottom guide plate through a bearing seat, and a driven bevel gear that is fixedly mounted on the central rotating shaft, and the driven bevel gear meshes with the main bevel gear.

[0012] Furthermore, the power mechanism is an engine mounted on the frame. The output end of the engine is connected to two gearboxes. The output shaft of one gearbox is connected to the guide shaft to drive the guide mechanism to rotate and guide the material. The output shaft of the other gearbox is connected to the transmission shaft to drive the rotating mechanism to run.

[0013] Furthermore, multiple longitudinal slots are symmetrically opened on the inner walls of both sides of the fertilizer hopper, and movable partitions are installed inside the fertilizer hopper through the slots. The movable partitions are used to divide the space inside the fertilizer hopper.

[0014] Furthermore, an insertion port is provided on the side wall of the fertilizer hopper above the discharge port, and a movable insert plate is inserted into the insertion port. The movable insert plate is used to block or open the discharge port.

[0015] Furthermore, the movable plate is rotatably mounted in the recessed step near the edge of the step via a pin, and the movable plate can only be flipped or reset horizontally upwards.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] Precise spreading and anti-jamming design: Through the coordinated structure of the spreading disc and the material blocking guide disc, such as the movable material plate, guide plate and chute, fertilizer is effectively prevented from getting stuck in the gap. The movable material plate automatically flips under the action of the guide plate to form a material blocking space to prevent fertilizer from being thrown backward. At the same time, the centrifugal force adjustment function of the counterweight ball ensures that the edge of the spreading disc is dynamically tilted, which expands the spreading range and avoids excessive spreading, significantly improving the uniformity of fertilization.

[0018] Constant speed and quantitative feeding control: The feeding mechanism adopts a feeding shaft and a baffle design, combined with the speed regulation of the power mechanism, to achieve precise control of the fertilizer feeding speed, ensuring that the amount of fertilizer applied matches the needs of the farmland and reducing waste; the dual-speed power mechanism synchronously drives the feeding and spreading, realizing coordinated control of the device start-up and speed adjustment, which is easy to operate and optimizes energy consumption.

[0019] Multi-fertilizer compatibility and flexible adjustment: The fertilizer hopper is equipped with movable partitions and slots to support the separate storage or mixed use of different fertilizers. Users can flexibly allocate fertilizer space by adjusting the position of the partitions. At the same time, two fertilizers can be automatically mixed at the discharge port to meet diverse fertilization needs according to soil texture and basic fertilizer conditions.

[0020] Enhanced structural stability: The small wheels at the bottom of the movable material plate cooperate with the chute to provide auxiliary support during high-speed rotation, reducing vibration and wear and extending the equipment's lifespan. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the spraying mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the spraying mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a top view of the spraying mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the spraying disc of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying disc of the present invention from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Feeding mechanism; 21. Fertilizer hopper; 22. Feeding port; 23. Slot; 24. Movable partition; 25. Feeding mechanism; 251. Feeding shaft; 252. Feeding baffle; 26. Insertion port; 27. Movable insert plate; 3. Power mechanism; 4. Spreading disc; 41. Central material disc; 42. Distribution partition; 43. Recessed step; 44. Movable material plate; 45. Small wheel; 46. Central rotating shaft; 48. Mounting rod; 49. Counterweight ball; 5. Material guide disc; 51. Bottom guide disc; 52. Rear baffle; 53. Guide plate; 54. Slide groove; 6. Rotating mechanism; 61. Drive shaft; 62. Main bevel gear; 63. Driven bevel gear. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Please see Figure 1-9 This invention provides a technical solution for a multifunctional fertilizer spreading device: Example

[0033] according to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a multifunctional fertilizer spreading device includes a frame 1, a feeding mechanism 2, and a spreading mechanism. The feeding mechanism 2 is fixed to the frame 1 and is used to store fertilizer and control the fertilizer feeding at a constant speed and quantity. The spreading mechanism is set on the frame 1 directly below the feeding mechanism 2. The fertilizer that is guided down by the feeding mechanism 2 is evenly scattered outward by the spreading mechanism to achieve uniform fertilization in the field. A mounting frame is fixed in front of the frame 1. In actual application, the entire fertilizer spreading device is suspended and fixed in front of a traction mechanism such as a tractor through the mounting frame and moves with the traction mechanism in the field to apply fertilizer.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, the feeding mechanism 2 includes a fertilizer hopper 21, which is fixed by the frame 1. A feeding port 22 is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer hopper 21. An insertion port 26 is provided on the side wall of the fertilizer hopper 21 above the feeding port 22. The insertion port 26 is used to insert a movable insert plate 27, which can block or open the feeding port 22. When the feeding port 22 is opened, the fertilizer in the fertilizer hopper 21 can fall freely through the feeding port 22 onto the spreading mechanism for outward dispersion. A guiding mechanism 25 is also provided inside the feeding port 22 to control the constant-speed feeding of the fertilizer in the fertilizer hopper 21. The guiding mechanism 25 includes... The guide shaft 251, which is mounted in the discharge port 22, is rotated. Multiple guide plates 252 are evenly arranged around the guide shaft 251 in a circumferential direction. The guide plates 252 are matched and arranged in the discharge port 22. A power mechanism 3 is set on the frame 1 to control the rotation of the guide shaft 251. By driving the guide shaft 251 to rotate, the fertilizer in the fertilizer hopper 21 can be quantitatively discharged under the action of the rotating guide plates 252. In actual application, the fertilizer discharge rate can also be adjusted by controlling the rotation speed of the guide mechanism 25, thereby cooperating with the spreading mechanism to control the fertilizer application speed and amount.

[0035] The spreading mechanism consists of a spreading disc 4 and a guide disc 5. The guide disc 5 is directly fixed on the frame 1. The spreading disc 4 is rotatably mounted on the guide disc 5 and is driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism 6. The spreading disc 4 is used to centrifugally spread and throw the fertilizer falling from the feeding mechanism 2 to the field to achieve automatic fertilization. The guide disc 5 provides auxiliary support for the high-speed rotation of the spreading disc 4 and blocks the fertilizer that is spread from the spreading disc 4 toward the frame 1. Specifically, the material guide plate 5 includes a bottom guide plate 51 and a rear baffle 52. The bottom guide plate 51 is directly and horizontally fixed to the bottom of the frame 1, and the rear baffle 52 is vertically welded and fixed to the bottom guide plate 51 on one side of the frame 1. The spreading plate 4 includes a central material plate 41 rotatably mounted above the bottom guide plate 51. Multiple material distribution partitions 42 are evenly welded and fixed around the center of the upper surface of the central material plate 41. The central material plate 41 and the material distribution partitions 42 form a complete spreading plate. A central rotating shaft 46 is vertically rotatably mounted at the center of the central material plate 41. The bottom of the central rotating shaft 46 is mounted at the center of the bottom guide plate 51 through a bearing seat. The center of both the bottom guide plate 51 and the center plate 41 are located directly below the feeding mechanism 2. The center plate 41 can rotate at high speed on the bottom guide plate 51. The power mechanism 3 and the rotating mechanism 6 drive the center shaft 46 and the center plate 41 to rotate at high speed. The spreading plate spreads the fertilizer evenly through centrifugal force. When the fertilizer spread on the spreading plate splashes towards the frame 1, the rear baffle 52 can block the fertilizer spread towards the frame 1, preventing the fertilizer from being spread towards the frame 1 behind the device. Instead, the fertilizer can only be collected on the spreading plate and spread forward to the field, thereby achieving precise fertilizer spreading and improving the accuracy of fertilizer spreading.

[0036] The rotating mechanism 6 includes a drive shaft 61 that is horizontally mounted on the frame 1. A main bevel gear 62 is fixedly mounted on one end of the drive shaft 61, and a driven bevel gear 63 is fixedly mounted on the central rotating shaft 46. The driven bevel gear 63 and the main bevel gear 62 mesh with each other. The drive shaft 61 can be directly driven by an electric motor or a diesel engine, or it can be driven by a power mechanism 3, thereby realizing the simultaneous start and stop of the material guiding mechanism 25 and the sprinkling disc 4.

[0037] In order for the spreading disc 4 to rotate smoothly on the guide plate 5, a gap needs to be left between the central material plate 41 and the rear baffle 52 to allow the spreading disc 4 to rotate smoothly at high speed. However, although the rear baffle 52 can prevent fertilizer from splashing towards the frame 1, it cannot prevent fertilizer from getting stuck in the gap between the central material plate 41 and the rear baffle 52. When fertilizer gets stuck in the gap, it may cause the rotation of the spreading disc 4 to be stuck, affecting the uniform and rapid spreading of fertilizer.

[0038] To solve this problem, such as Figure 5-7As shown, a recessed step 43 is provided on the outer edge of the central material tray 41 between two adjacent material distribution plates 42. A movable material plate 44 is rotatably installed inside the recessed step 43. The movable material plate 44 is rotatably fitted into the recessed step 43 near the edge of the step via a pin. Due to the resistance of the bottom surface of the recessed step 43, the movable material plate 44 can only be flipped upwards or returned to a horizontal position. When the movable material plate 44 is flipped upwards, it and the two adjacent material distribution plates 42 form a material blocking space on the central material tray 41. At this time, the movable material plate 44 is in a material blocking state, so the fertilizer cannot be thrown outwards. In order to achieve normal material spreading of the movable material plate 44 in front of the spreading plate 4, the material blocking in the direction of the frame 1 is also provided. The effect is that guide plates 53 are provided on both sides of the rear baffle 52. The guide plates 53 are curved inclined structures. When the movable material plate 44 rotates to the position of the guide plate 53, the movable material plate 44 can automatically flip upward under the push of the guide plate 53 and enter the rear baffle 52 in the blocking state. At this time, the fertilizer cannot be thrown outward by the blocking effect of the movable material plate 44, nor can it fall into the gap between the central material plate 41 and the bottom guide plate 51. After the movable material plate 44 rotates out from the rear baffle 52 and the guide plate 53, the movable material plate 44 returns to the horizontal spreading state by the guidance of the guide plate 53 and the weight of the movable material plate 44, so that the fertilizer can be smoothly spread to the field in front of the spreading plate 4.

[0039] To further improve the stability of the spraying disc 4 during high-speed rotation, a small wheel 45 is installed under each movable material plate 44, and the small wheel 45 contacts the upper surface of the bottom guide plate 51. When the spraying disc 4 rotates at high speed, the small wheel 45 can rotate on the surface of the bottom guide plate 51 to provide auxiliary support. In addition, a groove 54 matching the small wheel 45 is also provided on the rear baffle 52. When the movable material plate 44 is guided and flipped into the area of ​​the rear baffle 52 by the guide plate 53, the small wheel 45 on the corresponding movable material plate 44 can slide into the groove 54 and slide stably on the rear baffle 52 following the rotation of the movable material plate 44, thereby improving the stability of the spraying disc 4 during high-speed rotation.

[0040] The power mechanism 3 is a dual-shaft engine mounted on the frame 1. The engine's output is connected to two gearboxes. One gearbox's output shaft is connected to the guide shaft 251, driving the guide mechanism 25 to rotate and guide material. The other gearbox's output shaft is connected to the transmission shaft 61, driving the rotating mechanism 6. When the device is running, the power mechanism 3 drives the guide mechanism 25 to rotate and guide material while simultaneously driving the spreading disc 4 to rotate at high speed and spread material. When the device stops running, the guide mechanism 25 and the spreading disc 4 also stop synchronously, thus achieving simple control of the device. Furthermore, the rotation speed of the guide mechanism 25 and the spreading disc 4 can be adjusted by the gearboxes to change the device's operating speed, achieving low-speed or high-speed rotation and spreading of material.

[0041] In practical use, this multifunctional fertilizer spreading device of the present invention first suspends and fixes the device on the traction mechanism via a mounting frame and moves it in the field. Fertilizer to be applied is placed in the fertilizer hopper 21. The movable insert plate 27 is pulled out, opening the discharge port 22. Then, the spreading device is controlled by the power mechanism 3. The power mechanism 3 controls the rotation of the guide shaft 251, which, guided by the guide plate 252, quantitatively and at a constant speed, guides the fertilizer in the fertilizer hopper 21 downwards and allows it to fall freely onto the spreading disc 4. Simultaneously, the power mechanism 3 controls the rotation of the transmission shaft 61, which, through the meshing of the main bevel gear 62 and the driven bevel gear 63, drives the spreading disc 4 to rotate at high speed, causing the fertilizer to fall onto the spreading disc. The fertilizer on the spreading disc 4 is centrifugally thrown outward by the high-speed rotation of the spreading disc 4 and automatically falls into the field for fertilization. When the movable material plate 44 on the spreading disc 4 rotates to the front of the device facing the farmland, the movable material plate 44 is in a horizontal state and works smoothly with the central material disc 41 to complete the fertilizer spreading work. When the movable material plate 44 rotates to the direction of the frame 1, guided by the guide plate 53, the movable material plate 44 can flip into the range of the guide plate 53 and the rear baffle 52. Through the blocking of the movable material plate 44, the fertilizer cannot be spread in the direction of the frame 1, but can only be spread in the direction of the farmland in front, thereby realizing the automatic and precise spreading of fertilizer. Example

[0042] Based on Example 1, the similarities between this example and Example 1 will not be repeated here. The differences are as follows: Figure 9 As shown, an installation rod 48 is installed below each movable material plate 44. A counterweight ball 49 is fixed to the bottom of the installation rod 48. The installation rod 48 can be configured as a telescopic rod structure and its length is fixed by a locking screw.

[0043] In practical use, this multifunctional fertilizer spreading device of the present invention, under the same conditions, generates a greater centrifugal force due to the greater weight of the object. When the spreading disc 4 rotates at high speed, the movable material plate 44 generates a greater centrifugal force due to the counterweight effect of the counterweight ball 49. At this time, the movable material plate 44 will generate a force such as... Figure 9As shown in the diagram, the movable material plate 44 will flip inward, thereby raising the edge of the spreading disc 4 inward. In this way, the fertilizer on the spreading disc 4 can be spread higher and farther by the guidance of the movable material plate 44. Moreover, the certain obstruction effect generated when the movable material plate 44 is raised can also prevent the spreading disc 4 from directly throwing out a large amount of fertilizer at high speed, resulting in excessive fertilizer spreading, thereby improving the accuracy and uniformity of fertilizer spreading. Example

[0044] Based on Example 1, the similarities between this example and Example 1 will not be repeated here. The differences are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, multiple longitudinal slots 23 are symmetrically formed on the inner walls of both sides of the fertilizer hopper 21. Movable partitions 24 can be fitted into the fertilizer hopper 21 through these slots. The movable partitions 24 divide the space within the fertilizer hopper 21, allowing different fertilizers to be stored simultaneously. This enables automatic mixing of different fertilizers and uniform application through the discharge port 22 and the spreading mechanism. The movable partitions 24 can also be fitted at different positions within the fertilizer hopper 21 to adjust the space distribution. Alternatively, the movable partitions can be removed for uniform application of a single fertilizer. This device features fast application speed and high efficiency, allowing for flexible adjustment of the application rate of different fertilizers according to field fertilization needs. Compared to other fertilization devices, this device offers the multi-functionality of automatic mixing of multiple fertilizers and single fertilizer application, making it suitable for applying base fertilizer to crops before tillage, thus improving fertilization efficiency and uniformity.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional fertilizer spreading device, comprising a frame (1), a feeding mechanism (2), and a spreading mechanism, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism (2) is fixed by the frame (1). The feeding mechanism (2) includes a fertilizer hopper (21). A feeding port (22) is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer hopper (21). A guiding mechanism (25) for controlling the fertilizer in the fertilizer hopper (21) to feed at a constant speed is provided in the feeding port (22). A scattering mechanism is provided on the frame (1) directly below the feeding mechanism (2). The scattering mechanism consists of a scattering disc (4) and a baffle guide disc (5). The baffle guide disc (5) is directly fixed on the frame (1). The scattering disc (4) is rotatably mounted on the baffle guide disc (5) and driven to rotate by the rotating mechanism (6). The material guide plate (5) includes a bottom guide plate (51) and a rear baffle (52). The bottom guide plate (51) is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the frame (1), and the rear baffle (52) is vertically welded and fixed to the bottom guide plate (51) on one side of the frame (1). The spraying plate (4) includes a central material plate (41) rotatably mounted above the bottom guide plate (51). Multiple material distribution partitions (42) are uniformly welded and fixed around the center on the upper surface of the central material plate (41). The outer edge is provided with a recessed step (43) between two adjacent material distribution partitions (42). A movable material plate (44) is rotatably installed in the recessed step (43). Guide plates (53) are provided on both sides of the rear baffle (52). The guide plates (53) are used to guide the movable material plate (44) to flip upward. When the movable material plate (44) flips upward, the movable material plate (44) and the two adjacent material distribution partitions (42) form a material blocking space on the central material tray (41).

2. The multifunctional fertilizer spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable material plate (44) is equipped with a small wheel (45) below it, and the small wheel (45) contacts the upper surface of the bottom guide plate (51). A groove (54) matching the small wheel (45) is opened on the rear baffle (52). After the movable material plate (44) is guided and flipped into the area of ​​the rear baffle (52) by the guide plate (53), the corresponding small wheel (45) can slide into the groove (54).

3. A multifunctional fertilizer spreading device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each movable material plate (44) has a counterweight ball (49) fixed below it by a mounting rod (48). When the spraying disc (4) rotates at high speed, the centrifugal force of the movable material plate (44) increases due to the counterweight effect of the counterweight ball (49). At this time, the movable material plate (44) will flip inward and lift the edge of the spraying disc (4) inward.

4. The multifunctional fertilizer spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material guiding mechanism (25) includes a material guiding shaft (251) rotatably mounted in the feed port (22), a plurality of material guiding baffles (252) are evenly arranged around the material guiding shaft (251) in a circumferential direction, and the material guiding baffles (252) are matched and arranged in the feed port (22), and a power mechanism (3) for controlling the rotation of the material guiding shaft (251) is provided on the frame (1).

5. A multifunctional fertilizer spreading device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (6) includes a drive shaft (61) that is horizontally mounted on the frame (1), a main bevel gear (62) that is fixedly mounted on one end of the drive shaft (61), a central rotating shaft (46) that is vertically mounted on the center of the central material tray (41), the bottom of the central rotating shaft (46) that is mounted on the center of the bottom guide plate (51) through a bearing seat, and a secondary bevel gear (63) that is fixedly mounted on the central rotating shaft (46), and the secondary bevel gear (63) meshes with the main bevel gear (62).

6. The multifunctional fertilizer spreading device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power mechanism (3) is an engine mounted on the frame (1). The output end of the engine is connected to two gearboxes. The output shaft of one gearbox is connected to the guide shaft (251) to drive the guide mechanism (25) to rotate and guide the material. The output shaft of the other gearbox is connected to the transmission shaft (61) to drive the rotating mechanism (6) to run.

7. A multifunctional fertilizer spreading device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fertilizer hopper (21) has multiple longitudinal slots (23) symmetrically opened on both sides of the inner wall. A movable partition (24) is installed in the fertilizer hopper (21) through the slots (23). The movable partition (24) is used to divide the space inside the fertilizer hopper (21).

8. A multifunctional fertilizer spreading device according to claim 4 or 7, characterized in that, An insertion port (26) is provided on the side wall of the fertilizer hopper (21) above the discharge port (22). A movable insert plate (27) is inserted into the insertion port (26). The movable insert plate (27) is used to block or open the discharge port (22).

9. A multifunctional fertilizer spreading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable plate (44) is mounted on the recessed step (43) near the edge of the step by means of a pin, and the movable plate (44) can only be flipped or reset horizontally upwards.

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