Lathe, lathe machining system, and tool tip position estimation method for lathe

Abstract

A lathe includes a tool holder having a holder reference point and capable of mounting a tool having a tool tip, a tool rest including a plurality of mounting surfaces and having a tool rest origin, and a numerical control device having a storage and a processor. The storage stores a first distance in a first direction between the holder reference point of the tool holder and the tool rest origin when a mounting surface of the plurality of mounting surfaces on which the tool holder is mounted is disposed at an index position and a tool is mounted to the tool holder. The processor acquires an identifier of the tool mounted, acquires a first correspondence relation in which identifiers of candidate tools mountable to the tool holder and second distances in the first direction between the holder reference point and the tool tip when the mounting surface on which the candidate tools are mounted is disposed at the index position and the candidate tools are mounted to the tool holder are stored, acquires the second distance corresponding to the identifier of the candidate tool coinciding with the identifier of the tool mounted, and estimates a third distance in the first direction between the tool rest origin and the tool tip of the tool mounted based on the second distance and the first distance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a lathe, a lathe processing system, and a tool tip position estimation method for a lathe. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a technique for estimating a tool tip position of a machine tool, the techniques described in Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 are known. Patent Literature 1 discloses a technique of measuring a position offset of a tool tip position when a tool is directly attached to a tool spindle and a tool tip position when a tool is attached to a tool spindle with an adapter, and storing the position offset. Patent Literature 2 discloses a mathematical model that calculates a position offset of a tool tip position from a position offset parameter of an adapter and a size parameter of a tool used in a case where a bend is used as one of the adapters. In these machine tools, the orientation of the tool can be adjusted by replacing the adapter.

[0003] On the other hand, there is also a machine tool that can switch the adapter used by moving the attachment surface of the tool used in processing even without replacing the adapter as in Patent Literatures 1 and 2, in a state where a plurality of tools are attached to a plurality of attachment surfaces of a tool rest. Patent Literature 3 discloses a turret lathe as an example of such a machine tool. Patent Literature 4 discloses a tool rest that attaches a plurality of tools in a comb shape as another example of such a machine tool.

[0004] Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent No. 3648054

[0005] Patent Literature 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2010-280028

[0006] Patent Literature 3: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2022-035083

[0007] Patent Literature 4: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-036868

[0008] The premise of the techniques described in Patent Literatures 1 and 2 is that the adapter is attached to the tool spindle with a high degree of reproducibility that can be ignored in terms of the position offset of the tool tip position of the tool. Once the position offset is measured, the measured position offset can be used again when the same adapter is attached to the tool spindle. However, the tool holder described in Patent Literature 3 and the tool attachment portion described in Patent Literature 4, which are configured to attach a tool to a tool rest, can not necessarily be attached to the tool rest with such a high degree of reproducibility. In addition, if the attachment surface of the tool rest of the lathe is changed, the amount of offset of the origin of the tool rest and the attachment surface can also change at times. Therefore, the measurement of the amount of offset of the tool tip position of the tool and the reference position of the tool rest is performed every time a tool is attached to the tool rest of the lathe. Thus, there is a problem that the preparation work of the machine tool takes time. SUMMARY

[0009] The technology disclosed in the present application aims to provide a lathe, a lathe processing system, and a tool tip position estimation method for a lathe, which can shorten the preparation time for measuring the position offset of the tool tip positions of multiple tools in a lathe in which multiple tools can be simultaneously installed on a tool holder.

[0010] The first mode lathe of the present disclosure is provided with a tool holder, a tool holder, an actuator, and a numerical control device. The tool holder has a holder reference point and can install a tool with a tool tip. The tool holder includes multiple installation surfaces and has a tool holder origin. Each of the multiple installation surfaces can be equipped with a tool holder. The actuator is configured to move the tool holder to configure each of the multiple installation surfaces at an indexing position. The indexing position is determined in advance according to the structure of each lathe, and the tool installed on the installation surface moved to the indexing position performs machining. The numerical control device is configured to control the actuator. The numerical control device is provided with a memory and a processor. Preferably, the processor is a hardware processor. The memory stores the first distance in the first direction between the holder reference point of the tool holder and the tool holder origin when the installation surface of the multiple installation surfaces equipped with the tool holder is configured at the indexing position and the installed tool is installed to the tool holder. The processor obtains the identifier of the installed tool, and from the storage device that stores the first correspondence relationship between the identifiers of the candidate tools that can be installed on the tool holder and the second distance between the holder reference point and the tool tip in the first direction when the candidate tool is installed to the tool holder and the installation surface is configured at the indexing position, obtains the second distance corresponding to the identifier of the candidate tool consistent with the identifier of the installed tool, estimates the third distance between the tool holder origin and the tool tip of the installed tool in the first direction according to the obtained second distance and the first distance, and controls the actuator according to the third distance. The storage device can be the memory described above, or a storage device provided outside the lathe. In addition, it is preferable that the second distance is a value measured from the state where the candidate tool is detached from the tool holder.

[0011] According to the second mode of the present disclosure, in the lathe of the first mode, the tool has a tool reference point substantially consistent with the holder reference point when installed on the tool holder, and the second distance is the distance between the tool reference point and the tool tip in the first direction. In addition, in the case where the tool is installed on the tool holder by means of an adapter, the tool reference point can also be external to the tool. Alternatively, the tool with the adapter can also be regarded as the above-mentioned tool.

[0012] According to the third mode of the present disclosure, in the lathe of the first mode or the second mode, the tool holder is a turret. Preferably, the multiple installation surfaces are multiple surfaces of a turret defined to install the tool holder.

[0013] According to the fourth mode of the present disclosure, in the lathe of the third mode, the first distance of the multiple installation surfaces is different for each installation surface. The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the first distance of the multiple installation surfaces is greater than the dispersion range of the distance between the holder reference point and the tool tip in the first direction when the same tool is installed to the tool holder.

[0014] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, in the lathe of the fourth aspect, a discrete range of a position of a reference point of the tool holder in the first direction when the tool holder is attached to the same attachment surface is larger than a discrete range of a distance between the reference point of the tool holder and the tool tip in the first direction when the same tool is attached to the tool holder.

[0015] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, in any of the lathes of the third aspect to the fifth aspect, the tool holder is rotatable about a rotation axis passing through a tool holder origin, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis or a direction parallel to the rotation axis.

[0016] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, in the lathe of the sixth aspect, the lathe further includes a workpiece holding device that holds a workpiece so as to be rotatable about a workpiece rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to both the rotation axis and the workpiece rotation axis.

[0017] According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, in the lathe of the first aspect or the second aspect, the plurality of attachment surfaces are provided on the same plane.

[0018] According to a ninth aspect of the present disclosure, in the lathe of the eighth aspect, the first direction is a normal direction of the same plane or a direction perpendicular to the normal direction.

[0019] According to a tenth aspect of the present disclosure, in any of the lathes of the first aspect to the ninth aspect, the memory stores a fourth distance between the reference point of the tool holder and the tool holder origin in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction when the attachment surface configuration is disposed at the index position and the attached tool is attached to the tool holder. The processor acquires a fifth distance corresponding to an identifier of a candidate tool that coincides with the identifier of the attached tool from the storage device that stores a third correspondence relationship between the identifier of the candidate tool and the fifth distance in the second direction when the candidate tool is attached to the tool holder, estimates a sixth distance between the tool holder origin and a tool tip of the attached tool based on the acquired fifth distance and the fourth distance, and controls the actuator based on the sixth distance.

[0020] According to an eleventh aspect of the present disclosure, in any of the first aspect to the tenth aspect, the tool has a tool center axis, and the tool holder has a target center axis. The tool holder includes one of a guide surface and a guided surface, the guide surface configured to approach the target center axis along the insertion direction from one of the tool holder and the tool to the other, so that the tool center axis and the target center axis are substantially the same axis, and the guided surface is guided by the guide surface; one of at least two posture adjustment surfaces and at least two abutting surfaces, the at least two posture adjustment surfaces intersecting a circumferential direction centered on the same axis, and the at least two abutting surfaces configured to abut the at least two posture adjustment surfaces; and one of a locking claw and a locking groove, the locking claw regulating movement of the tool in the insertion direction and a withdrawal direction opposite the insertion direction, or deregulating the regulation, and the locking groove disposed around the same axis and configured to engage the locking claw. The tool includes the other of the guide surface and the guided surface; the other of the at least two posture adjustment surfaces and the at least two abutting surfaces; and the other of the locking claw and the locking groove.

[0021] According to a twelfth aspect of the present disclosure, in any of the first aspect to the eleventh aspect, the tool holder can mount a measurement tool having a measurement object. The first distance is a measurement value of a distance in the first direction from the measurement object to the tool holder origin in a state in which the mounting surface is disposed at the index position and the measurement tool is mounted to the tool holder, and is a value calculated from a seventh distance in the first direction between the holder reference point when the mounting surface is disposed at the index position and the measurement tool is mounted to the tool holder, and the measurement object. Preferably, the measurement tool has the tool reference point, and the seventh distance is a distance in the first direction between the tool reference point and the measurement object.

[0022] According to a thirteenth aspect of the present disclosure, in any of the first aspect to the twelfth aspect, the memory stores a second correspondence relationship of an identifier of the mounting surface, the first distance, and an identifier of the mounted tool. The processor acquires the identifier of the mounting surface disposed at the index position, and determines the first distance and the identifier of the mounted tool based on the acquired identifier of the mounting surface.

[0023] According to a fourteenth aspect of the present disclosure, in the twelfth aspect, the memory stores a fourth correspondence relationship of an identifier of the mounting surface, a fourth distance, and an identifier of the mounted tool. The processor acquires the identifier of the mounting surface disposed at the index position, and determines the fourth distance and the identifier of the mounted tool based on the acquired identifier of the mounting surface.

[0024] The fifteenth mode of the lathe processing system according to the present disclosure includes the thirteenth mode or the fourteenth mode of the lathe, a tool pre-adjustment device configured to acquire an identifier of a tool, measure a second distance related to the measured tool in a state where the measured tool, which is the tool determined by the acquired identifier, is removed from the tool holder, a network for communication between the numerical control device and the tool pre-adjustment device, and a storage device connected to the network. The storage device stores a first correspondence relationship associating the identifier of the measured tool with data indicating the measured second distance. The processor acquires the second distance corresponding to the identifier of the measured tool that matches the identifier of the installed tool.

[0025] The sixteenth mode of the lathe according to the present disclosure includes a tool holder having a holder reference point and capable of mounting a tool having a tool tip, and a tool rest having a rest origin point and including a plurality of mounting surfaces. The method includes mounting the tool holder on a mounting surface among the plurality of mounting surfaces, and mounting a measuring tool having a measurement object to the tool holder. The method includes moving the tool rest to position the mounting surface at an index position, and measuring a distance between the measurement object and the rest origin point in a first direction. The method includes acquiring a seventh distance between the holder reference point and the measurement object in the first direction when the mounting surface is positioned at the index position and the measuring tool is mounted to the tool holder. The method includes calculating a first distance between the rest origin point and the holder reference point in the first direction based on the measured distance and the seventh distance, and storing the first distance. The method includes acquiring an identifier of a measured tool, measuring a second distance between a tool reference point of the measured tool and the tool tip in the first direction when the mounting surface is positioned at the index position and the measured tool is mounted to the tool holder, and storing a first correspondence relationship associating the identifier of the measured tool with the second distance. The method includes mounting an installed tool to the tool holder, and positioning the mounting surface at the index position. The method includes acquiring the identifier of the installed tool, and acquiring the second distance corresponding to the identifier of the measured tool that matches the identifier of the installed tool, and estimating a third distance between the rest origin point and the tool tip of the installed tool in the first direction based on the acquired second distance and the first distance.

[0026] According to the seventeenth mode of the present disclosure, in the tool tip position estimation method of the sixteenth mode, the tool has a tool reference point substantially coinciding with the holder reference point when mounted to the tool holder, and the second distance is the distance between the tool reference point and the tool tip in the first direction. In addition, in the case where the tool is mounted to the tool holder with an adapter, the tool reference point can also be external to the tool. Alternatively, the tool with the adapter can also be regarded as the tool described above. Furthermore, it is preferable that the measuring tool described above has the tool reference point described above, and the seventh distance is the distance between the tool reference point and the measurement object in the first direction.

[0027] According to an eighteenth aspect of the present disclosure, in the tool tip position estimation method of the sixteenth or seventeenth aspect, the tool holder is a turret. Preferably, the plurality of mounting surfaces are a plurality of surfaces of the turret formed to mount the tool holder.

[0028] According to a nineteenth aspect of the present disclosure, in the tool tip position estimation method of the eighteenth aspect, a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the first distances of the plurality of mounting surfaces is greater than a dispersion range of the distance between the holder reference point and the tool tip in the first direction when the same tool is mounted to the tool holder.

[0029] According to a twentieth aspect of the present disclosure, in the tool tip position estimation method of the nineteenth aspect, a dispersion range of the position of the holder reference point in the first direction when the tool holder is mounted to the same mounting surface is greater than a dispersion range of the distance between the holder reference point and the tool tip in the first direction when the same tool is mounted to the tool holder.

[0030] According to a twenty-first aspect of the present disclosure, in any of the tool tip position estimation methods of the eighteenth to twentieth aspects, the tool holder is rotatable about a rotation axis passing through a tool holder origin point, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis or a direction parallel to the rotation axis.

[0031] According to a twenty-second aspect of the present disclosure, in the tool tip position estimation method of the twenty-first aspect, the first direction is a direction perpendicular to both the rotation axis and a workpiece rotation axis about which a workpiece mounted to the lathe is held to be rotatable.

[0032] According to a twenty-third aspect of the present disclosure, in the tool tip position estimation method of the sixteenth or seventeenth aspect, the plurality of mounting surfaces are disposed on the same plane.

[0033] According to a twenty-fourth aspect of the present disclosure, in the tool tip position estimation method of the twenty-third aspect, the first direction is a normal direction of the same plane or a direction perpendicular to the normal direction.

[0034] According to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present disclosure, any one of the first to twenty-fourth aspects of the tool tip position estimation method includes measuring an additional distance of the measurement object and the tool holder origin in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The method includes acquiring an eighth distance of the holder reference point of the installation surface arranged at the index position and the measurement object in the second direction when the measurement tool is attached to the tool holder. The method includes calculating a fourth distance of the tool holder origin and the holder reference point in the second direction based on the measured additional distance and the eighth distance, and storing the fourth distance. The method includes measuring a fifth distance of the holder reference point of the tool holder coinciding with the tool reference point of the measured tool and the tool tip in the second direction when the installation surface arranged at the index position and the measured tool are attached to the tool holder, and storing a third correspondence relation associating an identifier of the measured tool with the fifth distance. The method includes acquiring the identifier of the attached tool, and acquiring the fifth distance corresponding to the identifier of the measured tool coinciding with the identifier of the attached tool, and estimating a sixth distance of the tool holder origin and the tool tip of the attached tool in the second direction based on the acquired fifth distance and the fourth distance. In addition, it is preferable that the fifth distance is the distance of the tool reference point and the tool tip in the second direction.

[0035] According to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present disclosure, any one of the first to twenty-fifth aspects of the tool tip position estimation method further includes storing a second correspondence relation of the identifier of the installation surface, the first distance, and the identifier of the attached tool. The method further includes acquiring the identifier of the installation surface arranged at the index position, and determining the first distance and the identifier of the attached tool based on the acquired identifier of the installation surface.

[0036] According to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present disclosure, the tool tip position estimation method of the twenty-fifth aspect further includes storing a fourth correspondence relation of the identifier of the installation surface, the fourth distance, and the identifier of the attached tool. The method further includes acquiring the identifier of the installation surface arranged at the index position, and determining the fourth distance and the identifier of the attached tool based on the acquired identifier of the installation surface.

[0037] In a turret lathe, a machine tool having a tool rest in which a tool is mounted in a comb shape, since a plurality of mounting surfaces are provided, once the tool rest / tool mounting portion is mounted, the tool mounted to the tool rest / tool mounting portion can be used while being replaced in a state in which the tool rest / tool mounting portion is fixed to the mounting surface. On the other hand, the tool rest / tool mounting portion can mount the tool with a high reproducibility to the extent that the position of the tool tip of the tool can be ignored. The lathe according to the first aspect, the machine tool system according to the fifteenth aspect provided with the lathe according to the first aspect, and the tool tip position estimation method according to the sixteenth aspect, by utilizing the characteristics of such a machine tool, when a mounted tool is newly mounted to the tool rest, an identifier of the mounted tool is acquired, and a second distance is acquired using the first correspondence relationship, and a third distance of the tool tip of the mounted tool from the rest reference point in the first direction is estimated based on the acquired second distance and the first distance. According to this configuration, once the tool rest / tool mounting portion is fixed to the mounting surface and the first distance of the rest reference point is stored, even if the tool is replaced from the tool rest / tool mounting portion, the first distance can be used again. Furthermore, even if the tool is not mounted to the tool rest / tool mounting portion, the second distance can be measured by an external tool presetter or the like. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the preparation time for measuring the amount of shift of the tool tip positions of a plurality of tools.

[0038] In the lathe according to the second aspect, the machine tool system according to the fifteenth aspect provided with the lathe according to the second aspect, and the tool tip position estimation method according to the seventeenth aspect, since the second distance is the distance of the tool reference point from the tool tip at the time of mounting to the tool rest, the second distance is easily measured by an external device.

[0039] In the lathe according to the third aspect, the machine tool system provided with the lathe according to the third aspect, and the tool tip position estimation method according to the eighteenth aspect, the technical features of the first aspect can be applied to a plurality of mounting surfaces of a turret lathe.

[0040] In the lathe according to the fourth aspect, the machine tool system according to the fifteenth aspect provided with the lathe according to the fourth aspect, and the tool tip position estimation method according to the nineteenth aspect, the machining error of the plurality of mounting surfaces of the turret lathe is larger than the range of the shift of the tool tip position of the tool mounted to the tool rest. Even in this case, the machining error of the plurality of mounting surfaces of the turret lathe can be corrected by the first distance of the rest reference point. Therefore, since it is not necessary to separately calibrate the machining error of the plurality of mounting surfaces of the turret lathe, it is possible to further efficiently perform the preparation work for measuring the amount of shift of the tool tip positions of a plurality of tools.

[0041] In the fifth lathe, the fifteenth lathe processing system provided with the fifth lathe, and the twenty-first tool tip position estimation method, since the lathe moves the turret in a direction perpendicular or horizontal to the rotation axis of the turret lathe during processing, the offset of the moving direction during processing can be properly estimated, and the processing can be performed with high accuracy.

[0042] In the sixth lathe, the fifteenth lathe processing system provided with the sixth lathe, and the twenty-first tool tip position estimation method, since the lathe moves the turret in a direction perpendicular or horizontal to the rotation axis of the turret lathe during processing, the offset of the moving direction during processing can be properly estimated, and the processing can be performed with high accuracy.

[0043] In the seventh lathe, the fifteenth lathe processing system provided with the seventh lathe, and the twenty-first tool tip position estimation method, since the lathe moves the turret in a direction perpendicular or horizontal to the rotation axis of the turret lathe during processing, the offset of the moving direction during processing can be properly estimated, and the processing can be performed with high accuracy.

[0044] In the eighth lathe, the fifteenth lathe processing system provided with the eighth lathe, and the twenty-first tool tip position estimation method, the technical features of the first mode can be applied to the tool holder on which a plurality of tools are installed in a comb shape.

[0045] In the ninth lathe, the fifteenth lathe processing system provided with the ninth lathe, and the twenty-first tool tip position estimation method, since the lathe moves the turret in a direction perpendicular or horizontal to the rotation axis of the turret lathe during processing, the offset of the moving direction during processing can be properly estimated, and the processing can be performed with high accuracy.

[0046] In the tenth lathe, the fifteenth lathe processing system provided with the tenth lathe, and the twenty-first tool tip position estimation method, the offset of the tool tip in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction can be corrected.

[0047] In the eleventh lathe and the fifteenth lathe processing system provided with the eleventh lathe, the tool holder can position the tool tip position of the tool with respect to the holder reference point with an error of several μm.

[0048] In the twelfth lathe, the fifteenth lathe processing system including the twelfth lathe, and the twenty-fifth tool tip position estimation method, the first distance can be obtained using the measuring tool, and thus the measurement is easier than directly measuring the jig reference point. Further, since the jig reference point does not need to be directly measured using the measuring tool, the first distance can be obtained even in a machine tool in which the movable range of the driving device is small.

[0049] In the thirteenth and fourteenth machine tools, the fifteenth machine tool system including the twelfth machine tool, and the twenty-sixth and twenty-seventh tool tip position estimation methods, since the first distance (fourth distance) and the identifier of the mounted tool can be managed for each mounting surface, the rotation of the mounting surface, the replacement of the mounted tool, and the like can be flexibly dealt with.

[0050] According to the technology disclosed in the present application, the preparation time for measuring the offset of the tool tip positions of a plurality of tools can be shortened. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 is a configuration diagram showing the outline configuration of the lathe processing system of the first embodiment.

[0052] Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the turret.

[0053] Figure 3 is a diagram showing an example of the tool holder attached to the turret and the tool attached to the tool holder.

[0054] Figure 4 is an example of the tool rest on which the tool holder is mounted.

[0055] Figure 5 is a diagram showing a state in which the tool is inserted into the tool holder.

[0056] Figure 6 is an example of a diagram in which the tool is viewed from the tool center axis.

[0057] Figure 7 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of the lathe processing system of the first embodiment.

[0058] Figure 8 is a diagram showing the outline configuration of the portion in which the tool is mounted in the tool presetter.

[0059] Figure 9 is a diagram showing the dimensions of the tool, the tool holder, and the tool rest of the first embodiment.

[0060] Figure 10 shows an example of tool data.

[0061] Figure 11is a diagram showing an example of mounting surface data of the first embodiment.

[0062] Figure 12 is a diagram showing a measurement method of a holder reference point of a tool holder.

[0063] Figure 13 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of a tool tip position estimation method of a lathe.

[0064] Figure 14 is a structural diagram showing a schematic structure of a lathe of the second embodiment.

[0065] Figure 15 is a block diagram showing a hardware structure of a lathe processing system of the second embodiment.

[0066] Figure 16 is a diagram showing dimensions of a tool, a tool holder, and a tool rest of the second embodiment.

[0067] Figure 17 is an example of mounting surface data of the second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] Hereinafter, the present application will be specifically described in accordance with the drawings showing the embodiments of the present application. In addition, the same reference numerals in the drawings represent corresponding or substantially identical structures.

[0069] (First Embodiment)

[0070] (Structure of Lathe 1)

[0071] Figure 1is a configuration view showing an outline configuration of a lathe processing system 100 including the lathe 1 of the first embodiment of the present application. The lathe refers to a machine tool that mainly rotates a workpiece and performs machining such as external turning, boring, cutting, face turning, thread cutting, and the like using a turning tool or the like. The lathe processing system 100 includes the lathe 1, a network NW, a computer 99, a tool presetter 95, and a storage device 90 connected to the network NW. The network NW connects the computer 99 and the lathe 1 to enable the lathe 1 to communicate with the tool presetter 95. The computer 99 can also be a general-purpose computer including an electronic circuit such as a hardware processor and a memory. The tool presetter 95 is a device that measures the dimensions of a tool attached to a turret, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. H3-66552. The computer 99 is used to control the tool presetter 95 and transmit dimension data of the tool measured by the tool presetter 95 to the lathe 1. The network NW can be a wired network such as the Internet or a wireless network such as a wireless LAN. In the present embodiment, the storage device 90 is a network storage provided on the network NW. The network storage can also be a cloud storage on a cloud, for example. In addition, the storage device 90 can also be a memory within the computer 99 and can also be a memory of the numerical control device 2 described later.

[0072] In the present embodiment, the lathe 1 is a numerical control lathe and is a turret lathe. The numerical control lathe refers to a lathe that controls the relative movement of a tool and a workpiece by numerical information such as position and speed and performs a series of actions related to machining using programmed instructions. The lathe 1 is provided with a numerical control device 2, a base 3, a tool rest 4, a tool holder 5, an actuator 6, and a workpiece holding device 7. In the present embodiment, the tool rest 4 is a turret 40 having a plurality of attachment surfaces 8. The actuator 6 includes a rotation drive device 60 configured to rotate the turret 40 about a first axis AX1 and a translation drive device 61 configured to move the turret 40 on the base 3. In addition, the translation drive device 61 can be omitted. The first axis AX1 is along the Z-axis of a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system in the drawing. The rotation drive device 60 is, for example, a motor. The rotation drive device 60 is configured to position the turret 40 at a predetermined rotational position about the first axis AX1. Therefore, in the case where the rotation drive device 60 is a stepping motor or a servo motor that can control the rotational position by feedforward, it is preferable to include a rotational position detection sensor such as an encoder for positioning the turret 40 at the predetermined rotational position about the first axis AX1.

[0073] The translation drive 61 includes a first drive 62 configured to move the tool holder 4 in the Z-axis direction, and a second drive 64 configured to move the tool holder 4 in the X-axis direction of a three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system perpendicular to the Z-axis direction and intersecting the horizontal direction DH. The Y-axis direction of the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system is a direction perpendicular to both the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. The X-axis direction is a direction in which the tool T mounted to the turret 40 is translated when machining the workpiece. In the present embodiment, the X-axis direction is a direction inclined 30 degrees from the vertical direction. The orientation of the X-axis direction differs depending on the structure of the lathe 1. The translation drive 61 (first drive 62, second drive 64) is configured, for example, by a motor and a ball screw. The translation drive 61 is configured to position the rotational position of the motor to position the tool holder 4. Therefore, it is preferable that the motor be a stepping motor, and the translation drive 61 include a rotational position detection sensor such as an encoder. Furthermore, for simplicity of explanation, the translation drive 61 described above is configured not to move the tool holder 4 in the Y-axis direction, but can also be provided with a drive configured to move the tool holder 4 in the Y-axis direction.

[0074] The workpiece holding device 7 includes a jaw 73 holding the workpiece, a chuck 72 to which the jaw 73 is attached, and a rotation drive 71 configured to rotate the chuck 72 about the second axis AX2. Furthermore, the workpiece holding device 7 can also include a drive having the same function and structure as the first drive 62 configured to move the tool holder 4 in the Z-axis direction. In addition, the second axis AX2 is parallel to the first axis AX1. That is, the second axis AX2 is along the Z-axis of the three-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system described above. That is, the workpiece holding device 7 is configured to hold the workpiece so as to be rotatable about the workpiece rotation axis (second axis AX2). The X-axis direction is a direction perpendicular to both the first axis AX1 and the second axis AX2, and corresponds to the depth direction of the workpiece. The rotation drive 71 is configured to control the rotational speed of the chuck 72. The numerical control device 2 is configured to control the actuators 6 (rotation drive 60 and translation drive 61).

[0075] Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the turret 40. Referring to Figure 2 The outer shape of the turret 40 when viewed in the direction along the first axis AX1 is a substantially regular polygon centered on the first axis AX1, and the plurality of mounting surfaces 8 each correspond to one side of the regular polygon. As Figure 2 indicated, the plurality of mounting surfaces 8 are each assigned a number, which is referred to as a station number. In Figure 2In the example of FIG. 8, it is shown that the number of the plurality of mounting surfaces 8 is 12 and the outer shape of the turret 40 is a regular dodecagon. In the following embodiments, the position of the mounting surface 8 of the plurality of mounting surfaces 8 from the first axis AX1 toward the X-axis direction is referred to as an index position. The number of the T code of the machining program corresponds to the station number, and the turret 40 is rotated so that the mounting surface 8 of the station number corresponding to the number of the T code is positioned at the index position. That is, the actuator 6 (the rotary drive device 60) is configured to move the tool holder 4 so as to position each of the plurality of mounting surfaces 8 at the index position.

[0076] The tool holder 5 can mount the tool T. Figure 3 FIG. 9 is a view showing an example of the tool holder 5 attached to the turret 40 and the tool T mounted to the tool holder 5. The plurality of mounting surfaces 8 each has a plurality of mounting holes 8h that can mount various tool holders 5. Therefore, the plurality of mounting surfaces 8 each can attach the tool holder 5. The plurality of mounting holes 8h can also include a hole for threadably connecting with a bolt for mounting the tool holder 5, and a hole for passing a pin for positioning of the tool holder 5. Therefore, it is possible to mount the tool holder 5 at each of the mounting surfaces 8 of the turret 40, and it is possible to mount the tool holder 5 at all of the mounting surfaces 8 of the turret 40 as shown in FIG. 10, but it is also possible not to mount the tool holder 5 at at least one of the mounting surfaces 8. Figure 4

[0077] The tool holder 5 is a device that can be attached to the plurality of mounting surfaces 8 and can attach the tool T with high reproducibility. Attaching with high reproducibility means that the shift in the position of the tool tip when the same tool T is attached multiple times is small to the extent that it can be ignored (for example, about several μm) in the machining work. The tool holder 5 is a single holder 5A that can attach one tool T or a double holder 5B that can attach a plurality of tools T. The single holder 5A includes an insertion hole 5h into which a tool shaft TSH of the tool T is inserted. The double holder 5B includes insertion holes 5h1, 5h2 into which tool shafts TSH of the tools T are inserted. In order to be able to attach various tools T (Ta1 to Ta3, Tb1 to Tb3, Tc1 to Tc3) to the tool holder 5, the shapes of the insertion holes 5h, 5h1, 5h2 are substantially the same. The shapes of the tool shafts TSH of the tools T (Ta1 to Ta3, Tb1 to Tb3, Tc1 to Tc3) are substantially the same.

[0078] Next, the structure of the tool holder 5 that can attach the tool T with high reproducibility will be described. Figure 5 ​is a view showing a state in which the tool T is inserted into the tool holder 5. The tool T has: the tool shaft TSH described above; a tool flange TFL formed at one end of the tool shaft TSH; a tool center axis Axt that is a center axis of the tool shaft TSH; and a tool tip ED that contacts a workpiece at the time of machining. In addition, the tool T is composed of a tool head having the tool tip ED and an adapter having the tool shaft TSH, and the tool head with the adapter can also be regarded as the tool T. Figure 6 is an example of a view of the tool T viewed in a direction along the tool center axis Axt. In Figure 6 , the other end of the tool shaft TSH opposite the tool flange TFL is referred to as the front side. Figure 5 and Figure 6 are examples of structures required as structures that can install the tool T with high reproducibility, but can also be other shapes. Specific examples of such shapes can also be shapes based on the ISO 26623-1 standard, the ISO 12164 standard, and the ISO 26623-1 standard, for example. The side surface of the tool shaft TSH is a tapered surface configured to be closer to the tool center axis Axt the farther it is from the tool flange TFL. This side surface is referred to as a guided surface GEDS.

[0079] The insertion hole 5h has a side surface shape that matches the guided surface GEDS of the tool shaft TSH. This side surface of the insertion hole 5h is referred to as a guide surface GINGS. That is, the insertion hole 5h has a target center axis Atar that is equidistant from the guide surface GINGS of the insertion hole 5h, respectively. Since the guide surface GINGS has the above shape, if the tool shaft TSH is inserted into the inside of the insertion hole 5h, the tool center axis Axt and the target center axis Atar can be made substantially the same axis. Specifically, the guide surface GINGS is configured to be closer to the target center axis Atar the more it is directed in the insertion direction Dins from the tool T toward the tool holder 5. The guided surface GEDS is configured to be guided by the guide surface GINGS.

[0080] Referring to Figure 6 , the tool T (the tool shaft TSH) has at least two posture adjustment surfaces OAS that cross a circumferential direction DCIR centered on the tool center axis Axt (the guided surface GEDS of the tool shaft TSH in the example of Figure 6 ). The tool holder 5 has at least two contact surfaces CONS (the guide surface GINGS of the insertion hole 5h) configured to be in contact with the at least two posture adjustment surfaces OAS. With this structure, the posture of the tool T around the target center axis Atar is determined.

[0081] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6The tool holder 5 includes an engagement claw EC. The tool T (tool shaft TSH) has a shaft hole SHOL and an engagement groove GV. The engagement claw EC is inserted into the shaft hole SHOL. The engagement claw EC is configured to engage with and disengage from the engagement groove GV by an engagement claw sliding mechanism, not shown. If the engagement claw EC is engaged with the engagement groove GV, the tool T becomes unable to move in the direction along the target center axis Atar with respect to the tool holder 5, but is fixed to the tool holder 5. With the above structure, the tool holder 5 can mount the tool T with high reproducibility.

[0082] However, which of the guided surface GEDS and the guide surface GINGS, or which of the engagement groove GV and the engagement claw EC, or which of the at least two attitude adjustment surfaces OAS and the at least two abutment surfaces CONS, the tool T and the tool holder 5 have can be freely determined according to design changes, and in any case, the tool holder 5 can mount the tool T with high reproducibility.

[0083] Figure 7 is a block diagram of a hardware structure of the lathe processing system 100 of the first embodiment. The tool pre-adjuster 95 acquires an identifier (tool ID) of the tool T, and measures a distance from a holder reference point Ph (described later) to a tool tip position in a plurality of directions. The tool pre-adjuster 95, as described above, is a device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 3-66552, and in the application of the present application, is characterized by having the following structure. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a portion in which the tool is mounted in the tool pre-adjuster 95. In Figure 8 In the example of, the tool pre-adjuster 95 has a guide surface GINGS, at least two abutment surfaces CONS, and a structure having an engagement claw EC, which are substantially the same as those of the tool holder 5. The spindle 95S of the tool pre-adjuster 95 can be rotated by a rotation device, not shown (gear, handle, or motor, etc.), and can orient the tool tip ED in any direction. The holder reference point Ph is a point determined in accordance with the shapes of the guide surface GINGS, the at least two abutment surfaces CONS, the engagement claw EC, and the engagement groove GV of the tool T, and is, for example, an intersection of a rotation axis (the same axis as the target center axis Atar) of the spindle 95S and a reference surface 95P of the spindle 95S, which is in contact with the tool flange TFL of the tool T. In addition, when the tool T is mounted to the spindle 95S, a point inside the tool T substantially coinciding with the holder reference point Ph is referred to as a tool reference point Pt. Figure 8The position of the holder reference point Ph (tool reference point Pt) in the drawing is only an example, and can be another position as long as it is a point that can be recognized by the tool presetter 95 and is a point that is located at the same position with high reproducibility when the tool T is attached to the tool holder 5 and the spindle 95S. In the present embodiment, a case where the tool presetter 95 is used is described, but for example, in a case where the position of the tool tip is measured by another means, as long as it is a point that is located at the same position with high reproducibility when the tool T is attached to the tool holder 5, it can be another position.

[0084] As shown in FIG. 1, the tool T has a label TAG that has an identifier (tool ID) of the tool T. The label TAG is, for example, a bar code, but can be an RF-ID. When the tool T is attached to the spindle 95S, the tool presetter 95 reads the tool ID from the label TAG, and measures the length Ht and the length Wt that indicate the positional relationship between the holder reference point Ph (tool reference point Pt) and the tool tip ED. The tool presetter 95 has a known label reader for reading the tool ID from the label TAG. For example, in a case where the label TAG is a bar code, the tool presetter 95 has a bar code reader. In a case where the label TAG is an RF-ID, the tool presetter 95 has an RF-ID reader. Figure 8

[0085] The computer 99 includes a hardware processor 99P, a memory 99M, a display 99DS, an input interface 99IF, a system bus 99SB, an external I / O interface 99IO, and a communication interface 99CF. The tool presetter 95 is connected to the computer 99 via the external I / O interface 99IO such as RS-232C, USB, LAN, or the like. The computer 99 is connected to the network NW via the communication interface 99CF. By these configurations and by executing a known control program of the tool presetter 95 and a data transmission / reception program, the computer 99 acquires the measured dimensions of the measured tool and the identifier of the measured tool from the tool presetter 95, and transmits the acquired data to the storage device 90. The storage device 90 stores the dimensions of the measured tool in association with the identifier of the measured tool. The tool data 46 in the drawing corresponds to data in which the dimensions of the measured tool are associated with the identifier of the measured tool.

[0086] Figure 9 is a schematic view that shows the dimensions of the tool, the tool holder, and the tool rest of the first embodiment. Figure 10 represents an example of the tool data 46. As shown in FIG. 2, the tool data 46 includes the tool ID, the length Ht, and the length Wt. Figure 9 ​As shown, since the tool holder 5 has the guide surface GINGS, the at least two abutment surfaces CONS, the structure of the locking claw EC substantially identical to those of the main shaft 95S, it has the holder reference point Ph corresponding to the shapes thereof, and the length Ht and the length Wt indicating the positional relationship of the holder reference point Ph (tool reference point Pt) when the tool T is mounted to the tool holder 5 and the tool tip ED are consistent with the measurement results of the tool presetter 95. The length Ht is the distance of the tool reference point Pt and the tool tip ED in the DT1 direction along the tool center axis Axt. The length Wt is the distance of the tool reference point Pt and the tool tip ED in the radial direction with respect to the tool center axis Axt, i.e., the DT2 direction.

[0087] Referring to Figure 10 , the tool data 46 includes the correspondence relationship of the identifier (tool ID) of the tool T, the length Ht, and the length Wt. The tool T defined in the tool data 46 can also be referred to as a measured tool or a candidate tool. In Figure 10 , the correspondence relationship is expressed in a table form, but as long as the data structure capable of describing such a correspondence relationship, the tool data 46 can also be expressed in any form. A list, an array, a database are examples of such data structures.

[0088] The numerical control device 2 includes an electronic circuit such as an electric control unit (ECU), and includes an information processing unit such as a hardware processor 2P, a storage unit such as a memory 2M, and a system bus 2SB connecting the hardware processor 2P and other hardware. The numerical control device 2 includes a control panel 2CP such as a touch panel display capable of inputting and outputting information with respect to an operator. The touch panel of the control panel 2CP can be referred to as an input interface 2IF, and the display of the control panel 2CP can also be referred to as a display 2DS. In addition, the numerical control device 2 can have an input interface 2IF such as a button, a dial, and the like in addition to the touch panel. The numerical control device 2 also has a communication interface 2CF connected to a network NW, and can acquire at least a part of the tool data 46 stored in the storage device 90 via the communication interface 2CF.

[0089] The memory 2M stores a machining program 41 for machining a workpiece, a position correction program 42, and mounting surface data 45. The position correction program 42 is programmed to estimate a tool tip position of a tool T specified by the machining program 41 with reference to at least a portion of the mounting surface data 45 and the tool data 46. Therefore, it is preferable to call the position correction program 42 from the machining program 41. The position correction program 42 sends control commands to the servo drive DV that controls the rotary drive device 60 and the translational drive device 61 in accordance with the estimated tool tip position. The machining program 41 sends control commands to the inverter INV that controls the rotary drive device 71 in accordance with the instructions within the machining program. The computer 99 also includes a known external I / O interface 2IO that is connected to the servo drive DV and the inverter INV for sending these control commands. That is, the numerical control device 2 is configured to control the actuator 6.

[0090] Next, details of the mounting surface data 45 will be described. Figure 11 An example of the mounting surface data 45 of the first embodiment is shown. Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the dimensions of the tool holder 5 and the tool rest 4 (the turret 40) of the first embodiment. Figure 9 The tool holder 5 and the tool rest 4 are shown with the X axis as the upward direction and the Z axis as the leftward direction, and the state in which the tool T is inserted into such a tool holder 5 is shown. The tool rest 4 (the turret 40) has a tool rest origin Ot on the first axis AX1. That is, the tool rest 4 (the turret 40) is rotatable about the rotation axis (the first axis AX1) that passes through the tool rest origin Ot. The DT1 direction described above is substantially coincident with the X axis direction, and the DT2 direction described above is substantially coincident with the Z axis direction. Strictly speaking, due to the influence of mounting errors of the tool holder 5, the position of the tool tip ED sometimes slightly deviates from a plane that passes through the tool rest origin Ot and is parallel to the X axis and the Z axis in the Y axis direction, but since the deviation in the Y axis direction is coincident with the tangential direction of the rotation of the workpiece, the influence on the machining accuracy can be ignored. In addition, the mounting surface 8 sometimes slightly inclines from a plane that is parallel to the Y axis and the Z axis due to machining errors, whereby the DT1 direction slightly inclines from the X axis direction and the DT2 direction slightly inclines from the Z axis direction, but since the size of the tool T is small, the deviation of the position of the tool tip ED due to this deviation can be ignored.

[0091] As described above, the tool T has the tool reference point Pt that is substantially coincident with the holder reference point Ph when the tool T is mounted to the tool holder 5. Since the tool holder 5 can mount the tool T with high reproducibility, it can be considered that even if the tool T that can be mounted to the tool holder 5 or the like is mounted to the tool holder 5, the tool reference point Pt becomes the same point. Referring to Figure 11Mounting surface data 45 includes identifiers (mounting surface IDs) of the mounting surfaces 8 on which the tool holder 5 is mounted, the distance Hh in the X-axis direction and the distance Wh in the Z-axis direction between the tool holder origin Ot and the holder reference point Ph, and the correspondence between the tools T mounted to the tool holder 5. In the following description, the tool T defined in mounting surface data 45 can also be referred to as the mounted tool. Figure 11 The correspondence is represented in tabular form, but any data structure capable of recording such correspondences can be used to represent the mounting surface data in any form. Lists, arrays, and databases are examples of such data structures.

[0092] The numerical part of the mounting surface ID represents the workstation number. When a double bracket 5B is mounted on the mounting surface 8 corresponding to this workstation number, a suffix (A, B) is set after the numerical part of the mounting surface ID to distinguish the different insertion holes 5h1 and 5h2 of the double brackets. For example, the bracket reference point Ph with the larger z-coordinate (the bracket reference point Ph closer to the workpiece holding device 7) determined in the insertion holes 5h1 and 5h2 can be set as A, and the bracket reference point Ph with the smaller z-coordinate (the bracket reference point Ph farther away from the workpiece holding device 7) can be set as B.

[0093] In the following implementation, one of the distances Hh and Wh is referred to as the first distance, and the other as the fourth distance. Furthermore, the direction corresponding to the orientation that serves as the reference for the first distance in the X-axis and Z-axis directions is referred to as the first direction, and the direction corresponding to the orientation that serves as the reference for the fourth distance is referred to as the second direction. That is, when distance Hh is the first distance and distance Wh is the fourth distance, the X-axis direction is the first direction, and the Z-axis direction is the second direction. When distance Wh is the first distance and distance Hh is the fourth distance, the Z-axis direction is the first direction, and the X-axis direction is the second direction. In other words, the first direction is either perpendicular to or parallel to the first axis AX1.

[0094] The memory 2M stores the first distance (one of Hh and Wh) in the first direction (one of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction) between the holder reference point Ph of the tool holder 5 and the tool rest origin Ot when the installation surface configured at the index position is mounted to the tool holder 5 in accordance with the above definition. The memory 2M stores the fourth distance (the other of Hh and Wh) in the second direction (the other of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction) orthogonal to the first direction between the holder reference point Ph of the tool holder 5 and the tool rest origin Ot when the installation surface configured at the index position is mounted to the tool holder 5 in accordance with the above definition. Further, it can be said that the memory 2M stores a second correspondence relation of the identifier of the installation surface (the numerical portion of the installation surface ID), the first distance, and the identifier of the mounted tool (the tool ID). It can be said that the memory 2M stores a fourth correspondence relation of the identifier of the installation surface, the fourth distance, and the identifier of the mounted tool.

[0095] Further, it can be considered that the DT1 direction is coincident with the X-axis direction and the DT2 direction is coincident with the Z-axis direction. In the following embodiment, the length of Ht and Wt in the direction considered to be coincident with the first direction among the DT1 direction and the DT2 direction is referred to as a second distance. That is, the second distance is the distance between the tool reference point Pt and the tool tip ED in the first direction. The length of Ht and Wt in the direction considered to be coincident with the second direction among the DT1 direction and the DT2 direction is referred to as a fifth distance. That is, the fifth distance is the distance between the tool reference point Pt and the tool tip ED in the second direction. At this time, it can be said that the tool presetter 95 is configured to acquire the identifier of the tool T (the tool ID), and measure the second distance with respect to the measured tool in a state where the tool T determined by the acquired identifier, that is, the measured tool is removed from the tool holder 5. It can be said that the storage device 90 stores a first correspondence relation of the identifier of the candidate tool (the measured tool) mountable to the tool holder 5 (the tool ID) and the second distance (one of Ht and Wt) in the first direction (one of the DT1 direction and the DT2 direction) between the holder reference point Ph and the tool tip ED when the installation surface configured at the index position is mounted to the tool holder 5. It can be said that the storage device 90 stores a third correspondence relation of the identifier of the candidate tool (the measured tool) (the tool ID) and the fifth distance (the other of Ht and Wt) in the second direction (the other of the DT1 direction and the DT2 direction) when the candidate tool is mounted to the tool holder 5.

[0096] The tool holder 5 can mount the tool T with high reproducibility. However, the surface machining accuracy of the multiple mounting surfaces is not as high as that of the tool holder 5. Therefore, the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the first distances among the multiple mounting surfaces 8 is greater than the discrete range of the distance between the holder reference point Ph and the tool tip ED in the first direction when the same tool T is mounted to the tool holder 5. The difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the second distances among the multiple mounting surfaces 8 is greater than the discrete range of the distance between the holder reference point Ph and the tool tip ED in the second direction when the same tool T is mounted to the tool holder 5.

[0097] The tool holder 5 can mount the tool T with high reproducibility; however, the reproducibility of mounting the tool holder 5 is not as high as that of mounting the tool holder 5 itself. Therefore, the discrete range of the position of the holder reference point Ph in the first direction when the tool holder 5 is mounted on the same mounting surface 8 is greater than the discrete range of the distance between the holder reference point Ph and the tool tip ED in the first direction when the same tool T is mounted on the tool holder 5. Similarly, the discrete range of the position of the holder reference point Ph in the second direction when the tool holder 5 is mounted on the same mounting surface 8 is greater than the discrete range of the distance between the holder reference point Ph and the tool tip ED in the second direction when the same tool T is mounted on the tool holder 5.

[0098] Next, the explanation Figure 11 The method for inputting the tool ID (identifier of the installed tool) is as follows: The input interface 2IF of the CNC device 2 has the aforementioned known tag reader capable of reading the tag TAG of the tool T. When installing the tool T onto the tool holder 5, the operator selects and inputs the mounting surface ID corresponding to the insertion hole 5h of the tool holder 5 from the control panel 2CP or the input interface 2IF, and inputs the tool ID of the installed tool from the tag reader, thereby associating the tool ID of the installed tool with the mounting surface ID. When the installed tool is installed onto the mounting surface of the tool holder, the operator reads the installed tool using the tag reader built into the turret tool holder. If the installed tool does not match the corresponding tag, an alarm can be displayed on the screen.

[0099] Next, the measurement and input methods for distances Hh and Wh will be explained. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the method for determining the reference point Ph of the tool holder 5. (For example...) Figure 12As shown, the tool holder 5 is mounted with a measuring tool PRO. The measuring tool PRO is, for example, a probe. The measuring tool PRO includes a tool shaft TSH having the same structure as the tool shaft TSH of the tool T. The measuring tool PRO can also include a tool flange TFL including a locking groove GV or at least two orientation adjustment surfaces OAS. Thus, the tool holder 5 can be mounted with the measuring tool PRO. The measuring tool PRO has a ball B at a tip end. A center of the ball B is referred to as a measurement object Pb. That is, the measuring tool PRO has the measurement object Pb. A distance Hp of the measurement object Pb from the tool reference point Pt and a radius Wp of the ball are known. By a known method in which the ball B is brought into contact with the workpiece holding device 7 or a workpiece having a known shape, a distance Hm of the measurement object Pb from the tool rest origin Ot in the X-axis direction and a distance Wh of the measurement object Pb from the tool rest origin Ot in the Z-axis direction are measured. By subtracting the distance Hp from the distance Hm, the distance Hh can be obtained.

[0100] That is, the first distance (one of Hh and Wh) described above is a measured value of a distance of the measurement object Pb from the tool rest origin Ot in the first direction (one of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction) in a state in which the mounting surface of the plurality of mounting surfaces 8 on which the tool holder 5 is mounted is disposed at the index position and the measuring tool PRO is mounted to the tool holder 5, and is a value obtained based on a seventh distance (one of Hp and distance 0) of the holder reference point Ph from the measurement object Pb in the first direction when the mounting surface on which the tool holder 5 is mounted is disposed at the index position and the measuring tool PRO is mounted to the tool holder 5. The fourth distance (the other of Hh and Wh) described above is a measured value of a distance of the measurement object Pb from the tool rest origin Ot in the second direction (the other of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction) in a state in which the mounting surface of the plurality of mounting surfaces 8 on which the tool holder 5 is mounted is disposed at the index position and the measuring tool PRO is mounted to the tool holder 5, and is a value obtained based on an eighth distance (the other of Hp and distance 0) of the holder reference point Ph from the measurement object Pb in the second direction when the mounting surface on which the tool holder 5 is mounted is disposed at the index position and the measuring tool PRO is mounted to the tool holder 5.

[0101] The operator selects and inputs the mounting surface ID corresponding to the insertion hole 5h of the tool holder 5 from the control panel 2CP or the input interface 2IF, and inputs the measurement results, whereby the distance Hh, the distance Wh can be input in association with the mounting surface ID. In addition, the measurement tool PRO is not limited to the probe described above, but can be a tool T of which the length Ht, the length Wt are known. In this case, the distance of the tool tip ED of the known tool T from the tool holder origin Ot in the X-axis direction, the distance in the Z-axis direction can also be measured by a gauge or the like, and the distance Hh, the distance Wh can be measured by subtracting the length Ht, the length Wt from the measurement results. In this example, when the distance Hh is the first distance, the known length Ht can be referred to as the seventh distance described above, and the known length Wt can be referred to as the eighth distance described above. When the distance Wh is the first distance, the known length Wt can be referred to as the seventh distance described above, and the known length Ht can be referred to as the eighth distance described above.

[0102] Next, the estimation method of the position correction program 42 to estimate the position of the tool tip ED of the tool T will be described. The processor 2P executing the position correction program 42 executes a process of acquiring the tool ID (the identifier of the mounted tool) of the mounting surface data 45 by means of the tag reader (the input interface 2IF). Next, the processor 2P executing the position correction program 42 executes a process of acquiring the length Ht, Wt (the second distance, the fifth distance) corresponding to the identifier (the tool ID of the tool data 46) of the candidate tool (the measured tool) coinciding with the identifier of the mounted tool from the storage device 90. After the acquisition, the memory 2M can store the tool data 46. Next, the processor 2P acquires the identifier of the mounting surface 8 (the numerical part of the mounting surface ID) disposed at the index position from the number described in the T code of the machining program 41. Next, the processor 2P decides the distance Hh, Wh and the identifier of the mounted tool (the tool ID) from the mounting surface data 45 according to the acquired identifier of the mounting surface. The processor 2P executes a process of estimating the distance Ht+Hh of the tool holder origin Ot from the tool tip ED of the mounted tool in the X-axis direction according to the acquired length Ht and the distance Hh of the mounting surface data 45. Finally, the processor 2P executes a process of estimating the distance Wt+Wh of the tool holder origin Ot from the tool tip ED of the mounted tool in the Z-axis direction according to the acquired length Wt and the distance Wh of the mounting surface data 45. When the distance Hh is the first distance and the length Ht is the second distance, the distance Ht+Hh is referred to as the third distance. When the distance Wh is the fourth distance and the length Wt is the fifth distance, the distance Wt+Wh is referred to as the sixth distance. When the distance Wh is the first distance and the length Wt is the second distance, the distance Wt+Wh is referred to as the third distance. When the distance Hh is the fourth distance and the length Ht is the fifth distance, the distance Ht+Hh is referred to as the sixth distance. The processor 2P executing the machining program 41 controls the actuator 6 according to the third distance, the sixth distance.

[0103] (Processing flow of the tool tip position estimation method of the lathe 1)

[0104] Next, the tool tip position estimation method of the lathe 1 will be described. Figure 13 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the tool tip position estimation method of the lathe 1. In Figure 13 , in step S11, the tool holder 5 having the holder reference point Ph and mountable with the tool T having the tool tip ED is prepared in the method. In step S12, the tool rest 4 having the rest origin Ot and including the plurality of mounting surfaces 8 is prepared in the method. In step S13, the tool holder 5 is installed on the mounting surface among the plurality of mounting surfaces 8 in the method. In step S14, the measuring tool PRO having the measurement object Pb is installed to the tool holder 5 in the method. In step S15, the tool rest 4 is moved to dispose the mounting surface at the index position in the method. In step S16, the distance (one of the distance Hm and the distance Wh in the example of Figure 12 ) of the measurement object Pb from the rest origin Ot in the first direction (one of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction) is measured in the method. In step S16, the distance (the other of the distance Hm and the distance Wh in the example of Figure 12 ) of the measurement object Pb from the rest origin Ot in the second direction (the other of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction) can also be measured in the method.

[0105] In step S17, the seventh distance (one of the distance Hp and the distance 0 in the example of Figure 12 ) of the holder reference point Ph from the measurement object Pb in the first direction (one of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction) is obtained in the method when the above-described mounting surface is disposed at the index position and the measuring tool PRO is installed to the tool holder 5. This means that the known dimension data of the measuring tool PRO is obtained. In step S18, the first distance (one of Hh and Wh) of the rest origin Ot from the holder reference point Ph in the first direction (one of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction) is calculated in the method from the measured distance (one of the distance Hm and the distance Wh in the example of Figure 12 ) and the seventh distance (one of the distance Hp and the distance 0 in the example of Figure 12 ). The first distance is stored in the memory 2M. In step S18, the fourth distance (the other of Hh and Wh) of the rest origin Ot from the holder reference point Ph in the second direction (the other of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction) can also be calculated in the method from the measured distance (the other of the distance Hm and the distance Wh in the example of Figure 12 ) and the eighth distance (the other of the distance Hp and the distance 0 in the example of Figure 12 ). The fourth distance can also be stored in the memory 2M.

[0106] In step S19, the tool presetter 95 acquires the identifier (tool ID) of the measured tool in the process. In step S20, the tool presetter 95 measures the second distance (one of Ht and Wt) of the holder reference point Ph of the tool holder coinciding with the tool reference point of the measured tool and the nose ED in the first direction (one of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction) when the mounting surface is disposed at the index position and the measured tool is mounted to the tool holder 5 in the process. In step S20, the tool presetter 95 can also measure the fifth distance (the other of Ht and Wt) of the holder reference point Ph of the tool holder coinciding with the tool reference point of the measured tool and the nose ED in the second direction (the other of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction) when the mounting surface is disposed at the index position and the measured tool is mounted to the tool holder 5.

[0107] In step S21, the storage device 90 stores the first correspondence associating the identifier (tool ID) of the measured tool and the second distance (one of Ht and Wt) in the process. In step S21, the storage device 90 can also store the third correspondence associating the identifier (tool ID) of the measured tool and the fifth distance (the other of Ht and Wt).

[0108] In step S22, the installed tool is mounted to the tool holder 5 in the process. The mounting surface is disposed at the index position. In step S23, the lathe 1 acquires the identifier (tool ID) of the installed tool in the process. In step S24, the processor 2P of the position correction program 42 acquires the second distance (one of Ht and Wt) corresponding to the identifier of the measured tool coinciding with the identifier of the installed tool, and estimates the third distance (one of Hh+Ht and Wh+Wt) of the tool rest origin Ot and the nose ED of the installed tool in the first direction (one of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction) from the acquired second distance and the first distance (one of Hh and Wh) in the process. In step S24, the processor 2P can also acquire the fifth distance (the other of Ht and Wt) corresponding to the identifier of the measured tool coinciding with the identifier of the installed tool, and estimates the sixth distance (the other of Hh+Ht and Wh+Wt) of the tool rest origin Ot and the nose ED of the installed tool in the second direction (the other of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction) from the acquired fifth distance and the fourth distance (the other of Hh and Wh).

[0109] (Characteristics and effects of the lathe processing system, the nose position estimation method of the lathe 1, and the like of the present embodiment)

[0110] In the lathe 1, the lathe processing system 100, and the tool tip position estimation method of the lathe 1 of the present embodiment, the identifier of the mounted tool is acquired, and the second distance corresponding to the identifier of the candidate tool coinciding with the identifier of the mounted tool is acquired from the storage device 90 that stores the first correspondence relation of the identifiers of the candidate tools mountable to the tool holder 5 and the second distance of the holder reference point Ph and the tool tip ED in the first direction when the candidate tool is mounted to the tool holder 5 with the mounting surface being arranged at the index position. The third distance of the tool rest origin Ot and the tool tip ED of the mounted tool in the first direction is estimated from the acquired second distance and the first distance. Thus, the preparation time for the tool length measurement for measuring the position deviation of the tool tip positions of a plurality of tools can be shortened.

[0111] (Second Embodiment)

[0112] Figure 14 is a structural view that shows the structure of the main part of the lathe 1a of the second embodiment. Figure 15 is a block diagram of the hardware structure of the lathe processing system 100a of the second embodiment. Since the structure of the second embodiment is mostly the same as that of the first embodiment, only the different points are described, and the description of the same structure is omitted.

[0113] As shown in Figure 14 , the lathe 1a of the second embodiment mounts a plurality of tools T to the tool rest 4 in a comb shape, and moves the tool rest 4 in the XZ direction to contact the workpiece to perform processing. In the present embodiment, such a tool rest 4 is referred to as a comb tool rest 40a. Figure 14 The workpiece holding device 7 is illustrated in . The workpiece holding device 7 has the same structure as that of the first embodiment. It is preferable that the Z-axis direction be along the rotation axis AX2 of the workpiece holding device 7, and the X-axis direction be toward the vertical direction with respect to the rotation axis AX2 of the workpiece holding device 7. The structures of most parts of the lathe processing system 100a are the same as those of the lathe processing system 100, but the rotation driving device 60 is omitted in the lathe processing system 100a, and the first driving device 62a and the second driving device 64a are respectively configured to drive the comb tool rest 40a in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.

[0114] In the present structure, the tool holder 5 is mounted to a plurality of groove portions of the comb tool rest 40a. As shown in Figure 14 , the inner side surfaces of the plurality of groove portions can be regarded as a plurality of mounting surfaces 8. The bracketed numbers after the reference numerals of the mounting surfaces indicate the above-mentioned station numbers. According to Figure 14, a plurality of mounting surfaces 8 are provided on an identical plane IDP. A tool holder origin Ot of the gang tool holder 40a is determined for each lathe la. Either of a single holder 5A and a double holder 5B in which a plurality of tools T are mountable can be mounted on the mounting surface 8. In the first embodiment, the DT1 direction is set to be substantially coincident with the X-axis direction, and the DT2 direction is set to be substantially coincident with the Z-axis direction, but in the second embodiment, the DT1 direction is set to be substantially coincident with the Z-axis direction, and the DT2 direction is set to be substantially coincident with the X-axis direction. In the present embodiment, since the posture of the gang tool holder 40a is not changed, it can be considered that the mounting surface on which the tool holder 5 is mounted among the plurality of mounting surfaces 8 is disposed at the index position.

[0115] Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the dimensions of the tool holder 5 and the tool holder 4 (gang tool holder 40a) of the second embodiment. Figure 17 shows an example of the mounting surface data 45a of the second embodiment. Referring to Figure 16 , Figure 17 As the distance between the holder reference point Ph and the tool holder origin Ot, the distance in the X direction is denoted by Wh, and the distance in the Z direction is denoted by Hh. Their values can be found by the method shown in the first embodiment. As shown in Figure 17 , in the present embodiment, the double holder 5B is sometimes mounted, and in this case, a suffix is described after the mounting surface ID. In the present embodiment, the first direction can be considered to be one of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and the second direction can be considered to be the other of the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction. Therefore, the first direction is a normal direction of the identical plane IDP or a direction perpendicular to the normal direction. The second direction is a normal direction of the identical plane IDP or a direction perpendicular to the normal direction. At this time, the processor 2P executing the position correction program 42 can estimate the distance Hh+Ht between the tool holder origin Ot and the nose ED in the Z direction from the distance Hh and the length Ht. At this time, the processor 2P executing the position correction program 42 can estimate the distance Wh+Wt between the tool holder origin Ot and the nose ED in the X direction from the distance Wh and the length Wt.

[0116] In addition, in this gang tool holder 40a, as shown in the right view of Figure 16 , a model in which there is no offset of the nose ED from the tool holder origin Ot in the Y axis perpendicular to the X axis is shown, but an offset in the Y axis direction can also be considered. Alternatively, the direction from the Z axis toward the nose ED can be considered as the X axis to define the X axis.

[0117] (Modified example)

[0118] A part or all of the functions of the above-described position correction program 42 can also be realized by a dedicated processor, an integrated circuit. The above-described position correction program 42 is not limited to being built in the memory 2M of the numerical control device 2, but can also be stored in a disk such as a floppy disk, an optical disk, a CD-ROM, and a magnetic disk, and a storage medium such as an SD card, a USB memory, and an external hard disk, which is detachable from the numerical control device 2 and readable by the numerical control device 2.

[0119] In the present application, "possess" and derivatives thereof are non-limiting terms that describe the presence of a component, and do not exclude the presence of other components not recited. The same applies to "have", "include", and derivatives thereof.

[0120] The phrases "member", "part", "element", "body", and "structure" can have multiple meanings such as a single part or multiple parts.

[0121] The ordinal numbers "first", "second", and the like are merely terms for identifying the structures, and do not have other meanings (e.g., a particular order, etc.). For example, the presence of a "first element" does not imply the presence of a "second element", or the presence of a "second element" does not imply the presence of a "first element".

[0122] Unless specifically stated otherwise in the embodiments, the phrases "substantially", "approximately", and "about" can mean a reasonable deviation that does not substantially change the end result. All numerical values recited in the present application can be interpreted as including the phrases "substantially", "approximately", and "about".

[0123] In the present application, the phrase "at least one of A and B" should be interpreted as including only A, only B, and both A and B.

[0124] From the above disclosure, it is clear that various modifications and corrections of the present application can be made. Therefore, the present application can also be implemented in a method different from the specific disclosure of the present application without departing from the spirit of the present application.

Claims

1. A lathe, comprising: a tool holder having a holder reference point, and configured to mount a tool having a tool tip; a tool rest including a plurality of mounting surfaces each configured to mount the tool holder, and having a tool rest origin; an actuator configured to move the tool rest to position each of the mounting surfaces at an index position; and a numerical control configured to control the actuator, the numerical control comprising: a memory storing a first distance in a first direction between the holder reference point of the tool holder and the tool rest origin when a mounting surface of the plurality of mounting surfaces on which the tool holder is mounted is positioned at the index position and a mounted tool is mounted to the tool holder; and a processor, the processor acquiring an identifier of the mounted tool, the processor acquiring a second distance in the first direction between the holder reference point and the tool tip when a candidate tool that can be mounted to the tool holder is mounted to the tool holder from a storage device storing a first correspondence relationship between identifiers of the candidate tools and the second distances, the second distance corresponding to the identifier of the candidate tool that coincides with the identifier of the mounted tool, the processor estimating a third distance in the first direction between the tool rest origin and the tool tip of the mounted tool based on the acquired second distance and the first distance, the third distance being a sum of the first distance and the second distance, and controlling the actuator based on the third distance.

2. The lathe according to claim 1, wherein the tool has a tool reference point that substantially coincides with the holder reference point when mounted to the tool holder, and the second distance is a distance in the first direction between the tool reference point and the tool tip.

3. The lathe according to claim 1, wherein the tool rest is a turret.

4. The lathe according to claim 3, wherein a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the first distances of the plurality of mounting surfaces is greater than a dispersion range of a distance in the first direction between the holder reference point and the tool tip when the same tool is mounted to the tool holder.

5. The lathe according to claim 4, wherein a dispersion range of a position in the first direction of the holder reference point when the tool holder is mounted to the same mounting surface is greater than the dispersion range of the distance in the first direction between the holder reference point and the tool tip when the same tool is mounted to the tool holder.

6. The lathe according to claim 3, wherein the tool rest is rotatable about a rotation axis that passes through the tool rest origin, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis or a direction parallel to the rotation axis.

7. The lathe according to claim 6, further comprising a workpiece holding device configured to hold a workpiece so as to be rotatable about a workpiece rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to both the rotation axis and the workpiece rotation axis.

8. The lathe according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of mounting surfaces are disposed on the same plane.

9. The lathe according to claim 8, wherein ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ The first direction is a normal direction of the same plane or a direction perpendicular to the normal direction.

10. The lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein The memory stores a fourth distance of the holder reference point of the tool holder coinciding with a tool reference point of the mounted tool and the cartridge origin in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction when the mounting surface arrangement is arranged at the index position and the mounted tool is mounted to the tool holder, The processor acquires the fifth distance corresponding to the identifier of the candidate tool coinciding with the identifier of the mounted tool from a storage device storing a third correspondence relation of the identifier of the candidate tool and the fifth distance of the tool reference point of the candidate tool coinciding with the holder reference point and the tool tip of the candidate tool in the second direction when the candidate tool is mounted to the tool holder, The processor estimates a sixth distance of the cartridge origin and the tool tip of the mounted tool in the second direction from the acquired fifth distance and the fourth distance, and controls the actuator based on the sixth distance.

11. The lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein The tool has a tool center axis, The tool holder has a target center axis, The tool holder includes: one of a guide surface and a guided surface, the guide surface configured to approach the target center axis more as it goes in an insertion direction from one of the tool holder and the tool to the other, so that the tool center axis and the target center axis are substantially the same axis, and the guided surface configured to be guided by the guide surface; one of at least two posture adjustment surfaces intersecting a circumferential direction centered on the same axis and at least two abutment surfaces configured to abut the at least two posture adjustment surfaces; and one of a locking claw that restricts or releases movement of the tool in the insertion direction and a withdrawal direction opposite the insertion direction, and a locking groove disposed around the same axis and configured to engage the locking claw, The tool includes: the other of the guide surface and the guided surface; the other of the at least two posture adjustment surfaces and the at least two abutment surfaces; and the other of the locking claw and the locking groove.

12. The lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein The tool holder is mountable with a measurement tool having a measurement object, The first distance is a measurement value of a distance of the measurement object and the cartridge origin in the first direction from a state in which the mounting surface arrangement is arranged at the index position and the measurement tool is mounted to the tool holder, and is a value calculated based on a seventh distance of the holder reference point and the measurement object in the first direction when the mounting surface arrangement is arranged at the index position and the measurement tool is mounted to the tool holder.

13. The lathe according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein The memory stores a second correspondence relation of an identifier of the installed face, the first distance, and an identifier of the installed tool, The processor acquires an identifier of an installation face disposed at the index position, and determines the first distance and the identifier of the installed tool based on the acquired identifier of the installation face.

14. A lathe processing system, comprising: the lathe according to claim 13; a tool pre-adjustment device configured to acquire an identifier of a tool, and measure the second distance related to a measured tool in a state where the measured tool, which is the tool determined based on the acquired identifier, is removed from the tool holder; a network for communication between the numerical control device and the tool pre-adjustment device; and the storage device connected to the network, the storage device stores the first correspondence relation associating the identifier of the measured tool with data indicating the measured second distance, the processor acquires the second distance corresponding to the identifier of the measured tool that matches the identifier of the installed tool, and determines a third distance between the tool tip of the installed tool and the tool holder origin based on the acquired second distance and the first distance.

15. A tool tip position estimation method for a lathe, comprising: preparing a tool holder having a holder reference point and being mountable with a tool having a tool tip, preparing a tool rest having a tool rest origin and including a plurality of installation faces, mounting the tool holder at an installation face among the plurality of installation faces, mounting a measurement tool having a measurement object at the tool holder, moving the tool rest to dispose the installation face at an index position, measuring a distance between the measurement object and the tool rest origin in a first direction, acquiring a seventh distance between the holder reference point and the measurement object in the first direction when the installation face is disposed at the index position and the measurement tool is mounted to the tool holder, calculating a first distance between the tool rest origin and the holder reference point in the first direction based on the measured distance and the seventh distance, and storing the first distance, acquiring an identifier of a measured tool, measuring a second distance between the holder reference point of the measured tool and the tool tip in the first direction when the installation face is disposed at the index position and the measured tool is mounted to the tool holder, storing a first correspondence relation associating the identifier of the measured tool with the second distance, mounting an installed tool to the tool holder, and disposing the installation face at the index position, acquiring an identifier of the installed tool, acquiring the second distance corresponding to the identifier of the measured tool that matches the identifier of the installed tool, and estimating a third distance between the tool tip of the installed tool and the tool rest origin in the first direction based on the acquired second distance and the first distance, the third distance being a sum of the first distance and the second distance.

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