Cannula and obturator with transparent tip with opaque member

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of minimally invasive brain surgery, and discloses a cannula and obturator with a transparent tip with an opaque part. The cannula and obturator comprises a cannula tip, an expansion cylinder and an expansion assembly. An expansion cylinder is fixed to the upper end of the intubation tip, limiting grooves are formed in the upper end and the lower end of the expansion cylinder, first extension layers are fixed to the connecting positions of the expansion cylinder and the intubation tip and the connecting positions of the expansion cylinder and the supporting cylinder, the first extension layers are located on the inner sides of the limiting grooves, and the expansion cylinder comprises a plurality of arc-shaped plates and second extension layers; a plurality of arc-shaped plates are arranged between the intubation tip and the supporting cylinder in a surrounding mode, a crushing assembly is coaxially arranged at the lower end of the impeller, and the adjustable intubation tip is arranged, so that when the intubation tip moves to the position close to hematoma, a doctor adjusts the hand action to control a pull rod, and then the tip is recycled to be in a circular state; the tip of the cannula can be adjusted after penetrating through the brain tissue, so that the tip of the cannula can penetrate through the brain tissue conveniently, and damage to hematoma before drainage can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the field of minimally invasive brain surgery, and in particular to cannulas and obturators having transparent tips with opaque components. Background Art

[0002] Minimally invasive brain surgery is a type of surgery performed through small incisions and fine instruments, which aims to reduce surgical trauma and improve surgical precision. This surgical method is suitable for a variety of brain diseases, such as intracranial hematoma, brain tumors, etc. During the operation, the doctor controls the timing and speed of drainage through the cannula occluder to prevent complications caused by blood backflow or too fast drainage.

[0003] For example, the cannula and obturator with a transparent tip having an opaque component in application number US202318243944 can easily pass through the brain tissue to reach the target position when the cannula with the transparent tip is inserted around the hematoma. However, after reaching the area around the hematoma, the patient's physiological condition changes during the operation. For example, blood pressure fluctuations may cause changes in the position or shape of the hematoma, which may easily increase the risk of the cannula piercing the hematoma. At the same time, when targeting larger hematomas, if a thicker cannula is used, the damage to the brain tissue by the cannula may be easily increased. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cannula and an obturator having a transparent tip with an opaque component, thereby solving the risk in the prior art that the cannula may easily pierce the hematoma when the sharp tip passes through the outer brain tissue and reaches the area around the hematoma.

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A cannula having a transparent tip with an opaque component, comprising: a cannula tip, a dilation barrel, and a dilation assembly;

[0007] An expansion cylinder is fixed to the upper end of the cannula tip, and limiting grooves are provided at both upper and lower ends of the expansion cylinder, and a support cylinder is fixed to the upper end of the expansion cylinder, and a first extension layer is fixed at the connection between the expansion cylinder, the cannula tip and the support cylinder, and the first extension layer is located on the inner side of the limiting groove, the expansion cylinder includes a plurality of arc plates and a second extension layer, a plurality of arc plates are arranged around the cannula tip and the support cylinder, and the second extension layer is fixed to the edge of the plurality of arc plates;

[0008] A support frame is fixed to the inner wall of the support cylinder, an expansion assembly is fixed to the inner side of the support frame, and an impeller is arranged on the inner side of the expansion assembly;

[0009] When the diameter of the expansion tube needs to be changed, a long rod is inserted into the inner side of the impeller, and the impeller is driven to rotate by rotating the long rod. The rotation of the impeller drives the expansion assembly to perform an expansion action, so that the diameter of the expansion tube increases dynamically. When the diameter of the expansion tube is larger than the target hematoma diameter, the outer wall of the expansion tube fits with the dura mater outside the hematoma to form a sealed space. At this time, the hematoma is located in the sealed space and is isolated from the brain tissue outside by the expansion tube.

[0010] A crushing assembly is arranged inside the expansion cylinder.

[0011] In some disclosures, the thickness of the first and second extension layers is 1 / 3 of the support tube, a plurality of notches are formed at the tip of the cannula, and a third extension layer is fixed inside the notches.

[0012] In some disclosures, a through hole penetrating the support frame is provided on the inner side of the support frame, and a support arm is provided around the outer side of the support frame.

[0013] In some disclosures, the expansion assembly includes a support ring, a gear rod, a rotating shaft, a rack and a support rod, a support ring is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the support frame, and a plurality of gear rods are equidistantly arranged on the inner side of the support ring, a plurality of rotating shafts are arranged around the outer side of the support ring, and a plurality of spiral grooves are opened on the inner wall of the rotating shaft, racks are arranged on the outer sides of the plurality of rotating shafts, and a support rod is fixed to one end of the rack away from the support ring.

[0014] In some disclosures, the impeller is coaxially arranged with the through hole, the outer wall of the rotating shaft is surrounded by teeth, and the teeth are meshed with the rack, the support rod is slidably arranged on the inner side of the support arm, and the end of the support rod away from the support ring is fixedly connected to the arc plate.

[0015] In some disclosures, the crushing assembly includes a stirring rod, a sliding seat and a connecting rod, the stirring rod is fixed to the lower end of the support frame, and the lower end of the stirring rod is fixed to a pricking part, a sliding seat is slidably provided on the outer side of the stirring rod, and a plurality of connecting rods are rotatably connected between the sliding seat and the pricking part, and a blade is fixed to the outer side of the farthest connecting rod.

[0016] In some disclosures, a transmission seat is coaxially arranged on the upper end of the sliding seat, and a protrusion is fixed on the upper end of the stirring rod, a sliding groove adapted to the protrusion is opened on the side wall of the transmission seat, and a baffle rod is fixed on the upper end of the transmission seat, and a rectangular groove is fixed on the lower end of the long rod, and the width of the rectangular groove is equal to the diameter of the baffle rod.

[0017] In some disclosures, a positioning block is fixed to the inner wall of the impeller, a slot matching the positioning block is opened on the lower side wall of the long rod, a baffle is fixed to the upper end of the slot, a light rod is fixed between the baffle and the slot, and an annular protrusion is fixed to the upper end of the long rod.

[0018] In some disclosures, a bracket is fixed to the inner wall of the upper end of the support tube, and a limiting hole is opened on the inner side of the bracket. The limiting hole is concentrically arranged with the through hole, and a stopper is arranged on the inner side of the limiting hole. A plurality of triangular protrusions are arranged around the upper end surface of the bracket, a knob is fixed to the upper end of the long rod, and a triangular notch adapted to the triangular protrusion is fixed to the lower end surface of the knob.

[0019] The occluder includes a cannula with a transparent tip with an opaque component, an operating rod and an airbag. When controlling the blood flow rate, the operating rod is placed inside the support tube, and the airbag is fixed to the end of the operating rod. When the airbag is expanded to its maximum volume, the outer wall of the airbag fits with the inner wall of the support tube. By controlling the gap between the outer wall of the airbag and the inner wall of the support tube, the blood flow rate in the cannula is controlled.

[0020] The nouns, conjunctions or adjectives involved in the above technical solution are explained as follows:

[0021] A fixed connection is one where the parts or components are fixed without any relative movement;

[0022] A rotational connection is a connection between parts that allows the parts to rotate relative to each other;

[0023] Threaded connection is a detachable fixed connection with the advantages of simple structure, reliable connection, and convenient assembly and disassembly. It is widely used in the fields of mechanical engineering and connection structures.

[0024] A sliding connection is a connection between parts that allows the parts to slide against each other.

[0025] Beneficial effects of the present disclosure:

[0026] 1. After the diameter of the expansion component increases, the expansion component wraps the hematoma and isolates the hematoma from the brain tissue around the hematoma to prevent the accumulated fluid in the hematoma from seeping out during the subsequent puncture and drainage process, causing infection of the brain tissue around the hematoma.

[0027] 2. An adjustable cannula tip is provided, so that when the cannula tip moves to the vicinity of the hematoma, the doctor adjusts the hand movement to control the pull rod, and then retracts the tip into a round state, so that the cannula tip can be adjusted after passing through the brain tissue, so that it can reduce the damage to the brain tissue when passing through the brain tissue, and reduce the damage to the hematoma caused by the tip during drainage. The cannula shrinks from a sharp shape to a smooth shape, so that the end of the cannula close to the hematoma can better fit with the dura mater outside the hematoma, thereby facilitating the expansion component to wrap the hematoma.

[0028] 3. By setting up an expansion component and an expansion tube, when the expansion tube moves to the vicinity of the hematoma, the expansion tube can be expanded for a second time, so that it can enter the deep tissue with a smaller diameter during insertion to reduce damage. The diameter of the expansion tube can be increased during the operation to match the corresponding hematoma volume, so that hematomas of different volumes can be wrapped by the expansion tube, which is beneficial to increase the practicality of the expansion tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the support frame and the crushing assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the expansion assembly of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the crushing assembly and the transmission seat of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the long rod according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the crushing assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure when it is closed;

[0038] Fig. 9is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rotating shaft of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the impeller and the gear rod of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] In the figure: 1, cannula tip; 101, third extension layer; 102, pull rod; 103, notch; 2, expansion tube; 21, limit groove; 22, arc plate; 23, second extension layer; 3, support tube; 4, first extension layer; 5, support frame; 51, through hole; 52, support arm; 6, expansion assembly; 61, support ring; 62, gear rod; 63, rotating shaft; 64, rack; 65, support rod; 631, spiral groove; 632, teeth; 7, impeller; 71, positioning block; 8, long rod ; 81. notch; 82. rectangular groove; 83. bare rod; 84. annular protrusion; 85. knob; 851. triangular notch; 9. crushing assembly; 91. stirring rod; 92. sliding seat; 93. connecting rod; 911. needling part; 912. protrusion; 931. blade; 10. transmission seat; 1001. stop rod; 1002. slide groove; 11. baffle; 12. bracket; 121. limit hole; 122. block; 123. triangular protrusion; 131. operating lever; 132. airbag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10 , a cannula and an obturator having a transparent tip with an opaque component, comprising: a cannula tip 1, a dilation barrel 2 and a dilation assembly 6;

[0043] An expansion cylinder 2 is fixed to the upper end of the cannula tip 1, and limiting grooves 21 are provided at both upper and lower ends of the expansion cylinder 2, and a support cylinder 3 is fixed to the upper end of the expansion cylinder 2, and a first extension layer 4 is fixed at the connection between the expansion cylinder 2, the cannula tip 1 and the support cylinder 3, and the first extension layer 4 is located on the inner side of the limiting groove 21, and the expansion cylinder 2 includes a plurality of arc plates 22 and a second extension layer 23, and a plurality of arc plates 22 are arranged around the cannula tip 1 and the support cylinder 3, and the second extension layer 23 is fixed to the edge of the plurality of arc plates 22;

[0044] A support frame 5 is fixed to the inner wall of the support tube 3, an expansion assembly 6 is fixed to the inner side of the support frame 5, and an impeller 7 is arranged on the inner side of the expansion assembly 6;

[0045] When the diameter of the expansion tube 2 needs to be changed, the long rod 8 is inserted into the inner side of the impeller 7, and the impeller 7 is driven to rotate by rotating the long rod 8. The rotation of the impeller 7 drives the expansion assembly 6 to perform the expansion action, so that the diameter of the expansion tube 2 is dynamically increased. When the diameter of the expansion tube 2 is larger than the target hematoma diameter, the outer wall of the expansion tube 2 fits with the cerebral dura mater outside the hematoma to form a sealed space. At this time, the hematoma is located in the sealed space and is isolated from the brain tissue outside by the expansion tube 2.

[0046] A crushing assembly 9 is arranged inside the expansion cylinder 2 .

[0047] The second extension layer 23 is folded and inserted into the inner side of the limiting groove 21;

[0048] During use, the doctor inserts the cannula tip 1 into the patient's body and leaves the support tube 3 on the outside. After the cannula tip 1 passes through the blood vessels around the hematoma and reaches the hematoma, the tip design can penetrate the brain tissue more efficiently during the crossing process, reducing the propulsion resistance and facilitating rapid approach to the hematoma. However, when approaching the hematoma, the cannula tip 1 is retracted outward by pulling the pull rod 102 outward. At this time, the cannula tip 1 is retracted into the expansion tube 2, and the bottom of the expansion tube 2 contacts the area around the hematoma, thereby increasing the contact area with the hematoma and making the pressure on the hematoma more uniform, thereby reducing the risk of accidental penetration. At this time, the doctor needs to judge how to treat according to the environment around the hematoma. If the hematoma is large, it can be treated with a sterile cloth. The long rod 8 is inserted into the support frame 5, and the bottom of the long rod 8 is inserted into the impeller 7 in the support frame 5, and the long rod 8 is rotated to drive the impeller 7 and the expansion component 6 to move outward, so that the arc plate 22 on the expansion tube 2 moves outward evenly. During the expansion process, the first extension layers 4 at the upper and lower ends of the expansion tube 2 are first pushed outward, and then driven by the expansion component 6 to move outward evenly. At the same time, the two ends of the expansion tube 2 are made of elastic material. After the first extension layer 4 is pushed outward, the bottom end of the expansion tube 2 is elastically deformed, and after the diameter of the expansion tube 2 is increased, the second extension layer 23 folded between the arc plates 22 is driven to expand outward evenly, so that the expansion tube 2 The diameter of the expansion tube 2 is increased, and since the edges of the first extension layer 4 and the second extension are fixedly connected to the support tube 3 and the cannula tip 1, the uniformity of the inside of the expansion tube 2 is maintained, and at the same time, the expansion component 6 is fixed to the inner wall of the expansion tube 2 and provides support for the expansion tube 2, thereby increasing the drainage speed and shortening the operation time. For complex hematomas, such as cauliflower-shaped or irregular hematomas, the increase in the diameter of the expansion tube 2 can better adapt to the shape of the hematoma. After the cannula tip 1 is received into the expansion tube 2, for complex hematomas, the diameter of the expansion tube 2 is increased until the diameter of the expansion tube 2 is larger than the volume of the hematoma, and the end of the expansion component 6 fits with the dura mater around the hematoma. And the expansion component 6 is used to cover the hematoma of different shapes on the inner side of the expansion component 6, so that the hematoma is separated from the external brain tissue, providing an isolated environment for hematoma puncture, and reducing the leakage of the accumulated fluid in the hematoma after the hematoma puncture. At the same time, the expansion tube 2 is only carried out around the hematoma during the expansion period, which is beneficial to the protection of the brain tissue. At the same time, in some embodiments, a thicker drainage tube is directly used for large hematomas. The thicker drainage tube will destroy more brain tissue during the insertion process, thereby increasing the risk of surgery. The present device enters deep tissue with a smaller diameter during insertion to reduce damage. During the operation, the diameter of the expansion tube 2 is enlarged to match the volume of the hematoma, thereby facilitating the operation.

[0049] At the same time, the crushing component 9 is located on the inner side of the expansion tube 2. When the crushing component 9 stirs the hematoma to break the clot inside the hematoma, the working process of the crushing component 9 is completed in the expansion tube 2. At this time, the expansion tube 2 forms an isolation between the hematoma and the brain tissue outside the hematoma, so that during the crushing process, if the clot or effusion in the hematoma splashes outward, an effective barrier is formed through the expansion component 6 to further reduce the seepage of the effusion.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1 to Figure 2 The thickness of the first extension layer 4 and the second extension layer 23 is 1 / 3 of the support tube 3, and the material of the first extension layer 4 and the second extension layer 23 is relatively soft, so it is convenient to fold.

[0051] The tip 1 of the cannula is provided with a plurality of notches 103 , and a third extension layer 101 is fixed inside the notches 103 .

[0052] The shape of the notch 103 is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, similar to a fan-shaped folding structure. When the cannula moves to the vicinity of the hematoma, the pull rod 102 is pulled upward, and the cannula tip 1 is driven to fold along the bottom and fit the inner wall of the cannula tip 1 and slide upward along the pull rod 102. When the bottom of the cannula tip 1 is folded, it will deform and cause the cannula tip 1 to expand in the radial direction. At this time, the third extension layer 101 is used to expand outward to compensate for the radial deformation of the cannula tip 1, thereby maintaining the contraction stability of the cannula tip 1, and during the contraction process, the radial deformation of the cannula tip 1 is reduced by the extension of the third extension layer 101, which is beneficial to reduce the pressure on the surrounding brain tissue during the recovery of the cannula tip 1.

[0053] A through hole 51 penetrating the support frame 5 is formed on the inner side of the support frame 5 , and a support arm 52 is formed around the outer side of the support frame 5 .

[0054] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The expansion assembly 6 includes a support ring 61, a gear rod 62, a rotating shaft 63, a rack 64 and a support rod 65. The support ring 61 is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the support frame 5, and a plurality of gear rods 62 are equidistantly arranged on the inner side of the support ring 61. A plurality of rotating shafts 63 are arranged around the outer side of the support ring 61, and a plurality of spiral grooves 631 are opened on the inner wall of the rotating shaft 63. Racks 64 are arranged on the outer sides of the plurality of rotating shafts 63, and a support rod 65 is fixed to one end of the rack 64 away from the support ring 61.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The impeller 7 is coaxially arranged with the through hole 51 , and teeth 632 are arranged around the outer wall of the rotating shaft 63 , and the teeth 632 are meshed with the rack 64 .

[0056] When the impeller 7 rotates, the impeller 7 engages with the gear rod 62 and drives the gear rod 62 to rotate along the support ring 61. When the gear rod 62 slides from the inside of the rotating shaft 63, the gear rod 62 slides along the thread line and drives multiple rotating shafts 63 to rotate synchronously, so that the teeth 632 on the outside of the rotating shaft 63 engage with the rack 64, and drive the rack 64 to move toward the end away from the support ring 61, and at the same time drive multiple support rods 65 to slide outward at the same time, and push multiple arc plates 22 to slide outward synchronously, so that the expansion tube 2 expands outward evenly and reduces the expansion eccentricity.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 2 The support rod 65 is slidably disposed on the inner side of the support arm 52 , and one end of the support rod 65 away from the support ring 61 is fixedly connected to the arc plate 22 .

[0058] The position of the support frame 5 is fixed by the arc plate 22, and when the tip of the cannula 1 is retracted inward, the expansion tube 2 is the closest point to the hematoma, which facilitates the delivery of the crushing assembly 9 into the hematoma. At the same time, the arc plate 22 is harder than the material of the second extension layer 23, and can provide stable support for the support frame 5. The way of driving the arc plate 22 to expand outward only by the support rod 65 is compared with pushing the inner wall of the entire expansion tube 2 outward, which is conducive to reducing the pressure on the second extension layer 23 and reducing damage to surrounding tissues. When the expansion tube 2 expands outward, the second extension layer 23 undergoes elastic deformation and increases the diameter of the second extension layer 23, so that the second extension layer 23 can wrap the hematoma. The material of the second extension layer 23 is relatively soft and can adapt to the curvature of the dura mater when it is in contact with the dura mater, so as to improve the fit and sealing between the second extension layer 23 and the outer surface of the dura mater, thereby improving the safety of the operation.

[0059] Please refer to Figures 2 to 8 The crushing assembly 9 includes a stirring rod 91, a sliding seat 92 and a connecting rod 93. The stirring rod 91 is fixed to the lower end of the support frame 5, and the lower end of the stirring rod 91 is fixed to the pricking portion 911. The sliding seat 92 is slidably provided on the outer side of the stirring rod 91, and a plurality of connecting rods 93 are rotatably connected between the sliding seat 92 and the pricking portion 911, and a blade 931 is fixed to the outer side of the farthest connecting rod 93.

[0060] If a thicker hematoma is encountered, blood accumulates in the brain tissue and solidifies to form a blood clot. During drainage, the blood clot inside the hematoma will block the drainage tube. At this time, the multiple connecting rods 93 will shrink inwards. Please refer to Figure 8Before drainage, the puncture part 911 at the end of the stirring rod 91 is inserted into the film outside the hematoma. During the insertion process, the connecting rod 93 is sent into the film. When encountering a relatively large blood clot, the sliding seat 92 is moved downward, thereby driving the multiple connecting rods 93 to rotate, and then the expansion is completed on the inside of the film. At this time, the rotating crushing component 9 mechanically crushes the blood clot in the hematoma to avoid clogging the drainage tube. At the same time, the puncture part 911 pierces the film outside the hematoma, so that the blood in the hematoma flows out and reduces the pressure caused by the hematoma. At the same time, the film gap 103 caused by the puncture part 911 is smaller than the ordinary knife edge, which is convenient for controlling the drainage of the hematoma and preventing the blood clot. Diffusion, and during the insertion process, the pressure of the crushing component 9 on the hematoma is reduced, thereby reducing the further compression of the nerves and tissues that have been compressed by the hematoma for a long time by the crushing component 9, thereby reducing the risk of secondary damage to the nerves and tissues. At the same time, the multiple connecting rods 93 on the crushing component 9 are constructed in an umbrella-shaped structure, and when the connecting rods 93 are opened outward, the long rod 8 can be pulled outward, thereby driving the film outside the hematoma to open outward, thereby facilitating the insertion of the airbag on the occluder into the film, and observing the blood condition in the film, so that during the crushing process, if the clot or effusion in the hematoma splashes outward, an effective barrier is formed through the film outside the hematoma and the expansion component 6, further reducing the seepage of the effusion.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 6 The upper end of the sliding seat 92 is coaxially provided with a transmission seat 10, and a protrusion 912 is fixed to the upper end of the stirring rod 91. The side wall of the transmission seat 10 is provided with a sliding groove 1002 adapted to the protrusion 912, and a blocking rod 1001 is fixed to the upper end of the transmission seat 10.

[0062] A rectangular groove 82 is fixed at the lower end of the long rod 8 , and the width of the rectangular groove 82 is equal to the diameter of the blocking rod 1001 .

[0063] The transmission seat 10 is slidably installed on the outside of the stirring rod 91, and the protrusion 912 on the outside of the stirring rod 91 is inserted into the inner side of the slide groove 1002. At this time, the movement path of the transmission seat 10 is the same as the movement path of the protrusion 912. When expanding, the long rod 8 has been inserted into the inner side of the impeller 7. When stirring and crushing is required, the rectangular groove 82 at the bottom of the long rod 8 is engaged with the upper end of the blocking rod 1001, and then the long rod 8 is docked with the transmission seat 10. When the acupuncture part 911 in the crushing component 9 enters the hematoma, the doctor presses down The long rod 8 is pressed, thereby driving the transmission seat 10 and the sliding seat 92 to slide downward, so that the connecting rod 93 rotates along the hinges at both ends and unfolds around the puncture part 911. At this time, the rotating long rod 8 drives the transmission seat 10 to rotate. Since the slide groove 1002 on the transmission seat 10 and the protrusion 912 on the stirring rod 91 are engaged with each other, when the long rod 8 rotates, it will drive the transmission seat 10 and the stirring rod 91 to rotate concentrically, and then the blade 931 on the side wall of the connecting rod 93 is used to cut the blood clot in the hematoma, thereby preventing the blood clot from clogging the expansion tube 2.

[0064] Please refer to Fig.10 A positioning block 71 is fixed to the inner wall of the impeller 7, a slot 81 adapted to the positioning block 71 is opened on the lower end side wall of the long rod 8, a baffle 11 is fixed to the upper end of the slot 81, a light rod 83 is fixed between the baffle 11 and the slot 81, and an annular protrusion 84 is fixed to the upper end of the long rod 8.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 A bracket 12 is fixed to the inner wall of the upper end of the support tube 3, and a limiting hole 121 is provided on the inner side of the bracket 12. The limiting hole 121 is concentrically arranged with the through hole 51, and a stopper 122 is provided on the inner side of the limiting hole 121. A plurality of triangular protrusions 123 are arranged around the upper end surface of the bracket 12. A knob 85 is fixed to the upper end of the long rod 8, and a triangular notch 851 adapted to the triangular protrusion 123 is fixed to the lower end surface of the knob 85.

[0066] When the expansion tube 2 is expanded, the notch 81 at the lower end of the long rod 8 is inserted into the positioning block 71 on the inner wall of the impeller 7. At this time, the annular protrusion 84 is located at the upper end of the stopper 122. Since it is blocked by the stopper 122, it is convenient for the doctor to judge the insertion position of the long rod 8. At this time, the inner wall of the notch 81 fits with the side wall of the positioning block 71, and the impeller 7 is circumferentially positioned by the positioning block 71. At this time, the doctor pinches the knob 85 to rotate the long rod 8, and uses the notch 81 to push the positioning block 71 to rotate, thereby pushing the impeller 7 to rotate. When crushing, the long rod 8 is pressed downward, and the annular protrusion 84 passes through the stopper 122. At this time, the positioning block 71 passes through the notch 81 and moves to the outer wall of the light rod 83. At this time, there is no circumferential limit on the rotation of the positioning block 71. The system makes it possible for the impeller 7 to rotate after the long rod 8 is rotated, and thus the expansion component 6 will not be interfered with. When cutting the blood clot, the long rod 8 is slightly lifted upwards so that the triangular notch 851 on the long rod 8 is staggered with the triangular protrusion 123, thereby facilitating the rotation of the long rod 8. If there is a problem during the stirring process, the long rod 8 can be directly released. The triangular protrusion 123 of the long rod 8 automatically falls into the triangular notch 851 under the influence of gravity, and the long rod 8 is circumferentially fixed through the engagement of the triangular protrusion 123 and the triangular notch 851, thereby self-locking the crushing component 9. At this time, the doctor releases the long rod 8 to automatically tighten the crushing component 9 at the bottom, which is conducive to freeing the hands in time in case of an accident and facilitating quick adjustment.

[0067] Please refer to Figure 2 The obturator comprises a cannula having a transparent tip with an opaque component, an operating rod 131 and an airbag 132. The airbag 132 is fixed to the end of the operating rod 131. When the airbag 132 expands to the maximum volume, the outer wall of the airbag 132 fits the inner wall of the support tube 3. By controlling the gap between the outer wall of the airbag 132 and the inner wall of the support tube 3, the flow rate of blood in the cannula is controlled. The obturator is placed in the support tube 3, the inner side of the operating rod 131 is hollow, and a negative pressure structure is connected to the upper end of the operating rod 131. The negative pressure structure is used to send air through the operating rod 131 into the airbag 132 at the bottom end, and the gap between the inner wall of the support tube 3 and the airbag 132 is reduced by making the airbag 132 at the bottom end of the operating rod 131 expand outward, thereby controlling the blood flow rate in the support tube 3.

[0068] The cannula and obturator with a transparent tip having an opaque component provided by the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0069] When in use, first make a hole in the patient's skull, and after the tip of the cannula 1 is sent to the vicinity of the hematoma, the pull rod 102 is pulled outward to retract the tip of the cannula 1 inward, and when the tip of the cannula 1 shrinks inward, the third extension layer 101 at the bottom spreads outward to compensate for the elastic deformation of the tip of the cannula 1. At this time, the doctor needs to judge how to treat it according to the environment around the hematoma. If the volume of the hematoma is large, the long rod 8 can be inserted into the support frame 5 along the through hole 51, and the bottom of the long rod 8 can be inserted into the impeller 7 in the support frame 5. At this time, the notch 81 at the lower end of the long rod 8 is inserted into the positioning block 71 on the inner wall of the impeller 7, and the long rod 8 is rotated to drive the impeller 7 to rotate, and the impeller 7 is meshed with the gear rod 62, and the gear rod 62 is driven along the support ring. 61 and the plurality of rotating shafts 63 rotate synchronously, so that the teeth 632 on the outer side of the rotating shaft 63 mesh with the rack 64, and drive the rack 64 to move toward the end away from the support ring 61, and at the same time drive the plurality of supporting rods 65 to slide outward at the same time, and push the plurality of arc plates 22 to slide outward synchronously, so that the expansion tube 2 expands outward uniformly, and after the diameter of the expansion tube 2 increases, the second extension layer 23 folded between the arc plates 22 is driven to expand outward uniformly, thereby increasing the diameter of the expansion tube 2, and then the cannula is moved to the side close to the hematoma until the bottom of the expansion tube 2 fits with the dura mater around the hematoma, at which time the expansion tube 2 wraps the hematoma and separates the hematoma from the brain tissue around the hematoma;

[0070] If the hematoma is more viscous, a large blood clot is formed on its inner side. At this time, the long rod 8 is pressed downward to make the annular protrusion 84 pass through the block 122. At this time, the positioning block 71 passes through the slot 81 and moves to the outer wall of the light rod 83. When cutting the blood clot, the long rod 8 is slightly lifted upward to make the triangular slot 851 on the long rod 8 staggered with the triangular protrusion 123. At the same time, the long rod 8 is rotated to drive the crushing assembly 9 to rotate, and the blood clot in the hematoma is cut by the blade 931 on the side wall of the connecting rod 93. During the stirring and cutting process, the splashing of clots and effusion is blocked by the expansion tube 2. If there is a problem during the stirring process, the long rod 8 can be directly released. The long rod 8 is affected by gravity to make the triangular protrusion 123 automatically fall into the triangular slot 851, and the long rod 8 is circumferentially fixed by the engagement of the triangular protrusion 123 and the triangular slot 851, thereby self-locking the crushing assembly 9.

[0071] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0072] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present disclosure is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present disclosure. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, the present disclosure may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present disclosure to be protected.

Claims

1. A cannula having a transparent tip with an opaque component, characterized in that include: A cannula tip (1), a dilation tube (2) and a dilation assembly (6); An expansion cylinder (2) is fixed to the upper end of the cannula tip (1), and limiting grooves (21) are provided at both upper and lower ends of the expansion cylinder (2), and a support cylinder (3) is fixed to the upper end of the expansion cylinder (2), and a first extension layer (4) is fixed at the connection between the expansion cylinder (2), the cannula tip (1) and the support cylinder (3), and the first extension layer (4) is located on the inner side of the limiting groove (21), the expansion cylinder (2) comprises a plurality of arc plates (22) and a second extension layer (23), and a plurality of arc plates (22) are arranged around the cannula tip (1) and the support cylinder (3), and the second extension layer (23) is fixed to the edges of the plurality of arc plates (22); A support frame (5) is fixed to the inner wall of the support cylinder (3), an expansion assembly (6) is fixed to the inner side of the support frame (5), and an impeller (7) is arranged on the inner side of the expansion assembly (6); When the diameter of the expansion tube (2) needs to be changed, the long rod (8) is inserted into the inner side of the impeller (7), and the impeller (7) is driven to rotate by rotating the long rod (8). The rotation of the impeller (7) drives the expansion component (6) to perform an expansion action, so that the diameter of the expansion tube (2) is dynamically increased. When the diameter of the expansion tube (2) is larger than the target hematoma diameter, the outer wall of the expansion tube (2) fits with the cerebral dura mater outside the hematoma to form a sealed space. At this time, the hematoma is located in the sealed space and is isolated from the brain tissue outside by the expansion tube (2); A crushing assembly (9) is arranged inside the expansion cylinder (2).

2. The cannula having a transparent tip with an opaque component according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the first extension layer (4) and the second extension layer (23) is 1 / 3 of the support tube (3); the tip of the cannula (1) is provided with a plurality of notches (103), and a third extension layer (101) is fixed inside the notches (103).

3. The cannula having a transparent tip with an opaque component according to claim 1, characterized in that A through hole (51) penetrating the support frame (5) is provided on the inner side of the support frame (5), and a support arm (52) is provided around the outer side of the support frame (5).

4. The cannula having a transparent tip with an opaque component according to claim 1, characterized in that The expansion assembly (6) comprises a support ring (61), a gear rod (62), a rotating shaft (63), a rack (64) and a support rod (65); the support ring (61) is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the support frame (5), and a plurality of gear rods (62) are equidistantly arranged on the inner side of the support ring (61); a plurality of rotating shafts (63) are arranged around the outer side of the support ring (61), and a plurality of spiral grooves (631) are formed on the inner wall of the rotating shaft (63); a rack (64) is arranged on the outer side of each of the plurality of rotating shafts (63), and a support rod (65) is fixed to one end of the rack (64) away from the support ring (61).

5. The cannula having a transparent tip with an opaque component according to claim 4, characterized in that The impeller (7) is coaxially arranged with the through hole (51); teeth (632) are arranged around the outer wall of the rotating shaft (63); and the teeth (632) are meshed with the rack (64); the support rod (65) is slidably arranged on the inner side of the support arm (52); and one end of the support rod (65) away from the support ring (61) is fixedly connected to the arc plate (22).

6. The cannula having a transparent tip with an opaque component according to claim 1, characterized in that The crushing assembly (9) comprises a stirring rod (91), a sliding seat (92) and a connecting rod (93); the stirring rod (91) is fixed at the lower end of the support frame (5), and a pricking portion (911) is fixed at the lower end of the stirring rod (91); a sliding seat (92) is slidably arranged on the outer side of the stirring rod (91), and a plurality of connecting rods (93) are rotatably connected between the sliding seat (92) and the pricking portion (911); a blade (931) is fixed on the outer side of the farthest connecting rod (93).

7. The cannula having a transparent tip with an opaque component according to claim 6, characterized in that A transmission seat (10) is coaxially arranged at the upper end of the sliding seat (92), and a protrusion (912) is fixed to the upper end of the stirring rod (91), a sliding groove (1002) adapted to the protrusion (912) is opened on the side wall of the transmission seat (10), and a blocking rod (1001) is fixed to the upper end of the transmission seat (10), and a rectangular groove (82) is fixed to the lower end of the long rod (8), and the width of the rectangular groove (82) is equal to the diameter of the blocking rod (1001).

8. The cannula having a transparent tip with an opaque component according to claim 5, characterized in that A positioning block (71) is fixed to the inner wall of the impeller (7), a slot (81) adapted to the positioning block (71) is provided on the lower side wall of the long rod (8), a baffle (11) is fixed to the upper end of the slot (81), a light rod (83) is fixed between the baffle (11) and the slot (81), and an annular protrusion (84) is fixed to the upper end of the long rod (8).

9. The cannula having a transparent tip with an opaque component according to claim 1, characterized in that A bracket (12) is fixed to the inner wall of the upper end of the support tube (3), and a limiting hole (121) is provided on the inner side of the bracket (12), the limiting hole (121) is arranged concentrically with the through hole (51), and a stopper (122) is arranged on the inner side of the limiting hole (121), a plurality of triangular protrusions (123) are arranged around the upper end surface of the bracket (12), a knob (85) is fixed to the upper end of the long rod (8), and a triangular notch (851) adapted to the triangular protrusion (123) is fixed to the lower end surface of the knob (85).

10. An obturator, characterized in that include: According to any one of claims 1 to 9, the cannula having a transparent tip with an opaque component, the operating rod (131) and the airbag (132), the airbag (132) is fixed to the end of the operating rod (131), and when the airbag (132) is expanded to a maximum volume, the outer wall of the airbag (132) fits with the inner wall of the support tube (3), and the flow rate of blood in the cannula is controlled by controlling the gap between the outer wall of the airbag (132) and the inner wall of the support tube (3).

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