Ceramic dielectric antenna, manufacturing method thereof and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a ceramic dielectric antenna, a manufacturing method thereof and electronic equipment, and the ceramic dielectric antenna comprises a ceramic dielectric substrate which is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other; the radiation part comprises a first radiation surface and a second radiation surface, the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface are both arranged on the first surface of the ceramic dielectric substrate, a coupling gap is arranged between the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface, the first radiation surface is used for covering a first frequency band, and the second radiation surface is used for covering a second frequency band. And the second radiating surface is used for covering a second frequency band. According to the ceramic dielectric antenna, the manufacturing method thereof and the electronic equipment, dual-band coverage is achieved on the single-layer ceramic substrate, the complex structure and thickness increase of multi-layer stacking can be avoided, and frequency temperature drift of a metal antenna can also be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramic antennas, and in particular to a ceramic dielectric antenna and a manufacturing method thereof and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] The development of ceramic antenna technology mainly relies on the progress of low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) and high temperature co-fired ceramic (HTCC) processes. These two technologies play a key role in the miniaturization and high frequency applications of modern antennas due to their unique material properties.

[0003] LTCC and HTCC ceramic materials have significant characteristics such as a wide range of dielectric constants (usually 5-100), low loss tangent values ​​(generally less than 0.005), and excellent high-frequency stability. These characteristics make them particularly suitable for high-frequency band application scenarios such as millimeter wave and Sub-6GHz.

[0004] The high dielectric constant of ceramic antennas enables them to effectively reduce the size of antennas (based on the inverse relationship between wavelength and the square root of dielectric constant), meeting the stringent requirements of modern smart terminal devices for thin and light antennas. However, traditional ceramic antenna designs often require a multi-layer stacking structure to compensate for the bandwidth limitations caused by the high dielectric constant, which not only increases the structural complexity and production cost, but also makes it difficult to meet the strict requirements of high-precision positioning applications for phase consistency.

[0005] With the rapid development of 5G / 6G communication technology, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and Internet of Things (IoT), antenna design faces new technical challenges:

[0006] 1. High-frequency band support requirements: 5G millimeter wave (24-52.6GHz) and GNSS multi-band (such as GPS L1 / L5, Beidou B1I / B2a, etc.) require antennas to have a wider working bandwidth.

[0007] 2. Miniaturization requirements: Smart terminal devices have increasingly stringent restrictions on antenna thickness and volume. Ceramic antennas have become the preferred option due to their high dielectric constant and low profile characteristics.

[0008] However, the existing ceramic antenna technology still has the following technical contradictions:

[0009] (1) Although a high dielectric constant is conducive to miniaturization, it will reduce the operating bandwidth (the bandwidth is inversely proportional to the square root of the dielectric constant).

[0010] (2) Using a multi-layer stacking structure to expand bandwidth will increase design complexity and manufacturing costs.

[0011] At present, the application field of ceramic antennas has expanded from traditional communications to high-precision positioning scenarios, including: autonomous driving, drone navigation, indoor precise positioning, etc. However, the existing technology still has the following shortcomings:

[0012] 1. Bandwidth limitation: The narrow bandwidth caused by the high dielectric constant makes it difficult to meet the GNSS multi-band coverage requirements.

[0013] 2. Temperature stability issue: Metal antennas are prone to frequency drift due to their large thermal expansion coefficient (such as copper, about 17ppm / ℃); although traditional ceramic antennas have stable dielectric properties, their multi-layer structure may deform due to temperature gradients.

[0014] 3. Cost and process challenges: Dependence on precise electromagnetic simulation, complex manufacturing processes (such as LTCC multi-layer alignment), and high cost for small-batch production.

[0015] Specifically, the core technical contradictions faced by ceramic antennas include:

[0016] 1. The contradiction between size and bandwidth:

[0017] Although high dielectric constant materials (such as ε_r=40) reduce the size, the bandwidth in the L1 band is only about 10MHz; it is difficult to fully cover the GPS L1 (1575.42±1.023MHz) and Beidou B1I (1561.098±2.046MHz) band requirements; existing solutions (such as multi-layer resonators) will increase thickness (>8mm) and cost.

[0018] 2. Temperature stability challenges:

[0019] The frequency temperature coefficient of metal antennas can reach 50-100ppm / ℃; ceramic multilayer structures may deform due to differences in thermal expansion coefficients.

[0020] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present application proposes a ceramic dielectric antenna, a manufacturing method thereof, and an electronic device. Summary of the invention

[0021] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ceramic dielectric antenna and a manufacturing method thereof and an electronic device, which can achieve dual-band coverage on a single-layer ceramic substrate, avoid the complex structure and thickness increase of multi-layer stacking, and avoid the frequency temperature drift of the metal antenna.

[0022] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0023] In one aspect, the present invention provides a ceramic dielectric antenna, comprising:

[0024] a ceramic dielectric substrate having a first side and a second side opposite to each other;

[0025] The radiating part includes a first radiating surface and a second radiating surface, the first radiating surface and the second radiating surface are both arranged on the first surface of the ceramic dielectric substrate, a coupling gap is provided between the first radiating surface and the second radiating surface, the first radiating surface is used to cover a first frequency band, and the second radiating surface is used to cover a second frequency band.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: the present invention excites multi-mode resonance through coupling gaps, broadens the bandwidth of the first frequency band and the second frequency band, and is compatible with multi-satellite systems; dual-band coverage is achieved on a single-layer ceramic substrate, which can avoid the complex structure and thickness increase of multi-layer stacking, and can also avoid the frequency temperature drift of the metal antenna.

[0027] Furthermore, the ceramic dielectric antenna further comprises:

[0028] The grounding portion includes a grounding radiation surface, and the grounding radiation surface is arranged on the second surface of the ceramic dielectric substrate.

[0029] The beneficial effect of the above scheme is that the present invention can enhance the impact resistance of the structure and provide a low-impedance grounding path, reduce electromagnetic interference, and improve radiation efficiency by forming a grounded radiation surface integrated with a ceramic substrate through sintering.

[0030] Furthermore, the ceramic dielectric antenna further comprises:

[0031] A feeding part, wherein an input end of the feeding part is connected to the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface, and an output end of the feeding part is connected to the ground radiation surface.

[0032] The beneficial effect of the above scheme is that the present invention connects the radiating surface and the grounded radiating surface through the feeding part, thereby ensuring 50Ω impedance matching and reducing the return loss (less than -15dB).

[0033] Furthermore, the radiation unit includes:

[0034] a first metallized through hole, wherein the first metallized through hole is opened on the first radiation surface;

[0035] A second metallized through hole, wherein the second metallized through hole is opened on the second radiation surface.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are: the present invention forces the current to be symmetrically distributed through the through hole, reduces the phase center drift (less than 1mm), and ensures high-precision positioning. In addition, it suppresses the crosstalk between the first frequency band and the second frequency band, and improves the signal purity.

[0037] Furthermore, the feeding unit includes:

[0038] a first dual-feed structure, wherein the first dual-feed structure is welded to the first radiating surface and connected to the grounded radiating surface through the first metallized through hole;

[0039] A second dual-feed structure, wherein the second dual-feed structure is welded to the second radiating surface and connected to the ground radiating surface through an even-numbered second metallized through-hole.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are: the dual-feed structure of the present invention is connected to the ground layer through a through hole, and the differential feeding suppresses common mode noise and improves the signal-to-noise ratio (such as in an urban multipath environment). In addition, the dual feeding synergistically enhances the radiation efficiency, and the gain of the first frequency band is greater than 3dBi, and the gain of the second frequency band is greater than 5dBi.

[0041] Further, the ceramic dielectric substrate includes a layer of ceramic dielectric substrate;

[0042] Further, the dielectric constant of the ceramic dielectric substrate is 8.5;

[0043] Furthermore, the thickness of the ceramic dielectric substrate is 6 to 10 mm;

[0044] Furthermore, the size of the ceramic dielectric substrate is 50 mm×50 mm×6 mm;

[0045] Furthermore, the first frequency band is 1164-1189 MHz;

[0046] Furthermore, the second frequency band is 1559-1610 MHz;

[0047] Furthermore, the width of the coupling gap is 1 to 2 mm.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: the present invention can take into account both bandwidth and size by providing a substrate with a low dielectric constant; and can optimize costs and expand bandwidth by controlling the thickness of the substrate.

[0049] Furthermore, the return loss of the ceramic dielectric antenna is less than -15dB;

[0050] Further, the gain of the first frequency band is greater than 3dBi;

[0051] Furthermore, the gain of the second frequency band is greater than 5dBi.

[0052] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a ceramic dielectric antenna, comprising the following steps:

[0053] A first radiation surface and a second radiation surface are formed by printing on a first surface of a ceramic dielectric substrate, and a coupling gap is reserved between the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface;

[0054] Printing a ground radiation surface on the second surface of the ceramic dielectric substrate;

[0055] Opening a first metallized through hole on the first radiation surface, welding a first dual-feed structure on the first radiation surface, and connecting the first dual-feed structure to the ground radiation surface through the first metallized through hole;

[0056] A second metallized through hole is opened on the second radiation surface, a second dual-feed structure is welded on the second radiation surface, and the second dual-feed structure is connected to the ground radiation surface through the second metallized through hole.

[0057] Furthermore, the manufacturing method further comprises the following steps:

[0058] The frequencies covered by the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface are adjusted by cutting the sizes of the first radiation surface and the second radiation surface.

[0059] The beneficial effect of the above scheme is that the present invention fine-tunes the frequency by cutting the four corners of the radiation surface to adapt to the frequency deviations of different satellite systems.

[0060] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: the above-mentioned ceramic dielectric antenna, or the ceramic dielectric antenna obtained by the above-mentioned manufacturing method;

[0061] A bridge combining circuit, used for combining and outputting signals of the first double-feed structure and the second double-feed structure;

[0062] A low noise radio frequency amplifier circuit is coupled to the bridge combiner circuit.

[0063] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are: the present invention realizes high-precision GNSS positioning (such as vehicle-mounted and drone-mounted) by coordinating the antenna and the back-end circuit. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0064] The present invention excites multi-mode resonance through coupling gaps, broadens the bandwidth of the first frequency band and the second frequency band, and is compatible with multi-satellite systems; dual-band coverage is achieved on a single-layer ceramic substrate, which can avoid the complex structure and thickness increase of multi-layer stacking and the frequency temperature drift of the metal antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a ceramic dielectric antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first side of the ceramic dielectric antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second side of the ceramic dielectric antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a coupling gap according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 5 This is a return loss test curve diagram of the ceramic dielectric antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 6 This is another return loss test curve diagram of the ceramic dielectric antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 7 It is a gain curve diagram of the first frequency band of the ceramic dielectric antenna in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 8 It is a gain curve diagram of the second frequency band of the ceramic dielectric antenna in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Fig. 9 It is a radiation pattern of the 1176 MHz E-plane of the ceramic dielectric antenna in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] Fig.10 This is a radiation pattern of the 1575 MHz E-plane of the ceramic dielectric antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] In the figure: 1, ceramic dielectric substrate, 111, first surface, 112, second surface, 21, first radiation surface, 211, first outer corner, 212, first inner corner, 22, second radiation surface, 221, second outer corner, 23, coupling slot, 231, first slot, 232, second slot, 233, slot connection groove, 24, first metallized through hole, 25, second metallized through hole, 31, ground radiation surface, 4, feeding part, 41, first double feed structure, 42, second double feed structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more comprehensive and complete and to fully convey the concepts of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted.

[0077] The words expressing positions and directions described in the present invention are all explained with reference to the accompanying drawings as examples, but they can be changed as needed, and all such changes are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0078] The ceramic dielectric antenna of the present invention has stronger impact resistance than PCB, and is resistant to high temperature and vibration, and therefore has stronger environmental adaptability.

[0079] When used, the ceramic dielectric antenna covers the first frequency band (1164~1189MHz) and the second frequency band (1559~1610MHz), and is compatible with multiple satellite navigation systems, such as GPS, BeiDou, Galileo, GLONASS, BeiDou, etc., which can improve positioning accuracy and reliability.

[0080] In actual application, the measured return loss of the ceramic dielectric antenna is less than -15dB, the gain in the first frequency band is greater than 3dBi, and the gain in the second frequency band is greater than 5dBi.

[0081] refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 The ceramic dielectric antenna of the present invention comprises: a ceramic dielectric substrate 1 and a radiation part. Further, the ceramic dielectric antenna may also comprise: a grounding part. Further, the ceramic dielectric antenna may also comprise: a feeding part 4.

[0082] The ceramic dielectric substrate 1 of the present invention is a single-layer ceramic dielectric substrate 1 , and preferably includes a single layer of ceramic dielectric substrate 1 .

[0083] When applied, the dielectric constant of the ceramic dielectric substrate 1 is 8.5, which is a low dielectric constant ceramic and can ensure the antenna bandwidth. In addition, the thickness of the ceramic dielectric substrate 1 is 6 to 10 mm, the cross-section is low, it has miniaturization, the antenna structure is simple and easy to implement, and the structure is flexible to install. Preferably, the size of the ceramic dielectric substrate 1 is 50 mm × 50 mm × 6 mm, the length and width of the ceramic antenna can remain unchanged, and the thickness can be further adjusted according to the structure. The thicker the thickness, the wider the antenna bandwidth, and the cost will also increase. Taking into account both performance and cost, the use of a thickness of 6 mm has achieved the function of dual-frequency positioning (first frequency band and second frequency band), and the cost is relatively low. If you need to pursue a high-performance solution, you can increase the thickness of the antenna.

[0084] refer to Figure 1 The ceramic dielectric substrate 1 of the present invention has a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 that are opposite to each other.

[0085] refer to Figure 2 The radiation part of the present invention includes a first radiation surface 21 and a second radiation surface 22. Further, the radiation part includes a first metallized through hole 24 and a second metallized through hole 25.

[0086] When used, the first radiation surface 21 and the second radiation surface 22 are both arranged on the first surface 111 of the ceramic dielectric substrate 1, and a coupling gap 23 is arranged between the first radiation surface 21 and the second radiation surface 22. The first radiation surface 21 is used to cover the first frequency band, and the second radiation surface 22 is used to cover the second frequency band. The first frequency band is 1164-1189MHz, the second frequency band is 1559-1610MHz, and the width of the coupling gap 23 is 1-2mm.

[0087] Specifically, the independent first radiation surface 21 and the second radiation surface 22 realize independent operation of the dual frequency bands through physical separation and electrical isolation (such as coupling gap 23) to avoid signal interference. The coupling gap 23 between the two radiation surfaces can widen the bandwidth, make up for the defect of narrow bandwidth of ceramic dielectric antenna, and ensure the full coverage of the first frequency band and the second frequency band.

[0088] In actual application, the first metallized through hole 24 is opened on the first radiation surface 21, and the second metallized through hole 25 is opened on the second radiation surface 22. The first metallized through hole 24 includes a plurality of holes, which are centrally symmetrical. Preferably, the first metallized through hole 24 includes four holes. The second metallized through hole 25 includes one hole, which is located at the geometric center of the second radiation surface 22.

[0089] Specifically, four first metallized through holes 24 connect the first radiating surface 21 and the grounding part, optimize the signal transmission efficiency of the first frequency band, reduce reflection loss (return loss <-15dB), improve multipath suppression capability, and meet high-precision positioning requirements (such as autonomous driving and drone navigation). One second metallized through hole 25 adapts to high-frequency signal characteristics to ensure impedance matching and gain (>5dBi) of the second frequency band.

[0090] refer to Figure 4 The radiation portion of the present invention is a rectangular, square or polygonal structure, and the first radiation surface 21 is arranged around the periphery of the second radiation surface 22, so that the first radiation surface 21 forms a plurality of first outer corners 211.

[0091] When used, a coupling gap 23 is formed between the second radiation surface 22 and the first radiation surface 21 , and the second radiation surface 22 and the first radiation surface 21 are concentric structures.

[0092] In practical application, the coupling slot 23 includes a plurality of slot units, and the slot units are sequentially connected end to end to form a closed-loop coupling slot 23. Preferably, the coupling slot 23 includes four slot units.

[0093] refer to Figure 4, each slot unit of the present invention includes a first slot 231, a second slot 232 and a slot connection groove 233 connected in sequence. Among them, the connection between the first slot 231 and the second slot 232 forms a connection corner, so that the second radiation surface 22 forms a corresponding second outer angle 221, and the first radiation surface 21 forms a corresponding first inner angle 212. Similarly, the connection between the second slot 232 and the slot connection groove 233 forms a connection corner, so that the second radiation surface 22 forms a corresponding second outer angle 221, and the first radiation surface 21 forms a corresponding first inner angle 212. Further, the connection between adjacent slot units forms a connection corner, so that the second radiation surface 22 forms a corresponding second outer angle 221, and the first radiation surface 21 forms a corresponding first inner angle 212.

[0094] When used, each gap connection groove 233 forms an avoidance space for opening a first metallized through hole 24 to obtain a plurality of first metallized through holes 24 that are centrally symmetrical.

[0095] In some preferred embodiments, the frequencies covered by the first radiation surface 21 and the second radiation surface 22 can be adjusted by cutting or adjusting the first outer angle 211 , the first inner angle 212 , and the second outer angle 221 .

[0096] The resonant frequency of an antenna is determined by its effective electrical length, which is directly related to the physical size and current distribution. Cutting the outer or inner angle of the radiating surface will change the flow path of the surface current (especially the edge current), thereby adjusting the equivalent electrical length of the antenna. For example: when the cutting angle increases, the current path becomes longer, the equivalent electrical length increases, and the resonant frequency decreases; when the cutting angle decreases, the current path shortens, the equivalent electrical length decreases, and the resonant frequency increases.

[0097] Specifically, the first radiation surface 21 and the second radiation surface 22 are set differently according to actual needs. For example: the first radiation surface 21 covers the first frequency band (1164-1189MHz), the wavelength is longer, and a larger effective electrical length is required. By cutting off the larger area of ​​the first outer corner 211 and / or the first inner corner 212, the current path can be significantly extended to match the center frequency of the first frequency band (such as 1176MHz). The second radiation surface 22 covers the second frequency band (1559-1610MHz), the wavelength is shorter, and a smaller effective electrical length is required. By cutting off the smaller area of ​​the second outer corner 221, the current path is slightly shortened to adapt to the center frequency of the second frequency band (such as 1575MHz).

[0098] When cutting, keep the cutting size of each corner of the same type consistent to avoid distortion of the antenna radiation pattern (such as E-plane / H-plane asymmetry) and ensure phase center stability to ensure the accuracy of high-precision positioning.

[0099] refer to Figure 3The grounding portion of the present invention is disposed on the second surface 112 of the ceramic dielectric substrate 1 .

[0100] When used, the grounding portion includes a grounding radiation surface 31 , and the grounding radiation surface 31 is disposed on the second surface 112 of the ceramic dielectric substrate 1 .

[0101] The input end of the feeder 4 of the present invention is connected to the first radiation surface 21 and the second radiation surface 22 , and the output end of the feeder 4 is connected to the ground radiation surface 31 .

[0102] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The feeding unit 4 of the present invention includes: a first double-feed structure 41 and a second double-feed structure 42 .

[0103] When used, the first dual-feed structure 41 is welded to the first radiating surface 21 and connected to the ground radiating surface 31 through the first metallized through-hole 24 , and the second dual-feed structure 42 is welded to the second radiating surface 22 and connected to the ground radiating surface 31 through the even-numbered second metallized through-hole 25 .

[0104] In actual application, the first dual-feed structure 41 includes two first PIN pins, and the second dual-feed structure 42 includes two second PIN pins. The two first PIN pins and the two second PIN pins are welded on the substrate, and are combined and output through a 3dB bridge combination circuit, and then combined and output through a rear-end low-noise RF amplifier circuit.

[0105] Based on the above ceramic dielectric antenna, the present invention introduces a method for manufacturing the ceramic dielectric antenna.

[0106] The manufacturing method of the present invention includes step SS11 to step SS14.

[0107] Step SS11 : printing and forming a first radiation surface 21 and a second radiation surface 22 on the first surface 111 of the ceramic dielectric substrate 1 , and reserving a coupling gap 23 between the first radiation surface 21 and the second radiation surface 22 .

[0108] When used, the ceramic dielectric substrate 1 is a single-layer ceramic dielectric substrate 1, which is an integrally formed structure and has a lower cross-section than a conventional ceramic antenna substrate stacked up and down.

[0109] In actual application, a silver paste layer is printed on the first surface 111 of the ceramic dielectric substrate 1, and high-temperature sintering is performed to form the first radiation surface 21 and the second radiation surface 22. High-temperature sintering allows the silver paste to form a chemical bond (such as an Ag-O bond) with the ceramic substrate, which is firmly attached to avoid delamination or cracks caused by thermal expansion and contraction.

[0110] In some embodiments, the frequency of the first radiation surface 21 can be adjusted by cutting the size of the first radiation surface 21 , and the frequency covered by the second radiation surface 22 can be adjusted by cutting the size of the second radiation surface 22 .

[0111] In some embodiments, a coupling gap 23 with a width of 1 to 2 mm is reserved between the first radiation surface 21 and the second radiation surface 22 to increase the bandwidth of the antenna. Therefore, the bandwidth of the antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the width of the coupling gap 23.

[0112] When the second radiating surface 22 and the first radiating surface 21 are close to each other through the coupling slot 23, the electromagnetic field between the two will generate edge coupling through the slot. Edge coupling forms additional capacitance and inductance at the slot, which is equivalent to introducing a new resonant path in the antenna equivalent circuit. The coupling slot 23 enables the antenna to generate multiple closely adjacent resonant modes (such as dipole mode and slot mode) near the target frequency band (first frequency band and second frequency band), and the superposition of resonant modes can effectively broaden the overall bandwidth.

[0113] The bandwidth of the antenna is inversely proportional to the reduced quality factor. The coupling slot 23 reduces the overall reduced quality factor of the antenna by introducing an additional energy radiation path, thereby extending the bandwidth.

[0114] Specifically, when the coupling gap 23 is too small (for example, less than 1 mm), the coupling is too strong, resulting in a resonant frequency shift, causing the first frequency band and the second frequency band to overlap or be insufficiently separated. When the coupling gap 23 is too large (for example, greater than 2 mm), the coupling is too weak, and multi-mode resonance cannot be effectively excited, and the bandwidth expansion effect is limited. When the coupling gap 23 is 1 to 2 mm, it can simultaneously cover the required bandwidth of the first frequency band (1164 to 1189 MHz) and the second frequency band (1559 to 1610 MHz).

[0115] Step SS12 : forming the ground radiation surface 31 on the second surface 112 of the ceramic dielectric substrate 1 by printing.

[0116] Step SS13 : opening a first metallized through hole 24 on the first radiating surface 21 , welding a first dual-feed structure 41 on the first radiating surface 21 , and connecting the first dual-feed structure 41 to the grounded radiating surface 31 through the first metallized through hole 24 .

[0117] When used, the first metallized through holes 24 include four holes, which are centrally symmetrically distributed, which can not only achieve better impedance matching in the first frequency band, but also ensure the phase center stability of the first frequency band.

[0118] Step SS14 : opening a second metallized through hole 25 on the second radiating surface 22 , welding a second dual-feed structure 42 on the second radiating surface 22 , and connecting the second dual-feed structure 42 to the grounded radiating surface 31 through the second metallized through hole 25 .

[0119] When used, the second metallized through hole 25 includes one and is located at the center of the second radiation surface 22, which can not only achieve better impedance matching of the second frequency band, but also ensure the phase center stability of the second frequency band.

[0120] Based on the above ceramic dielectric antenna or manufacturing method, the present invention introduces an electronic device.

[0121] The electronic equipment of the present invention comprises: a ceramic dielectric antenna, a bridge combining circuit and a low noise radio frequency amplifier circuit.

[0122] When used, the bridge combiner circuit is a 3dB bridge combiner circuit, which is used to combine and output the signals of the first double-feed structure 41 and the second double-feed structure 42; the low noise amplifier RF circuit is coupled to the bridge combiner circuit.

[0123] In actual application, both the first radiating surface 21 and the second radiating surface 22 are fed by dual PIN pins, and common mode interference is suppressed through differential signal input to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The bridge combiner circuit combines the dual-feed signal into a single output, enhances the signal strength and ensures the frequency band isolation, avoiding signal crosstalk between the first and second frequency bands. In addition, the low-noise RF circuit further amplifies weak signals and is compatible with the signal sensitivity requirements of different satellite systems (such as GPS L1C / A code, BeiDou B1I, etc.).

[0124] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be seen that the ceramic dielectric antenna of the present invention exhibits excellent impedance matching characteristics within the target operating frequency bands (the first frequency band and the second frequency band), and the measured return loss Return Loss is less than -15 dB.

[0125] refer to Figure 7 It can be seen that the gain variation of the ceramic dielectric antenna of the present invention in the first working frequency band (1164-1189MHz) is tested by adopting the Sweep scanning mode, Phi=0° (E-plane direction), Theta=0° (normal direction), and the maximum gain of 3.055dBi is achieved at the frequency of 1.176GHz.

[0126] refer to Figure 8 It can be seen that the gain variation of the ceramic dielectric antenna of the present invention in the second working frequency band (1559-1610MHz) is tested by adopting the Sweep scanning mode, Phi=0° (E-plane direction), Theta=0° (normal direction). When the frequency is 1.575GHz, the peak gain is 5.1634dBi.

[0127] Combination Fig. 9It can be seen that under the azimuth angle (Phi) of 0° and 90°, the elevation angle (Theta) and azimuth angle (Phi) of the antenna of the present invention at the frequency of 1.176GHz are both 0, the right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) peak gain is 3.0551dBi, and the beam width (calculated based on the 3dB benchmark) when the gain drops by 10dB is 100.94° (0° cut) and 96.63° (90° cut). The difference in beam width between the two orthogonal cuts is only 4.31°, indicating that the antenna has excellent radiation symmetry. The larger beam width (>95°) ensures that the antenna has quasi-omnidirectional radiation characteristics, which is suitable for use in mobile positioning equipment.

[0128] Combination Fig.10 It can be seen that under the azimuth angle (Phi) of 0° and 90°, the elevation angle (Theta) and azimuth angle (Phi) of the antenna of the present invention at the frequency of 1.575 GHz are both 0, the right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) peak gain is 5.1634 dBi, and the beam width (calculated based on the 3dB benchmark) when the gain drops by 10 dB is 101.25° (0° cut) and 101.37° (90° cut). The difference in beam width between the two orthogonal cuts is only 0.12°, indicating that the antenna has excellent radiation symmetry. The larger beam width (>100°) ensures that the antenna has quasi-omnidirectional radiation characteristics, and can still maintain an effective coverage range of more than 100° when the gain drops to -5dB (relative to the peak).

[0129] It can be seen that the ceramic dielectric antenna of the present invention has: excellent radiation efficiency, stable directivity characteristics and good impedance matching performance. Therefore, the antenna of the present invention fully meets the strict requirements of the high-precision positioning system on antenna performance, including: multi-band coverage capability, high gain characteristics, stable radiation directivity and excellent impedance matching performance.

[0130] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, substitute and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the invention without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. All such changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ceramic dielectric antenna, characterized in that: include: A ceramic dielectric substrate (1), the ceramic dielectric substrate (1) having a first surface (111) and a second surface (112) opposite to each other; A radiating portion, the radiating portion comprising a first radiating surface (21) and a second radiating surface (22), the first radiating surface (21) and the second radiating surface (22) both being arranged on a first surface (111) of the ceramic dielectric substrate (1), a coupling gap (23) being arranged between the first radiating surface (21) and the second radiating surface (22), the first radiating surface (21) being used to cover a first frequency band, and the second radiating surface (22) being used to cover a second frequency band.

2. The ceramic dielectric antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A grounding portion, the grounding portion comprising a grounding radiation surface (31), the grounding radiation surface (31) being arranged on the second surface (112) of the ceramic dielectric substrate (1).

3. The ceramic dielectric antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A feeding part (4), wherein an input end of the feeding part (4) is connected to the first radiation surface (21) and the second radiation surface (22), and an output end of the feeding part (4) is connected to the ground radiation surface (31).

4. The ceramic dielectric antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radiation part comprises: A first metallized through hole (24), wherein the first metallized through hole (24) is opened on the first radiation surface (21); A second metallized through hole (25), wherein the second metallized through hole (25) is opened on the second radiation surface (22).

5. The ceramic dielectric antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeder (4) comprises: A first dual-feed structure (41), wherein the first dual-feed structure (41) is welded to the first radiating surface (21) and connected to the grounded radiating surface (31) via the first metallized through hole (24); A second dual-feed structure (42), wherein the second dual-feed structure (42) is welded to the second radiation surface (22) and connected to the ground radiation surface (31) via an even number of second metallized through holes (25).

6. The ceramic dielectric antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic dielectric substrate (1) comprises a layer of ceramic dielectric substrate (1); and / or, the dielectric constant of the ceramic dielectric substrate (1) is 8.5; And / or, the thickness of the ceramic dielectric substrate (1) is 6 to 10 mm; And / or, the size of the ceramic dielectric substrate (1) is 50 mm×50 mm×6 mm; And / or, the first frequency band is 1164-1189 MHz; And / or, the second frequency band is 1559-1610 MHz; And / or, the width of the coupling gap (23) is 1 to 2 mm.

7. The ceramic dielectric antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return loss of the ceramic dielectric antenna is less than -15dB; and / or, the gain of the first frequency band is greater than 3dBi; And / or, the gain of the second frequency band is greater than 5dBi.

8. A method for manufacturing a ceramic dielectric antenna, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A first radiation surface (21) and a second radiation surface (22) are printed on a first surface (111) of a ceramic dielectric substrate (1), and a coupling gap (23) is reserved between the first radiation surface (21) and the second radiation surface (22); A grounded radiation surface (31) is formed by printing on the second surface (112) of the ceramic dielectric substrate (1); A first metallized through hole (24) is opened on the first radiation surface (21), a first dual-feed structure (41) is welded on the first radiation surface (21), and the first dual-feed structure (41) is connected to the ground radiation surface (31) through the first metallized through hole (24); A second metallized through hole (25) is opened on the second radiation surface (22), a second dual-feed structure (42) is welded on the second radiation surface (22), and the second dual-feed structure (42) is connected to the ground radiation surface (31) through the second metallized through hole (25).

9. The method for manufacturing a ceramic dielectric antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The manufacturing method further comprises the following steps: The frequencies covered by the first radiation surface (21) and the second radiation surface (22) are adjusted by cutting the sizes of the first radiation surface (21) and the second radiation surface (22).

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: The ceramic dielectric antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or the ceramic dielectric antenna obtained by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 8 to 9; A bridge combining circuit, used for combining the signals of the first double-feed structure (41) and the second double-feed structure (42) for output; A low noise radio frequency amplifier circuit is coupled to the bridge combiner circuit.

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