Early warning system and method for safety construction space in building body
By installing edge position senders at the edges of building buildings and hazardous areas, and combining head-mounted positioning instruments and integrated control cabinets, real-time positioning and safety range monitoring of construction personnel is achieved, and the problem of inability to effectively inform the operators of dangerous areas and inability to avoid hazardous areas during emergency evacuation in the existing technology is solved, and the safety of the construction site is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510417339.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-06
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
The safety space early warning system of the existing building construction site cannot effectively inform the operators of the dangerous areas within the building site, and during emergency evacuation, due to the rapid movement speed, it is impossible to avoid the dangerous areas in time, resulting in an accident.
A safety construction space early warning system is designed for building buildings. By installing edge position senders at the edges of building buildings and dangerous areas, combined with head-mounted positioning instruments and integrated control cabinets, real-time positioning and safety range monitoring of construction personnel is achieved, alarms are triggered in a timely manner and evacuation routes are generated.
The system can quickly notify the operating personnel of the location of the dangerous area when an accident occurs, and dynamically adjust the safety range according to the personnel's movement speed, avoid accidents caused by excessively fast movement and improve the safety of the operating personnel.
Smart Images
Figure CN120108158A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of space warning, and in particular relates to a system and method for warning a safe construction space in a building. Background Art
[0002] Safety space warning usually refers to the warning signal issued in a specific area or region due to some potential security threats or risks; these warnings may involve various safety issues. At present, the construction industry mainly relies on video inspections by surveillance cameras, on-site inspections by safety inspectors, and monitoring and reminders by on-site work supervisors and dedicated guardians to maintain the safety of the work site.
[0003] The existing method of using surveillance balls to monitor and remind construction site safety has the following defects: Workers working on site still cannot directly know the relatively dangerous areas in the construction site. Once a fire or collapse occurs at the construction site, the workers are very likely to enter the dangerous area without knowing it, or even approach the dangerous area unconsciously during emergency evacuation. As the movement speed of workers changes, especially during emergency evacuation, they are unable to avoid dangerous edge areas due to excessive movement speed, resulting in construction accidents due to excessive movement. The existing warning methods cannot provide workers with sufficient reaction distance in this case, so the personal safety of workers still needs to be improved. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a safe construction space early warning system and method in a building, which can enable workers to directly understand the dangerous areas and assist them in evacuating safely, and can also avoid the accidental situation that workers are unable to avoid the dangerous edge areas urgently due to excessively fast movement speed.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A safe construction space early warning system in a building, comprising a building and an integrated control cabinet arranged near the outside of the building, wherein the edges of the building are all equipped with edge position transmitters, and the edges of dangerous areas inside the building are also equipped with edge position transmitters, wherein the dangerous areas include high-altitude falling risk areas, mechanical equipment operation areas, blasting operation areas, temporary power supply areas, object striking areas, collapse and overturning areas, inflammable and explosive storage areas, and confined space operation areas; Among them, the mechanical equipment operation area, temporary power supply area and inflammable and explosive material storage area are equipped with fire detectors; Construction workers wear helmets equipped with head-mounted positioning devices and communication equipment, and the construction workers control the communication equipment in standby mode when working in the dangerous area; The integrated control cabinet is provided with a safety space warning system inside, and the safety space warning system is provided with an accident alarm function and an anti-stall warning function inside.
[0006] The head-mounted locator is internally provided with a distance measurement sensor, a controller, an alarm, a communication module and a power supply.
[0007] The accident alarm function is realized by an information acquisition unit, an evacuation plan unit, an information sending unit, a navigation generation unit and a fire accident acquisition unit arranged inside the safe space warning system, wherein the fire accident acquisition unit is electrically connected to the fire detector; The anti-stall warning function is realized by an anti-stall tracking unit arranged inside the safety space warning system, and the anti-stall tracking unit processes the personnel evacuation process through the inter-frame difference method, the threshold judgment algorithm and the piecewise function algorithm; The safe space warning system is also provided with a dangerous area acquisition unit and a communication unit.
[0008] The information acquisition unit is internally provided with a building structure information unit and a communication information acquisition unit, and the communication information acquisition unit is data-connected with the personnel information big data platform; The building structure information unit is used to obtain the internal structure information of the building, including stairwells and safety passages, and the communication information acquisition unit is used to obtain the communication information of the operators.
[0009] The evacuation plan unit is internally provided with an evacuation information generating unit and an evacuation route generating unit, wherein the evacuation information generating unit is used to edit the evacuation information, the evacuation route generating unit is used to generate the evacuation route, and the navigation generating unit is used to generate the navigation information of the evacuation route, and the evacuation information, the evacuation route and the navigation information are sent to the corresponding communication device through the information sending unit and the communication unit.
[0010] The dangerous area acquisition unit is internally provided with a building edge generation unit, a fence edge generation unit and a transmitter editing unit, wherein the building edge generation unit is used to generate a building edge model, the fence edge generation unit is used to generate a dangerous area fence edge model, and the transmitter editing unit provides an operating platform for technicians to edit the edge position transmitter.
[0011] The anti-stall tracking unit is internally provided with a personnel positioning acquisition unit, a safety range generation unit, a moving speed survey unit and a safety range change unit, wherein the personnel positioning acquisition unit is used to obtain personnel positioning information, the safety range generation unit is used to generate a safety range model with the personnel as the center and a radius d, the moving speed survey unit is used to survey the speed of the personnel during evacuation, and the safety range change unit changes the value of d according to the moving speed information.
[0012] The inter-frame difference method identifies a moving object and measures the moving speed by calculating the pixel difference between two or more consecutive frames; Assume I(x, y, t) and I(x, y, t-1) are the pixel values of the image at position (x, y) at time t and t-1 respectively. The inter-frame difference method detects moving objects by calculating the difference between two adjacent frames of images: D(x, y, t) = |I(x, y, t) - I(x, y, t-1)|, where D(x, y, t) represents the pixel difference at position (x, y) between time t and time t-1. The piecewise function algorithm sets the radius d of the safety area to different values according to the different moving speeds, so as to change the size of the safety area; f(v) = { d 1 , v≤v 1 ;d 2 , v 1 <v≤v 2 ;d 3 , v 2 <v≤v 3 ; ...} Among them, v 1 、v 2 、v 3 , ... are speed thresholds in different intervals, and v is the actual measured speed.
[0013] The operation of the threshold judgment algorithm is divided into the following two situations: First, d is preset as the threshold, and the distance x between the distance measurement sensor and the edge model of the building and the edge model of the enclosure in the dangerous area is measured; If x≤d, the alarm is triggered, otherwise it is not triggered; Second: preset v 1 、v 2 、v 3 , ... are speed thresholds in different intervals, d 1 d 2 d 3 , ... are the values of d in different speed ranges (d 1 <d 2 <d 3 ); v ≤v 1 , d=d 1 ; v 1 <v≤v 2 , d = d 2 ; v 2 <v≤v 3 , d = d 3 ; ... And so on.
[0014] A method for early warning of safe construction space in a building, the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: An accident occurs and dangerous area information is generated; Step 2: Generate evacuation information and evacuation route navigation information, and send them to the employee's communication device; Step 3: Obtain employee location information, and use the frame difference method to detect the movement of personnel and measure their movement speed; Step 4: When the safety range of the employee measured by the controller is close to the dangerous edge area, the alarm is triggered; Step 5: According to the moving speed of the personnel, when the measured moving speed is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the safety range modification is triggered; Step 6: When the speed of personnel movement increases and the new safety range measured by the controller approaches the dangerous edge area, the alarm is triggered.
[0015] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are: According to the present invention, when a fire, collapse or other accident occurs, the evacuation information generation unit edits such information into a text message, the evacuation route generation unit is used to generate an evacuation route, the navigation generation unit is used to generate navigation information of the evacuation route, and the communication unit in the integrated control cabinet is used to send alarms and evacuation information to the communication equipment of the operating personnel, so as to notify the operating personnel of a quick evacuation and enable the operating personnel to directly understand the relatively dangerous areas in the building.
[0016] The present invention can adaptively change the value of the safety distance between the operator and the edge of each model according to the speed of the operator during movement and evacuation, and the faster the speed, the larger the value of the safety distance, so as to avoid the unexpected situation that the personnel cannot urgently avoid the dangerous edge area due to the too fast movement speed, and give the operator a sufficient reaction distance by means of early alarm, thereby greatly improving the safety of the operator when moving quickly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the early warning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the early warning system provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a system integration schematic diagram of a safe space warning system provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a change in a security zone provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a flow chart of the early warning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
[0018] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows: 1. Building; 2. Integrated control cabinet; 3. Edge position transmitter; 4. Head-mounted positioning device; 401. Distance measurement sensor; 402. Controller; 403. Alarm; 404. Communication module; 405. Power supply; 5. Fire detector; 6. Safe space warning system; 601. Information acquisition unit; 602. Evacuation plan unit; 603. Information sending unit; 604. Navigation generation unit; 605. Dangerous area acquisition unit; 606. Fire accident acquisition unit; 607. 07. Anti-stall tracking unit; 608. Communication unit; 609. Building structure information unit; 610. Communication information acquisition unit; 611. Evacuation information generation unit; 612. Evacuation route generation unit; 613. Building edge generation unit; 614. Fence edge generation unit; 615. Transmitter editing unit; 616. Personnel positioning acquisition unit; 617. Safety range generation unit; 618. Moving speed survey unit; 619. Safety range change unit; 7. Communication equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific embodiments of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection of the specific claims of the present invention.
[0020] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a safe construction space early warning system in a building body comprises a building body 1 and an integrated control cabinet 2 arranged near the outside of the building body 1. Edge position transmitters 3 are installed at the edges of the building body 1, and edge position transmitters 3 are also installed at the edges of dangerous areas inside the building body 1. The dangerous areas include high-altitude falling risk areas, mechanical equipment operation areas, blasting operation areas, temporary power supply areas, object impact areas, collapse and overturning areas, flammable and explosive material storage areas and confined space operation areas; wherein, the mechanical equipment operation area, temporary power supply area and flammable and explosive material storage area are equipped with fire detectors 5.
[0021] Refer to the attached Figure 1-Figure 2The construction workers wear a helmet equipped with a head-mounted locator 4 and a communication device 7, and the construction workers control the communication device 7 to be in standby mode when working in a dangerous area; the head-mounted locator 4 is internally provided with a distance measurement sensor 401, a controller 402, an alarm 403, a communication module 404 and a power supply 405.
[0022] According to the above structure, the distance measuring sensor 401 is used to survey the distance between the personnel and the edge of the model, and the edge of the model includes the edge of the building and the edge of the dangerous area, wherein the edge of the building is set by the edge position transmitter 3 at the edge position of the building body 1, and the edge of the dangerous area is set by the edge position transmitter 3 at the dangerous area enclosure. The controller 402 determines whether to trigger the alarm 403 based on the data from the distance measuring sensor 401 and the preset threshold value, and the communication module 404 is used to realize the numerical control link between the head-mounted positioning device 4 and the integrated control cabinet 2.
[0023] Embodiment 1: See attached Figure 2-Figure 3 A safety space warning system 6 is arranged inside the integrated control cabinet 2, and an accident alarm function and an anti-stall warning function are provided inside the safety space warning system 6.
[0024] See attached Figure 3 The accident alarm function is realized by the information acquisition unit 601, the evacuation plan unit 602, the information sending unit 603, the navigation generation unit 604 and the fire accident acquisition unit 606 arranged inside the safe space warning system 6, wherein the fire accident acquisition unit 606 is electrically connected to the fire detector 5; the safe space warning system 6 is also provided with a dangerous area acquisition unit 605 and a communication unit 608.
[0025] See attached Figure 3 The information acquisition unit 601 is internally provided with a building structure information unit 609 and a communication information acquisition unit 610, and the communication information acquisition unit 610 is data-connected with the personnel information big data platform, wherein the building structure information unit 609 is used to obtain the internal structure information of the building body 1, including stairwells and safety passages, and the communication information acquisition unit 610 is used to obtain the communication information of the operating personnel.
[0026] See attached Figure 3 The evacuation plan unit 602 is internally provided with an evacuation information generating unit 611 and an evacuation route generating unit 612, wherein the evacuation information generating unit 611 is used to edit the evacuation information, the evacuation route generating unit 612 is used to generate the evacuation route, and the navigation generating unit 604 is used to generate the navigation information of the evacuation route, and the evacuation information, the evacuation route and the navigation information are sent to the corresponding communication device 7 through the information sending unit 603 and the communication unit 608.
[0027] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when a fire, collapse or other accident occurs, the evacuation information generation unit 611 edits such information into a text message, the evacuation route generation unit 612 is used to generate an evacuation route, and the navigation generation unit 604 is used to generate navigation information of the evacuation route, and with the help of the communication unit 608 in the integrated control cabinet 2, an alarm and evacuation information are sent to the communication equipment 7 of the operator, so as to notify the operator to evacuate quickly, and at the same time enable the operator to directly understand the relatively dangerous areas in the building body 1.
[0028] Embodiment 2: Refer to the attached Figure 3 The dangerous area acquisition unit 605 is internally provided with a building edge generation unit 613, a fence edge generation unit 614 and a transmitter editing unit 615, wherein the building edge generation unit 613 is used to generate a building edge model, the fence edge generation unit 614 is used to generate a dangerous area fence edge model, and the transmitter editing unit 615 provides an operating platform for technicians to edit the edge position transmitter 3.
[0029] According to the above structure, the workers arrange the edge position transmitters 3 on site in the building body 1, and edit the area and model enclosed by the corresponding transmitters through the transmitter editing unit 615 to analyze the model edge.
[0030] Refer to the attached Figure 3-Figure 4 The anti-stall warning function is implemented by the anti-stall tracking unit 607 arranged inside the safe space warning system 6, and the anti-stall tracking unit 607 processes the personnel evacuation process through the inter-frame difference method, the threshold judgment algorithm and the piecewise function algorithm; Refer to the attached Figure 3-Figure 4 The anti-stall tracking unit 607 is internally provided with a personnel positioning acquisition unit 616, a safety range generation unit 617, a moving speed survey unit 618 and a safety range change unit 619, wherein the personnel positioning acquisition unit 616 is used to obtain personnel positioning information, the safety range generation unit 617 is used to generate a safety range model with the personnel as the center and a radius d, the moving speed survey unit 618 is used to survey the speed of the personnel during evacuation, and the safety range change unit 619 changes the value of d according to the moving speed information.
[0031] The inter-frame difference method identifies moving objects and measures the moving speed by calculating the pixel differences between two or more consecutive frames; Assume I(x, y, t) and I(x, y, t-1) are the pixel values of the image at position (x, y) at time t and t-1 respectively. The inter-frame difference method detects moving objects by calculating the difference between two adjacent frames of images: D(x, y, t) = |I(x, y, t) - I(x, y, t-1)|, where D(x, y, t) represents the pixel difference at position (x, y) between time t and time t-1. The piecewise function algorithm sets the radius d of the safety area to different values according to the moving speed, so as to change the size of the safety area; f(v) = { d 1 , v≤v 1 ;d 2 , v 1 <v≤v 2 ;d 3 , v 2 <v≤v 3 ; ...} Among them, v 1 、v 2 、v 3 , ... are speed thresholds in different intervals, and v is the actual measured speed.
[0032] The operation of the threshold judgment algorithm is divided into the following two situations: First, d is preset as a threshold, i.e., the distance x between the distance measurement sensor 401 and the edge model of the building and the edge model of the enclosure of the dangerous area; If x≤d, the alarm is triggered, otherwise it is not triggered; Second: preset v 1 、v 2 、v 3 , ... are speed thresholds in different intervals, d 1 d 2 d 3 , ... are the values of d in different speed ranges (d 1 <d 2 <d 3 ); v ≤v 1 , d=d 1 ; v 1 <v≤v 2 , d = d 2 ; v 2 <v≤v 3 , d = d 3 ; ... And so on.
[0033] According to the above structure, during the daily operation or evacuation of the operating personnel, the personnel positioning acquisition unit 616 real-time surveys the position information of the operating personnel, and uses the safety range generation unit 617 to generate a safety range model with the personnel as the center and the radius d. When the safety range model is close to the edge of the building edge model and the edge of the dangerous area enclosure edge model, the alarm 403 in the head-mounted locator 4 worn by the operating personnel immediately sounds an alarm, wherein the inter-frame difference method is used to identify the moving personnel and measure the moving speed, and the safety range radius d is preset as the threshold value, and the distance x between the distance measurement sensor 401 and the building edge model and the dangerous area enclosure edge model is triggered when x≤d, otherwise the alarm is not triggered; in addition, according to the moving speed of the personnel, refer to the attached Figure 4 , preset v 1 、v 2 、v 3 , ... are speed thresholds in different intervals, d 1 d 2 d 3 , ... are the values of d in different speed ranges. When v ≤v 1 , d takes the value d 1 ; When v 1 <v≤v 2 , d takes the value d 2 ; When v 2 <v≤v 3 , d takes the value d 3 , as the speed of the operator's movement increases, the radius d of his own safety range also increases; in the above process, according to the speed of the operator's movement and evacuation, the value of the safety distance between him and the edge of each model is adaptively changed, and the faster the speed, the larger the value of the safety distance, so as to avoid the accidental situation that the personnel cannot avoid the dangerous edge area urgently due to the too fast movement speed, and give the operator enough reaction distance by early alarm, which greatly improves the safety of the operator when moving quickly.
[0034] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: during the daily operation or evacuation of the operating personnel, the personnel positioning acquisition unit 616 real-time surveys the position information of the operating personnel, and is used to generate a safety range model with the personnel as the center and the radius d through the safety range generation unit 617. When the safety range model is close to the edge of the building edge model and the edge of the dangerous area enclosure edge model, the alarm 403 in the head-mounted locator 4 worn by the operating personnel immediately sounds an alarm, wherein the inter-frame difference method is used to identify the moving personnel, and the moving speed is measured, the safety range radius d is preset as the threshold, and the distance x between the distance measurement sensor 401 and the building edge model and the dangerous area enclosure edge model is triggered when x≤d, otherwise the alarm is not triggered; in addition, according to the moving speed of the personnel, refer to the attached Figure 4, preset v 1 、v 2 、v 3 , ... are speed thresholds in different intervals, d 1 d 2 d 3 , ... are the values of d in different speed ranges. When v ≤v 1 , d takes the value d 1 ; When v 1 <v≤v 2 , d takes the value d 2 ; When v 2 <v≤v 3 , d takes the value d 3 ,As the operator’s moving speed increases, the radius d of his own safety range also increases.
[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, a method for early warning of safe construction space in a building body, the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: An accident occurs and dangerous area information is generated; Step 2: Generate evacuation information and evacuation route navigation information, and send them to the employee's communication device 7; Step 3: Obtain employee location information, and use the frame difference method to detect the movement of personnel and measure their movement speed; Step 4: When the employee safety range measured by the controller 402 is close to the danger edge area, the alarm 403 is triggered; Step 5: According to the moving speed of the personnel, when the measured moving speed is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the safety range modification is triggered; Step 6: When the speed of the personnel movement increases and the new safety range measured by the controller 402 approaches the dangerous edge area, the alarm is triggered.
[0036] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented according to the conventional means in the art unless otherwise specified and limited.
Claims
1. A safe construction space early warning system in a building, comprising a building (1) and an integrated control cabinet (2) arranged near the outside of the building (1), characterized in that: The edges of the building body (1) are all equipped with edge position transmitters (3), and the edges of the dangerous areas inside the building body (1) are also equipped with edge position transmitters (3), and the dangerous areas include high-altitude falling risk areas, mechanical equipment operation areas, blasting operation areas, temporary power supply areas, object impact areas, collapse and overturning areas, flammable and explosive material storage areas, and confined space operation areas; Wherein, the mechanical equipment operation area, temporary power supply area and inflammable and explosive material storage area are equipped with fire detectors (5); The construction workers wear a helmet equipped with a head-mounted positioning device (4) and a communication device (7), and the construction workers control the communication device (7) to be in a standby state when working in the dangerous area; The integrated control cabinet (2) is provided with a safety space warning system (6) inside, and the safety space warning system (6) is provided with an accident alarm function and an anti-stall warning function inside.
2. The safe construction space early warning system in a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head-mounted locator (4) is provided with a distance measurement sensor (401), a controller (402), an alarm (403), a communication module (404) and a power supply (405) inside.
3. The safe construction space early warning system in a building according to claim 1, characterized in that: The accident alarm function is realized by an information acquisition unit (601), an evacuation plan unit (602), an information sending unit (603), a navigation generation unit (604), and a fire accident acquisition unit (606) arranged inside the safe space warning system (6), wherein the fire accident acquisition unit (606) is electrically connected to the fire detector (5); The anti-stall warning function is implemented by an anti-stall tracking unit (607) arranged inside the safe space warning system (6), and the anti-stall tracking unit (607) processes the personnel evacuation process through an inter-frame difference method, a threshold judgment algorithm, and a piecewise function algorithm; The safe space warning system (6) is also provided with a dangerous area acquisition unit (605) and a communication unit (608).
4. The early warning system for safe construction space in a building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The information acquisition unit (601) is internally provided with a building structure information unit (609) and a communication information acquisition unit (610), and the communication information acquisition unit (610) is data-connected to a personnel information big data platform; The building structure information unit (609) is used to obtain the internal structure information of the building (1), including stairwells and safety passages, and the communication information acquisition unit (610) is used to obtain the communication information of the operating personnel.
5. The early warning system for safe construction space in a building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The evacuation plan unit (602) is internally provided with an evacuation information generation unit (611) and an evacuation route generation unit (612), wherein the evacuation information generation unit (611) is used to edit the evacuation information, the evacuation route generation unit (612) is used to generate the evacuation route, and the navigation generation unit (604) is used to generate navigation information of the evacuation route, and the evacuation information, the evacuation route and the navigation information are sent to the corresponding communication device (7) via the information sending unit (603) and the communication unit (608).
6. The early warning system for safe construction space in a building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dangerous area acquisition unit (605) is internally provided with a building edge generation unit (613), a fence edge generation unit (614) and a transmitter editing unit (615), wherein the building edge generation unit (613) is used to generate a building edge model, the fence edge generation unit (614) is used to generate a dangerous area fence edge model, and the transmitter editing unit (615) provides an operating platform for technicians to edit the edge position transmitter (3).
7. The early warning system for safe construction space in a building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anti-stall tracking unit (607) is internally provided with a personnel positioning acquisition unit (616), a safety range generation unit (617), a moving speed survey unit (618) and a safety range change unit (619), wherein the personnel positioning acquisition unit (616) is used to obtain personnel positioning information, the safety range generation unit (617) is used to generate a safety range model with the personnel as the center and a radius d, the moving speed survey unit (618) is used to survey the speed of the personnel during evacuation, and the safety range change unit (619) changes the value of d according to the moving speed information.
8. The early warning system for safe construction space in a building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inter-frame difference method identifies a moving object and measures the moving speed by calculating the pixel difference between two or more consecutive frames; Assume I(x, y, t) and I(x, y, t-1) are the pixel values of the image at position (x, y) at time t and t-1 respectively. The inter-frame difference method detects moving objects by calculating the difference between two adjacent frames of images: D(x, y, t) = |I(x, y, t) - I(x, y, t-1)|, where D(x, y, t) represents the pixel difference at position (x, y) between time t and time t-1. The piecewise function algorithm sets the radius d of the safety area to different values according to the different moving speeds, so as to change the size of the safety area; f(v) = { d1, v≤v1; d2, v1<v≤v2; d3, v2<v≤v3;...} Among them, v1, v2, v3, ... are speed thresholds in different intervals, and v is the actual measured speed.
9. The early warning system for safe construction space in a building according to claim 3, characterized in that: The operation of the threshold judgment algorithm is divided into the following two situations: First, d is preset as a threshold, and the distance x between the distance measurement sensor (401) and the edge model of the building and the edge model of the dangerous area enclosure is measured; If x≤d, the alarm is triggered, otherwise it is not triggered; Second: preset v1, v2, v3, ... as speed thresholds in different intervals, d1, d2, d3, ... as the values of d in different speed intervals (d1 < d2 < d3); v ≤ v1, d = d1; v1<v≤v2, d=d2; v2<v≤v3, d=d3; ... And so on.
10. A method for early warning of safe construction space in a building, used for using the early warning system for safe construction space in a building as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: An accident occurs and dangerous area information is generated; Step 2: Generate evacuation information and evacuation route navigation information, and send them to the employee's communication device (7); Step 3: Obtain employee location information, and use the frame difference method to detect the movement of personnel and measure their movement speed; Step 4: When the employee safety range measured by the controller (402) approaches the danger edge area, the alarm (403) is triggered; Step 5: According to the moving speed of the personnel, when the measured moving speed is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the safety range modification is triggered; Step 6: When the speed of the personnel increases, when the new safety range measured by the controller (402) approaches the dangerous edge area, the alarm is triggered.