Animal carcass treatment method and device for epidemic disease prevention and control

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of waste animal carcass treatment, and particularly relates to an animal carcass treatment method and device for epidemic disease prevention and control, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, freezing dead animal carcass, and feeding the frozen dead animal carcass into a crushing section for crushing; s2, feeding the crushed meat into a drying section, firstly feeding the meat into an extrusion device, wrapping the surface of the meat with straw particles, extruding the meat wrapped with the straw particles, and then feeding the meat into a drying device to be dried by hot air; s3, the dried minced meat is fed into a chemical preparation device for high-temperature sterilization treatment, then solid-liquid separation is performed, liquid is used for industrial grease preparation, and solid is used as a fertilizer. Compared with the prior art, by arranging the drying section, the technical problems of low chemical processing efficiency and poor finished product quality caused by the fact that a minced meat dehydration process is not designed in a traditional processing process in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of waste animal carcass treatment, and in particular relates to an animal carcass treatment method and device for disease prevention and control. Background Art

[0002] In the process of vigorous development of modern intensive animal husbandry, animal disease prevention and control has always been the core link to ensure the safety of the industry. According to data, the number of livestock and poultry that die from diseases and accidents in my country exceeds 1 billion each year. If these dead animal carcasses are not properly handled, the pathogens they carry, such as foot-and-mouth disease virus, African swine fever virus, and Brucella, can survive in the environment for weeks to months, causing public health risks through food chain transmission and water pollution. At the same time, the foul-smelling gases and leachate produced by decay also pose a serious threat to the ecological environment. Therefore, establishing an efficient, safe and resource-valuable dead animal treatment technology system has become an urgent need for the sustainable development of animal husbandry.

[0003] At present, the technology for handling dead animal carcasses is mainly divided into two categories: terminal destruction and resource utilization. Among them, the drying method, as the mainstream technology for resource utilization, is widely used in large-scale processing scenarios due to its advantages of inactivating pathogens through high-temperature chemical treatment (such as the inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus at 85°C for 30 minutes) and simultaneously recovering industrial oils and organic fertilizers. The typical process path of the traditional drying method is: the dead animal carcasses are frozen and then broken into minced meat (usually the maximum length is controlled to 2-3cm), which is directly put into the chemical treatment equipment for high-temperature sterilization (130-150°C, 2-4 hours), and then the solid-liquid separation is carried out to obtain oil and solid products.

[0004] However, this process has key technical defects. The minced meat retains the complete muscle fiber structure after crushing, resulting in a moisture content of up to 60%-70% before processing, which in turn causes a series of problems:

[0005] 1. The chemical process is energy inefficient and time-consuming. Animal muscle tissue is composed of myofibrils, sarcoplasmic proteins and intercellular matrix. Water exists in the form of bound water (accounting for 30%-40%, bound to protein molecules through hydrogen bonds) and interstitial water (accounting for 50%-60%, stored in the gaps between muscle fibers and intercellular matrix). In traditional processes, minced meat enters the chemical processing equipment directly without pretreatment. A large amount of heat energy (accounting for 40%-50% of the total energy consumption) must be consumed in a high-temperature environment to evaporate water. Because the evaporation rate of water is limited by the dense structure of muscle fibers, the chemical processing time is forced to be extended, and water vapor forms condensed water in the equipment, resulting in a 15%-20% decrease in heat conduction efficiency, further exacerbating energy waste.

[0006] Second, the deterioration of product quality and the uneven distribution of residual moisture in impurities lead to serious uneven heating of minced meat during the chemical process: the area with high moisture content absorbs heat due to water evaporation, and the heating time needs to be extended to reach the effective sterilization temperature, while the surface tissue with low moisture content undergoes protein carbonization due to local overheating (over 180°C), forming charred products. Studies have shown that the charred content in solid fertilizers produced by traditional processes can reach 15%-20%, which not only causes the loss rate of effective nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus to exceed 10%, but may also generate harmful substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, affecting the safety of fertilizers; at the same time, the charred debris is mixed into the separated oil, making it more difficult to remove impurities during the refining process of industrial oils, resulting in an increase in purification energy consumption of more than 25%, and the risk of excessive acid value and impurity content in the finished oil is significantly increased.

[0007] 3. Risk of incomplete pathogen inactivation The "low temperature wet zone" formed inside the high-moisture minced meat may result in the inability to completely kill some heat-resistant pathogens (such as anthrax spores that need to be inactivated at 140°C for 3 minutes). For example, at the conventional temperature (135°C), the time it takes for the center of minced meat with a moisture content of 60% to reach the effective sterilization temperature is 20-30 minutes later than the surface. If the accuracy of the equipment temperature control system is insufficient, it is very easy to form a sterilization blind spot, burying the hidden danger of disease transmission.

[0008] 4. Increased equipment loss and maintenance costs. The high-humidity steam generated during the chemical process contacts the inner wall of the equipment for a long time, causing intergranular corrosion of stainless steel materials, especially welds and sealing components, with a corrosion rate 3-5 times faster than in a dry environment. According to statistics, the maintenance frequency of traditional drying equipment due to corrosion is 2-3 years earlier than the design life, and the average annual maintenance cost increases by 20%-30%. In the prior art, although there are attempts to reduce the moisture content of minced meat by pre-drying, such methods only target free water on the surface and do not solve the problem of water binding inside muscle fibers. The fundamental reason lies in the lack of physical structure destruction and water migration regulation of minced meat-the hydrogen bonding between muscle fibers and the binding force of interstitial water are not broken, resulting in limited pretreatment effects.

[0009] In summary, the prior art has technical problems such as poor chemical processing effect, low efficiency and poor quality of finished products due to the fact that the traditional processing technology does not include a process for dehydrating minced meat. Summary of the invention

[0010] The present invention aims to provide a method and device for processing animal carcasses for disease prevention and control, which is mainly used to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, such as poor chemical processing effect, low efficiency and poor quality of finished products, caused by the lack of a process for dehydrating minced meat in the traditional processing process.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0012] A method for processing animal carcasses for disease prevention and control, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1: The dead animal carcasses are frozen and then sent to the crushing section for crushing;

[0014] S2: The crushed minced meat is sent to a drying section, where the minced meat is first sent to an extrusion device to wrap the surface of the minced meat with straw particles and the minced meat wrapped with the straw particles is extruded, and then sent to a drying device to be dried by hot air;

[0015] S3: The dried minced meat is sent to the chemical processing equipment for high-temperature sterilization, and then the solid-liquid separation is carried out. The liquid is used for the production of industrial oils and fats, and the solid is used as fertilizer.

[0016] Preferably, in step S1, the maximum length of the minced meat after crushing is less than 1-2 cm.

[0017] Preferably, the hot air in the drying device comes from the exhaust gas in the chemical processing equipment.

[0018] Preferably, the mass ratio of the straw particles to the minced meat is 1:1.3-1.5.

[0019] Preferably, the extrusion device includes a first shell, a feed port is provided on the upper surface of the first shell, a discharge port is provided at one end of the first shell away from the feed port, a screw is rotatably connected inside the first shell, the screw includes a rotating shaft and a spiral blade spirally fixed on the outer surface of the screw, and the diameter of the rotating shaft gradually increases from the direction of the feed port toward the direction of the discharge port.

[0020] Preferably, a feed hopper is provided at the feed inlet of the first shell, and a minced meat feed inlet and a straw particle feed inlet are provided at the upper end of the feed hopper.

[0021] Preferably, a plurality of protrusions which do not interfere with the spiral blades are distributed inside the first shell.

[0022] Preferably, the discharge port of the first shell is connected to a drying device, and the drying device comprises a second shell, wherein an inclined guide plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the interior of the second shell, and a plurality of ridges are distributed on the guide plate; and a vibrator is arranged outside the second shell.

[0023] Preferably, the drying device is sealed and connected to the discharge port of the first shell via a rubber ring.

[0024] Preferably, an air inlet is provided at one end of the second shell away from the first shell, and an air outlet is provided at one end of the second shell close to the first shell; the chemical treatment equipment is provided with an exhaust gas discharge port, and the air inlet is connected to the exhaust gas discharge port.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this program are as follows:

[0026] 1. Mix the minced meat and straw particles and subject them to a certain extrusion process, so that the moisture in the gaps between the muscle fibers can be squeezed out and immediately absorbed by the straw particles to prevent the moisture from flowing back into the muscle fibers; when the mixture of minced meat and straw particles enters the drying device, because the moisture in the minced meat is fully dispersed in the gaps between the straw particles, the moisture is more easily evaporated in the air after being blown by hot air, which further reduces the moisture content in the minced meat, reduces the pressure of the chemical processing device on the high-temperature treatment of the minced meat, saves energy, and enables the chemical processing device to heat the minced meat more evenly, prevents the final output of too much solid charred products, and improves the quality of the fertilizer; at the same time, the straw particles mixed in the minced meat are converted into wood ash after incineration, which can also increase the potassium content in the final fertilizer.

[0027] 2. In this scheme, the drying heat source in the drying device comes from the tail gas of the chemical processing device, and the heat energy in the exhaust gas is reused to achieve the effect of saving energy.

[0028] 3. During the drying process, the vibration of the vibrator drives the material to slide down. During the sliding process, the material is dispersed by the convex ridges, so that the material is in full contact with the hot air, improving the drying effect.

[0029] 4. The unique design of the screw produces a certain extrusion effect during the transportation of the material in the extrusion device, so that the moisture in the minced meat fibers is squeezed out and absorbed by the straw particles.

[0030] 5. The mixture of minced meat and straw particles contacts the protrusions on the inner wall of the first shell during transmission in the extrusion device. The protrusions stir the materials, making the minced meat and straw particles mixed more evenly. In the subsequent extrusion process, the moisture in the minced meat can be more fully absorbed by the straw particles.

[0031] 6. Usually, minced meat is directly crushed without being thawed after coming out of the cold storage, and then sent to the processing equipment. Although the minced meat is gradually thawed during the transmission process, the temperature of the minced meat entering the processing equipment is still low, resulting in a long heating time for the minced meat. In this scheme, the minced meat is dried by a drying device, and the temperature of the minced meat entering the processing equipment is also increased, thereby avoiding the occurrence of the above problems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. In all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a method and device for handling animal carcasses for disease prevention and control according to the patent of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional stereoscopic diagram of a method and device for handling animal carcasses for disease prevention and control according to the patent of the present invention.

[0035] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: a first shell 11, a feed port 111, a discharge port 112, a minced meat feed port 121, a straw particle feed port 122, a motor 13, a belt 14, a transmission wheel 15, a rotating shaft 16, a spiral blade 17, a bump 18, a second shell 21, an air inlet 22, an air outlet 23, an observation window 24, a guide plate 25, a ridge 26, a chemical processing equipment 3, a conduit 31, a rubber ring 4, and a bracket 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "top", "bottom", "top surface", "bottom surface", "inside", "outside", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood to include the number itself. If the terms "first", "second", "third" are described, they are only used for the purpose of description and distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The following is an explanation of the embodiments of the present invention based on its overall structure.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, in order to reduce the moisture content of the minced meat entering the processing device and avoid the problem of low processing efficiency and low product quality of the processing equipment 3 due to the moisture content, the following technical solutions are proposed:

[0041] A method for processing animal carcasses for disease prevention and control, comprising the following steps:

[0042] S1: The dead animal carcasses are frozen and then sent to the crushing section for crushing. The maximum length of the crushed meat is less than 1 cm, which is convenient for the water in the minced meat to flow out and shortens the time for subsequent chemical processing;

[0043] S2: The crushed minced meat is sent to a drying section, where the minced meat is first sent to an extrusion device to wrap the surface of the minced meat with straw particles and squeeze the minced meat wrapped with straw particles to absorb moisture between muscle fibers, and then sent to a drying device to dry with hot air to promote the temperature of the minced meat to rise and the evaporation of moisture;

[0044] The straw pellets were processed as follows before being mixed with the minced meat:

[0045] S21: preferably corn stalks, and crushing the corn stalks into particles with a particle size of about 2 mm;

[0046] S22: Spread the straw particles in a wooden drying tray with a thickness of 0.5-1 cm, and cover the surface of the drying tray with gauze to prevent the straw particles from growing, and collect them for use after natural drying for 3-5 days;

[0047] S3: The dried minced meat is sent to the chemical processing equipment 3 for high temperature sterilization, and then solid-liquid separation is performed. The liquid is used for the production of industrial oils and fats, and the solid is used as fertilizer.

[0048] The extrusion device used is placed on the bracket 5 to create a height difference with the drying device and the chemical processing equipment 3, and the transmission process is mostly carried out by gravity to save energy. The extrusion device includes a first shell 11, and a feed port 111 is provided on the upper surface of the first shell 11, and a discharge port 112 is provided at one end of the first shell 11 away from the feed port 111.

[0049] A feed hopper is provided above the feed inlet 111 , and a minced meat feed inlet 121 and a straw particle feed inlet 122 are provided above the feed hopper. The minced meat and the straw particles enter the extrusion device from the minced meat feed inlet 121 and the straw particle feed inlet 122 , respectively.

[0050] A motor 13 is fixed on the bracket 5, and a transmission wheel 15 is provided at one end of the first shell 11. The transmission wheel and the output end of the motor 13 are synchronously driven through a belt 14. A screw is coaxially fixedly connected to the middle of the transmission wheel 15, and both ends of the screw are rotatably connected to the first shell 11 through bearings.

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, the screw includes a rotating shaft 16 fixedly connected to the transmission wheel 15, and a spiral blade 17 spirally fixed on the outer surface of the screw, and the diameter of the rotating shaft 16 gradually expands from the direction of the feed port 111 to the direction of the discharge port 112. During the spiral rotation, the spiral blade 17 and the first shell 11 use friction to continuously transport the minced meat toward the discharge port 112. At the same time, because the diameter of the screw gradually expands, the screw and the first shell 11 continuously squeeze the minced meat, squeeze out the moisture in the minced meat fibers and quickly absorb it by the straw particles. In some embodiments, in order to match the minced meat processing volume and shorten the equipment size according to the installation environment, the blade pitch can be gradually reduced from the direction of the feed port 111 to the direction of the discharge port 112 to achieve a rapid squeezing effect.

[0052] A plurality of protrusions 18 are spirally distributed in the first shell 11. The protrusions 18 are in the shape of triangular pyramids. The spiral distribution of the protrusions 18 matches the spiral distribution of the blades. The blades do not interfere with the protrusions 18 during rotation. The protrusions 18 stir the minced meat during transmission so that the minced meat and the straw particles are mixed more evenly. In the subsequent extrusion process, the moisture in the minced meat is fully absorbed. The protrusions 18 are in the shape of triangular pyramids.

[0053] The discharge port 112 of the first housing 11 is connected with a rubber ring 4 , and the rubber ring 4 is connected with a drying device, that is, the extrusion device and the drying device are sealed and connected via the rubber ring 4 .

[0054] like Figure 1As shown, the drying device includes a second shell 21, and the second shell 21 is fixedly connected to the bracket 5 through a spring. An inclined guide plate 25 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the second shell 21, and a plurality of ridges 26 are distributed on the guide plate 25; a vibrator is arranged outside the second shell 21. When the mixed material is discharged from the discharge port 112 of the extrusion device and enters the drying device, the material slides down along the guide plate 25 under the vibration of the vibrator, and after passing through the ridges 26, the clumped material is evenly dispersed on the guide plate 25. The ridges 26 are arranged in an "S" shape, which can increase the contact area with the material and make the dispersion effect better. At the same time, the purpose of setting the rubber ring 4 in this scheme is to avoid resonance between the drying device and the extrusion device and damage the extrusion device.

[0055] Observation windows 24 are provided on both sides of the second housing 21 to facilitate observation of the distribution of the minced meat inside the drying device.

[0056] The downstream of the drying device is connected to the chemical processing equipment 3, and the dried mixed material enters the chemical processing equipment 3 for high-temperature treatment. The drying device and the chemical processing equipment 3 are also connected by a rubber ring 4 to prevent the drying device from causing the chemical processing equipment 3 to resonate and damage the chemical processing equipment 3.

[0057] The downstream top of the second shell 21 is provided with an air inlet 22, and the upstream top is provided with an air outlet 23. The chemical processing equipment 3 generates a large amount of waste heat during operation. In the traditional process, these waste heat gases are directly discharged after entering the tail gas treatment equipment for filtering treatment. In this scheme, the waste gas discharge port of the chemical processing equipment 3 is connected with the air inlet 22 of the drying device through the conduit 31, and the hot tail gas of the treatment process is passed into the drying device. When the hot air enters the second shell 21 from the air inlet 22, the mixed material is dried by hot air, and at the same time, the minced meat that is about to enter the chemical processing equipment 3 downstream of the drying device is heated, and then discharged from the air outlet 23 and enters the tail gas treatment equipment for filtering treatment, and the port of the air outlet 23 is covered with a filter screen to prevent straw particles from entering and polluting the tail gas treatment device; this scheme fully utilizes the waste heat in the tail gas, on the one hand, dries the moisture in the minced meat, and on the other hand, increases the temperature of the minced meat, so as to prevent the low temperature and high water content minced meat from causing low processing efficiency of the chemical processing equipment 3 and low quality of industrial oils and fertilizers produced by the tail materials.

[0058] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of explanation and illustration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is obvious that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, this specific embodiment is only an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the invention. The specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can make modifications, substitutions, variations and various selections and changes to the embodiments without creative contribution as needed without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention after reading this specification, but they are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating animal carcasses for disease prevention and control, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: The dead animal carcasses are frozen and then sent to the crushing section for crushing; S2: The crushed minced meat is sent to a drying section, where the minced meat is first sent to an extrusion device to wrap the surface of the minced meat with straw particles and the minced meat wrapped with the straw particles is extruded, and then sent to a drying device to be dried by hot air; S3: The dried minced meat is sent to the chemical processing equipment for high-temperature sterilization, and then the solid-liquid separation is carried out. The liquid is used for the production of industrial oils and fats, and the solid is used as fertilizer.

2. The method for treating animal carcasses for disease prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the maximum length of the minced meat after crushing is less than 1-2 cm.

3. The method for treating animal carcasses for disease prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air in the drying device comes from the waste gas in the chemical processing equipment.

4. The method for treating animal carcasses for disease prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the straw particles to the minced meat is 1:1.3-1.

5.

5. An animal carcass processing device for disease prevention and control, applied to the animal carcass processing method for disease prevention and control as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion device includes a first shell, a feed port is provided on the upper surface of the first shell, a discharge port is provided at one end of the first shell away from the feed port, a screw is rotatably connected inside the first shell, the screw includes a rotating shaft and a spiral blade spirally fixed on the outer surface of the screw, and the diameter of the rotating shaft gradually increases from the direction of the feed port toward the direction of the discharge port.

6. The animal carcass processing device for disease prevention and control according to claim 5, characterized in that: A feed hopper is arranged at the feed inlet of the first shell, and a minced meat feed inlet and a straw particle feed inlet are arranged at the upper end of the feed hopper.

7. The animal carcass processing device for disease prevention and control according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of protrusions which do not interfere with the spiral blades are distributed inside the first shell.

8. The animal carcass processing device for disease prevention and control according to claim 7, characterized in that: The discharge port of the first shell is connected to the drying device, and the drying device includes a second shell. An inclined guide plate is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the second shell, and a plurality of convex ridges are distributed on the guide plate. A vibrator is arranged outside the second shell.

9. The animal carcass processing device for disease prevention and control according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drying device is sealed and connected to the discharge port of the first shell via a rubber ring.

10. The animal carcass processing device for disease prevention and control according to claim 9, characterized in that: An air inlet is arranged at one end of the second shell away from the first shell, and an air outlet is arranged at one end of the second shell close to the first shell; the chemical treatment equipment is provided with an exhaust gas discharge port, and the air inlet is communicated with the exhaust gas discharge port.

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