Guide rail sliding type roadway surrounding rock deformation probe monitor and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a guide rail sliding type roadway surrounding rock deformation probe monitor and method, and belongs to the technical field of mineral engineering. A laser distance measuring sensor and a full-section scanning technology in the prior art have the problems of high cost, high installation difficulty, environmental interference and the like. The surrounding rock deformation is converted into spring pressure through the grid type guide rail, the slidable box type strain gauge, the telescopic probe, the universal wheel type probe and other assemblies, and the deformation amount is calculated through the pressure gauge and the microcomputer. The monitor can slide on the guide rail, multi-point monitoring is achieved, and meanwhile the sound and light alarm function is achieved. The device has the characteristics of low cost, high environmental adaptability, simplicity and convenience in installation, movable monitoring and the like, is suitable for long-term monitoring of mine roadway surrounding rock deformation, and effectively improves the safety of mine mining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention patent belongs to the field of mining engineering technology, and particularly relates to a guide rail sliding tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor and method. Background Art

[0002] As the mining of mineral resources gradually develops into deeper areas, artificial excavation operations cause the original stress balance to be broken and the stress to be redistributed. In this process, the surrounding rock of the tunnel is very likely to deform under the action of stress, causing safety accidents.

[0003] At present, the commonly used methods for detecting tunnel surrounding rock are mainly laser ranging sensors or full-section scanning. Laser ranging sensors have high accuracy, but the high concentration of dust in the underground tunnel environment will interfere with the normal operation of the sensor, and the installation is difficult; the full-section scanning technology obtains the global deformation data of the tunnel surrounding rock surface through high-density point cloud collection and three-dimensional modeling, but the equipment cost is extremely high and difficult to deploy on a large scale, and it is difficult to obtain accurate data for special tunnels such as water-gushing tunnels.

[0004] Therefore, in order to improve or even solve the above problems, it is necessary to develop a tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor that is less or not affected by the environment, has low installation difficulty, low cost and is relatively accurate. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-cost, easy-to-operate, environmentally adaptable and relatively accurate guide rail sliding type tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor and method, so as to improve the monitorability of tunnel surrounding rock deformation and ensure the safety of mining.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technologies:

[0007] The present invention relates to a guide rail sliding type tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor and method. The device mainly comprises a grid guide rail, a guide rail grounding fixture, a guide rail relative angle fixture, a monitor guide rail, a guide rail connector, a universal wheel probe, a cylindrical probe, a cylindrical close-ring helical spring, a multifunctional instrument panel, a microcomputer, a spring connector, a probe sleeve, a pressure gauge, and an audible and visual alarm.

[0008] The grid guide rail is a C-shaped steel guide rail arranged in a grid pattern to facilitate the movement and fixation of the monitor on the surrounding rock. As the tunnel is excavated, the guide rail can be extended through a guide rail connector to expand the monitoring range of the monitor.

[0009] The guide rail grounding fixture is composed of three retractable support legs with fixed lengths or angles and a guide rail extension section, which are used to fix the relative position of the guide rail and the ground.

[0010] The guide rail relative angle fixer is similar to the guide rail grounding fixing device and is used to fix the relative position of the guide rail and the surrounding rock.

[0011] The monitor guide rail is arranged on the bottom plate in front of the surrounding rock and fixed by a fixed support device, and is used to move the surrounding rock deformation probe monitor.

[0012] The guide rail connector is a C-shaped metal buckle, which is fixed between two sections of guide rails that need to be connected by screws, and is used to extend the distance of the guide rails and increase the monitorable area.

[0013] The universal wheel probe is fixed at the end of the probe to protect the probe from wear during the movement of the monitor.

[0014] The cylindrical coil spring connects the probe and the pressure gauge front and back, maintains the original length at the beginning of measurement, and is used to convert the expansion and contraction amount of the probe into axial pressure and transmit it to the pressure gauge.

[0015] The multifunctional instrument panel includes a strain gauge display screen, a microcomputer, a plurality of buttons, including a switch button, a zeroing button, a suction cup control button, a reading unit conversion button, a warning value setting button, a confirmation button and a numeric keyboard, which are used to convert the pressure gauge reading into the surrounding rock strain value and simplify the monitor operation.

[0016] The microcomputer is attached to the multifunctional instrument panel and is simply operated by buttons on the multifunctional instrument panel to convert the electrical signal transmitted by the pressure gauge into the strain value of the monitoring point, and can also perform other simple data processing and output.

[0017] The spring connector is a steel ring, which is arranged on the pressure gauge and the probe respectively, and is used to fix the position of the spring and transmit the expansion and contraction action of the probe to the spring to deform it.

[0018] The probe sleeve is fixed on the lower end of the box-type strain gauge and is used to fix and protect the probe.

[0019] The pressure gauge is fixed at the upper end of the box-type strain gauge and is used to detect the spring pressure and convert it into an electrical signal to be transmitted to the microcomputer. The monitoring sensitivity of the monitor can be adjusted by replacing and adjusting the pressure gauge.

[0020] The sound and light alarm is fixed on the multi-function instrument panel and consists of an electronic sounder and a red alarm light. When the spring compression exceeds the warning value set on the instrument panel, the sound and light alarm will emit red light and broadcast the relative position of the current tunnel surrounding rock monitor.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention adopts a combination of a guide rail and a box-type strain gauge to realize the monitoring of the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock. The application of the guide rail enables the strain gauge to monitor a certain point on the surrounding rock more flexibly, thereby saving costs and improving efficiency.

[0023] 2. The present invention converts the tunnel surrounding rock strain into the deformation of the dense coil spring. Compared with the existing tunnel surrounding rock monitoring means, the present invention is less susceptible to harsh environments such as dust or water gushing.

[0024] 3. The present invention adopts a threaded retractable probe and a universal wheel probe, which further reduces the requirements for the surrounding rock environment and can be moved and measured on uneven tunnel surrounding rocks.

[0025] 4. The components of the device designed in the present invention are easy to manufacture, with a simple structure and a simple construction process. The deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel can be monitored through movable fixed-point monitoring, monitoring sensitivity that can be adjusted as needed, and high environmental resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the guide rail sliding type tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor provided by the present invention when monitoring tunnel surrounding rock deformation;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the guide rail sliding type tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor provided by the present invention when the tunnel surrounding rock deformation is not detected;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the grid-type guide rail provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the grid-type guide rail connector provided by the present invention when in use;

[0030] In the figure: 1—suction cup; 2—circular sliding plate; 3—pressure gauge; 4—spring connector; 5—cylindrical seal spring; 6—box-type strain gauge housing; 7—probe sleeve; 8—cylindrical probe; 9—universal wheel probe; 10—monitor rail; 11—multi-function instrument panel; 12—tunnel surrounding rock; 13—rail grounding fixture; 14—rail relative angle fixture; 15—rail connector; 16—microcomputer; 17—repeater; 18—sound and light alarm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the examples described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "middle", "lower", "top", "bottom" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal connection between two elements. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the guide rail sliding type tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor mainly includes a fixed support device, a vertical grid guide rail device, a movable deformation monitoring probe device, a slidable box-type strain gauge device, a probe-strain gauge connection device, and an alarm device;

[0035] The fixed support device includes a guide rail grounding fixture 13 and a guide rail relative angle fixture 14, wherein the guide rail grounding fixture 13 is composed of three retractable and fixed length or angle support legs and a guide rail extension section, which is used to fix the relative position of the guide rail and the ground; the guide rail relative angle fixture 14 is similar to the guide rail grounding fixture, which is used to fix the relative position of the guide rail and the surrounding rock;

[0036] The vertical grid rail device includes a monitor rail 10 and a rail connector 15. The monitor rail 10 is arranged on the bottom plate in front of the tunnel surrounding rock 12 and fixed by a fixed support device, and is used to move the surrounding rock deformation probe monitor. When multiple vertical grid rail devices are required, the rail connector 15 is used to connect them into one, and the probe monitor is allowed to move between the rails.

[0037] The movable deformation monitoring probe device comprises a universal wheel probe 9 and a cylindrical probe 8; the universal wheel probe 9 is fixed to the end of the cylindrical probe 8 to protect the cylindrical probe 8 from wear during the movement of the monitor; the cylindrical probe 8 is a multi-section hollow steel rod that can be extended and retracted by thread, and is used to transmit the deformation of the surrounding rock 12 back to the slidable box-type strain gauge device;

[0038] The slidable box-type strain gauge device includes a cylindrical coil spring 5, a pressure gauge 3, and a multifunctional instrument panel 11; the cylindrical probe 8 compresses the cylindrical coil spring 5 after sensing the deformation of the surrounding rock, and the strain gauge display screen on the multifunctional instrument panel 11 displays the spring compression amount according to the Hooke's law indicated by the pressure gauge 3, that is, the deformation amount of the surrounding rock at the monitoring point;

[0039] The alarm device includes a repeater 17 and an audible and visual alarm 18. When the monitoring program in the microcomputer 16 finds that the variation of the strain gauge reading exceeds a preset value, the audible and visual alarm 18 is activated and the alarm signal is transmitted to the staff through the repeater 17.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the guide rail sliding type tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor mainly includes a fixed support device, a vertical grid guide rail device, a movable deformation monitoring probe device, a slidable box-type strain gauge device, a probe-strain gauge connection device, and an alarm device;

[0041] The fixed support device includes a guide rail grounding fixture 13 and a guide rail relative angle fixture 14, wherein the guide rail grounding fixture 13 is composed of three retractable and fixed length or angle support legs and a guide rail extension section, which is used to fix the relative position of the guide rail and the ground; the guide rail relative angle fixture 14 is similar to the guide rail grounding fixture, which is used to fix the relative position of the guide rail and the surrounding rock;

[0042] The vertical grid rail device includes a monitor rail 10 and a rail connector 15. The monitor rail 10 is arranged on the bottom plate in front of the tunnel surrounding rock 12 and fixed by a fixed support device, and is used to move the surrounding rock deformation probe monitor. When multiple vertical grid rail devices are required, the rail connector 15 is used to connect them into one, and the probe monitor is allowed to move between the rails.

[0043] The movable deformation monitoring probe device comprises a universal wheel probe 9 and a cylindrical probe 8; the universal wheel probe 9 is fixed to the end of the cylindrical probe 8 to protect the cylindrical probe 8 from wear during the movement of the monitor; the cylindrical probe 8 is a multi-section hollow steel rod that can be extended and retracted by thread, and is used to transmit the deformation of the surrounding rock 12 back to the slidable box-type strain gauge device;

[0044] The slidable box-type strain gauge device includes a cylindrical coil spring 5, a pressure gauge 3, and a multifunctional instrument panel 11; the cylindrical probe 8 compresses the cylindrical coil spring 5 after sensing the deformation of the surrounding rock, and the strain gauge display screen on the multifunctional instrument panel 11 displays the spring compression amount according to the Hooke's law indicated by the pressure gauge 3, that is, the deformation amount of the surrounding rock at the monitoring point;

[0045] The alarm device includes a repeater 17 and an audible and visual alarm 18. When the monitoring program in the microcomputer 16 finds that the variation of the strain gauge reading exceeds a preset value, the audible and visual alarm 18 is activated and the alarm signal is transmitted to the staff through the repeater 17.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the grid-type guide rail is arranged on the bottom plate in front of the surrounding rock and fixed by a fixed support device, and is used to move the circular slide plate 2 of the surrounding rock deformation probe monitor; when multiple vertical grid guide rail devices are required, the guide rail connector 15 is used to connect them into one body, and the monitor is allowed to move between the guide rails

[0047] like Figure 4 As shown, when a plurality of guide rails need to be connected, the guide rail connector is buckled on a section that needs to be connected, and then another section of the guide rail that needs to be connected is placed into the guide rail connector, and then the limit screws on the connector are tightened to fix it.

[0048] An implementation method of a guide rail sliding type tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor, when monitoring the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock, mainly includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. Installation of guide rail device: According to the cross-sectional size and excavation length of the tunnel excavation, the appropriate guide rail coverage area and distance from the wall are selected through numerical simulation, and then the guide rail is fixed using a fixed support device.

[0050] S2. Installation of tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitor: Place the suction cup, circular sliding plate, pressure gauge, spring connector, cylindrical ring spring, box-type strain gauge housing, probe sleeve, cylindrical probe, universal wheel probe, monitor rail, multi-function instrument panel, tunnel surrounding rock, rail grounding fixture, rail relative angle fixture, rail connector, microcomputer, repeater, sound and light alarm according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Install as shown.

[0051] S3. Perform monitoring: slide the circular sliding plate of the tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitor from any open end of the guide rail and move it to the predetermined monitoring point, adjust the position of the suction cup to fix the monitor relative to the guide rail, and adjust the length of the probe so that it just touches the rock wall. Open the multi-function instrument panel, press the zero button, and then set the warning value.

[0052] S4. Change the monitoring point: release the suction of the suction cup, hold the monitor with both hands and move it along the guide rail to the new monitoring point, and repeat step S3.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A guide rail sliding type tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor and method, characterized in that: The device mainly includes a fixed support device, a vertical grid guide rail device, a movable deformation monitoring probe device, a slidable box-type strain gauge device, a probe-strain gauge connection device, and an alarm device; The fixed support device includes a guide rail grounding fixture and a guide rail relative angle fixture, wherein the guide rail grounding fixture is composed of three retractable and fixed length or angle support legs and a guide rail extension section, which is used to fix the relative position of the guide rail and the ground; the guide rail relative angle fixture is similar to the guide rail grounding fixture, which is used to fix the relative position of the guide rail and the surrounding rock; The vertical grid rail device includes a monitor rail and a rail connector. The monitor rail is arranged on a bottom plate in front of the surrounding rock and fixed by a fixed support device, and is used to move the surrounding rock deformation probe monitor. When multiple vertical grid rail devices are required, the rail connector is used to connect them into one, and the monitor is allowed to move between the rails. The movable deformation monitoring probe device includes a universal wheel probe and a cylindrical probe; the universal wheel probe is fixed at the end of the probe to protect the probe from wear during the movement of the monitor; the cylindrical probe is a multi-section hollow steel rod that can be extended and retracted by threads, and is used to transmit the surrounding rock deformation back to the slidable box-type strain gauge device; The slidable box-type strain gauge device includes a cylindrical coil spring, a pressure gauge, and a multifunctional instrument panel; the aforementioned probe compresses the spring after sensing the deformation of the surrounding rock, and the strain gauge display screen on the multifunctional instrument panel displays the spring compression amount, i.e., the deformation amount of the surrounding rock at the monitoring point, according to the pressure gauge reading Hooke's law; The probe-pressure gauge connection device comprises a spring connector and a probe sleeve; the spring connector connects the spring and the probe through a steel ring; After the surrounding rock undergoes large deformation, the probe sleeve is used to protect and fix the probe during the extension and retraction process; The alarm device includes a repeater and an audible and visual alarm. When the strain gauge monitoring program in the microcomputer finds that the variation of the strain gauge reading exceeds a preset value, the audible and visual alarm is activated and the alarm signal is transmitted to the staff through the repeater.

2. A guide rail sliding type tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slidable box-type strain gauge device is equipped with a circular sliding disc and a suction cup, which are used to slide on the matching guide rail and be fixed after the sliding is completed; there is a spring inside the box-type strain gauge device, which is used to monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock.

3. The guide rail sliding type tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical grid rail device can be composed of a plurality of grid rail units; a double-joint, triple-joint or quad-joint connector can be selected according to different specific connection scenarios.

4. The guide rail sliding type tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The probe uses a multi-section hollow steel rod that can be extended and retracted by threads. Before measurement, the probe length is adjusted through the threads so that the spring is close to its original length in its natural state when the probe just touches the rock wall, and then the measurement starts from zero by pressing the zeroing button on the box-type strain gauge.

5. The multifunctional instrument panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multifunctional instrument panel comprises a strain gauge display screen, a microcomputer and a plurality of buttons, wherein the plurality of buttons comprises a switch button, a zeroing button, a suction cup control button, a display unit conversion button, a warning value setting button, a confirmation button and a numeric keyboard.

6. The implementation method of the guide rail sliding type tunnel surrounding rock deformation probe monitor according to claim 1 mainly comprises the following steps when monitoring the deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock: S1. Installation of guide rail device: According to the cross-sectional size and excavation length of the tunnel excavation, the appropriate guide rail coverage area and distance from the wall are selected through numerical simulation, and then the guide rail is fixed using a fixed support device. S2. Installation of tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitor: install the suction cup, circular sliding plate, pressure gauge, spring connector, cylindrical close-ring spring, box-type strain gauge housing, probe sleeve, cylindrical probe, universal wheel probe, monitor rail, multi-function instrument panel, tunnel surrounding rock, rail grounding fixture, rail relative angle fixture, rail connector, microcomputer, repeater, and sound and light alarm as shown in Figures 1 and 2. S3. Perform monitoring: slide the circular sliding plate of the tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitor from any open end of the guide rail and move it to the predetermined monitoring point, adjust the position of the suction cup to fix the monitor relative to the guide rail, and adjust the length of the probe so that it just touches the rock wall. Open the multi-function instrument panel, press the zero button, and then set the warning value. S4. Change the monitoring point: release the suction of the suction cup, hold the monitor with both hands and move it along the guide rail to the new monitoring point, and repeat step S3.

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