Rotating blade state non-contact detection device and method based on embedded casing

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotating blade state non-contact detection device and method based on an embedded casing, and relates to the field of engine on-line state monitoring and fault diagnosis, the rotating blade state non-contact detection device comprises a sensing casing located on the outer side of a fan blade, and an airborne blade health signal processing unit box connected with the sensing casing; the sensing casing is used for acquiring data of the thin-film capacitive sensor; the airborne blade health signal processing unit box is used for acquiring a rotating blade state non-contact detection result according to the data of the thin film type capacitive sensor; wherein a thin film type capacitive sensor is embedded in the sensing casing. The film type capacitive sensor is adopted to replace an original adhesive film at the corresponding position of the cartridge receiver, deep integrated manufacturing of the film type capacitive sensor and the cartridge receiver is achieved, the requirements that the cartridge receiver cannot be holed and the composite blade is in non-contact sensing are met, the risk of carbon fiber breakage caused by holing is eradicated fundamentally, identification of blade parameter information can be accurately achieved, and the production efficiency is improved. And efficient and accurate online real-time monitoring of all the blades is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of online engine status monitoring and fault diagnosis, and in particular to a non-contact detection device and method for the status of rotating blades embedded in a casing. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of aircraft engines, the first-stage fan blades at the airflow inlet are often affected by factors such as foreign matter, dust, and unstable airflow. The working environment is harsh, and failures caused by damaged blades account for a relatively high proportion of all types of engine failures. Therefore, the health of fan blades plays a key role in the safe operation of aircraft. Non-contact online monitoring and health management of fan blade status are the development trend of modern aircraft engines. The state of rotating blades is the core factor that determines engine performance and safety. Traditional methods of detecting the state of rotating blades usually require shutting down the engine and opening the casing, and checking them one by one with the help of manual operation or specific detection equipment. This method not only consumes a lot of time and manpower, severely compresses the normal operation time of the engine, and greatly increases maintenance costs, but also easily introduces new failure risks during the disassembly and installation of the casing, posing a potential threat to the stable operation of the engine.

[0003] However, the casing and fan blades of civil high bypass ratio turbofan engines are made of a large amount of composite materials, especially carbon fiber materials. The casing requires that the probe cannot be installed in important areas such as above the blade top to avoid any broken wire defects. Existing fiber optic sensors and eddy current sensors require holes to be installed on the casing. In addition, the composite carbon fiber material of the fan blades cannot be used for eddy current sensors because the signal is very weak.

[0004] In addition, some existing non-contact detection methods mostly detect the vibration of the casing outside the casing. However, the detection signal is easily interfered by the casing structure and the complex external environment, which makes it difficult to directly and accurately detect the state of the rotating blades. With the continuous advancement of aviation technology, higher requirements are placed on the reliability and maintenance convenience of the engine. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a non-contact detection device and method for the state of the rotating blades based on an embedded casing to address the deficiencies in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a non-contact detection device and method for the state of rotating blades based on an embedded casing, so as to efficiently and accurately detect the state of rotating blades, especially to meet the requirements that the casing cannot be opened and composite blades can be non-contactly sensed.

[0006] On the one hand, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a non-contact detection device for the state of a rotating blade based on an embedded casing, comprising a sensing casing located outside a fan blade, and an onboard blade health signal processing unit box connected to the sensing casing; The sensing housing is used to obtain data from a thin-film capacitive sensor; The onboard blade health signal processing unit box is used to obtain the non-contact detection result of the rotating blade state according to the thin film capacitive sensor data; Wherein, the sensing casing is embedded with a thin-film capacitive sensor.

[0007] Optionally, the sensing casing includes a lead, a carbon fiber layer, a honeycomb layer and an easy-to-wear layer; Wherein, the sensing casing is connected to the onboard blade health signal processing unit box through the lead, and the thin film capacitive sensor is embedded between the carbon fiber layer and the honeycomb layer or between the honeycomb layer and the easy-to-wear layer.

[0008] Optionally, the thin film capacitive sensor is composed of a core electrode, an inner shielding layer, an outer shielding layer and a cable; Wherein, the core pole, the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer are insulated from each other.

[0009] Optionally, the thickness of the thin film capacitive sensor is 0.5-1 mm.

[0010] Optionally, the thin film capacitive sensor includes a plurality of micropores or a micropore array.

[0011] Optionally, the onboard blade health signal processing unit box includes a signal conditioning circuit module, a data acquisition and processing module, a historical data trend monitoring module and a blade health management module; The signal conditioning circuit module is used to obtain the voltage waveform signal of the rotating blade using the thin film capacitance sensor data; The data acquisition and processing module is used to obtain blade parameter information according to the voltage waveform signal of the rotating blade; The historical data trend monitoring module is used to obtain blade state characteristic change data and historical blade state characteristic change data according to the blade parameter information; The blade health management module is used to obtain the non-contact detection result of the rotating blade state according to the blade state characteristic change data and the historical blade state characteristic change data.

[0012] On the other hand, to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a non-contact detection method of a rotating blade state based on an embedded casing, which specifically comprises the following steps: S1, using thin-film capacitive sensor data to obtain blade parameter information; S2. Acquire blade state characteristic change data and historical blade state characteristic change data according to the blade parameter information; S3. Obtaining a non-contact detection result of a rotating blade state according to the blade state characteristic change data and the historical blade state characteristic change data.

[0013] Optionally, obtaining blade parameter information using thin-film capacitive sensor data includes: S1-1, using the sensing casing to obtain the capacitance value change signal of the rotating blade as the thin film capacitance sensor data; S1-2, obtaining a voltage waveform signal of the rotating blade using a signal conditioning circuit according to the data of the thin film capacitance sensor; S1-3, obtaining the arrival time variation characteristics and the peak voltage variation characteristics of the voltage waveform signal according to the voltage waveform signal of the rotating blade; S1-4, acquiring the amplitude and frequency of blade vibration as blade vibration data according to the arrival time variation characteristics of the voltage waveform signal; S1-5, obtaining blade tip clearance information according to the peak voltage variation characteristics of the voltage waveform signal; S1-6. Acquire the blade vibration data and the blade tip clearance information as the blade parameter information.

[0014] Optionally, acquiring blade state characteristic change data and historical blade state characteristic change data according to the blade parameter information includes: S2-1, acquiring corresponding historical blade vibration data and historical blade tip clearance information as historical blade parameter information according to the blade parameter information; S2-2, acquiring the blade state characteristic change data and the historical blade state characteristic change data according to the historical blade parameter information and the blade parameter information; S2-2-1, obtaining a deviation value of blade vibration data and a deviation value of blade tip clearance information respectively according to the historical blade parameter information and the blade parameter information as a blade parameter information deviation; S2-2-2, obtaining a deviation threshold of blade vibration data and a deviation threshold of blade tip clearance information according to the blade parameter information deviation as a blade parameter information deviation threshold; S2-2-3, judging whether the blade parameter information deviations all meet the blade parameter information deviation threshold, if so, reacquire the blade parameter information and return to S2-1, otherwise, execute S2-2-4; S2-2-4. Determine whether the blade parameter information deviation partially meets the blade parameter information deviation threshold. If so, obtain the corresponding blade parameter information as the blade state characteristic change data based on the blade parameter information deviation that does not meet the blade parameter information deviation threshold, and obtain the corresponding blade parameter information as the historical blade state characteristic change data based on the blade parameter information deviation that meets the blade parameter information deviation threshold. Otherwise, obtain the corresponding blade parameter information as the blade state characteristic change data using the blade parameter information deviation, and obtain the corresponding historical blade state characteristic change data based on the blade state characteristic change data.

[0015] Optionally, obtaining the non-contact detection result of the rotating blade state according to the blade state characteristic change data and the historical blade state characteristic change data includes: S3-1, taking the historical blade state characteristic change data as input, and the blade health status information corresponding to the historical blade state characteristic change data as output, and constructing a blade health status model based on a support vector machine; S3-2, inputting the blade state characteristic change data into the blade health state model to obtain blade health state information corresponding to the blade state characteristic change data as the non-contact detection result of the rotating blade state.

[0016] Compared with the closest prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: When the rotating blades of the present invention pass through the thin-film capacitive sensor at high speed, the capacitance value will change, and finally a Gaussian-like voltage waveform signal will be formed; by collecting the voltage waveform signal at high speed and accurately, the absolute time when the blade passes through the center of the probe can be accurately obtained. In the actual operation process, if the blade vibrates, the absolute time when it passes through the center of the probe will be advanced or delayed. Based on this time change characteristic, the vibration of the blade can be accurately and efficiently analyzed by processing the tip timing time. This non-contact rotating blade vibration data processing method based on the tip timing principle has powerful functions and excellent performance, and can accurately realize the identification of blade parameter information such as tip clearance, amplitude and frequency of blade vibration, and realize efficient and accurate online real-time monitoring of all blades, providing comprehensive, accurate and timely data support for the health status assessment of the engine.

[0017] The present invention adopts a thin-film capacitive sensor to replace the original adhesive film at the corresponding position of the casing to achieve deep integration manufacturing with the casing. It not only meets the requirements that the casing cannot have holes and the composite blades can be non-contact sensed, but also eliminates the risk of carbon fiber breakage caused by opening holes from the root, and effectively guarantees the structural integrity and strength of the casing. This structural optimization not only ensures the mechanical properties of the sensor, but also enhances the fatigue and impact resistance of the thin-film sensor, ensuring its reliability under high load and extreme environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a non-contact detection device for rotating blade status embedded in a casing to realize intelligent sensing according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a non-contact detection method for a rotating blade state embedded in a casing to realize intelligent perception according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A structural diagram of a thin-film capacitive sensor proposed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a sensing casing proposed in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of monitoring the health status of a blade using a thin-film capacitive sensor array according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a thin-film capacitive sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a thin-film capacitive sensor with micropores proposed in an embodiment of the present invention; The description of the accompanying drawings is as follows: 1. core pole; 2. inner shielding layer; 3. outer shielding layer; 4. cable; 5. lead wire; 6. carbon fiber layer; 7. honeycomb layer; 8. thin film capacitive sensor; 9. easy-wear layer; 10. fan blade; 11. sensing casing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a non-contact detection device for rotating blade status embedded in a casing to realize intelligent sensing, including a sensing casing located outside the fan blade, and an onboard blade health signal processing unit box connected to the sensing casing; The sensing housing is used to obtain data from a thin-film capacitive sensor; The onboard blade health signal processing unit box is used to obtain the non-contact detection result of the rotating blade state according to the thin film capacitive sensor data; Wherein, the sensing casing is embedded with a thin-film capacitive sensor.

[0023] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the sensing casing 11 is annular and is located on the outside of the fan blades 10, surrounding the fan blades 10, and the sensing casing 11 plays a role in protecting the moving blades. The present embodiment embeds a thin film capacitive sensor 8 to form an intelligently sensed casing, which can intelligently sense the state of the blades. In the past, the casing only served as an external protective structure and airflow guide channel of the engine. By embedding the thin film capacitive sensor 8, the sensing casing 11 successfully achieved functional upgrades and was transformed into an intelligent component with real-time monitoring capabilities. The thin film capacitive sensor 8 can sense various operating status information of the blades during high-speed rotation in real time and accurately, including but not limited to the vibration amplitude, vibration frequency, tip clearance changes, and deformation of the blades, and quickly convert these complex physical state information into electrical signals, providing original and critical data support for subsequent data acquisition, transmission, processing and analysis, thereby providing a solid data foundation for the health status assessment and fault diagnosis of the engine.

[0024] In this embodiment, the thin film capacitive sensor 8 is embedded to form a sensing casing 11 capable of intelligent sensing. The thin film capacitive sensor 8 can be embedded at multiple positions around the sensing casing 11 to form an embedded sensor array, thereby enriching the intelligent sensing function of the sensing casing 11.

[0025] Compared with a single sensor, the sensor array can monitor the status of the blade at each moment in real time and accurately within a three-dimensional space, and can simultaneously capture subtle changes in different parts of the blade, providing rich data for a comprehensive understanding of the blade's operating conditions.

[0026] The number and specific location of the embedded thin-film capacitive sensors 8 need to be determined by comprehensively considering the requirements of the fault diagnosis and identification algorithm, the manufacturing process of the casing, and the response characteristics of the sensor. The fault diagnosis and identification algorithm has specific requirements for the type, accuracy and distribution of sensor data, and the number and location of sensors should be adapted to ensure that the algorithm can efficiently and accurately identify potential faults. The feasibility and accuracy limitations of the casing manufacturing process determine the sensor embedding position and quantity range. The structural integrity and manufacturing quality of the casing must be taken into account during layout. Different types of sensors differ in sensitivity, response time, measurement range, etc. According to actual monitoring needs, it is necessary to select suitable sensors and determine the best installation location to give full play to their performance. In addition, the layout optimization of the sensor array can also be adjusted through data analysis technology to ensure that the best monitoring effect can be obtained under different circumstances.

[0027] Furthermore, the sensing casing includes a lead, a carbon fiber layer, a honeycomb layer and an easy-to-wear layer; Wherein, the sensing casing is connected to the onboard blade health signal processing unit box through the lead, and the thin film capacitive sensor is embedded between the carbon fiber layer and the honeycomb layer or between the honeycomb layer and the easy-to-wear layer.

[0028] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the sensing casing 11 includes a lead 5, a carbon fiber layer 6, a honeycomb layer 7 and an easy-to-wear layer 9, wherein the honeycomb layer 7 and the easy-to-wear layer 9 are generally made of polymer materials and are non-conductive.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the thin-film capacitive sensor 8 transmits the collected signal stably and reliably through the matching lead 5. Among them, the lead 5 is made of special materials and advanced technology, and has good flexibility, anti-interference ability and signal transmission stability. In the complex electromagnetic environment and severe vibration environment of the engine, it can ensure the accuracy and stability of data transmission, providing a solid and reliable data foundation for subsequent signal processing and analysis.

[0030] When the sensing casing 11 is manufactured, the thin film capacitive sensor 8 is embedded between the carbon fiber layer 6 and the honeycomb layer 7, or between the honeycomb layer 7 and the easy-wear layer 9. Figure 4As shown. In-depth analysis from the perspective of structural equivalence shows that the thin film capacitive sensor 8 actually replaces a part of the original adhesive film at the corresponding position of the sensing casing, thereby realizing deep integrated manufacturing with the sensing casing. This innovative design has multiple significant advantages. It not only avoids opening holes in the composite layer, but also eliminates the risk of carbon fiber breakage caused by opening holes from the root, and effectively guarantees the structural integrity and strength of the casing. This structural optimization not only ensures the mechanical properties of the sensor, but also enhances the fatigue resistance and impact resistance of the thin film sensor, ensuring its reliability under high load and extreme environments. In addition, the thin film capacitive sensor 8 of the sensing casing 11 of this embodiment can penetrate the honeycomb layer 7 and the easy-wear layer 9 of the sensing casing 11 to achieve penetrating and non-contact monitoring of the casing without damage. It not only meets the high reliability requirements of the casing without opening holes, but also the thin film capacitive sensor 8 is not affected by pollution such as foreign matter, sand layer, rainwater, etc. in the inlet airflow, which greatly improves the service life of the sensor.

[0031] Furthermore, the film capacitive sensor is composed of a core electrode, an inner shielding layer, an outer shielding layer and a cable; Wherein, the core pole, the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer are insulated from each other.

[0032] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the sensing surface of the thin film capacitive sensor 8 is composed of the middle core electrode 1, the inner shielding layer 2, the outer shielding layer 3 and the cable 4. Among them, the core electrode 1, the inner shielding layer 2 and the outer shielding layer 3 are insulated from each other and are not conductive to each other, which effectively avoids signal interference and greatly ensures the accuracy and reliability of sensor signal acquisition.

[0033] Furthermore, the thickness of the thin film capacitive sensor is 0.5-1 mm.

[0034] Specifically, this embodiment uses a thin film capacitive sensor 8 with a thickness of 0.5-1 mm. Figure 3 The sensor is made of flexible circuit board materials and processes, and has the characteristics of flexibility and deformability. This feature enables it to be perfectly embedded in a specific position inside the casing during the manufacturing process of the sensing casing 11, and fits tightly with the casing through the gluing process, ensuring that it always maintains a stable working state in the complex and harsh operating environment of the engine.

[0035] Furthermore, the thin film capacitive sensor includes a plurality of micropores or a micropore array.

[0036] Specifically, in order to enhance the fit between the thin film capacitive sensor 8 and the sensing casing 11 and improve the stability of the thin film capacitive sensor 8 in the sensing casing 11, various forms of micropores or micropore arrays are designed and processed on the thin film capacitive sensor 8, such as Figure 7As shown. These micropores or micropore arrays have been rigorously designed and tested and will not have any negative impact on the inherent functions of the sensor. During the manufacturing process of the sensing casing 11, after the thin-film capacitive sensor 8 is embedded between the carbon fiber layer 6 and the honeycomb layer 7, or between the honeycomb layer 7 and the wear-resistant layer 9, before the adhesive film is cured, the adhesive will naturally and fully flow into these micropores, thereby greatly enhancing the adhesion between the sensor and the layers of the casing, fundamentally ensuring the long-term reliability and stability of the sensor in the casing.

[0037] Furthermore, the airborne blade health signal processing unit box includes a signal conditioning circuit module, a data acquisition and processing module, a historical data trend monitoring module and a blade health management module; The signal conditioning circuit module is used to obtain the voltage waveform signal of the rotating blade using the thin film capacitance sensor data; The data acquisition and processing module is used to obtain blade parameter information according to the voltage waveform signal of the rotating blade; The historical data trend monitoring module is used to obtain blade state characteristic change data and historical blade state characteristic change data according to the blade parameter information; The blade health management module is used to obtain the non-contact detection result of the rotating blade state according to the blade state characteristic change data and the historical blade state characteristic change data.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a non-contact detection method for rotating blade status embedded in a casing to realize intelligent perception, comprising the following steps: S1, using thin-film capacitive sensor data to obtain blade parameter information; S2. Acquire blade state characteristic change data and historical blade state characteristic change data according to the blade parameter information; S3. Obtaining a non-contact detection result of a rotating blade state according to the blade state characteristic change data and the historical blade state characteristic change data.

[0039] S1 specifically includes: 1-1. Use the sensing casing to obtain the capacitance value change signal of the rotating blade as the thin film capacitance sensor data; S1-2, obtaining a voltage waveform signal of the rotating blade using a signal conditioning circuit according to the data of the thin film capacitance sensor; S1-3, obtaining the arrival time variation characteristics and the peak voltage variation characteristics of the voltage waveform signal according to the voltage waveform signal of the rotating blade; S1-4, acquiring the amplitude and frequency of blade vibration as blade vibration data according to the arrival time variation characteristics of the voltage waveform signal; S1-5, obtaining blade tip clearance information according to the peak voltage variation characteristics of the voltage waveform signal; S1-6. Acquire the blade vibration data and the blade tip clearance information as the blade parameter information.

[0040] Specifically, the sensing casing 11 of the present invention is embedded with a thin film capacitive sensor 8, and the ultra-thin copper foil on the sensing surface of the thin film capacitive sensor 8 and the blade top of the composite blade to be measured (mainly composed of materials such as carbon fiber and resin) can penetrate the honeycomb layer 7 and the easy-wear layer 9, and form a capacitance value of the rotating blade with the tip of the rotating blade, such as Figure 6 As shown. The capacitance value is closely related to the distance between the top surface of the blade to be measured and the end face of the thin film capacitance sensor 8 when the blade passes through the thin film capacitance sensor 8, and changes accordingly with the dynamic change of the distance between the two. When a single blade passes through the thin film capacitance sensor 8, the distance between the tip of the blade and the thin film capacitance sensor 8 changes from far to near and then from near to far. The capacitance value change signal generated in this process shows typical characteristics similar to a Gaussian waveform. The capacitance value waveform signal will be accurately converted into a voltage waveform signal through the signal conditioning circuit module in the airborne blade health signal processing unit box. In this conversion process, different capacitance values ​​correspond to different voltages, that is, the voltage of the output waveform directly and accurately reflects the size of the tip gap, and the shape characteristics and appearance time of the waveform are closely related to the deformation, vibration and other states of the blade.

[0041] In addition, this embodiment not only embeds a thin-film capacitive sensor to form an intelligent sensing casing, but also embeds thin-film capacitive sensors 8 at multiple positions on the circumference of the sensing casing 11 to form an embedded sensor array. Therefore, when the engine rotates one circle, the blades sweep across the sensor array, generating multiple Gaussian-like pulse signals, thereby greatly enriching the non-contact blade status monitoring data. Further in-depth analysis shows that when the blade to be tested sweeps across the thin-film capacitive sensor 8, the capacitance value between the two plates will be affected by the combined influence of the following two key parameters and produce regular changes: Changes in the distance between the plates: The complex movement of the blades during high-speed rotation causes the effective distance between the two plates to be dynamically adjusted. This change directly and significantly affects the capacitance value.

[0042] Change in effective coverage area: The relative displacement between the blade end and the sensor plate causes the overlap area between the plates to change, which in turn has a significant impact on the capacitance value.

[0043] The synergistic effect of the above two key parameters makes each blade pass through the sensor and form a time domain signal with typical Gaussian distribution characteristics. The peak value of this signal corresponds precisely to the minimum distance between the blade tip and the sensor, and its morphological characteristics are as follows: Figure 5By collecting and analyzing these signals, we can obtain rich and comprehensive information about the blade status, providing a strong and reliable basis for accurately evaluating the health status of the blade.

[0044] The generated capacitance change signal will be transmitted to the signal conditioning circuit of the onboard blade health signal processing unit box to start working. The signal modulation circuit converts the received capacitance change signal into a voltage waveform signal similar to a Gaussian pulse. This conversion is to enable subsequent modules to better identify and process the signal, because the Gaussian pulse voltage waveform signal has specific characteristics, which is convenient for parameter extraction and analysis.

[0045] The data acquisition and processing module of the onboard blade health signal processing unit box receives the converted Gaussian pulse-like voltage waveform signal. Through a series of algorithms and technologies, the module can extract key parameters such as blade tip clearance and blade vibration from the signal, that is, calculate the amplitude and frequency of blade vibration as blade vibration data based on the arrival time change of the voltage waveform signal and obtain the tip clearance information through the peak voltage change of the signal.

[0046] When the rotating blades sweep across the film sensing surface at high speed, the capacitance value will change, and eventually a Gaussian-like voltage waveform signal will be formed; by collecting the voltage waveform signal at high speed and precision, the absolute time when the blade passes through the center of the probe can be accurately obtained. In actual operation, if the blade vibrates, the absolute time when it passes through the center of the probe will be advanced or delayed. Based on this time variation characteristic, the vibration of the blade can be accurately and efficiently analyzed by processing the tip timing data. This non-contact rotating blade vibration data processing method based on the tip timing principle has powerful functions and excellent performance. It can accurately identify key parameters such as tip clearance, amplitude and frequency of blade vibration, thereby realizing online real-time monitoring of all blades and providing comprehensive, accurate and timely data support for engine health status assessment.

[0047] S2 specifically includes: S2-1, acquiring corresponding historical blade vibration data and historical blade tip clearance information as historical blade parameter information according to the blade parameter information; S2-2, acquiring the blade state characteristic change data and the historical blade state characteristic change data according to the historical blade parameter information and the blade parameter information; S2-2-1, obtaining a deviation value of blade vibration data and a deviation value of blade tip clearance information respectively according to the historical blade parameter information and the blade parameter information as a blade parameter information deviation; S2-2-2, obtaining a deviation threshold of blade vibration data and a deviation threshold of blade tip clearance information according to the blade parameter information deviation as a blade parameter information deviation threshold; S2-2-3, judging whether the blade parameter information deviations all meet the blade parameter information deviation threshold, if so, reacquire the blade parameter information and return to S2-1, otherwise, execute S2-2-4; S2-2-4. Determine whether the blade parameter information deviation partially meets the blade parameter information deviation threshold. If so, obtain the corresponding blade parameter information as the blade state characteristic change data based on the blade parameter information deviation that does not meet the blade parameter information deviation threshold, and obtain the corresponding blade parameter information as the historical blade state characteristic change data based on the blade parameter information deviation that meets the blade parameter information deviation threshold. Otherwise, obtain the corresponding blade parameter information as the blade state characteristic change data using the blade parameter information deviation, and obtain the corresponding historical blade state characteristic change data based on the blade state characteristic change data.

[0048] Specifically, the historical data trend monitoring module acquires blade parameter information such as blade vibration data and blade tip clearance information, and then conducts an in-depth analysis of the information. The currently acquired data is compared with the historical data accumulated over a long period of time, and the trend of parameter changes over time is observed to discover the characteristic changes in the blade state, that is, the deviation value between the current data and the historical data is calculated. If all the deviations meet the threshold, the blade parameter information is re-acquired. If the deviation does not meet the preset threshold, the blade tip clearance, blade vibration frequency and amplitude show abnormal fluctuations, then it is considered that the blade state has changed significantly, and the corresponding blade parameter information is recorded as blade state characteristic change data for subsequent health status assessment. At the same time, the corresponding historical blade state characteristic change data is acquired based on the blade state characteristic change data; if the deviation part does not meet the preset threshold, the corresponding blade parameter information is acquired as blade state characteristic change data based on the blade parameter information deviation that does not meet the blade parameter information deviation threshold, and the corresponding blade parameter information is acquired as historical blade state characteristic change data based on the blade parameter information deviation that meets the blade parameter information deviation threshold.

[0049] S3 specifically includes: S3-1, taking the historical blade state characteristic change data as input, and the blade health status information corresponding to the historical blade state characteristic change data as output, and constructing a blade health status model based on a support vector machine; S3-2, inputting the blade state characteristic change data into the blade health state model to obtain blade health state information corresponding to the blade state characteristic change data as the non-contact detection result of the rotating blade state.

[0050] Specifically, based on the blade status characteristic change data analyzed by the historical data trend monitoring module, the blade health management module uses the data learning algorithm to learn this data. Selecting a suitable machine learning or deep learning model (such as support vector machine, random forest, neural network, etc.) for training can establish a blade health status model, thereby realizing the monitoring of the blade health status. For example, when data learning finds that the tip clearance exceeds the normal range of variation, or the blade vibration characteristics are significantly different from the model in the healthy state, the system will determine that the blade may have health problems.

[0051] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0052] The present invention is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0053] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0054] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-contact detection device for the state of a rotating blade based on an embedded casing, characterized in that: It includes a sensing casing located outside the fan blade, and an onboard blade health signal processing unit box connected to the sensing casing; The sensing housing is used to obtain data from a thin-film capacitive sensor; The onboard blade health signal processing unit box is used to obtain the non-contact detection result of the rotating blade state according to the thin film capacitive sensor data; The onboard blade health signal processing unit box includes a signal conditioning circuit module, a data acquisition and processing module, a historical data trend monitoring module and a blade health management module; The signal conditioning circuit module is used to obtain the voltage waveform signal of the rotating blade using the thin film capacitance sensor data; The data acquisition and processing module is used to obtain blade parameter information according to the voltage waveform signal of the rotating blade; The historical data trend monitoring module is used to obtain blade state characteristic change data and historical blade state characteristic change data according to the blade parameter information; The blade health management module is used to obtain the non-contact detection result of the rotating blade state according to the blade state characteristic change data and the historical blade state characteristic change data; Wherein, the sensing casing is embedded with a thin-film capacitive sensor.

2. A non-contact detection device for rotating blade state based on an embedded casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing casing comprises a lead, a carbon fiber layer, a honeycomb layer and an easy-to-wear layer; Wherein, the sensing casing is connected to the onboard blade health signal processing unit box through the lead, and the thin film capacitive sensor is embedded between the carbon fiber layer and the honeycomb layer or between the honeycomb layer and the easy-to-wear layer.

3. The non-contact detection device for rotating blade state based on an embedded casing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The thin film capacitive sensor is composed of a core electrode, an inner shielding layer, an outer shielding layer and a cable; Wherein, the core pole, the inner shielding layer and the outer shielding layer are insulated from each other.

4. A non-contact detection device for rotating blade state based on an embedded casing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the thin film capacitive sensor is 0.5-1 mm.

5. A non-contact detection device for rotating blade state based on an embedded casing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thin film capacitive sensor includes a plurality of micropores or a micropore array.

6. A non-contact detection method for the state of a rotating blade based on an embedded casing, using the method of the device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1, using thin-film capacitive sensor data to obtain blade parameter information; S2. Acquire blade state characteristic change data and historical blade state characteristic change data according to the blade parameter information; S3. Obtaining a non-contact detection result of a rotating blade state according to the blade state characteristic change data and the historical blade state characteristic change data.

7. A non-contact detection method for rotating blade status based on an embedded casing according to claim 6, characterized in that: Using thin-film capacitive sensor data to obtain blade parameter information includes: S1-1, using the sensing casing to obtain the capacitance value change signal of the rotating blade as the thin film capacitance sensor data; S1-2, obtaining a voltage waveform signal of the rotating blade using a signal conditioning circuit according to the data of the thin film capacitance sensor; S1-3, obtaining the arrival time variation characteristics and the peak voltage variation characteristics of the voltage waveform signal according to the voltage waveform signal of the rotating blade; S1-4, acquiring the amplitude and frequency of blade vibration as blade vibration data according to the arrival time variation characteristics of the voltage waveform signal; S1-5, obtaining blade tip clearance information according to the peak voltage variation characteristics of the voltage waveform signal; S1-6. Acquire the blade vibration data and the blade tip clearance information as the blade parameter information.

8. The non-contact detection method of the rotating blade state based on the embedded casing according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Acquiring blade state characteristic change data and historical blade state characteristic change data according to the blade parameter information includes: S2-1, acquiring corresponding historical blade vibration data and historical blade tip clearance information as historical blade parameter information according to the blade parameter information; S2-2, acquiring the blade state characteristic change data and the historical blade state characteristic change data according to the historical blade parameter information and the blade parameter information; S2-2-1, obtaining a deviation value of blade vibration data and a deviation value of blade tip clearance information respectively according to the historical blade parameter information and the blade parameter information as a blade parameter information deviation; S2-2-2, obtaining a deviation threshold of blade vibration data and a deviation threshold of blade tip clearance information according to the blade parameter information deviation as a blade parameter information deviation threshold; S2-2-3, judging whether the blade parameter information deviations all meet the blade parameter information deviation threshold, if so, reacquire the blade parameter information and return to S2-1, otherwise, execute S2-2-4; S2-2-4. Determine whether the blade parameter information deviation partially meets the blade parameter information deviation threshold. If so, obtain the corresponding blade parameter information as the blade state characteristic change data based on the blade parameter information deviation that does not meet the blade parameter information deviation threshold, and obtain the corresponding blade parameter information as the historical blade state characteristic change data based on the blade parameter information deviation that meets the blade parameter information deviation threshold. Otherwise, obtain the corresponding blade parameter information as the blade state characteristic change data using the blade parameter information deviation, and obtain the corresponding historical blade state characteristic change data based on the blade state characteristic change data.

9. The non-contact detection method of the rotating blade state based on the embedded casing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Acquiring the non-contact detection result of the rotating blade state according to the blade state characteristic change data and the historical blade state characteristic change data includes: S3-1, taking the historical blade state characteristic change data as input, and the blade health status information corresponding to the historical blade state characteristic change data as output, and constructing a blade health status model based on a support vector machine; S3-2. Input the blade health status model according to the blade state characteristic change data to obtain blade health status information corresponding to the blade state characteristic change data as the non-contact detection result of the rotating blade state.

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