Soil thickness surveying equipment for land surveying and mapping

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of geological survey equipment, and discloses a soil layer thickness surveying device for land surveying and mapping, comprising a main unit, a telescopic mechanism disposed at the bottom of the main unit, and a cutting mechanism disposed at the bottom of the telescopic mechanism; the cutting mechanism is used to cut off the sampled soil core; the telescopic mechanism comprises a connecting shaft disposed at the bottom of the main unit, the connecting shaft being capable of transmitting the force from the main unit, an outer cylinder disposed at the bottom of the connecting shaft, an inner cylinder disposed inside the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder being capable of coring the soil layer, limiting holes symmetrically provided at the top of the outer cylinder, short shafts symmetrically provided at the top of the inner cylinder, the short shafts being only able to move up and down when inside the limiting holes, a slot provided on the side of the short shaft away from the connecting shaft, and a support shaft disposed at the top of the outer cylinder. The telescopic mechanism realizes an independent extension function, and the cutting mechanism realizes cutting off the bottom of the soil core, thereby preventing the core from falling off when it is extracted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological survey equipment, and in particular to a soil layer thickness surveying device for land surveying and mapping. Background Art

[0002] Soil thickness survey equipment is primarily used in land surveying to measure soil layer structure. This equipment utilizes the coring principle, using a drilling mechanism to penetrate the soil and obtain soil samples. The equipment primarily consists of an impact component and a drill rod. It can penetrate soil layers of varying hardness, while the sampling tube ensures the integrity and original state of the soil core. During operation, the operator can adjust the drilling depth and speed according to actual needs. The retrieved soil core samples provide a visual representation of the thickness, texture, and structural characteristics of each soil layer. Furthermore, this equipment is highly portable and easy to operate, improving the efficiency of land surveying.

[0003] Traditional survey equipment is widely used in the geological field, but due to limitations in its structure and operating principles, it often presents several significant challenges. For example, due to design limitations, soil thickness survey equipment used in traditional land surveying lacks a telescopic function, which creates certain operational inconveniences. To increase drilling depth, the drill rod assembly must be extended through a series of tedious manual steps. This often requires specialized tools to assemble the drill rods one by one, a complex and time-consuming process that reduces efficiency. Furthermore, these devices fail to effectively cut the bottom of the soil core during the drill rod extraction process. This issue can result in the core not being disconnected during extraction, increasing the risk of the core falling out during extraction. This risk not only affects the accuracy of soil thickness measurements but can also damage the core sample, compromising subsequent soil quality analysis. Therefore, the limitations of these traditional equipment have, to a certain extent, limited the efficiency and quality of land surveying results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems in the existing technology that the soil thickness survey equipment cannot be extended, the operation of extending the drill rod is cumbersome, and the bottom of the soil core cannot be cut off, a soil thickness survey equipment for land surveying is proposed.

[0005] The purpose is to make the drill rod more convenient to extend and to cut the bottom of the soil core to prevent the soil core from falling out when it is lifted.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is a soil layer thickness surveying device for land surveying and mapping, comprising a main machine, a telescopic mechanism arranged at the bottom of the main machine, and a cutting mechanism arranged at the bottom of the telescopic mechanism;

[0007] The cutting mechanism is used to cut the sampled soil core;

[0008] The telescopic mechanism includes a connecting shaft arranged at the bottom of the main body, the connecting shaft transmits the power of the main body, an outer cylinder arranged at the bottom of the connecting shaft, an inner cylinder arranged on the inner side of the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder coring the soil layer, a limiting hole symmetrically opened at the top of the outer cylinder, a short shaft symmetrically arranged at the top of the inner cylinder, the short shaft can only move up and down when inside the limiting hole, a clamping groove opened on the side of the short shaft away from the connecting shaft, a support shaft arranged at the top of the outer cylinder, a torsion spring sleeved on the outside of the support shaft, two swing arms jointly arranged on the outside of the torsion spring, and an axial hole jointly opened at the top of the two swing arms, two ends of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the axial hole, the middle part of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the middle of the axial hole, a clamping block arranged at the end of the swing arm away from the support shaft, the side of the clamping block close to the short shaft is clamped on the inner side of the clamping groove, and a limiting unit arranged at the bottom of the outer cylinder for limiting the telescopic distance of the inner cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the portion of the rotary arm between the support shaft and the clamping block is arc-shaped, and the two rotary arms intersect each other near the support shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the limiting unit includes an annular groove provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder, side grooves symmetrically provided on both sides of the annular groove, a lifting ring arranged at the bottom of the outer cylinder, a ring plate provided at the top of the lifting ring, a tension spring sleeved on the inner side of the ring plate, the top and bottom of the tension spring are respectively fixedly connected to the outer cylinder and the lifting ring, a support plate symmetrically provided at the top of the annular groove, a sleeve provided at the bottom of the support plate, a pin provided on the inner side of the sleeve, a spring provided on the side of the pin close to the support plate, both ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the pin and the sleeve, an inclined hole provided at the top of the pin, a baffle provided on the inner side of the inclined hole, the bottom of the baffle is fixedly connected to the lifting ring, jacks symmetrically provided on the side of the annular groove away from the support plate, and an arc groove symmetrically provided at the top of the inner cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, a circular groove is formed on a side of the latch close to the spring, and the diameter of the latch matches the height of the arc groove.

[0012] Furthermore, an inclined plate is provided on the top of the retaining frame, and the inclined plate and the inclined hole have the same inclination angle.

[0013] Furthermore, the cutting mechanism includes a semicircular special-shaped groove opened at the bottom of the inner cylinder, a curved hole opened at the bottom of the special-shaped groove, a fixed shaft arranged on the inner side of the special-shaped groove, a sleeve arranged on the outer side of the fixed shaft, a cutting line arranged on the outer side of the sleeve, a wire coil arranged on the side of the cutting line away from the sleeve, a spring arranged on the inner side of the wire coil, a sliding shaft arranged on the inner side of the spring, a rotating sleeve arranged at the bottom end of the outer cylinder, and a plurality of blades arranged in an annular array on the outer side of the rotating sleeve, and the bottom of the sliding shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, an annular connecting groove is provided at the bottom of the inner cylinder, and the bottom of the rotating sleeve is in the shape of a circular cutting edge.

[0015] Furthermore, the height of the special-shaped groove matches the height of the sliding shaft, and the centers of the special-shaped groove and the curved hole are on the same axis.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. By setting up a telescopic mechanism, an independent extension function is achieved without the help of other equipment. The design of the telescopic mechanism enables the drill rod to be stretched, thereby directly increasing the drilling depth. In actual operation, the operator can quickly increase the length of the equipment according to the detection needs, simplifying the traditional complex assembly process. This design improves the portability of the equipment, especially in a changing working environment, and can quickly adapt to the detection tasks of different soil thicknesses. The integration of the telescopic mechanism not only maintains the compactness of the equipment, but also enables the equipment to adapt to different depth requirements, making soil thickness survey work more efficient and flexible.

[0018] 2. By setting up a cutting mechanism, the bottom of the soil core is cut off to prevent it from falling off when the soil core is taken out. The design of the cutting mechanism ensures that the bottom of the soil core can be neatly cut during the extraction process, thereby maintaining the integrity of the soil core. This function enables the operator to smoothly remove the soil core from the ground, avoiding the loss of samples due to the failure to disconnect the bottom of the soil core. The integration of the cutting mechanism enhances the reliability of the equipment in soil layer detection, ensures the collection quality of soil core samples, and provides more reliable sample support for subsequent soil analysis.

[0019] 3. By setting up a rotating sleeve, the equipment is easier to penetrate the soil layer. The design of the rotating sleeve allows the operator to control the position of the cutting line by rotation, thereby turning on or off the cutting function of the soil core. When penetrating into the soil layer, the use of the rotating sleeve improves the guidance and stability of the equipment, ensuring the smoothness of the drilling process. When it is necessary to cut the soil core, the operator only needs to adjust the rotating sleeve to adjust the position of the cutting line to achieve cutting at the bottom of the soil core. This design makes the soil core not easy to fall off during the extraction process, ensuring the integrity of the sample. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the connecting shaft and the outer cylinder of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer cylinder of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of area A;

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary arm and torsion spring of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the connection between the torsion spring and the rotary arm of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the inner cylinder structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the limiting hole structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the support plate and the annular groove of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the latch and the retaining frame of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cutting mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 A magnified view of area B;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the special-shaped groove structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the special-shaped groove and the curved hole of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the fixed shaft and the shaft sleeve of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the relative positions of the ring plate and the tension spring of the present invention.

[0036] In the picture:

[0037] 1. Main unit; 2. Telescopic mechanism; 3. Cutting mechanism; 21. Connecting shaft; 22. Outer cylinder; 23. Inner cylinder; 24. Limiting hole; 25. Short shaft; 26. Slot; 27. Support shaft; 28. Torsion spring; 29. Swing arm; 210. Shaft hole; 211. Block; 212. Ring groove; 213. Side groove; 214. Lifting ring; 215. Ring plate; 216. Tension spring; 217. Support plate; 218. Sleeve; 219. Latch; 220. Spring; 221. Oblique hole; 222. Stop frame; 223. Socket; 224. Arc groove; 31. Special-shaped groove; 32. Fixed shaft; 33. Bushing; 34. Cutting line; 35. Wire coil; 36. Spring; 37. Sliding shaft; 38. Rotating sleeve; 39. Blade; 310. Bent hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Example 1, with reference to Figures 1-16 , which is a first embodiment of the present invention, provides a soil layer thickness surveying device for land surveying and mapping, including a main body 1, a telescopic mechanism 2 installed at the bottom of the main body 1, and a cutting mechanism 3 installed at the bottom of the telescopic mechanism 2; the cutting mechanism 3 is used to cut the sampled soil core; the telescopic mechanism 2 includes a connecting shaft 21 slidably connected to the bottom of the main body 1, the connecting shaft 21 transmits the power of the main body 1, an outer cylinder 22 fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting shaft 21, an inner cylinder 23 slidably connected to the inner side of the outer cylinder 22, the outer cylinder 22 and the inner cylinder 23 are used to coring the soil layer, a limiting hole 24 is symmetrically opened on the top of the outer cylinder 22, a short shaft 25 symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the inner cylinder 23, the short shaft 25 is fixedly connected to the limiting hole 24 When inside, it can only move up and down, with a slot 26 provided on the side of the short shaft 25 away from the connecting shaft 21, a support shaft 27 fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder 22, a torsion spring 28 sleeved on the outside of the support shaft 27, two swing arms 29 fixedly connected to the outside of the torsion spring 28, and an axial hole 210 provided on the top of the two swing arms 29. The two ends of the torsion spring 28 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the axial hole 210, the middle part of the torsion spring 28 is fixedly connected to the middle of the axial hole 210, a block 211 fixedly connected to the end of the swing arm 29 away from the support shaft 27, the side of the block 211 close to the short shaft 25 is clamped on the inner side of the slot 26, and a limit unit assembled at the bottom of the outer cylinder 22 for limiting the telescopic distance of the inner cylinder 23.

[0040] Specifically, after the main engine 1 is started, the connecting shaft 21 is hammered, and the connecting shaft 21 can transmit the force to the outer cylinder 22. The outer cylinder 22 can accommodate the inner cylinder 23 and can accommodate the soil core. The inner cylinder 23 can cut into the soil layer, and the short shaft 25 can be inserted into the limiting hole 24 to constrain the rotation freedom of the inner cylinder 23. The card slot 26 can cooperate with the card block 211 to prevent the short shaft 25 and the inner cylinder 23 from moving up and down. The support shaft 27 can constrain the torsion spring 28 and the swing arm 29 so that the two can only rotate with the support shaft 27 as the center. The torsion spring 28 can apply the force to the swing arm 29, so that the two swing arms 29 and the card block 211 The connected ends are close to each other, and the independent extension function is achieved through the telescopic mechanism 2 without the help of other equipment. The design of the telescopic mechanism 2 enables the drill rod to be stretched, thereby directly increasing the drilling depth. In actual operation, the operator can quickly increase the length of the equipment according to the detection needs, simplifying the traditional complex assembly process. This design improves the portability of the equipment, especially in a changing working environment, and can quickly adapt to the detection tasks of different soil thicknesses. The integration of the telescopic mechanism 2 not only maintains the compactness of the equipment, but also enables the equipment to adapt to different depth requirements, making soil thickness survey work more efficient and flexible.

[0041] Reference Figure 5-Figure 6 The portion of the rotary arm 29 between the support shaft 27 and the block 211 is arc-shaped, and the two rotary arms 29 intersect each other near the support shaft 27 .

[0042] Specifically, the two rotating arms 29 are constrained by the support shaft 27 and therefore rotate around the support shaft 27 when subjected to force.

[0043] Reference Figure 3-Figure 4 , Figure 7-Figure 16 The limiting unit includes an annular groove 212 provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder 22, side grooves 213 symmetrically provided on both sides of the annular groove 212, a lifting ring 214 abutting against the bottom of the outer cylinder 22, a ring plate 215 fixedly connected to the top of the lifting ring 214, a tension spring 216 sleeved on the inner side of the ring plate 215, the top and bottom of the tension spring 216 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 22 and the lifting ring 214, a support plate 217 symmetrically fixedly connected to the top of the annular groove 212, a sleeve 218 fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate 217, and a sliding connection between the support plate 217 and the lifting ring 214. The latch 219 on the inner side of the sleeve 218 is fixedly connected to the spring 220 on the side of the latch 219 close to the support plate 217. The two ends of the spring 220 are fixedly connected to the latch 219 and the sleeve 218 respectively. An inclined hole 221 is provided at the top of the latch 219, and a baffle 222 is slidably connected to the inner side of the inclined hole 221. The bottom of the baffle 222 is fixedly connected to the lifting ring 214. The sockets 223 are symmetrically provided on the side of the annular groove 212 away from the support plate 217, and the arc grooves 224 are symmetrically provided on the top of the inner cylinder 23.

[0044] Specifically, the annular groove 212 can accommodate moving parts such as the tension spring 216. The lifting ring 214 can block the bottom of the annular groove 212 by cooperating with the bottom of the outer cylinder 22. The outer side of the ring plate 215 can fit the inner wall of the annular groove 212, so that the ring plate 215 and the lifting block can move along the axis of the inner cylinder 23. The tension spring 216 can make the top of the lifting block fit with the bottom of the outer cylinder 22 without external force. The support plate 217 can provide a fixed point for the sleeve 218, and the sleeve 218 can constrain the movement direction of the pin 219. The latch 219 can cooperate with the arc groove 224 to constrain the extension length of the inner tube 23. The spring 220 can exert a force on the latch 219 so that the latch 219 can be inserted into the arc groove 224 after being aligned with the arc groove 224. The latch 219 can be connected to the retaining frame 222 through the inclined hole 221. After the retaining frame 222 moves down a certain distance, the latch 219 can be withdrawn from the arc groove 224. The insertion hole 223 can allow the latch 219 to pass through. The arc groove 224 can form a constraint on the inner tube 23 after the latch 219 is inserted.

[0045] Reference Figure 7-10A circular groove is formed on the side of the latch 219 close to the spring 220 , and the diameter of the latch 219 matches the height of the arc-shaped groove 224 .

[0046] Specifically, the latch 219 is accommodated by the spring 220 in the circular groove to expand and contract inside. The diameter of the latch 219 can be inserted into the interior of the arc-shaped groove 224 and can be rotated laterally along the arc-shaped groove 224.

[0047] Reference Figure 10 An inclined plate is provided on the top of the retaining frame 222 , and the inclined plate has the same inclination angle as the inclined hole 221 .

[0048] Specifically, during the lifting process, the inclined plate can contact the inner walls on both sides of the inclined hole 221 , thereby squeezing the inclined hole 221 to cause the latch 219 to be displaced.

[0049] Example 2, reference Figures 1-16 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: the cutting mechanism 3 includes a semicircular special-shaped groove 31 opened at the bottom of the inner cylinder 23, a curved hole 310 opened at the bottom of the special-shaped groove 31, a fixed shaft 32 fixedly connected to the inner side of the special-shaped groove 31, a sleeve 33 rotatably connected to the outer side of the fixed shaft 32, a cutting line 34 fixedly connected to the outer side of the sleeve 33, a wire coil 35 fixedly connected to the side of the cutting line 34 away from the sleeve 33, a spring 36 fixedly connected to the inner side of the wire coil 35, a sliding shaft 37 fixedly connected to the inner side of the spring 36, a rotating sleeve 38 rotatably connected to the bottom end of the outer cylinder 22, and a plurality of blades 39 fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating sleeve 38 in an annular array, and the bottom of the sliding shaft 37 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 38.

[0050] Specifically, the special-shaped groove 31 can form a space that allows the moving parts to move inside, the fixed shaft 32 can constrain the shaft sleeve 33 so that it can only rotate in the original position, the shaft sleeve 33 can rotate after being pulled by the cutting line 34, the wire coil 35 can reel or unreel the cutting line 34 when rotating in different directions, and the cutting line 34 can cut the soil core when it is tightened and rotated, the clockwork 36 can drive the wire coil 35 to reel the cutting line 34 after the cutting line 34 is relaxed, the sliding shaft 37 can slide along the special-shaped groove 31, and the rotating sleeve 38 can drive the sliding shaft 37 to move when it rotates relative to the inner cylinder 23, and the blade 39 can make the inner cylinder 23 keeps penetrating into the soil layer along the direction of the axis and can constrain the rotating block so that it can only move up and down in the soil layer. Under the action of the cutting mechanism 3, the device cuts off the bottom of the soil core to prevent it from falling off when the soil core is taken out. The design of the cutting mechanism 3 ensures that the bottom of the soil core can be neatly cut during the extraction process, thereby maintaining the integrity of the soil core. This function enables the operator to smoothly remove the soil core from the ground, avoiding the loss of samples due to the failure to disconnect the bottom of the soil core. The integration of the cutting mechanism 3 enhances the reliability of the equipment in soil layer detection, ensures the collection quality of soil core samples, and provides more reliable sample support for subsequent soil analysis.

[0051] Reference Figure 11-Figure 15 The bottom of the inner cylinder 23 is provided with an annular connecting groove, and the bottom of the rotating sleeve 38 is in the shape of a circular cutting edge.

[0052] Specifically, the inner cylinder 23 is connected to the rotary block through an annular groove, and the blade-shaped bottom of the rotary sleeve 38 can concentrate the force, thereby facilitating cutting into the soil layer. After the rotary sleeve 38 is set, the equipment is easier to penetrate into the soil layer. The design of the rotary sleeve 38 allows the operator to control the position of the cutting line 34 by rotation, thereby turning on or off the cutting function of the soil core. When penetrating into the soil layer, the use of the rotary sleeve 38 improves the guidance and stability of the equipment, ensuring the smoothness of the drilling process. When the soil core needs to be cut, the operator only needs to adjust the rotary sleeve 38, and the position of the cutting line 34 can be adjusted to achieve cutting of the bottom of the soil core. This design makes the soil core not easy to fall off during the extraction process, thereby ensuring the integrity of the sample.

[0053] Reference Figure 11-14 The height of the special-shaped groove 31 matches the height of the sliding shaft 37, and the centers of the special-shaped groove 31 and the curved hole 310 are on the same axis.

[0054] Specifically, the special-shaped groove 31 can guide the sliding shaft 37 to rotate around its own center of circle and can keep the sliding shaft 37 in a vertical state. The rest of the structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0055] In summary, the working principle of the present invention is as follows: the bottom of the device rotating sleeve 38 is vertically pressed against the top of the soil layer. After starting the main unit 1, the main unit 1 transmits the impact to the outer cylinder 22 through the connecting shaft 21. The outer cylinder 22 inserts the rotating sleeve 38 into the soil layer through the inner cylinder 23, thereby obtaining the soil core. When it is necessary to obtain a deeper soil layer, the two blocks 211 are moved away from each other by squeezing the rotary arm 29 away from one end of the block 211, and then the outer cylinder 22 is lifted. At this time, the inner cylinder 23 will keep the bottom under the action of gravity. When the outer cylinder 22 moves upward and contacts the soil layer, the outer cylinder 22 moves upward and drives the latch 219 to move together. When the latch 219 moves to the same height as the arc groove 224, it will be inserted into the arc groove 224 under the action of the spring 220. At this time, the latch 219 can slide inside the arc groove 224, and the latch 219 will drive the inner cylinder 23 to move together when it moves up and down. The outer cylinder 22 moves upward and extends the inner cylinder 23, so that it can be inserted into a deeper soil layer. Before lifting the device, the outer cylinder 22 is rotated. After the latch 219 is driven to rotate to the end of the arc groove 224, the inner cylinder 23 will be driven to rotate together. The rotating sleeve 38 cannot rotate because the blades 39 are embedded in the soil layer to form a constraint. Therefore, relative rotation occurs between the rotating sleeve 38 and the inner cylinder 23. While the rotating sleeve 38 is rotating relative to each other, it drives the sliding shaft 37, the mainspring 36 and the wire coil 35 to move along the special-shaped groove 31 in the direction away from the fixed shaft 32. As the distance between the coil and the sleeve 33 increases, the cutting line 34 is gradually tightened. At the same time, the soil core is cut so that the soil core breaks from the cut surface during the lifting process, thereby preventing the soil core from exiting the inner tube 23 due to being pulled during the lifting process. After the inner tube 23 is lifted out of the soil layer, the lifting ring 214 is pulled from the position of the side groove 213, so that the lifting ring 214 drives the pin 219 to retract into the inside of the ring groove 212 through the retaining frame 222, so that the inner tube 23 can be separated from the outer tube 22, and then the soil core is led out from the inner tube 23 and the outer tube 22 for height measurement, thereby obtaining the thickness of the soil layer.

[0056] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil thickness surveying device for land surveying and mapping, comprising a main unit, characterized in that: It also includes a telescopic mechanism disposed at the bottom of the main body, and a cutting mechanism disposed at the bottom of the telescopic mechanism; The cutting mechanism is used to cut the sampled soil core; The telescopic mechanism includes a connecting shaft arranged at the bottom of the main body, the connecting shaft transmits the power of the main body, an outer cylinder arranged at the bottom of the connecting shaft, an inner cylinder arranged on the inner side of the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder coring the soil layer, a limiting hole symmetrically opened at the top of the outer cylinder, a short shaft symmetrically arranged at the top of the inner cylinder, the short shaft can only move up and down when inside the limiting hole, a clamping slot opened on the side of the short shaft away from the connecting shaft, a support shaft arranged at the top of the outer cylinder, a torsion spring sleeved on the outside of the support shaft, two swing arms jointly arranged on the outside of the torsion spring, and an axial hole jointly opened at the top of the two swing arms, two ends of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the axial hole, the middle part of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the middle of the axial hole, a clamping block arranged at the end of the swing arm away from the support shaft, the side of the clamping block close to the short shaft is clamped on the inner side of the clamping slot, and a limiting unit arranged at the bottom of the outer cylinder for limiting the telescopic distance of the inner cylinder; The limiting unit includes an annular groove provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder, side grooves symmetrically provided on both sides of the annular groove, a lifting ring provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder, an annular plate provided at the top of the lifting ring, a tension spring sleeved on the inner side of the annular plate, the top and bottom of the tension spring are respectively fixedly connected to the outer cylinder and the lifting ring, a support plate symmetrically provided at the top of the annular groove, a sleeve provided at the bottom of the support plate, a latch provided on the inner side of the sleeve, a spring provided on the side of the latch close to the support plate, both ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the latch and the sleeve, and a support plate provided at the top of the annular groove. The inclined hole at the top of the latch is provided with a baffle on the inner side of the inclined hole, the bottom of the baffle is fixedly connected to the lifting ring, the plug holes are symmetrically opened on the side of the ring groove away from the support plate, and the arc groove is symmetrically opened on the top of the inner tube. The upward movement of the outer tube will drive the latch to move together. When the latch moves to the same height as the arc groove, it will be inserted into the arc groove under the action of the spring. After the inner tube is lifted out of the soil layer, the lifting ring is pulled from the position of the side groove, so that the lifting ring drives the latch to retract into the inside of the ring groove through the baffle, so that the inner tube can be separated from the outer tube.

2. The soil thickness surveying equipment for land surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The portion of the rotary arm between the support shaft and the clamping block is in an arc shape, and the two rotary arms intersect each other near the support shaft.

3. The soil thickness surveying equipment for land surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular groove is provided on one side of the latch pin close to the spring, and the diameter of the latch pin matches the height of the arc groove.

4. The soil thickness surveying equipment for land surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inclined plate is provided on the top of the retaining frame, and the inclined plate has the same inclination angle as the inclined hole.

5. The soil thickness surveying equipment for land surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting mechanism includes a semicircular special-shaped groove provided at the bottom of the inner cylinder, a curved hole provided at the bottom of the special-shaped groove, a fixed shaft arranged on the inner side of the special-shaped groove, a sleeve arranged on the outer side of the fixed shaft, a cutting wire arranged on the outer side of the sleeve, a wire coil arranged on the side of the cutting wire away from the sleeve, a spring arranged on the inner side of the wire coil, a sliding shaft arranged on the inner side of the spring, a rotating sleeve arranged at the bottom end of the outer cylinder, and a plurality of blades arranged in an annular array on the outer side of the rotating sleeve. The bottom of the sliding shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating sleeve. By rotating the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder drives the pin to rotate to the end of the arc groove, which will drive the inner cylinder to rotate together. The rotating sleeve is constrained by the blades embedded in the soil layer and cannot rotate. Therefore, relative rotation occurs between the rotating sleeve and the inner cylinder. While the rotating sleeve rotates relative to each other, it drives the sliding shaft, the spring and the wire coil to move along the special-shaped groove in a direction away from the fixed shaft. As the distance between the coil and the sleeve increases, the cutting wire is gradually tightened, and the soil core is cut while the cutting wire is tightened.

6. The soil thickness surveying equipment for land surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner cylinder is provided with an annular connecting groove, and the bottom of the rotating sleeve is in the shape of a circular cutting edge.

7. The soil thickness surveying equipment for land surveying and mapping according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shape of the special-shaped groove is semicircular, and the height of the special-shaped groove matches the height of the sliding shaft.

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