W-band sum-difference device

Abstract

The invention discloses a W-band sum-difference device, which relates to the technical field of microwaves, and comprises four input ports, a sum-output port, an azimuth difference output port, a pitch difference output port and four waveguide ring bridges, and the four waveguide ring bridges are sequentially connected to form a closed loop to form a waveguide loop; the waveguide ring bridge serves as a basic unit of the sum-difference device to achieve the sum-difference function of the two ports, the sum output waveguide port achieves the sum of the first input waveguide port and the second input waveguide port, and the difference output waveguide port achieves the difference of the first input waveguide port and the second input waveguide port. According to the W-band sum-difference device, waveguide ring bridges are connected by using waveguides according to a specific sequence, so that an integral four-port sum-difference function is realized. The sum-difference function is formed by combining the waveguide ring bridge units, the waveguide ring bridge structure has the advantages of being small in design difficulty, relatively easy to machine, easy to achieve in engineering and the like, and the waveguide ring bridge structure is simple in structural composition, low in requirement for the machining technology, capable of being achieved only through conventional precision machining and easy to achieve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of microwave technology, and in particular to a W-band sum and difference device. Background Art

[0002] As one of the four atmospheric windows with smaller transmission loss in the millimeter wave band, the W band has broad application prospects in the phased array field due to its high frequency, wide frequency band and small loss.

[0003] The summator is an important component of microwave, millimeter wave circuits and antenna systems. Its function is to synthesize the echo signal from the antenna into three RF signals, namely sum, pitch difference and azimuth difference signals, which are used for radar angle tracking and distance tracking. Its performance directly affects important indicators such as radar tracking accuracy and tracking distance. At present, with the development of domestic basic devices and the improvement of precision processing technology, W-band related technologies and products are gradually increasing and their applications are becoming more and more extensive. The summator design is closely related to the operating frequency, and the W-band related applications and products are relatively new technology applications and products in recent years. Considering the high frequency and short wavelength of the W-band, the corresponding circuit structure size is small, and there are very strict requirements on circuit processing, structure processing, assembly process and other aspects. However, there are few designs and research related to the summator based on the W-band.

[0004] Conventional sum and difference devices are mainly divided into two categories: microstrip circuit sum and difference devices and waveguide sum and difference devices. Microstrip circuit sum and difference devices are generally designed with a combination of 3dB bridge units. Waveguide sum and difference devices are generally designed with a waveguide magic T. As for the W-band sum and difference device design, due to the high frequency band, the conventional microstrip circuit has large transmission loss, and waveguide is generally used for signal transmission. The conventional waveguide magic T in the waveguide sum and difference device is difficult to design in the W-band, has a small size, requires high precision, and has high requirements for processing technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a W-band sum and difference device.

[0006] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A W-band summator includes four input ports, a sum output port, an azimuth difference output port, and an elevation difference output port, and also includes: four waveguide ring bridges, the four waveguide ring bridges are sequentially connected in a closed loop to form a waveguide loop; The four waveguide ring bridges include a first waveguide ring bridge, a second waveguide ring bridge, a third waveguide ring bridge and a fourth waveguide ring bridge, the waveguide ring bridge includes a first input waveguide port, a second input waveguide port, an output waveguide port and a differential output waveguide port, and the input waveguide port and the output waveguide port are alternately arranged; The first input waveguide port of the first waveguide ring bridge is connected to the difference output waveguide port of the second waveguide ring bridge, the sum output waveguide port of the second waveguide ring bridge is connected to the second input waveguide port of the third waveguide ring bridge, the sum first input waveguide port of the third waveguide ring bridge is connected to the sum output waveguide port of the fourth waveguide ring bridge, and the difference output waveguide port of the fourth waveguide ring bridge is connected to the second input waveguide port of the first waveguide ring bridge; Among them, the first input waveguide port and the second input waveguide port of the second waveguide ring bridge, the first input waveguide port and the second input waveguide port of the fourth waveguide ring bridge serve as the four input ports of the summator and the differencer, the sum output waveguide port of the third waveguide ring bridge serves as the sum output port of the summator and the difference output waveguide port of the third waveguide ring bridge serves as the azimuth difference output port of the summator and the sum output waveguide port of the first waveguide ring bridge serves as the pitch difference output port of the summator and the differencer.

[0007] Furthermore, the waveguide ring bridge includes a ring waveguide structure and four special-shaped waveguide structures, the first ends of the four special-shaped waveguide structures respectively serve as the first input waveguide port, the second input waveguide port, the output waveguide port, and the differential output waveguide port of the waveguide ring bridge, and the second ends of the four special-shaped waveguide structures are connected to the ring waveguide structure; the four special-shaped waveguide structures are distributed divergently around the ring waveguide structure with the ring waveguide structure as the center.

[0008] Furthermore, the four special-shaped waveguide structures include a first waveguide structure, a second waveguide structure, a third waveguide structure, and a fourth waveguide structure. The first waveguide structure and the second waveguide structure have the same shape and include two rectangular waveguides bent at 135°. The first ends of the first waveguide structure and the second waveguide structure serve as a first input waveguide port and a second input waveguide port, respectively; the third waveguide structure is a rectangular waveguide, and the first end of the third waveguide structure serves as a sum output waveguide port; the fourth waveguide structure includes two arc-shaped rectangular waveguides, and the first end of the fourth waveguide structure serves as a difference output waveguide port.

[0009] Furthermore, the four special-shaped waveguide structures are connected to the annular waveguide structure through one end of the rectangular waveguide, the four special-shaped waveguide structures are located at equal angles outside the annular waveguide, the second end ports of adjacent special-shaped waveguide structures have an angle of 60°, and the second end ports of the second waveguide structure and the fourth waveguide structure have an angle of 180°.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the annular waveguide structure in the waveguide ring bridge is 1.8 mm to 2 mm, and the outer diameter is 3.2 mm to 3.5 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the four input ports, the sum output port, the azimuth difference output port, and the elevation difference output port are all non-standard waveguide ports, the waveguide port size is 2mm*1mmm, and operates in the range of 90GHz-100GHz.

[0012] Furthermore, a load port is included, and the difference output waveguide port of the first waveguide ring bridge serves as the load port of the sum-differential device.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention realizes the design of the sum and difference device by designing a waveguide ring bridge structure to replace the waveguide magic T structure, that is, the waveguide ring bridge unit combination is used to form the sum and difference function. The waveguide ring bridge structure has the advantages of low design difficulty, relatively easy processing, and easy engineering implementation. The present invention has a simple structural composition and low requirements on processing technology. It can be easily implemented by using only conventional precision machining. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a W-band sum-subtractor in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a waveguide ring bridge in an embodiment provided by the present invention; In the figure, 1-first input waveguide port, 2-second input waveguide port, 3-sum output waveguide port, 4-difference output waveguide port, A-first input port, B-second input port, C-third input port, D-fourth input port, E-sum output port, F-azimuth difference output port, G-pitch difference output port, H-load port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 , the present invention provides a technical solution: A W-band summator includes four input ports, a sum output port, an azimuth difference output port, and an elevation difference output port, and also includes: four waveguide ring bridges, the four waveguide ring bridges are sequentially connected in a closed loop to form a waveguide loop; The four waveguide ring bridges include a first waveguide ring bridge, a second waveguide ring bridge, a third waveguide ring bridge and a fourth waveguide ring bridge, and the waveguide ring bridge includes a first input waveguide port 1, a second input waveguide port 2, an output waveguide port 3, and a differential output waveguide port 4, and the input waveguide ports and the output waveguide ports are alternately arranged; The first input waveguide port of the first waveguide ring bridge is connected to the difference output waveguide port of the second waveguide ring bridge, the sum output waveguide port of the second waveguide ring bridge is connected to the second input waveguide port of the third waveguide ring bridge, the sum first input waveguide port of the third waveguide ring bridge is connected to the sum output waveguide port of the fourth waveguide ring bridge, and the difference output waveguide port of the fourth waveguide ring bridge is connected to the second input waveguide port of the first waveguide ring bridge; The first input waveguide port and the second input waveguide port of the second waveguide ring bridge, and the first input waveguide port and the second input waveguide port of the fourth waveguide ring bridge serve as four input ports of the summator (such as Figure 1 , respectively the first input port A, the second input port B, the third input port C, the fourth input port D), the sum and output waveguide ports of the third waveguide ring bridge serve as the sum and output ports of the summator, the difference output waveguide ports of the third waveguide ring bridge serve as the azimuth difference output ports of the summator, and the sum and output waveguide ports of the first waveguide ring bridge serve as the pitch difference output ports of the summator.

[0017] The waveguide ring bridge as the basic unit of the summator can realize the sum and difference function of two ports. The sum output waveguide port realizes the sum of the first and second input waveguide ports, and the difference output waveguide port realizes the difference between the first and second input waveguide ports. The W-band summator is composed of four waveguide ring bridge units. By connecting the waveguide ring bridges in a specific order using waveguides, the overall four-port sum and difference function is realized. Based on the functions of each port of the waveguide ring bridge, the functions realized by the three output ports in the W-band summator of the present invention are as follows: and output port = port A + port B + port C + port D; Azimuth difference output port = port A + port B - port C - port D; Pitch difference output port = port A + port D - port B - port C.

[0018] In a specific embodiment, the waveguide ring bridge includes a ring waveguide structure and four special-shaped waveguide structures, the first ends of the four special-shaped waveguide structures respectively serve as the first input waveguide port, the second input waveguide port, the output waveguide port, and the differential output waveguide port of the waveguide ring bridge, and the second ends of the four special-shaped waveguide structures are connected to the ring waveguide structure; the four special-shaped waveguide structures are divergently distributed around the ring waveguide structure with the ring waveguide structure as the center.

[0019] Furthermore, the four special-shaped waveguide structures include a first waveguide structure, a second waveguide structure, a third waveguide structure, and a fourth waveguide structure. The first waveguide structure and the second waveguide structure have the same shape and include two rectangular waveguides bent at 135°. The first ends of the first waveguide structure and the second waveguide structure serve as a first input waveguide port and a second input waveguide port, respectively; the third waveguide structure is a rectangular waveguide, and the first end of the third waveguide structure serves as a sum output waveguide port; the fourth waveguide structure includes two arc-shaped rectangular waveguides, and the first end of the fourth waveguide structure serves as a difference output waveguide port.

[0020] Furthermore, the four special-shaped waveguide structures are connected to the annular waveguide structure through one end of the rectangular waveguide, the four special-shaped waveguide structures are located at equal angles outside the annular waveguide, the second end ports of adjacent special-shaped waveguide structures have an angle of 60°, and the second end ports of the second waveguide structure and the fourth waveguide structure have an angle of 180°.

[0021] In a specific embodiment, the inner diameter of the annular waveguide structure in the waveguide ring bridge is 1.8 mm to 2 mm, and the outer diameter is 3.2 mm to 3.5 mm, which is relatively large and easy to process. The inner and outer diameters of the annular waveguide are key parameters and can be set according to the actual working frequency band requirements. By adjusting the inner and outer diameters, the ring bridge unit can work in different frequency bands.

[0022] In a specific embodiment, the four input ports, the output port, the azimuth difference output port, and the elevation difference output port are all non-standard waveguide ports, the waveguide port size is 2mm*1mmm, and operates in the range of 90GHz-100GHz.

[0023] The summator and the differencer further include a load port H, and the difference output waveguide port of the first waveguide ring bridge serves as the load port H of the summator and the differencer.

[0024] The present invention designs a waveguide ring bridge structure to replace the waveguide magic T structure to realize the sum and difference device design, that is, the waveguide ring bridge unit combination is used to form the sum and difference function. The waveguide ring bridge structure has the advantages of low design difficulty, relatively easy processing, and easy engineering implementation. The present invention has a simple structural composition and low requirements on processing technology. It can be easily implemented by using only conventional precision machining.

[0025] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art shall not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and shall be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A W-band summator, comprising four input ports, a sum output port, an azimuth difference output port, and an elevation difference output port, characterized in that: Also includes: Four waveguide ring bridges, wherein the four waveguide ring bridges are connected in sequence to form a closed loop; The four waveguide ring bridges include a first waveguide ring bridge, a second waveguide ring bridge, a third waveguide ring bridge and a fourth waveguide ring bridge, the waveguide ring bridge includes a first input waveguide port, a second input waveguide port, an output waveguide port and a differential output waveguide port, and the input waveguide port and the output waveguide port are alternately arranged; The first input waveguide port of the first waveguide ring bridge is connected to the difference output waveguide port of the second waveguide ring bridge, the sum output waveguide port of the second waveguide ring bridge is connected to the second input waveguide port of the third waveguide ring bridge, the sum first input waveguide port of the third waveguide ring bridge is connected to the sum output waveguide port of the fourth waveguide ring bridge, and the difference output waveguide port of the fourth waveguide ring bridge is connected to the second input waveguide port of the first waveguide ring bridge; Among them, the first input waveguide port and the second input waveguide port of the second waveguide ring bridge, the first input waveguide port and the second input waveguide port of the fourth waveguide ring bridge serve as the four input ports of the summator and the differencer, the sum output waveguide port of the third waveguide ring bridge serves as the sum output port of the summator and the difference output waveguide port of the third waveguide ring bridge serves as the azimuth difference output port of the summator and the sum output waveguide port of the first waveguide ring bridge serves as the pitch difference output port of the summator and the differencer.

2. A W-band summator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waveguide ring bridge comprises an annular waveguide structure and four special-shaped waveguide structures, the first ends of the four special-shaped waveguide structures respectively serve as the first input waveguide port, the second input waveguide port, the output waveguide port and the differential output waveguide port of the waveguide ring bridge, the second ends of the four special-shaped waveguide structures are connected to the annular waveguide structure; the four special-shaped waveguide structures are distributed around the annular waveguide structure in a divergent manner with the annular waveguide structure as the center.

3. A W-band summator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The four special-shaped waveguide structures include a first waveguide structure, a second waveguide structure, a third waveguide structure, and a fourth waveguide structure. The first waveguide structure and the second waveguide structure have the same shape and include two rectangular waveguides bent at 135°. The first ends of the first waveguide structure and the second waveguide structure serve as a first input waveguide port and a second input waveguide port, respectively. The third waveguide structure is a rectangular waveguide, and the first end of the third waveguide structure serves as a sum output waveguide port. The fourth waveguide structure includes two arc-shaped rectangular waveguides, and the first end of the fourth waveguide structure serves as a difference output waveguide port.

4. The W-band summator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The four special-shaped waveguide structures are connected to the annular waveguide structure through one end of the rectangular waveguide. The four special-shaped waveguide structures are located at equal angles outside the annular waveguide. The second end ports of adjacent special-shaped waveguide structures have an angle of 60°, wherein the second end ports of the second waveguide structure and the fourth waveguide structure have an angle of 180°.

5. The W-band summator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the annular waveguide structure in the waveguide ring bridge is 1.8 mm to 2 mm, and the outer diameter is 3.2 mm to 3.5 mm.

6. The W-band summator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four input ports, the sum output port, the azimuth difference output port, and the elevation difference output port are all non-standard waveguide ports, the waveguide port size is 2mm*1mmm, and operates in the range of 90GHz-100GHz.

7. The W-band summator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a load port, and the difference output waveguide port of the first waveguide ring bridge serves as the load port of the sum-differential device.

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