Seepage test device for surrounding rock and reinforced area in tunnel engineering

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock testing, and discloses a seepage test device for surrounding rock and reinforcement areas in tunnel engineering, comprising a central column, an intermediate box body, a lower box body, an upper box body, and two sets of position adjustment mechanisms, wherein: a bottom plate is fixed to the bottom end of the central column; the intermediate box body is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the central column; the lower box body is rotatably sleeved on the bottom of the central column; the upper box body is rotatably sleeved on the bottom of the central column; and the two sets of position adjustment mechanisms are used to change the axial and radial positions of the lower box body and the upper box body on the central column, respectively. This device adopts a central column, an intermediate box body, and an upper and lower box body structure, and can be combined into different model cavities by adjusting the positions of different components, thereby adapting to the seepage test requirements of various combinations of surrounding rock and reinforcement materials, and supporting free combination testing of various materials, thereby improving the adaptability of the test, and convenient operation. The present invention realizes precise adjustment of the box body position through axial and radial position adjustment mechanisms, which is convenient for rapid switching of test combinations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock testing, in particular to a surrounding rock and reinforcement zone seepage test device in tunnel engineering. Background Art

[0002] In tunnel engineering, the seepage properties of surrounding rock and reinforced areas are crucial factors affecting structural safety and construction stability. In practical engineering, surrounding rock and reinforcement materials often exhibit complex structures and heterogeneous materials. This leads to significant permeability differences between different areas and complex water flow paths, making the study of seepage patterns and the development of relevant models challenging.

[0003] Although some studies have attempted to simulate the seepage characteristics of surrounding rock and reinforced areas through physical testing, the existing seepage test equipment has the following shortcomings:

[0004] Most devices have a single structure and fixed combination form, which makes it difficult to flexibly simulate different structural combinations between the surrounding rock and the reinforcement area;

[0005] The test materials are inconvenient to replace and install, resulting in long test cycles and low efficiency;

[0006] The sealing effect of some devices is poor, which easily causes head loss during the test and affects the accuracy of the data;

[0007] Therefore, it is urgent to design a seepage test device with flexible structure, convenient assembly, good sealing performance, and the ability to realistically simulate the combined structure of various surrounding rocks and reinforcement materials, so as to improve the test efficiency and data accuracy and meet the needs of engineering research and design. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to solve the technical problems raised in the background technology, the present invention provides a seepage test device for surrounding rock and reinforcement area in tunnel engineering.

[0009] The present invention adopts the following technical solution to achieve: a seepage test device for surrounding rock and reinforcement area in tunnel engineering, comprising a central column, a middle box body, a lower box body, an upper box body and two sets of position adjustment mechanisms, and:

[0010] A base plate is fixed to the bottom end of the center column;

[0011] The middle box body is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the central column;

[0012] The lower box body is rotatably sleeved on the bottom of the central column;

[0013] The upper box body is rotatably sleeved on the bottom of the central column;

[0014] The two sets of position adjustment mechanisms are used to change the axial and radial positions of the lower box body and the upper box body on the central column respectively.

[0015] Wherein: a plurality of test holes of the same number are distributed circumferentially in the middle box body, the lower box body and the upper box body, and the test holes in the middle box body, the lower box body and the upper box body can be connected and combined to form different seepage test model cavities;

[0016] A lower sealing plate is detachably mounted on the bottom of each test hole, and an upper sealing mechanism is mounted on the position adjustment mechanism above the test hole, thereby sealing the formed model cavity.

[0017] The test holes in the middle box body are used to lay the prepared surrounding rock materials, and the lower box body and the upper box body are used to lay the prepared reinforcement area materials to conduct seepage tests on surrounding rocks and reinforcement areas of different materials.

[0018] The present invention uses a lower box body and an upper box body with adjustable positions to facilitate the laying of different test materials in each test hole, and then forms a model cavity formed by a combination of different test holes through combination, ultimately realizing the seepage test of surrounding rocks and reinforced areas formed by simulating different materials. It is easy to operate and has a wide range of applicability, and can effectively improve work efficiency.

[0019] As a further improvement to the above solution, the position adjustment mechanism includes a mounting plate, an axial adjustment member, and a radial adjustment unit. The mounting plate is rotatably mounted on the central column via a plurality of guide support mechanisms. One end of the axial adjustment member is connected to the mounting plate, and the output end of the axial adjustment member is connected to the lower or upper box body. The radial adjustment unit is used to drive the mounting plate to rotate the corresponding lower or upper box body. The present invention utilizes the axial adjustment member to move the lower and upper boxes closer to or further away from the middle box body, so that different test hole combinations form the model cavity.

[0020] As a further improvement to the above solution, the radial adjustment unit includes a ring gear coaxially fixed to the outside of the center column, a position adjustment motor fixed to a mounting plate, and a drive gear connected to the output shaft of the position adjustment motor, the drive gear meshing with the ring gear. The radial adjustment unit of the present invention further expands the range of test hole combinations and obtains more test samples.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above scheme, several groups of guide support mechanisms are arranged on the upper and lower sides of each mounting plate. The guide support mechanisms are distributed radially along the center column. The guide support mechanisms include a fixed block and a guide wheel rotatably mounted on the fixed block. The fixed block is detachably mounted on the center column, and the wheel surface of the guide wheel is in rolling contact with the surface of the mounting plate.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above scheme, overflow holes connected to each test hole are provided in the lower box body, the middle box body and the upper box body, permeable stones are laid at different depths in the test holes, a sealing cover or a hose connection assembly is installed at the test hole, and the test hole equipped with the hose connection assembly is used as an overflow hole or a liquid inlet hole, one end of the hose connection assembly is connected to the permeable stone, the other end of the hose connection assembly is connected to the hose, and the other end of the hose is connected to an external liquid supply system or a pressure measuring system.

[0023] After the combination is determined, one of the hose connection assemblies is used to connect the liquid supply system to add uniform head pressure to the sample in the model cavity, and the other hose connection assembly is used to connect the pressure measurement system to measure the seepage pressure, thereby obtaining the pressure difference between the liquid inlet and outlet.

[0024] As a further improvement to the above solution, a docking hole is provided on the side of the permeable stone, and the hose connection assembly includes a hard docking tube and an external clamping unit. The inner end of the docking tube is inserted into the docking hole and sealed therewith, and the outer end of the docking tube is sealedly connected to the hose via the external clamping unit. This solution facilitates installation and disassembly, and facilitates the construction of the test system.

[0025] As a further improvement of the above scheme, an annular groove coaxial with the outer port of the docking hole is provided on the periphery thereof, and the external clamping unit includes a clamping sleeve and a fixing sleeve, wherein: the fixing sleeve is coaxially fixed to the outer ring side wall of the annular groove, one side of the inner wall of the fixing sleeve is provided with an internal thread, and the other side of the inner wall of the fixing sleeve is axially distributed with a plurality of annular bosses, and the height of the annular bosses gradually increases from the outside to the inside, and the corresponding hose is inserted into the annular groove, one section of the outer wall of the clamping sleeve is provided with an external thread, and the other section of the outer wall of the clamping sleeve is circumferentially distributed with a plurality of axially extending cracks, and when the clamping sleeve and the fixing sleeve are spirally tightened, the annular boss squeezes the side of the clamping sleeve with the crack, so that the clamping sleeve presses the hose against the inner ring side wall of the annular groove.

[0026] As a further improvement of the above solution, a sealing sleeve is provided on the outer side of the portion of the butt joint pipe located at the test hole, and the side of the sealing sleeve close to the permeable stone is a tapered section, and the end face of the tapered section is in contact with the outer surface of the permeable stone.

[0027] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned solution, a flared port is provided at the outer end of the docking hole, a clamping sleeve is fixed at the flared port, a plurality of pin grooves are distributed on the inner wall of the clamping sleeve, a plurality of strip grooves are distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the docking tube, and a clamping unit that is clamped with the pin groove is provided in each strip groove.

[0028] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the clamping unit includes a movable clamping plate, a pin column, a movable pin, and a return spring, wherein: the middle part of the movable clamping plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the strip groove through a connecting shaft, the pin column and the movable pin are respectively arranged at both ends of the strip groove and can slide along the depth direction of the strip groove, the two side end parts of the movable clamping plate are placed below the pin column and the movable pin, the return spring is installed in the strip groove, and one end of the return spring is used to contact the movable clamping plate. When the sealing sleeve gradually approaches the permeable stone, the sealing sleeve presses the movable pin to drive the movable clamping plate to rotate, thereby pushing the pin column outward and clamping it with the corresponding pin groove.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] Strong applicability and modular design:

[0031] This device adopts a central column, an intermediate box body, and an upper and lower box body structure. By adjusting the positions of different components, different model cavities can be combined to meet the seepage test needs of various combinations of surrounding rocks and reinforcement materials. The present invention supports free combination testing of multiple materials, improves the adaptability of the test, and is easy to operate and has high test efficiency: the present invention uses axial and radial position adjustment mechanisms to achieve precise adjustment of the box body position, which is convenient for rapid switching of test combinations.

[0032] The device features a clamping structure and multi-stage limiter slots for connecting the external clamping unit to the hose, ensuring a secure, loose-proof connection and reliable test data. A wide range of pressure measurement and fluid supply system interfaces are available: Each test port can be flexibly connected to an external fluid supply or pressure measurement system via a hose assembly, enabling real-time monitoring of fluid inflow and outflow pressures.

[0033] This device is easy to assemble and disassemble, featuring a compact structure and minimal space. Components utilize plug-in, threaded, and snap-on connections, resulting in a stable structure and easy replacement, allowing for rapid construction and reuse. A central column serves as the primary load-bearing structure, with multiple boxes and adjustment devices arranged around it, creating a highly integrated, compact test device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the seepage test device proposed in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a front view of the overall structure of the seepage test device proposed by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Cross-sectional view at AA;

[0037] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B;

[0038] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of point A;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the hose connection assembly and the permeable stone of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C.

[0041] Description of main symbols:

[0042] In the figure: 1, bottom plate; 2, mounting plate; 3, lower box body; 4, middle box body; 5, upper box body; 7, driving member; 8, center column; 9, driving gear; 10, gear ring; 11, guide support mechanism; 12, hose connection assembly; 13, test hole; 14, axial adjustment member; 15, position adjustment motor; 16, upper sealing plate; 18, permeable stone; 19, annular groove; 20, annular boss; 21, clamping sleeve; 21 01. External thread; 2102. Clamping section; 22. Fixing sleeve; 23. Sealing sleeve; 2301. Tapered section; 24. Butt joint; 2401. Strip groove; 25. Hose; 26. Crack; 27. Docking hole; 2701. Flaring; 28. Snap sleeve; 29. Movable clamping plate; 30. Pin; 31. Pin groove; 32. Movable pin; 33. End; 34. Connecting shaft; 35. Spring groove; 36. Return spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] Reference Figure 1-Figure 7 The present invention proposes a tunnel engineering surrounding rock and reinforcement area seepage test device, comprising a central column 8, a middle box body 4, a lower box body 3, an upper box body 5, and two sets of position adjustment mechanisms, and:

[0046] The bottom end of the central column 8 is fixed with a bottom plate 1; the middle box body 4 is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the central column 8;

[0047] The lower box body 3 is rotatably sleeved on the bottom of the central column 8; the upper box body 5 is rotatably sleeved on the bottom of the central column 8;

[0048] The two sets of position adjustment mechanisms are used to change the axial and radial positions of the lower box body 3 and the upper box body 5 on the central column 8 respectively.

[0049] In this embodiment: four test holes 13 are distributed circumferentially in the middle box body 4, the lower box body 3 and the upper box body 5, and the test holes 13 in the middle box body 4, the lower box body 3 and the upper box body 5 can be connected and combined into different seepage test model cavities; the shape of the test hole 13 can be a circular hole or a rectangular hole.

[0050] A lower sealing plate (not shown in the figure, which can be fixed by bolts) is detachably installed at the bottom of each test hole 13, and an upper sealing mechanism is installed at the position adjustment mechanism located above, thereby sealing the formed model cavity; the upper sealing mechanism includes a driving member 7 and an upper sealing plate 16, the driving member 7 is fixed on the mounting plate 2, and the output end of the driving member 7 is connected to the upper sealing plate 16. When the driving member 7 works, the upper sealing plate 16 can be driven to seal above the model cavity formed at the corresponding position, thereby sealing the model cavity from above. The driving member 7 can be an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0051] Furthermore, when laying the rock sample in the model cavity, the upper sealing plate 16 can be driven back and forth by the driving member 7, and the sample therein can also be compacted. Figure 3 The driving member 7 can drive the sealing plate 16 to pass through the mold cavity in the upper box body 5 and the middle box body 4, and then extend into the mold cavity in the lower box body 3. Therefore, the sealing plate 16 can be used to compact the samples in the model cavities in the upper box body 5, the middle box body 4, and the lower box body 3.

[0052] The test hole 13 in the middle box body 4 is used for laying the prepared surrounding rock material, and the lower box body 3 and the upper box body 5 are used for laying the prepared reinforcement area material to carry out seepage tests on surrounding rocks and reinforcement areas of different materials.

[0053] The specific test combination can be that the middle box body 4 is spliced with the lower box body 3 to simulate the seepage test of the surrounding rock and the reinforced area below through the model cavity formed by the two test holes 13; the middle box body 4 is spliced with the upper box body 5 to simulate the seepage test of the surrounding rock and the reinforced area above. When the middle box body 4 is spliced with the lower box body 3 and the upper box body 5, the seepage test of the surrounding rock and the reinforced areas on both sides is simulated.

[0054] The present invention facilitates the laying of different test materials in each test hole 13 by using the lower box body 3 and the upper box body 5 whose positions can be adjusted, and then forms a model cavity formed by the combination of different test holes 13, thereby finally achieving the seepage test of the surrounding rock and reinforcement area formed by simulating different materials. The operation is convenient and the applicability is wide, which can effectively improve the work efficiency.

[0055] In this embodiment, the position adjustment mechanism includes a mounting plate 2, an axial adjustment member 14, and a radial adjustment unit. The mounting plate 2 is rotatably mounted on the center column 8 via a plurality of guide support mechanisms 11. One end of the axial adjustment member 14 is connected to the mounting plate 2, and the output end of the axial adjustment member 14 is connected to the lower box body 3 or the upper box body 5. The radial adjustment unit is used to drive the mounting plate 2 to rotate the corresponding lower box body 3 or upper box body 5. The present invention utilizes the axial adjustment member 14 to move the lower box body 3 and the upper box body 5 closer to or farther from the intermediate box body 4, so that different test holes 13 are combined to form a model cavity. Specifically, the axial adjustment member 14 can be an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0056] In this embodiment, the radial adjustment unit comprises a ring gear 10 coaxially fixed to the outside of the center column 8, a position adjustment motor 15 fixed to the mounting plate 2, and a drive gear 9 connected to the output shaft of the position adjustment motor 15. The drive gear 9 meshes with the ring gear 10. The radial adjustment unit further expands the range of testable hole 13 combinations, allowing for a greater number of test samples. The position adjustment motor 15 can be a servo motor, which is powered by an external power supply.

[0057] It should be noted that several groups of guide support mechanisms 11 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of each mounting plate 2. The guide support mechanisms 11 are distributed radially along the center column 8. The guide support mechanisms 11 include a fixed block and a guide wheel (not marked) rotatably mounted on the fixed block (not marked). The fixed block is detachably mounted on the center column 8, and the wheel surface of the guide wheel is in rolling contact with the surface of the mounting plate 2.

[0058] In this solution, overflow holes connected to each test hole 13 are provided in the lower box body 3, the middle box body 4, and the upper box body 5. Permeable stones 18 are laid at different depths in the test holes 13. A sealing cover or a hose connection assembly 12 is installed at the test hole 13, and the test hole 13 with the hose connection assembly 12 is used as an overflow hole or a liquid inlet hole. One end of the hose connection assembly 12 is connected to the permeable stone 18, and the other end of the hose connection assembly 12 is connected to the hose 25. The other end of the hose 25 is connected to an external liquid supply system or a pressure measuring system.

[0059] After determining the different combinations of the lower, upper, and intermediate boxes 3, 5, and 4, one hose connector assembly 12 is used to connect the liquid supply system to apply a uniform head pressure to the specimen within the mold cavity. Another hose connector assembly 12 is used to connect the pressure measurement system to measure the seepage pressure, thereby obtaining the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet liquids. The pressure measurement system can use a mercury U-tube. The change in the mercury height difference within the U-tube is the water pressure difference, which can be directly read based on the scale lines on the outside. This is a prior art technique and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] In this solution, a docking hole 27 is provided on the side of the permeable stone 18. The hose connection assembly 12 comprises a rigid docking tube 24 and an external snap-fit unit. The inner end of the docking tube 24 is inserted into and sealed against the docking hole 27. The outer end of the docking tube 24 is sealedly connected to the hose 25 via the external snap-fit unit. This solution facilitates installation and disassembly, facilitating test system setup. The rigid docking tube 24 prevents external pressure from interfering with the water pressure flowing within it during the seepage test, resulting in more accurate and reliable test results.

[0061] Reference Figure 4-Figure 7 It is worth mentioning that the outer periphery of the outer port of the docking hole 27 is provided with an annular groove 19 coaxial therewith, and the external clamping unit includes a clamping sleeve 21 and a fixing sleeve 22, wherein: the fixing sleeve 22 is coaxially fixed to the outer ring side wall of the annular groove 19, one side of the inner wall of the fixing sleeve 22 is provided with an internal thread, and the other side of the inner wall of the fixing sleeve 22 is axially distributed with a plurality of annular bosses 20, the height of the annular boss 20 gradually increases from the outside to the inside, and the corresponding hose 25 is inserted into the annular groove 19, one section of the outer wall of the clamping sleeve 21 is provided with an external thread 2101, and the other section of the clamping sleeve 21 is a clamping section 2102, and a plurality of axially extending cracks 26 are circumferentially distributed on the outer wall of the clamping section 2102, and when the clamping sleeve 21 and the fixing sleeve 22 are screwed together, the annular boss 20 squeezes the side of the clamping sleeve 21 provided with the crack 26, so that the clamping sleeve 21 presses the hose 25 against the inner ring side wall of the annular groove 19.

[0062] Furthermore, a sealing sleeve 23 is provided on the outer side of the portion of the butt joint 24 located at the test hole. The side of the sealing sleeve 23 close to the permeable stone 18 is a tapered section 2301 , and the end face of the tapered section 2301 is in contact with the outer surface of the permeable stone 18 .

[0063] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, a flare 2701 is provided at the outer end of the docking hole 27, and a snap-on sleeve 28 is fixed at the flare 2701. A plurality of pin grooves 31 are distributed on the inner wall of the snap-on sleeve 28, and a plurality of strip grooves 2401 are distributed circumferentially on the outer wall of the docking tube 24. A snap-on unit that snaps into contact with the pin groove 31 is provided in each strip groove 2401.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 7Furthermore, the clamping unit includes a movable clamping plate 29, a pin 30, a movable pin 32, and a return spring 36, wherein: the middle part of the movable clamping plate 29 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the strip groove 2401 through a connecting shaft 34, the pin 30 and the movable pin 32 are respectively provided at both ends of the strip groove 2401 and can slide along the depth direction of the strip groove 2401, and the two end portions 33 on both sides of the movable clamping plate 29 respectively abut against the bottom of the pin 30 and the movable pin 32. Thus, when one of the pin 30 and the movable pin 32 moves toward the inside of the strip groove 2401, the other moves toward the outside of the strip groove 2401. A return spring 36 is installed in the strip groove 2401, and one end of the return spring 36 is used to contact the movable clamping plate 29. When the sealing sleeve 23 gradually approaches the permeable stone 18, the sealing sleeve 23 presses the movable pin 32, driving the movable clamping plate 29 to rotate, thereby pushing the pin 30 outward and engaging it with the corresponding pin groove 31. In this solution, to ensure the stable operation of the return spring 36, a spring groove 35 is provided in the strip groove 2401. The return spring 36 is installed in the spring groove 35 to maintain the position of the return spring 36.

[0065] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and replacements made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. Seepage test device for surrounding rock and reinforcement area in tunnel engineering, characterized by: include A central column (8) having a bottom plate (1) fixed to its bottom end; An intermediate box body (4) is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the central column (8); The lower box body (3) is rotatably sleeved on the bottom of the central column (8); An upper box body (5) is rotatably sleeved on the bottom of the central column (8); and Two sets of position adjustment mechanisms, which are used to change the axial and radial positions of the lower box body (3) and the upper box body (5) on the central column (8); Wherein: a plurality of test holes (13) of the same number are distributed circumferentially in the middle box body (4), the lower box body (3) and the upper box body (5), and the test holes (13) in the middle box body (4), the lower box body (3) and the upper box body (5) can be connected and combined to form different seepage test model cavities; A lower sealing plate is detachably mounted on the bottom of each test hole (13), and an upper sealing mechanism is mounted on the position adjustment mechanism above the test hole (13), thereby sealing the formed model cavity; The test hole (13) in the middle box body (4) is used for laying the prepared surrounding rock material, and the lower box body (3) and the upper box body (5) are used for laying the prepared reinforcement area material to conduct seepage tests on surrounding rocks and reinforcement areas of different materials.

2. The tunnel engineering surrounding rock and reinforcement area seepage test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position adjustment mechanism includes a mounting plate (2), an axial adjustment member (14) and a radial adjustment unit. The mounting plate (2) is rotatably sleeved on the central column (8) through a plurality of guide support mechanisms (11). One end of the axial adjustment member (14) is connected to the mounting plate (2). The output end of the axial adjustment member (14) is connected to the lower box body (3) or the upper box body (5). The radial adjustment unit is used to drive the mounting plate (2) to drive the corresponding lower box body (3) or the upper box body (5) to rotate.

3. The device for testing the surrounding rock and reinforced area seepage in tunnel engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radial adjustment unit comprises a ring gear (10) coaxially fixed to the outside of the center column (8), a position adjustment motor (15) fixed on the mounting plate (2), and a driving gear (9) connected to the output shaft of the position adjustment motor (15), wherein the driving gear (9) and the ring gear (10) are meshed.

4. The device for testing the surrounding rock and reinforced area seepage in tunnel engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of guide support mechanisms (11) are provided on the upper and lower sides of each mounting plate (2). The guide support mechanisms (11) are distributed along the radial direction of the central column (8). The guide support mechanisms include a fixed block and a guide wheel rotatably mounted on the fixed block. The fixed block is detachably mounted on the central column (8). The wheel surface of the guide wheel is in rolling contact with the surface of the mounting plate (2).

5. The seepage test device for surrounding rock and reinforced area in tunnel engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: Overflow holes communicating with the respective test holes (13) are provided in the lower box body (3), the middle box body (4), and the upper box body (5). Permeable stones (18) are laid at different depths in the test holes (13). A sealing cover or a hose connection assembly (12) is installed at the test hole (13), and the test hole (13) equipped with the hose connection assembly (12) is used as an overflow hole or a liquid inlet hole. One end of the hose connection assembly (12) is connected to the permeable stone (18), and the other end of the hose connection assembly (12) is connected to the hose (25). The other end of the hose (25) is connected to an external liquid supply system or a pressure measuring system.

6. The device for testing the seepage of surrounding rock and reinforced areas in tunnel engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: A docking hole (27) is provided on the side of the permeable stone (18). The hose connection assembly (12) comprises a hard docking tube (24) and an external clamping unit. The inner end of the docking tube (24) is inserted into the docking hole (27) and sealed therewith. The outer end of the docking tube (24) is sealedly connected to the hose (25) via the external clamping unit.

7. The device for testing the seepage of surrounding rock and reinforced areas in tunnel engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the outer end of the docking hole (27) is provided with an annular groove (19) coaxial with the outer end thereof, and the outer clamping unit comprises a clamping sleeve (21) and a fixing sleeve (22), wherein: the fixing sleeve (22) is coaxially fixed to the outer ring side wall of the annular groove (19), one side of the inner wall of the fixing sleeve (22) is provided with an internal thread, and the other side of the inner wall of the fixing sleeve (22) is provided with a plurality of annular bosses (20) distributed along the axial direction, and the height of the annular bosses (20) gradually increases from the outside to the inside, and the corresponding soft The tube (25) is inserted into the annular groove (19), one section of the outer wall of the clamping sleeve (21) is provided with an external thread (2101), and the other section of the outer wall of the clamping sleeve (21) is circumferentially distributed with a plurality of axially extending cracks (26), and when the clamping sleeve (21) and the fixed sleeve (22) are screwed together, the annular boss (20) squeezes the side of the clamping sleeve (21) provided with the crack (26), so that the clamping sleeve (21) presses the hose (25) against the inner ring side wall of the annular groove (19).

8. The device for testing the seepage of surrounding rock and reinforced areas in tunnel engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer side of the portion of the butt joint pipe (24) located at the test hole is provided with a sealing sleeve (23); the side of the sealing sleeve (23) close to the permeable stone (18) is a tapered section (2301), and the end face of the tapered section (2301) is in contact with the outer surface of the permeable stone (18).

9. The device for testing the seepage of surrounding rock and reinforced areas in tunnel engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that: A flared opening (2701) is provided at the outer end of the docking hole, a clamping sleeve (28) is fixed at the flared opening (2701), a plurality of pin grooves (31) are distributed on the inner wall of the clamping sleeve (28), a plurality of strip grooves (2401) are distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the docking tube (24), and a clamping unit is provided in each strip groove (2401) for clamping with the pin groove (31).

10. The device for testing the seepage of surrounding rock and reinforced areas in tunnel engineering according to claim 9, characterized in that: The clamping unit includes a movable clamping plate (29), a pin (30), a movable pin (32), and a return spring (36), wherein: the middle part of the movable clamping plate (29) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the strip groove (2401) through a connecting shaft (34), the pin (30) and the movable pin (32) are respectively arranged at both ends of the strip groove (2401) and can slide along the depth direction of the strip groove (2401), and the two side ends (33) of the movable clamping plate (29) are respectively placed below the pin (30) and the movable pin (32), and the return spring (36) is installed in the strip groove (2401), and one end of the return spring (36) is used to contact the movable clamping plate (29). When the sealing sleeve (23) gradually approaches the permeable stone, the sealing sleeve (23) presses the movable pin (32) to drive the movable clamping plate (29) to rotate, thereby pushing the pin (30) outward and clamping it with the corresponding pin groove (31).

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