Expandable light shield of spatial large-aperture optical system

Abstract

The invention relates to an expandable light shield of a spatial large-aperture optical system. The expandable light shield comprises an expanding mechanism, a light shielding skin and a plurality of pressing and releasing mechanisms. The unfolding mechanism comprises two supporting rings and a plurality of elastic supporting rods, the two supporting rings are coaxially arranged at intervals, the elastic supporting rods are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the supporting rings at intervals, and the two ends of the elastic supporting rods are connected with the two supporting rings respectively. The multiple pressing and releasing mechanisms are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the supporting ring at intervals. Each pressing and releasing mechanism comprises a locking seat, a locking rod and a self-unlocking type limiting stopper, the locking seats and the locking rods are installed on the supporting rings respectively, when the locking rods are inserted into the locking seats, the shading skin is folded, and when the locking rods are unlocked by the self-unlocking type limiting stoppers, the shading skin is unfolded and restored to the original length under the action of the elastic supporting rods. Under the condition that the enveloping space and the weight are not obviously increased, the light shield with enough length is realized by adopting a ground folding compression and space release expansion mode, and a good solar evasion angle effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of space optical systems, and in particular to a deployable light shield for a space large-aperture optical system. Background Art

[0002] Space optoelectronic products, especially optoelectronic systems in the infrared band, often need to adopt a large-aperture design due to considerations of the power of their effects. However, once the aperture is increased and the optical system is exposed to sunlight in a space environment, the temperature rises and brings stray radiation, affecting the detection effect.

[0003] Conventional sunshades are difficult to apply to large-aperture optical systems. The main reason is that as the aperture increases, the size and weight of the sunshade also increase accordingly. Due to the constraints of space and launch weight, it is difficult to meet the requirements of the launch system. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sunshade that meets the requirements of large-aperture optical systems in space. Summary of the invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a deployable sunshade that provides sufficient length without significantly increasing the envelope space and weight.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a deployable light shield for a spatial large-aperture optical system, comprising:

[0006] The deployment mechanism includes two support rings and a plurality of elastic support rods, wherein the two support rings are coaxially arranged at intervals, one of the support rings is used to connect with the optical system, and the plurality of elastic support rods are evenly spaced around the circumference of the support rings, and both ends of each elastic support rod are respectively connected with the two support rings;

[0007] The light-shielding skin is cylindrical in shape, and its two ends are connected to two supporting rings respectively;

[0008] Multiple clamping and releasing mechanisms are evenly spaced along the circumference of the support ring, and each clamping and releasing mechanism includes a locking seat, a locking rod and a self-unlocking limiter. The locking seat and the locking rod are respectively installed on a support ring. The length of the locking rod is less than the axial length of the light-shielding skin when it is in the unfolded state. When the locking rod is inserted into the locking seat, the light-shielding skin is folded, the distance between the two support rings becomes smaller, the elastic support rod is bent, and the self-unlocking limiter can lock the locking rod to the locking seat. When it needs to be unfolded, the self-unlocking limiter releases the lock on the locking rod, and under the action of the elastic support rod, the light-shielding skin unfolds and returns to its original length.

[0009] Optionally, the elastic support rod includes two elastic sheets, the cross section of the elastic sheet is approximately Ω-shaped, and the two elastic sheets are symmetrically arranged and connected to form a pod rod structure.

[0010] Optionally, the elastic sheet is made of QBe2 beryllium bronze material, and the yield strength after heat treatment is required to be no less than 1000 MPa, and the elastic modulus is 110-130 GPa.

[0011] Optionally, the elastic support rod is installed on the support ring through a connecting seat, and the connecting seat is fixedly installed on the support ring. A block is also provided on the connecting seat, and the shape of the block matches and fits the internal space shape of the elastic support rod. Two first fixing holes set at intervals are provided on the block, and the elastic support rod is provided with a second fixing hole corresponding to the two first fixing holes. The elastic support rod is sleeved on the block, and the elastic support rod is fixed to the connecting seat by rivets or pins passing through the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole.

[0012] Optionally, the light-shielding skin is a multi-layer composite film structure, including a load-bearing layer and a light-shielding layer, the load-bearing layer is a polyimide silk cloth material, and the light-shielding layer is a black polyimide film material.

[0013] Optionally, the surface density of the polyimide silk cloth material is 45 to 55 g / m 2 The tensile strength is not less than 130N / cm;

[0014] The thickness of the black polyimide film material is 25 μm;

[0015] The surface density of the composite light-shielding skin is 270g / m 2 .

[0016] Optionally, the surface of the light-shielding layer is sprayed with matte black paint with a light absorption rate greater than 98%.

[0017] Optionally, the self-unlocking limiter is a memory alloy pin puller, a pin hole is provided on the locking rod, and a through hole corresponding to the pin hole is provided on the locking seat. After the memory alloy pin puller is inserted into the through hole and the pin hole, the locking rod is locked. The memory alloy pin puller is connected to a power supply line. After power is turned on, the memory alloy pin puller contracts and releases the locking rod to complete unlocking.

[0018] Optionally, the memory alloy pin puller adopts dual independent power supplies.

[0019] Optionally, the support ring includes a clamping ring and a flange, the end of the light-shielding skin is pressed between the clamping ring and the flange, and the clamping ring and the flange can be bolted and fixed.

[0020] The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] The present invention provides a deployable sunshade for a spatial large-aperture optical system, comprising an unfolding mechanism, a sunshade skin and a plurality of compression and release mechanisms. The unfolding mechanism comprises two support rings and a plurality of elastic support rods, the two support rings are coaxially arranged at intervals, the plurality of elastic support rods are evenly spaced around the circumference of the support rings, and the two ends are respectively connected to the two support rings. A plurality of compression and release mechanisms are evenly spaced along the circumference of the support rings. Each compression and release mechanism comprises a locking seat, a locking rod and a self-unlocking stopper, the locking seat and the locking rod are respectively mounted on a support ring, and the length of the locking rod is less than the axial length of the sunshade skin in the unfolded state, when the locking rod is inserted into the locking seat, the sunshade skin is folded, and when the self-unlocking stopper releases the lock on the locking rod, the sunshade skin is unfolded and restored to its original length under the action of the elastic support rod. Without significantly increasing the envelope space and weight, a sunshade of sufficient length is achieved by adopting the method of ground folding and compression and space release and unfolding, so as to achieve a good sun avoidance angle effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings of the present invention are provided for illustrative purposes only, and the proportions and quantities of the components in the drawings may not necessarily be consistent with the actual products.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a folded state of a deployable sunshade of a spatial large-aperture optical system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the unfolded state of the unfoldable light shield of the spatial large-aperture optical system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic front view of the end direction of an elastic support rod in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A bottom view of the middle elastic support rod;

[0027] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light-shielding skin in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 is a front view schematic diagram of a support ring in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of part A in FIG.

[0030] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A bottom view of the middle support ring;

[0031] Fig. 9 yes Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of part B in FIG.

[0032] Fig.10 is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting socket in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 is a structural schematic diagram of a compression and release mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of a self-unlocking limiter in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure:

[0036] 1: Support ring;

[0037] 11: Clamping ring;

[0038] 12: Flange;

[0039] 2: Elastic support rod;

[0040] 21: elastic sheet;

[0041] 22: second fixing hole;

[0042] 3: Shading skin;

[0043] 31: bearing layer;

[0044] 32: light shielding layer;

[0045] 33: Matte black paint;

[0046] 4: Locking seat;

[0047] 5: Locking rod;

[0048] 6: Self-unlocking limiter;

[0049] 7: Connecting seat;

[0050] 71: stopper;

[0051] 711: first fixing hole;

[0052] 72: Pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] like Figure 1 and Fig.11 As shown, the deployable sunshade for a spatial large-aperture optical system provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises a deployment mechanism, a sunshade skin and a plurality of compression and release mechanisms. Figure 1 Only one support rod and one pressing and releasing mechanism are shown.

[0055] See also Figure 2 As shown, the unfolding mechanism includes two support rings 1 and a plurality of elastic support rods 2, the two support rings 1 are coaxially spaced, one of the support rings 1 is used to connect with the optical system to realize the connection between the light shield and the optical system, and a flange connection or a threaded connection or the like can be used. A plurality of elastic support rods 2 are evenly spaced around the circumference of the support ring 1, and the number can be two, three, four, etc. The two ends of each elastic support rod 2 are respectively connected to the two support rings 1. In this embodiment, the elastic support rod 2 can be in the form of a sheet or a rod to provide power for the unfolding of the light shield. Figure 2 The figure is only used to illustrate that there are multiple support rods, and the clamping and releasing mechanism is omitted.

[0056] The light-shielding skin 3 is cylindrical in shape as a whole, and its two ends are respectively connected to two supporting rings 1 , and is flexible and foldable.

[0057] The plurality of compression and release mechanisms are evenly spaced along the circumference of the support ring 1. For example, the number of the compression and release mechanisms may be two, three or four. Fig.11 As shown, each clamping and releasing mechanism includes a locking seat 4, a locking rod 5 and a self-unlocking limiter 6. The locking seat 4 and the locking rod 5 are respectively installed on a support ring 1, and the length of the locking rod 5 is less than the axial length of the light-shielding skin 3 in the unfolded state. When the locking rod 5 is inserted into the locking seat 4, the light-shielding skin 3 is folded, and the distance between the two support rings 1 becomes smaller, so that the volume of the light-shielding hood becomes smaller, and the elastic support rod 2 is bent to generate a force that can drive the light-shielding hood to unfold. The self-unlocking limiter 6 can lock and fix the locking rod 5 to the locking seat 4 to maintain the folding device of the light-shielding hood. When it is necessary to unfold, the self-unlocking limiter 6 releases the lock on the locking rod 5, and the light-shielding skin 3 unfolds and returns to its original length under the action of the elastic support rod 2.

[0058] When in use, one end of the sunshade is installed in the optical system and in the folded state. When the sunshade needs to work, the self-unlocking limiter 6 releases the lock on the locking rod 5 to unfold the sunshade, that is, without significantly increasing the envelope space and weight, the sunshade of sufficient length is achieved by folding and compressing on the ground and releasing and unfolding in space to achieve a good sun avoidance angle effect. Among them, the design of multiple elastic support rods and multiple compression and release mechanisms ensures the rapidity and high feasibility of its spatial unfolding.

[0059] In one example, the number of the elastic support rods 2 and the compression and release mechanisms are the same, and the compression and release mechanisms and the elastic support rods 2 are evenly and alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.

[0060] In this embodiment, the elastic support rod 2 can be in the form of a sheet or a rod, and only needs to provide sufficient elastic force. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the elastic support rod 2 includes two elastic sheets 21, the cross section of the elastic sheet 21 is approximately Ω-shaped, and the two elastic sheets 21 are symmetrically arranged and connected to form a pod rod structure. Preferably, the elastic sheet 21 is made of QBe2 beryllium bronze material with a thickness of 0.15 mm, and the yield strength after heat treatment is required to be not less than 1000 MPa, and the elastic modulus is 110-130 GPa.

[0061] In one example, see Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 to Figure 9 As shown, the elastic support rod 2 is installed on the support ring 1 through the connecting seat 7, and the connecting seat 7 is fixedly installed on the support ring 1. A block 71 is also provided on the connecting seat 7. The shape of the block 71 matches and fits the internal space shape of the pod rod. Two first fixing holes 711 arranged at intervals are provided on the block 71, and the elastic support rod 2 is provided with a second fixing hole 22 corresponding to the two first fixing holes 711. The elastic support rod 2 is sleeved on the block 71, and the elastic support rod 2 is fixed to the connecting seat 7 by rivets or pins passing through the first fixing hole 711 and the second fixing hole 22.

[0062] When the elastic support rod 2 is a pod rod structure, in order to monitor the bending state of the elastic support rod 2 and then determine whether the sunshade is unfolded, in an example, see Fig.10 As shown, a pressure sensor 72 is provided on the block 71. When the light shield is folded, the elastic support rod 2 will bend against the pressure sensor 72. When the pressure disappears, it can be considered that the elastic support rod 2 is restored and the light shield is unfolded. One pressure sensor 72 can be provided, or multiple pressure sensors 72 can be provided to achieve more precise monitoring. It should be noted that the structure and use of the pressure sensor 72 are both prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0063] In this embodiment, the main function of the sunshade is to block visible light, and it also needs to have many characteristics such as soft texture and good foldability. The design takes into account the requirements of opacity, solar absorption rate of the inner surface, anti-oxygen resistance of the outer surface facing the wind, thermal control requirements, good tear resistance, good flexibility, etc. At the same time, it is also necessary to consider the many years of on-orbit service life. In order to meet multiple design requirements, in one example, see Figure 5As shown, the light-shielding skin 3 is a multi-layer composite film structure, including a load-bearing layer 31 and a light-shielding layer 32. Preferably, the load-bearing layer 31 is a polyimide silk cloth material, and the light-shielding layer 32 is a black polyimide film material. In one example, the surface density of the polyimide silk cloth material is 45 to 55 g / m 2 The tensile strength is not less than 130N / cm. The thickness of the black polyimide film material is 25μm. The surface density of the composite light-shielding skin is 270g / m 2 Further preferably, a matte black paint 33 with a light absorption rate greater than 98% is sprayed on the surface of the light shielding layer 32 .

[0064] In order to prevent the inner part of the shading skin 3 from blocking the field of view and to ensure the fixing reliability of the shading skin 3, in one example, see Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the support ring 1 includes a clamping ring 11 and a flange 12, and the end of the light-shielding skin 3 is pressed between the clamping ring 11 and the flange 12. The clamping ring 11 and the flange 12 can be bolted and fixed.

[0065] In one example, see Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the self-unlocking limiter 6 is a memory alloy pin puller, a pin hole is provided on the locking rod 5, and a through hole corresponding to the pin hole is provided on the locking seat 4. After the memory alloy pin puller is inserted into the through hole and the pin hole, the locking rod 5 is locked. The memory alloy pin puller is connected to a power supply line. After power is turned on, the memory alloy pin puller contracts and releases the locking rod 5 to complete unlocking.

[0066] In order to further improve the reliability of unlocking, in one example, the memory alloy pin puller adopts dual independent power supplies, that is, a redundant design is adopted to improve reliability.

[0067] In some other examples, the self-unlocking limiter 6 uses a fusible metal wire, which is heated and melted by electricity to achieve unlocking and release.

[0068] Any details not described in detail in the present invention are common knowledge or prior art.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. In the absence of a conflict of solutions, the various technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any manner to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0070] In addition, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents, without causing the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deployable sunshade for a spatial large-aperture optical system, characterized in that: include: The deployment mechanism comprises two support rings and a plurality of elastic support rods, wherein the two support rings are coaxially arranged at intervals, one of the support rings is used to connect with the optical system, and the plurality of elastic support rods are evenly spaced around the circumference of the support rings, and both ends of each of the elastic support rods are respectively connected to the two support rings; The light-shielding skin is cylindrical, and its two ends are respectively connected to the two support rings; A plurality of clamping and releasing mechanisms are evenly spaced along the circumference of the support ring, each of the clamping and releasing mechanisms comprises a locking seat, a locking rod and a self-unlocking limiter, the locking seat and the locking rod are respectively mounted on one of the support rings, the length of the locking rod is smaller than the axial length of the light-shielding skin in the unfolded state, when the locking rod is inserted into the locking seat, the light-shielding skin is folded, the distance between the two support rings becomes smaller, the elastic support rod is bent, and the self-unlocking limiter can lock and fix the locking rod to the locking seat, when it needs to be unfolded, the self-unlocking limiter releases the lock on the locking rod, and under the action of the elastic support rod, the light-shielding skin unfolds and returns to its original length.

2. The deployable sunshade for a spatial large-aperture optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic support rod comprises two elastic sheets, the cross section of the elastic sheet is approximately Ω-shaped, and the two elastic sheets are symmetrically arranged and connected to form a pod rod structure.

3. The deployable sunshade for a spatial large-aperture optical system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic sheet is made of QBe2 beryllium bronze material, and the yield strength after heat treatment is required to be no less than 1000 MPa, and the elastic modulus is 110-130 GPa.

4. The deployable sunshade for a spatial large-aperture optical system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic support rod is installed on the support ring through a connecting seat, and the connecting seat is fixedly installed on the support ring. A block is also provided on the connecting seat, and the shape of the block matches and fits the internal space shape of the elastic support rod. Two first fixing holes arranged at intervals are provided on the block, and the elastic support rod is provided with a second fixing hole corresponding to the two first fixing holes. The elastic support rod is sleeved on the block, and the elastic support rod is fixed to the connecting seat by rivets or pins passing through the first fixing hole and the second fixing hole.

5. The deployable sunshade for a spatial large-aperture optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light-shielding skin is a multi-layer composite film structure, including a load-bearing layer and a light-shielding layer. The load-bearing layer is made of a polyimide silk cloth material, and the light-shielding layer is made of a black polyimide film material.

6. The deployable sunshade for a spatial large-aperture optical system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface density of the polyimide silk cloth material is 45-55g / m 2 The tensile strength is not less than 130N / cm; The thickness of the black polyimide film material is 25 μm; The surface density of the composite shading skin is 270g / m 2 .

7. The deployable sunshade for a spatial large-aperture optical system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the light-shielding layer is sprayed with matte black paint with a light absorption rate greater than 98%.

8. The deployable sunshade for a spatial large-aperture optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-unlocking limiter is a memory alloy pin puller, the locking rod is provided with a pin hole, and the locking seat is provided with a through hole corresponding to the pin hole. After the memory alloy pin puller is inserted into the through hole and the pin hole, the locking rod is locked. The memory alloy pin puller is connected to a power supply line. After power is turned on, the memory alloy pin puller contracts and releases the locking rod to complete unlocking.

9. The deployable sunshade for a spatial large-aperture optical system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The memory alloy pin puller adopts dual-circuit independent power supply.

10. The deployable sunshade for a spatial large-aperture optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support ring comprises a clamping ring and a flange, the end of the light-shielding skin is pressed between the clamping ring and the flange, and the clamping ring and the flange can be fastened and fixed by bolts.

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