Low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation vibration isolation device

Abstract

The application discloses a low-clearance ergonomics multi-direction energy dissipation type vibration reduction and isolation device, which utilizes dampers to dissipate vibration energy of an input structure, thereby reducing vibration response of the structure. The device is provided with a triangular arm with an inclination angle of 20° to meet the requirement of low clearance. The triangular arm is designed by referring to the characteristics of human trunk skeleton and muscles for vibration reduction, effectively decomposes vibration into horizontal and vertical vibrations, and dissipates horizontal vibration through viscous dampers, springs, rubber flat supports and the like to achieve the vibration reduction purpose. Vertical vibration is transmitted to the rubber flat support through the triangular arm for vibration reduction and isolation, and vibration energy is transmitted to the outside. The spring and the viscous damper are arranged in parallel in the device, and the vibration reduction effect and damping effect are much greater than the series connection mode commonly used in the industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention is used in the field of vibration and noise control of rail transit, and is specifically a low-headroom, ergonomic, energy-consuming vibration reduction and isolation device that reduces and isolates vibration by converting the vibration direction. Background Art

[0002] Rail transit refers to a type of transportation or transport system in which vehicles travel on specific tracks, including subways, light rail, and railway systems. However, during actual vehicle operation, varying degrees of vibration and noise are generated. Vertical vibration poses the greatest threat to railway systems and poses the greatest risk of damage.

[0003] Most existing vibration reduction measures in rail transit utilize a mass-spring system, converting vibration energy into vibrations in the track slab, sleepers, and trackbed. This principle can be described as "breaking a large stone on the chest": the larger the "stone" used for vibration reduction (i.e., the higher the mass of the vibration reference), the greater the vibration reduction effect. This approach results in rail transit structural components relying on increased size and mass for vibration reduction, resulting in bulky and heavy components. This leads to uneconomical construction, poor appearance, and even poor vibration reduction effectiveness.

[0004] The vibration reduction theory of the mass-spring system can be described by an energy formula: E in =E m,k +E c (1)

[0005] (1) Where, E in is the total energy input into the structure by vibration; E m,k is the sum of the kinetic energy and elastic potential energy of the structure; E c is the self-damping energy dissipation of the structure.

[0006] In the existing rail transit vibration reduction practices, these mainstream products, whether it is steel spring floating plate, vibration damping pad floating plate, or fastener vibration reduction, all use the mass-spring system to reduce vibration, that is, mainly through E m,k The vibration of the "mass" (track plate or sleeper and spring) is used to reduce vibration. Although the system contains a certain amount of damping material, its damping ratio is about 0.03~0.05, that is, its vibration reduction effect E c It is about 5%, and its role in the entire vibration reduction system is very limited. 95% of the vibration reduction still depends on the kinetic energy and vibration of the structural mass and spring deformation.

[0007] Therefore, a damping energy dissipation vibration isolation device is researched, damping is increased, and vibration isolation measures of an effective non-transmission boundary are adopted to reduce the size and weight of a track structure, and the damping effect is further increased to attenuate the structure vibration, avoid the increased technical difficulty and economic cost due to the increased structure vibration mass, and therefore the technology and economy are more reasonable. The damping energy dissipation system is added to enable the damping energy dissipation part to achieve a damping effect of 30-40%, and the damping effect of the entire system is significantly increased.

[0008] In addition, considering the special requirement of low clearance in rail transit, the vibration is also converted in the damping energy dissipation process to facilitate installation in a predetermined space.

[0009] Therefore, the damping energy dissipation vibration isolation device is researched to design a new damping energy dissipation vibration isolation device to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0010] In order to overcome the above problems, a low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional damping energy dissipation vibration isolation device is designed. The device uses dampers to dissipate the vibration energy of the input structure to reduce the vibration response of the structure. A triangular arm is arranged in the device, and the inclination angle of the triangular arm is 15-25° to meet the requirement of low clearance. The triangular arm is designed by referring to the characteristics of the human torso skeleton and muscles to effectively decompose the vibration into horizontal and vertical vibrations. The horizontal vibration is dissipated by viscous dampers, springs, rubber flat supports, etc. to achieve the damping purpose. The vertical vibration is transmitted to the rubber flat support through the triangular arm to achieve vibration isolation and transfer vibration energy to the outside. The spring and viscous damper in the device are connected in parallel, and the damping effect and damping effect are much larger than the series connection method commonly used in the industry, thereby completing the application.

[0011] Specifically, the purpose of the present application is to provide a low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional damping energy dissipation vibration isolation device. The vibration isolation device is arranged below the trapezoidal sleeper or track plate to buffer and consume the vibration on the trapezoidal sleeper or track plate.

[0012] The vibration isolation device comprises a top plate 1 and a base 2. A support rod 3 and a viscous damper 4 are arranged between the top plate 1 and the base 2.

[0013] The support rod 3 is arranged obliquely to decompose and convert the vibration on the trapezoidal sleeper into horizontal and vertical vibrations.

[0014] The viscous damper 4 is used to convert vibration into heat and dissipate it.

[0015] The base 2 comprises a plurality of rubber flat supports which are independent of each other.

[0016] The rubber flat support is combined by alternately stacking multiple layers of rubber and multiple layers of steel plate.

[0017] The top end of the support rod 3 is hinged to the top plate 1,

[0018] The bottom end of the support rod 3 is hinged to the base 2, and one support rod 3 is hinged to each rubber flat support.

[0019] The two support rods 3 form a triangular arm.

[0020] In the triangular arm, the top ends of the two support rods 3 are hinged to the same hinge seat of the top plate 1, and the inclination directions of the two support rods 3 are opposite.

[0021] The bottom ends of the two support rods 3 are hinged to the two bases 2, and the two bases 2 are divided into front and rear bases according to the arrangement direction.

[0022] The top of the vertically arranged rubber flat support has a horizontal degree of freedom.

[0023] When the top plate 1 is subjected to force vibration, the inclination angles of the two support rods 3 in the triangular arm fluctuate, so that the hinge seats on the front and rear bases are close to or away from each other.

[0024] The front bases of the two triangular arms are connected by a front rotating shaft 5, and the rear bases of the two triangular arms are connected by a rear rotating shaft 6.

[0025] The viscous damper 4 is connected between the front rotating shaft 5 and the rear rotating shaft 6.

[0026] One end of the viscous damper 4 is hinged to the front rotating shaft 5, and the other end is hinged to the rear rotating shaft 6.

[0027] A spring 7 is provided outside the viscous damper 4, which limits the length change of the viscous damper 4 and restores the length of the viscous damper 4 after the length change.

[0028] The included angle between the support rod 3 and the horizontal direction is 15-25°.

[0029] The top plate 1 is installed and fixed below the trapezoidal sleeper or track plate, the base 2 is pre-buried and installed on the track bed, and the gap height between the trapezoidal sleeper or track plate and the track bed is below 200mm.

[0030] The viscous damper 4 is inclined and arranged, and the viscous damper 4 is used as a support rod, so that the top end of the viscous damper 4 is hinged to the top plate 1, and the bottom end of the viscous damper 4 is hinged to the base 2.

[0031] At least four viscous dampers 4 are arranged in the vibration isolation and reduction device, and the tilt directions are different;

[0032] A spring 7 is arranged outside the viscous damper 4, or arranged between the top plate 1 and the base 2, so as to limit the length change of the viscous damper 4 and restore the length of the viscous damper 4 after the length change.

[0033] The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation and reduction device has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] (1) The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation and reduction device can change the vibration reduction direction and achieve the low-clearance target. Specifically, the vertical vibration is decomposed into a horizontal component and a vertical component by the triangular arm, the horizontal component is dissipated by the spring-damper, the horizontal and vertical vibrations are simultaneously suppressed, the limitation of single direction control of the traditional vibration isolation and reduction device is broken, and the low-clearance target is achieved.

[0035] (2) The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation and reduction device can provide multiple vibration reduction modes, mainly energy dissipation, and greatly improve the vibration reduction effect. The horizontal vibration energy is converted into heat dissipation by the viscous damper, and the spring stores the deformation potential energy. The vertical vibration is elastically transmitted by the rubber vibration isolation support, and the horizontal vibration transmission is blocked, forming a double mechanism of energy dissipation and vibration isolation.

[0036] (3) The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation and reduction device is provided with viscous dampers, which can quickly respond to high-frequency vibration, and the damping ratio is as high as 20-30%, which significantly improves the efficiency of converting vibration energy into heat energy. The device is also provided with high-stiffness springs in parallel with the dampers, which can not only buffer impact load, but also release potential energy through reciprocating motion to prolong the energy dissipation time of the system.

[0037] (4) The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation and reduction device has reliable structure and strong durability. The top plate made of steel plate provides high-strength support and excellent fatigue resistance. The rubber flat support containing natural rubber is used as the base, which has excellent anti-aging and anti-shear deformation ability and long service life. Moreover, the device can be designed in a modular manner, and the device size is compact (400x400x200mm), which can be pre-embedded and installed, facilitating standardized production and rapid construction and installation.

[0038] (5) The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation and reduction device is suitable for rail transit engineering: it can suppress the vibration caused by rail vehicles and reduce the vibration pollution of the surrounding environment caused by the operation of rail vehicles; by reducing the structural vibration damage, the long-term maintenance cost is reduced, and the service life of the building or equipment is prolonged.

[0039] (6) The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device provided by the present application has flexible parameters, wherein the key parameters such as spring stiffness (3-5 KN / mm) and rubber flat support horizontal stiffness (0.2-0.5 KN / mm) are adjustable, and the requirements of different rail transit sections for load frequency can be met; the parallel layout (diameter 35mm / 45mm) of the damper and the spring takes into account the space utilization and performance adaptation, and can be optimized and configured according to specific scenes;

[0040] (7) The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device provided by the present application is environmentally friendly, and the rubber flat support and the steel material can be recycled, which meets the green building concept; by reducing vibration transmission, noise pollution is reduced, and the living and transportation environment is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of the low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device provided by the present application is shown when the device is installed below the trapezoidal rail sleeper;

[0042] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device provided by the present application is shown;

[0043] Figure 3 An explosion schematic diagram of the low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device provided by the present application is shown;

[0044] Figure 4 A structure schematic diagram of the rubber flat support in the low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device provided by the present application is shown;

[0045] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another structure form in the low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device provided by the present application is shown;

[0046] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another structure form in the low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device provided by the present application is shown.

[0047] REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0048] 1-top plate, 2-base, 21-upper steel plate, 22-lower steel plate, 3-supporting rod, 4-viscous damper, 41-steel shell, 42-front connecting rod, 43-rear connecting rod, 44-front baffle, 45-rear baffle, 5-front rotating shaft, 6-rear rotating shaft, 7-spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The features and advantages of the application will become more apparent from these descriptions.

[0050] The term "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any implementation described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. Unless specifically indicated otherwise, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0051] The application provides a low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy-consuming vibration isolation and reduction device, which is arranged below a ladder-shaped sleeper or a track slab to buffer and consume the vibration on the ladder-shaped sleeper or the track slab, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 .

[0052] The vibration isolation and reduction device comprises a top plate 1 and a base 2, and a support rod 3 and a viscous damper 4 are arranged between the top plate 1 and the base 2.

[0053] The support rod 3 is arranged obliquely to decompose and convert the vibration on the ladder-shaped sleeper into horizontal vibration and vertical vibration.

[0054] The viscous damper 4 is used to convert the vibration into heat and dissipate it.

[0055] Preferably, the top plate 1 is made of a Q235 steel plate with a thickness of 20 mm and can be embedded in the ladder-shaped sleeper or the track slab. The top plate 1 can be sized as 400*400 mm, the four edges are bent to form side walls with a height of 200 mm, and the whole is in a box shape. After welding forming, the welds are polished.

[0056] Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 , two steel shafts are symmetrically welded on the bottom surface of the top plate 1. The steel shafts have a diameter of 30 mm and a length of 80 mm, the axes of the steel shafts are parallel, and the spacing is designed according to the installation requirements of the triangular arm, and is more preferably about 300 mm.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the base 2 comprises a plurality of rubber flat supports which are independent of each other.

[0058] The rubber flat supports are combined by alternately stacking multiple layers of rubber and multiple layers of steel plates.

[0059] Preferably, the rubber flat plate support comprises 20 layers of 3mm-thick natural rubber sheets and 1.5mm-thick Q235 steel plates alternately stacked, wherein the layer structure at the topmost layer and the layer structure at the bottommost layer are both steel plates, which are the upper steel plate 21 and the lower steel plate 22 respectively, and the cross-sectional size of the upper steel plate and the lower steel plate is larger than that of the other layer structures; preferably, the total height of the rubber flat plate support is 40mm; the rubber flat plate support is cured and formed in a vulcanizing machine under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, preferably 150℃ and 10MPa, so that the rubber and the steel plates are tightly combined; an anti-aging coating is coated on the surface of the rubber flat plate support, and a stainless steel protective layer is wrapped around the edges.

[0060] After the rubber flat plate support is processed, performance testing is required, i.e., the horizontal equivalent stiffness and the damping ratio are detected to ensure that the horizontal equivalent stiffness reaches 0.2-0.5KN / mm and the damping ratio reaches 20-30%, and unqualified products are removed.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the top end of the support rod 3 is hinged to the top plate 1,

[0062] The bottom end of the support rod 3 is hinged to the base 2, and one support rod 3 is hinged to each rubber flat plate support.

[0063] Preferably, the two support rods 3 form a triangular arm as a group;

[0064] In the triangular arm, the top ends of the two support rods 3 are hinged to the same hinge seat of the top plate 1, and the inclination directions of the two support rods 3 are opposite;

[0065] The bottom ends of the two support rods 3 are hinged to two bases 2, and the two bases 2 are divided into front and rear bases according to the arrangement orientation.

[0066] Preferably, the support rod 3 is made of a 20×20mm square steel bar with a length of 250mm, and a rotating shaft connecting hole is processed at each end, with a hole diameter matching the rotating shaft and a tolerance of ±0.1mm.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the top part of the vertically arranged rubber flat plate support has a horizontal degree of freedom;

[0068] When the top plate 1 is subjected to force vibration, the inclination angles of the two support rods 3 in the triangular arm fluctuate, so that the hinge seat on the front base and the hinge seat on the rear base move closer to or farther away from each other.

[0069] The front rotating shaft 5 is connected between the front bases of the two triangular arms, and the rear rotating shaft 6 is connected between the rear bases of the two triangular arms.

[0070] The viscous damper 4 is connected between the front rotating shaft 5 and the rear rotating shaft 6.

[0071] Preferably, the viscous damper 4 adopts a Maxwell-type viscous damper as shown in Figure 4 The steel shell 41 of the viscous damper has a diameter of 35 mm, is filled with high-viscosity silicon-based damping liquid inside, and is provided with a piston rod with a stroke of ±50 mm; the outside is provided with a front connecting rod 42 and a rear connecting rod 43, the front connecting rod 42 is connected with the steel shell 41, and the rear connecting rod 43 is connected with the piston rod; the total length of the viscous damper including the connecting rods is 200 mm.

[0072] Preferably, a front baffle 44 capable of moving together with the front connecting rod 42 is arranged on the front connecting rod 42, and a rear baffle 45 capable of moving together with the rear connecting rod 43 is arranged on the rear connecting rod 43.

[0073] Preferably, the damping characteristics of the viscous damper are related to the loading frequency, so it is usually called a speed-dependent damper. The viscous fluid damper is generally composed of a cylinder filled with high-viscosity fluid and a moving piston. When the piston reciprocates in the cylinder, it forces the high-viscosity fluid to flow from one end of the piston to the other end, thereby dissipating the energy of structural vibration and achieving structural energy dissipation and vibration reduction. The energy dissipation part can increase the proportion of vibration reduction effect by 30-50%, and the vibration reduction effect is very significant.

[0074] In a preferred embodiment, one end of the viscous damper 4 is hinged to the front rotating shaft 5, and the other end is hinged to the rear rotating shaft 6.

[0075] A spring 7 is arranged outside the viscous damper 4, which limits the length change of the viscous damper 4 and restores the length of the viscous damper 4 after the length change. The spring 7 can store elastic potential energy and also has a vibration reduction effect.

[0076] Preferably, the spring 7 is a spiral compression spring with an outer diameter of 45 mm and a stiffness of 3-5 KN / mm, which is arranged outside the damper. The spring and the damper are coaxially installed, and the two ends are fixed with locking nuts to ensure that they move synchronously in the horizontal direction.

[0077] Preferably, the spring is arranged between the front baffle 44 and the rear baffle 45; one end of the spring 7 is fixed to the front baffle 44, and the other end of the spring 7 is fixed to the rear baffle 45. Such arrangement makes the spring 7 and the viscous damper 4 parallel to each other, and the vibration reduction effect is much greater than the commonly used series connection method.

[0078] Specifically, most of the current isolation and vibration reduction devices are in series with springs and viscous dampers, that is, springs and viscous dampers are installed in different parts of the device, rather than being wrapped outside the viscous group damper (in parallel). But according to theoretical analysis: in parallel, the displacement of the spring and the damper is the same, while the force is the sum of the two; while in series, the force of the two is the same, and the displacement is added. This may mean that in parallel, the stiffness and damping of the system work together, while in series, they may independently affect the system response.

[0079] For a single degree of freedom system, assume that the mass is connected by a spring and a damper. If it is in series, the equivalent stiffness and damping coefficient of the combination may need to be reanalyzed. For example, the equivalent stiffness after series connection may be lower, and the equivalent damping may also be different, but specific calculation requires more detailed analysis. When in parallel, the damper will generate a larger damping force under the same displacement, thus dissipating more energy. When in series, the displacement of the damper may be smaller, resulting in less energy dissipation. Therefore, the damping effect of parallel connection is more significant.

[0080] When the spring and damper are in parallel, the damping ratio of the system increases, resulting in a lower resonance peak, a wider frequency band, and better vibration reduction effect. In the case of series connection, the stiffness of the system may decrease, resulting in a lower natural frequency, but the damping ratio may not be as high as in parallel, so the vibration reduction effect in the high frequency region may not be as good as in parallel.

[0081] In addition, the transmissibility in the two configurations needs to be considered. For example, in a vibration isolation system, parallel connection of spring and damper can provide better damping near the resonance frequency, reducing the transmissibility peak, while series connection cannot effectively suppress resonance. In the case of parallel connection, the equivalent damping coefficient is c, and the stiffness is k. In the case of series connection, the equivalent stiffness and damping need to be calculated according to the series connection formula, and the equivalent damping coefficient will be smaller, resulting in a lower damping ratio, thus weakening the damping effect.

[0082] Such a system has a more complex frequency response, with lower stiffness at low frequencies and poorer damping effect at high frequencies. Therefore, compared with parallel connection, the damping effect of series connection is not as good as parallel connection.

[0083] Advantages of parallel connection:

[0084] 1. Higher damping ratio: In parallel, the damping coefficient c directly participates in the motion equation, significantly improving the damping ratio ζ, thus faster damping of vibration energy;

[0085] 2. Suppress resonance peak: Near the resonance frequency, parallel connection can effectively reduce the amplitude and widen the working frequency band of the system;

[0086] 3. Energy dissipation efficiency: The damper and spring move synchronously, directly responding to the speed, maximizing energy dissipation.

[0087] Limitations of series connection:

[0088] 1. Equivalent damping reduction: The displacement of the damper and the spring is separated in series connection, resulting in a decrease in the equivalent damping coefficient and a decrease in energy dissipation efficiency;

[0089] 2. Stiffness softening: The equivalent stiffness is reduced at low frequencies, which may make the system closer to the resonance region, thereby worsening the vibration response;

[0090] 3. Complex dynamic coupling: The dynamic characteristics of the series connection system are affected by time or frequency, making it difficult to stabilize and control;

[0091] Therefore, the vibration reduction effect of the parallel connection of the spring and the viscous damper in the present application is much better than that of the series connection, the main reason being:

[0092] When connected in parallel, the damping directly acts on the system speed, and energy dissipation is more efficient;

[0093] Parallel connection provides a higher damping ratio, significantly suppressing the resonance peak;

[0094] The equivalent stiffness and damping of the series connection system are reduced, resulting in a deterioration of the dynamic response.

[0095] Through the above theoretical analysis, in the vibration control of rail transit, the parallel connection of the speed-dependent viscous damper and the spring can significantly improve the vibration reduction and energy dissipation effect compared to the traditional low-damping pure mass-spring system.

[0096] The traditional mass-spring system may refer to a foundation vibration isolation system, which is usually composed of a spring (or elastic element) and a mass block, and is used to reduce vibration transmission. Such a system has small damping, such as steel spring floating slab and rubber pad vibration isolation, which contains a small amount of material damping, but the damping ratio is usually less than 5%. This system mainly relies on the elastic deformation of the spring to store and release energy.

[0097] In the traditional mass-spring system, the natural frequency is near , the theoretical amplitude of the system response tends to infinity, but it is still high due to the limitation of material damping; the energy accumulation: the external excitation energy (such as track irregularities and wheel-rail impact) is continuously input, causing vibration to be transmitted to the surrounding structure (such as the track base and the building), resulting in noise and fatigue damage; in actual engineering: the traditional steel spring floating slab and rubber pad vibration isolation track, although containing a small amount of material damping, the damping ratio is usually less than 5%, and the resonance suppression ability is limited, with an actual measured vibration attenuation of only 15%~20%, and high-frequency noise is still significant.

[0098] The optimization effect of the parallel connection of the viscous damper and the spring in the present application; the damping ratio is improved to: After adding the viscous damper in parallel with the spring, the damping ratio of the entire vibration reduction system is improved, significantly suppressing the resonance peak;

[0099] High frequency vibration isolation efficiency Promote, effectively broaden the vibration frequency band; single cycle energy consumption ; it is proportional to the excitation frequency And amplitude square High frequency wheel rail noise vibration energy consumption effect is more significant.

[0100] The amplitude-frequency response is as follows:

[0101]

[0102] Among them, The undamped resonance amplitude is represented by ζ, The damping ratio of the traditional system is 0.02-0.05; The damping ratio of the parallel system is 0.1-0.3.

[0103] In rail transit, the vibration attenuation of the traditional steel spring floating slab (ζ≈0.03) is 15%-20%; after adding the viscous damper (ζ≈0.15) in parallel with the spring, the attenuation is improved to 40%-50%, and the building noise above the track is reduced by 8-10dB. In the field of high-speed rail bridge vibration reduction, the scheme of viscous damper in parallel with spring is adopted, and the bridge vibration acceleration is reduced by 60%, which significantly prolongs the service life of the support. Therefore, in the design of rail transit vibration reduction, the scheme of viscous damper in parallel with spring can significantly improve the vibration reduction and energy consumption effect compared with the traditional mass-spring system, which is specifically manifested in:

[0104] Resonance suppression: damping ratio is improved by 3-5 times, resonance amplitude is reduced by 60%-80%;

[0105] Wide frequency vibration isolation: high frequency vibration transmission is reduced, and noise control is better;

[0106] Long-term reliability: energy dissipation avoids structural fatigue and prolongs the service life of the equipment.

[0107] In a preferred embodiment, the angle between the support rod 3 and the horizontal direction is 15-25°.

[0108] The top plate 1 is installed and fixed below the trapezoidal sleeper or track slab, the base 2 is pre-embedded and installed on the track bed, and the gap height between the trapezoidal sleeper or track slab and the track bed is below 200mm.

[0109] In the conventional vibration isolation device, the viscous damper is vertically placed or is vertically stacked with other vibration isolation members, so that the vertical space is large, generally more than 400 mm. In the field of rail transit, the space below the ladder-shaped sleeper that can be used for vibration reduction is limited, and the space left for setting the vibration reduction device under the sleeper is at most 200 mm in size, so the viscous damper cannot be basically set, and there is currently no vibration reduction device suitable for low clearance in rail transit.

[0110] Therefore, due to the limited space in the tunnel section of the field of rail transit, the low clearance and the direction conversion and vibration decomposition are effectively combined in the present application by setting the triangular arm, the viscous damper, the spring and the like, so that a good vibration reduction effect is achieved.

[0111] The angle of the triangular arm support in the present application is set to 20°, which is inspired by the characteristics of the human torso skeleton, muscles and the like for vibration reduction, so that the vibration is effectively decomposed into horizontal and vertical vibrations. The horizontal vibration is dissipated by the viscous damper, the spring and the rubber flat support, so as to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction. The vertical vibration is transmitted to the rubber flat support and the like through the triangular arm, and is reduced by the rubber flat support and transmitted to the outside, so as to achieve the purpose of vibration reduction.

[0112] In a preferred embodiment, the low-clearance ergonomically designed multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration reduction device can also be provided in other structural forms as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the viscous damper 4 is inclined, the viscous damper 4 is used as a support rod, the top end of the viscous damper 4 is hinged to the top plate 1, and the bottom end of the viscous damper 4 is hinged to the base 2;

[0113] At least four viscous dampers 4 are provided in the vibration reduction device, and the inclination directions are different;

[0114] A spring 7 is provided outside the viscous damper 4, as shown in Figure 5 , or a spring 7 is arranged between the top plate 1 and the base 2, as shown in Figure 6 , both of which are in parallel with the viscous damper 4 and the spring; the length of the viscous damper 4 is limited by the spring 7, and the length of the viscous damper 4 is restored after the length changes.

[0115] Preferably, as shown in Figure 5 , the present application provides a low-clearance ergonomically designed multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration reduction device, which is arranged below the ladder-shaped sleeper or the track slab to buffer and dissipate the vibration on the ladder-shaped sleeper or the track slab;

[0116] The vibration isolation device comprises a top plate 1 and a base 2, and a viscous damper 4 is arranged between the top plate 1 and the base 2;

[0117] The viscous damper 4 is arranged in an inclined manner, which is used to decompose and convert the vibration on the ladder-shaped sleeper into horizontal vibration and vertical vibration, and also used to convert the vibration into heat and dissipate it;

[0118] A spring 7 is arranged outside the viscous damper 4, which is used to limit the length change of the viscous damper 4 and restore the length of the viscous damper 4 after the length change;

[0119] The top end of the viscous damper 4 is hinged to the top plate 1,

[0120] The bottom end of the viscous damper 4 is hinged to the base 2;

[0121] At least four viscous dampers 4 are arranged in the vibration isolation device, and the inclined directions are different.

[0122] Preferably, as shown in Figure 6 The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device is arranged below the ladder-shaped sleeper or the track plate, which is used to buffer and dissipate the vibration on the ladder-shaped sleeper or the track plate;

[0123] The vibration isolation device comprises a top plate 1 and a base 2, and a viscous damper 4 is arranged between the top plate 1 and the base 2;

[0124] The viscous damper 4 is arranged in an inclined manner, which is used to decompose and convert the vibration on the ladder-shaped sleeper into horizontal vibration and vertical vibration, and also used to convert the vibration into heat and dissipate it;

[0125] A spring 7 is arranged between the top plate 1 and the base 2, which is used to limit the length change of the viscous damper 4 and restore the length of the viscous damper 4 after the length change;

[0126] The top end of the viscous damper 4 is hinged to the top plate 1,

[0127] The bottom end of the viscous damper 4 is hinged to the base 2;

[0128] At least four viscous dampers 4 are arranged in the vibration isolation device, and the inclined directions are different.

[0129] In a preferred embodiment, a mounting groove is reserved in the top plate 1 and / or the base 2, the size of the groove is slightly larger than the outer contour of the device, and a 50mm adjustment gap is reserved. A total station is used for positioning to ensure that the center line of the device is consistent with the load transmission path.

[0130] The installation process of the low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device comprises the following steps:

[0131] Step 1, hoist the low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device into the reserved installation slot, insert the bottom anchor bolt into the embedded hole, and preliminarily fix; adjust the levelness of the upper top plate 1 through the gasket, so that the levelness error is ≤2mm / m;

[0132] Step 2, pour C40 concrete around the low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device, and vibrate and compact it to ensure that the bottom of the base 2 is completely embedded in the track bed; after 28 days of maintenance, perform load testing to confirm that there is no looseness or deviation;

[0133] Step 3, apply simulated vibration load on the top plate 1 through the exciter, detect the vertical vibration transmission rate and horizontal vibration attenuation rate; adjust the spring pre-tightening force or replace the damper specification to optimize the damping effect; the vertical vibration transmission rate is less than or equal to 15% to meet the requirements, and the horizontal vibration attenuation rate is greater than or equal to 80% to meet the requirements.

[0134] In the low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device, ultrasonic flaw detection needs to be performed on the weld between the upper top plate and the shaft to ensure that there are no cracks and pores;

[0135] During the preparation of the rubber flat plate support, the temperature and pressure fluctuations need to be controlled within ±5°C to avoid delamination or uneven hardness, and to ensure that the rubber vulcanization parameters meet the design requirements;

[0136] The viscous damper needs to be tested for 3 million reciprocating movements to detect its sealing performance, and the leakage amount is ≤0.1ml / period;

[0137] The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device needs to be calibrated with a laser level to avoid load deviation leading to base shear failure.

[0138] The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration isolation device provided in the application has core components that can be prefabricated in a factory, such as rubber flat plate supports and spring-damper units, thereby reducing on-site construction errors; the device can be quickly installed, from positioning to concrete pouring only takes 2-3 days, which can significantly shorten the construction period; the device has strong compatibility: it can be adapted to different engineering scenarios by adjusting the size of the components, such as increasing or decreasing the thickness of the top plate and the base.

[0139] The above describes the application in combination with preferred embodiments, but these embodiments are only exemplary and serve only to illustrate. On this basis, various substitutions and improvements can be made to the application, which all fall within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation vibration isolation device, characterized in that, The vibration reduction and isolation device is arranged below the ladder-shaped sleeper or track slab to buffer and consume the vibration on the ladder-shaped sleeper or track slab; The vibration reduction and isolation device comprises a top plate (1) and a base (2), and a support rod (3) and a viscous damper (4) are arranged between the top plate (1) and the base (2); The support rod (3) is arranged in an inclined manner to decompose and convert the vibration on the ladder-shaped sleeper into horizontal vibration and vertical vibration; The viscous damper (4) is used to convert the vibration into heat and dissipate the heat; Two support rods (3) form a triangular arm; In the triangular arm, the top ends of the two support rods (3) are hingedly connected to the same hinge seat of the top plate (1), and the inclined directions of the two support rods (3) are opposite; The bottom ends of the two support rods (3) are hingedly connected to two bases (2), and the two bases (2) are divided into a front base and a rear base according to the arrangement direction; The top part of the vertically arranged base (2) has a horizontal degree of freedom; When the top plate (1) is subjected to force vibration, the inclination angles of the two support rods (3) in the triangular arm fluctuate, so that the hinge seat on the front base and the hinge seat on the rear base are close to or away from each other; The front bases of the two triangular arms are connected by a front rotating shaft (5), and the rear bases of the two triangular arms are connected by a rear rotating shaft (6); The viscous damper (4) is connected between the front rotating shaft (5) and the rear rotating shaft (6); One end of the viscous damper (4) is hingedly connected to the front rotating shaft (5), and the other end is hingedly connected to the rear rotating shaft (6); A spring (7) is arranged outside the viscous damper (4), which limits the length change of the viscous damper (4) and restores the length of the viscous damper (4) after the length change; The included angle between the support rod (3) and the horizontal direction is 15-25°; The top plate (1) is fixedly installed below the ladder-shaped sleeper or track slab, the base (2) is pre-embedded and installed on the track bed, and the gap height between the ladder-shaped sleeper or track slab and the track bed is below 200 mm.

2. The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration reduction and isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the base (2) comprises a plurality of rubber flat plate supports which are independent of each other; The rubber flat plate support is formed by alternately stacking and combining multiple layers of rubber and multiple layers of steel plates.

3. The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration reduction and isolation device according to claim 2, wherein the top end of the support rod (3) is hingedly connected to the top plate (1), and the bottom end of the support rod (3) is hingedly connected to the base (2), and one support rod (3) is hingedly connected to each rubber flat plate support.

4. The low-clearance ergonomic multi-directional energy dissipation type vibration reduction and isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the viscous damper (4) is arranged in an inclined manner, and the viscous damper (4) is used as a support rod, so that the top end of the viscous damper (4) is hingedly connected to the top plate (1), and the bottom end of the viscous damper (4) is hingedly connected to the base (2); and at least four viscous dampers (4) are arranged in the vibration reduction and isolation device, and the inclined directions of the viscous dampers (4) are different. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ The spring (7) is arranged outside the viscous damper (4) or between the top plate (1) and the base (2), so as to limit the length change of the viscous damper (4) and restore the length of the viscous damper (4) after the length change.

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