Weaned piglet feed based on purple perilla extract as well as preparation method and application of weaned piglet feed

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed. The invention provides a weaned piglet feed based on a purple perilla extract. The feed comprises 2-4% w / w of a feed additive and a basal feed, wherein the feed additive comprises a purple perilla herb aqueous extract, a affine cudweed herb aqueous extract and hawthorn fermented dry powder according to the weight ratio of 3: 3: (1-3). The feed disclosed by the invention can be used for remarkably increasing the daily gain of weaned piglets of the Congjiang Xiang pigs and the Jiangkou radish pigs and reducing the occurrence rate of diarrhea, and can be used for improving the feeding economy of the Congjiang Xiang pigs and the Jiangkou radish pigs; in addition, the feed additive is simple in formula, raw materials are easy to obtain, and the feed additive has industrial application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed, and particularly relates to a weaned piglet feed based on perilla extract and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Perilla is a self-fertile annual herb belonging to the family of Isaceae. It is widely distributed in southern my country. It is a plant with both medicinal and edible properties. It has the effects of relieving cold, promoting qi and harmonizing the stomach, regulating qi and stabilizing pregnancy. When used in food or food additives, the edible value of perilla varies greatly due to the different components of different parts. For example, [1] et al. found that the protein content of perilla leaves is 23.4%, the hydrolyzed amino acid content is 19.31%, the total dietary fiber content is 29.4%, and it is rich in minerals, with potassium and calcium contents reaching 22900mg / kg and 17900mg / kg respectively; Zhang Hong [2] et al. found that the crude fiber content in perilla stems is 56.30g / 100g, which is higher than that in perilla leaves and seeds; perilla stems are also rich in calcium and zinc, which are 9100mg / kg and 82mg / kg respectively; Shen Qi [3] et al. found that the oil content of perilla seeds was 40.99%, the crude protein content was 20.39%, the α-linolenic acid content was 50.16%, the oleic acid content was 21.19%, the linoleic acid content was 16.43%, the palmitic acid content was 7.25%, and the stearic acid content was 2.8%.

[0003] At present, there have been many studies on using perilla as a feed additive, which can be mainly divided into three aspects: one is to develop feed additives suitable for animal growth, disease prevention and treatment based on the theory of Chinese medicine compatibility. For example, Chinese patent CN106879824B uses a formula composed of Chinese medicines such as perilla, Eucommia ulmoides and Atractylodes lancea as a feed additive, which can enhance the physique and immunity of piglets, increase the average weight gain of piglets, and reduce the incidence of piglets; another example is Chinese patent CN106819468B uses Chinese herbal medicines such as perilla, Vitex negundo, Solanum nigrum in combination with other nutrients to obtain a piglet feed that can increase piglet weight and enhance immunity; another example is Chinese patent application CN104171377A provides a Chinese medicine synbiotic feed additive for preventing and treating piglet diarrhea, which is composed of 12 Chinese herbal medicines such as perilla leaves, Forsythia suspensa and Chuanxiong, which can prevent and treat piglet diarrhea. The second is to use fermentation technology to use perilla as one of the fermentation substrates to develop biological fermentation feed with relevant functions. For example, Chinese patent CN106538862B uses perilla oil and other substances as fermentation base materials and adopts specific fermentation technology to obtain biological fermentation feed that improves the digestion ability of piglets; another example is Wang Lei [4]et al. summarized the research and application of fermented perilla meal in livestock feed; another example is that Chinese patent application CN105746921A developed a feed that can prevent and treat piglet diarrhea by fermenting perilla leaves, specific probiotic powder and other raw materials. The third is to use perilla extract as a feed additive, such as Li Zipeng [5] Studies have found that adding perilla seed extract to feed can increase the level of urea nitrogen in the serum of weaned piglets and improve the antioxidant activity; for example, Li Mingjie et al. [6] People have found that perilla seed extract can improve the growth performance of fattening pigs and enhance the immunity of fattening pigs; for example, Chinese patent CN117730952B uses a composite perilla seed extract as one of the feed raw materials to prepare a feed composition, which can improve the growth performance of pigs and improve the meat quality; for example, Chinese patent application CN105146200A provides a pig feed, which combines perilla extract and eucommia leaf extract with fermented products of related bacteria to obtain a feed that can improve feed utilization and enhance animal immunity.

[0004] In addition to scientific research, the use of perilla to prepare animal feed has also been widely used in industry. For example, Chinese patent CN100421574C provides a feed additive containing perilla seed oil, which has been mass-produced by Chongqing Yousheng Technology Development Co., Ltd. (the product name is "Ziyue Eugenics"). Related scientific research, such as Li Zipeng [5] Research by Zhang Yong [7] Zhang Qianqian [8] The research also used the industrialized feed as the research object.

[0005] Congjiang Xiang pig is a rare and excellent local pig breed in my country. It is bred through long-term natural and artificial selection and is famous for its characteristics of "short stature, tender meat, homozygous genes, and pure and pollution-free products". The inventor's unit, Guizhou Provincial Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute, has completed a number of research and development on advanced breeding technologies for Congjiang Xiang pigs, including feed suitable for feeding Congjiang Xiang pig weaned piglets.

[0006] For example, the research of Chinese patent CN112335606B applied by the inventor's unit shows that there is a huge difference between the feeding of Congjiang Xiang pig and other breeds of pigs, and the feed suitable for other breeds is not suitable for the feeding of Congjiang Xiang pig. At the same time, existing literature reports also show that this situation also exists in feed with perilla as raw material, such as Li Zipeng [5] Studies have shown that perilla seed oil extract (CN100421574C patented product) can improve the growth performance of piglets, but Zhang Yong [7] The research of et al. showed that the use of perilla seed oil extract could not improve the growth performance of weaned Congjiang Xiang pigs.

[0007] However, as far as the inventor knows, in the prior art, only Zhang Yong [7] et al. have studied the effect of feeding Congjiang fragrant pigs with perilla seed oil extract, and concluded that perilla seed oil extract has no weight gain effect on weaned Congjiang fragrant piglets; as to whether the use of extracts from other parts or the whole plant of perilla is beneficial to the weight gain or improvement of immunity of Congjiang fragrant pigs, it remains to be studied.

[0008] Perilla is a common plant in southern China and is relatively easy to obtain. Considering that the work of extracting plants is not complicated, the inventor team tried to use the hydrothermal extraction method to extract Perilla leaves and use the obtained extract as a feed additive to feed weaned Congjiang Xiang pigs. However, the experimental results showed that this solution was not only unhelpful for the weight gain of Congjiang Xiang pigs, but also significantly increased the diarrhea rate.

[0009] In summary, perilla has the advantages of wide distribution and easy access, and has been proven to be suitable as a feed additive for many livestock and poultry breeding after appropriate processing. However, for the feeding of Congjiang Xiang pig weaned piglets, whether perilla or its corresponding processed products can be used as feed raw materials to improve the growth performance and immunity of Congjiang Xiang pig weaned piglets is a topic worthy of research.

[0010] Prior art reports:

[0011] [1] Qiao Xin, Wang Quan, Zeng Tiantian, et al. Study on the flavor and nutritional components of perilla leaves / seeds and the adsorption of trimethylamine by their aqueous solutions [J]. Chinese Food Additives, 2022, 33(9): 196-203.

[0012] [2] Zhang Hong, Huang Jianshao, Zhao Donghai. Research on nutritional components of Perilla frutescens[J]. Food and Machinery, 2006(2):41-43.

[0013] [3] Shen Qi, Wang Xianping, Yang Sen, et al. Analysis of the main nutritional components of perilla seeds[J]. Journal of Southwest Agriculture, 2019, 32(8): 1904-1909.

[0014] [4] Wang Lei, Xiang Lixin, Xiang Guangming, et al. Research and application of fermented perilla meal in livestock and poultry feed[J]. China Poultry Guide, 2023, 40(08): 55-57.

[0015] [5] Li Zipeng. Effects of Perilla Seed Extract on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Indexes and Fecal Microorganisms of Weaned Piglets[D]. Sichuan Agricultural University, 2019. DOI: 10.27345 / d.cnki.gsnyu.2019.000856.

[0016] [6] Li Mingjie, Jiang Ling. Effects of perilla seed extract on growth performance, immune function and economic benefits of fattening pigs[J]. China Feed, 2024, (20): 47-50. DOI: 10.15906 / j.cnki.cn11-2975 / s.20242012.

[0017] [7] Zhang Yong, Zhang Xiong, Lu Jing, et al. Effects of two Chinese herbal medicine additives on growth performance and serum immune indexes of Congjiang Xiang piglets[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Husbandry, 2017, 53(02): 127-131. DOI: 10.19556 / j.0258-7033.2017-02-127.

[0018] [8] Zhang Qianqian. Effects of Bacillus subtilis and Perilla seed extracts on growth performance, antioxidant indicators and intestinal health of weaned piglets[D]. Sichuan Agricultural University, 2020. DOI: 10.27345 / d.cnki.gsnyu.2020.000900. Summary of the invention

[0019] In view of the defects of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a feed based on perilla extract, which can be used to increase the weight of weaned piglets of Congjiang Xiang pigs and reduce the diarrhea rate. In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0020] A weaned piglet feed based on perilla extract, the feed comprising 2% to 4% w / w of feed additives and basic feed; wherein the feed additive comprises a water extract of the whole plant of perilla, a water extract of the whole plant of Artemisia scoparia and a fermented dried powder of hawthorn in a weight ratio of 3:3:1 to 3;

[0021] The water extract of the whole plant of Perilla frutescens is an extract obtained by using the hydrothermal extraction method on the whole plant of Perilla frutescens; the water extract of the whole plant of Gnaphalium sibiricum is an extract obtained by using the hydrothermal extraction method on the whole plant of Gnaphalium sibiricum;

[0022] The hawthorn fermented dry powder is prepared by mixing ground hawthorn powder and boiled potatoes at a weight ratio of 3:1, adding sterile water to make the solid-liquid weight ratio 2.5:1, inoculating Aspergillus nigerYM33182 for fermentation at 28-32°C for 36 hours; freeze-drying the fermented product to obtain the hawthorn fermented dry powder; the Aspergillus nigerYM33182 has a preservation number of CCTCC No: M206113;

[0023] The weaned piglets are Congjiang Xiang pig weaned piglets or Jiangkou radish pigs.

[0024] Prior to this invention, the inventor team had conducted a number of research and developments around the advanced feeding technology of Congjiang Xiang pigs. During the research process, it was found that Congjiang Xiang pigs are different from other breeds, and it is extremely difficult to develop a feeding technology suitable for their weight gain. Through difficult research and development, the inventor team explored a two-stage feeding method based on fermented chrysanthemum and fermented grape seed dry powder in Chinese patent CN112335606B. This method can make the average daily weight gain of weaned piglets of Congjiang Xiang pigs reach more than 200g / d throughout the whole cycle, solving the problem of low economic returns from feeding Congjiang Xiang pigs and providing a technical basis for expanding the scale of Congjiang Xiang pig breeding.

[0025] However, the above-mentioned feeding method also has disadvantages, that is, it is necessary to switch to another feed after the first feeding. This feeding method can still be implemented in small-scale farms, but in large-scale farms, it significantly increases the cost of feeding and management. The reason is that there are a large number of piglets in large farms, and the newly weaned piglets are added dynamically. The segmented feeding method requires accurate grouping and recording of piglets, which is extremely dependent on manpower. For this reason, developing a feed that is universal for the entire cycle of weaned piglets from Congjiang Xiang pigs and can have the technical effects obtained by the above-mentioned two-stage feeding method is the key to further improving the economic efficiency of Congjiang Xiang pig farming.

[0026] Based on the fact that perilla is more common in Guizhou Province, it is suitable for preparing Congjiang fragrant pig feed according to local conditions, and also considering that perilla and its processed products have been widely used in the preparation of animal feed, the inventor team has carried out research on the relevant extracts of perilla for preparing feed additives. However, it is disappointing that when the relevant extracts (including leaf part water extract, alcohol extract and whole grass water extract) are used as feed additives, after feeding the weaned piglets of Congjiang fragrant pigs within 2 weeks after weaning, the diarrhea rate of piglets is generally improved, and the inventor immediately stops further experiments. After that, in terms of how to prepare feed additives based on perilla processed products (mainly perilla whole grass water extract), the inventor has made some attempts, and finally found that after the perilla whole grass water extract, the whole grass water extract of Artemisia argyi and the fermented dried powder of hawthorn are matched, the diarrhea rate of the weaned piglets of Congjiang fragrant pigs can be significantly reduced, which provides space for further exploring how to improve the daily weight gain of piglets. However, surprisingly, the combination can not only reduce the diarrhea rate of piglets, but also significantly increase the daily weight gain of piglets during the entire feeding cycle, and the daily weight gain achieved the level of the above two-stage feeding method. In addition, when the inventor used the feed of the present invention for the Jiangkou Radish Pig, a breed that is also difficult to breed, it was also found that the present invention also had a good feeding effect on the weaned Jiangkou Radish Pig piglets, and could significantly improve their fattening performance.

[0027] Therefore, the contribution of the present invention to the prior art is that, compared with Chinese patent CN112335606B, it provides another simpler feed suitable for feeding weaned piglets of Congjiang Xiang pigs, which can significantly increase the daily weight gain of piglets and reduce the diarrhea rate; at the same time, it also significantly improves the fattening performance of weaned piglets of Jiangkou radish pigs.

[0028] Preferably, the preparation method of the water extract of the whole herb of Perilla frutescens is: take the whole herb of Perilla frutescens, add it to water in a weight ratio of 1:8, perform hydrothermal extraction at 85° C. for 4 hours, concentrate it using a rotary evaporator, and then freeze-dry it to obtain the water extract.

[0029] Preferably, the preparation method of the whole herb water extract of Gnaphalium sibiricum is: take the whole herb of Gnaphalium sibiricum, add it to water in a weight ratio of 1:10, perform hydrothermal extraction at 85°C for 4 hours, concentrate it using a rotary evaporator, and then freeze-dry it to obtain the extract.

[0030] Preferably, when inoculating Aspergillus niger YM33182, the inoculation amount is 2% by volume.

[0031] Preferably, the weight ratio of the water extract of the whole plant of Perilla frutescens, the water extract of the whole plant of Gnaphalium wilfordii and the fermented dry powder of Crataegus pinnatifida is 3:3:2.

[0032] Optionally, the formula of the basic feed is as follows according to weight percentage: 58% corn, 10% broken rice, 10% bran, 10% soybean cake, 8% fish meal, 2.5% green feed, 0.5% calcium carbonate, 0.5% calcium phosphate, and 0.5% salt.

[0033] Preferably, the feed additive is added in an amount of 3% w / w.

[0034] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the feed, which comprises mixing the feed additive with a basic feed to obtain the feed.

[0035] The present invention also provides the use of the above feed in feeding weaned Congjiang Xiang pigs. Preferably, when feeding weaned Congjiang Xiang pigs, the feed is used to feed the piglets from the day of weaning, twice a day, and they are free to eat.

[0036] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0037] The feed of the invention can significantly increase the daily weight gain of weaned Congjiang fragrant pigs and reduce the incidence of diarrhea, and can be used to improve the economic efficiency of feeding Congjiang fragrant pigs; in addition, the feed additive formula is simple, the raw materials are easily available, and it has the prospect of industrial application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is described in detail below through examples. It is necessary to point out that the following examples are only used to further illustrate the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by technical personnel in this field based on the above invention content still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Weaned pig feed based on Perilla extract:

[0041] According to the weight percentage, 3% of the feed additive and 97% of the basic feed are mixed evenly to obtain the feed additive. The feed additive is composed of the water extract of the whole plant of Perilla frutescens, the water extract of the whole plant of Artemisia argyi and the fermented dried powder of Hawthorn in the weight ratio of 3:3:2.

[0042] The preparation method of the water extract of the whole plant of Perilla frutescens is as follows: take the whole plant of Perilla frutescens, add it to water at a weight ratio of 1:8, perform hydrothermal extraction at 85°C for 4 hours, concentrate it by a rotary evaporator, and then freeze-dry it. The preparation method of the water extract of the whole plant of Gnaphalium sibiricum is as follows: take the whole plant of Gnaphalium sibiricum, add it to water at a weight ratio of 1:10, perform hydrothermal extraction at 85°C for 4 hours, concentrate it by a rotary evaporator, and then freeze-dry it.

[0043] The fermented hawthorn dry powder is obtained by the following method: grinding hawthorn powder and boiled potatoes are mixed in a weight ratio of 3:1, sterile water is added to make the solid-liquid weight ratio 2.5:1, and Aspergillus niger YM33182 is inoculated with an inoculum amount of 2% for fermentation at 28-32°C for 36 hours; after draining the water from the fermentation product, freeze-drying is performed to obtain the fermented hawthorn dry powder; the Aspergillus niger YM33182 has a preservation number of: CCTCC No: M 206113.

[0044] The Aspergillus niger YM33182 is owned by the laboratory, and the present invention does not involve the screening and preservation of the Aspergillus niger YM33182.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] Weaned pig feed based on Perilla extract:

[0047] According to the weight percentage, 2% of the feed additive and 98% of the basic feed are mixed evenly to obtain the feed additive. The feed additive is composed of the water extract of the whole plant of Perilla frutescens, the water extract of the whole plant of Artemisia argyi and the fermented dried powder of Hawthorn in the weight ratio of 3:3:1.

[0048] The preparation method of the water extract of the whole plant of Perilla frutescens is as follows: take the whole plant of Perilla frutescens, add it to water at a weight ratio of 1:8, perform hydrothermal extraction at 85°C for 4 hours, concentrate it by a rotary evaporator, and then freeze-dry it. The preparation method of the water extract of the whole plant of Gnaphalium sibiricum is as follows: take the whole plant of Gnaphalium sibiricum, add it to water at a weight ratio of 1:10, perform hydrothermal extraction at 85°C for 4 hours, concentrate it by a rotary evaporator, and then freeze-dry it.

[0049] The fermented hawthorn dry powder is obtained by the following method: grinding hawthorn powder and boiled potatoes are mixed in a weight ratio of 3:1, sterile water is added to make the solid-liquid weight ratio 2.5:1, and Aspergillus niger YM33182 is inoculated with an inoculum amount of 2% for fermentation at 28-32°C for 36 hours; after draining the water from the fermentation product, freeze-drying is performed to obtain the fermented hawthorn dry powder; the Aspergillus niger YM33182 has a preservation number of: CCTCC No: M 206113.

[0050] The Aspergillus niger YM33182 is owned by the laboratory, and the present invention does not involve the screening and preservation of the Aspergillus niger YM33182.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] Weaned pig feed based on Perilla extract:

[0053] According to the weight percentage, 4% of the feed additive and 96% of the basic feed are mixed evenly to obtain the feed additive. The feed additive is composed of the water extract of the whole plant of Perilla frutescens, the water extract of the whole plant of Artemisia argyi and the fermented dried powder of Hawthorn in the weight ratio of 3:3:3.

[0054] The preparation method of the water extract of the whole plant of Perilla frutescens is as follows: take the whole plant of Perilla frutescens, add it to water at a weight ratio of 1:8, perform hydrothermal extraction at 85°C for 4 hours, concentrate it by a rotary evaporator, and then freeze-dry it. The preparation method of the water extract of the whole plant of Gnaphalium sibiricum is as follows: take the whole plant of Gnaphalium sibiricum, add it to water at a weight ratio of 1:10, perform hydrothermal extraction at 85°C for 4 hours, concentrate it by a rotary evaporator, and then freeze-dry it.

[0055] The fermented hawthorn dry powder is obtained by the following method: grinding hawthorn powder and boiled potatoes are mixed in a weight ratio of 3:1, sterile water is added to make the solid-liquid weight ratio 2.5:1, and Aspergillus niger YM33182 is inoculated with an inoculum amount of 2% for fermentation at 28-32°C for 36 hours; after draining the water from the fermentation product, freeze-drying is performed to obtain the fermented hawthorn dry powder; the Aspergillus niger YM33182 has a preservation number of: CCTCC No: M 206113.

[0056] The Aspergillus niger YM33182 is owned by the laboratory, and the present invention does not involve the screening and preservation of the Aspergillus niger YM33182.

[0057] Experimental Example 1

[0058] 1. Experimental animals and feed

[0059] 1.1 Experimental animals: Weaned Congjiang Xiang piglets from a local breeding farm in Congjiang.

[0060] 1.2 Feed additive raw materials:

[0061] The preparation methods of the water extract of the whole herb of Perilla frutescens and the whole herb of Gnaphalium sibiricum are as described in Examples 1 to 3;

[0062] Perilla leaf water extract: Take perilla leaves, add them to water in a weight ratio of 1:8, perform hydrothermal extraction at 85°C for 4 hours, concentrate using a rotary evaporator, and then freeze-dry to obtain the extract;

[0063] Perilla leaf ethanol extract: Take perilla leaves, add them into 60% ethanol in a weight-to-volume ratio of 1 g:5 mL, extract at 60° C. for 2 hours, concentrate using a rotary evaporator, and then vacuum dry to obtain the extract.

[0064] 1.3 Experimental feed: Feed obtained by adding corresponding feed additives to basic feed.

[0065] 1.3.1 Basic feed formula (w / w): 58% corn, 10% broken rice, 10% bran, 10% soybean cake, 8% fish meal, 2.5% green feed, 0.5% calcium carbonate, 0.5% calcium phosphate, and 0.5% salt.

[0066] 13.2 Feed additives:

[0067] Table 1

[0068]

[0069] 2. Diarrhea rate test

[0070] 120 weaned piglets from Congjiang Xiang pigs were divided into 6 groups, each with 20 piglets. After weaning, the piglets were fed with experimental feeds (the names of the feed additives in each group in Table 1 were used as the names of the feeds in each group in this experiment), and the control group was fed with only basic feeds; the feeding cycle was 2 weeks; the piglets were fed twice a day, with free drinking water, and the diarrhea was recorded. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0071] Table 2

[0072]

[0073] In the early stage of the present invention, the inventor investigated the feeding results of perilla leaf water extract as a feed additive. As shown in Table 1, the addition of perilla leaf water extract can significantly increase the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets of Congjiang Xiang pigs. During the 2-week experimental period, 60% of the tested piglets had diarrhea, indicating that the perilla leaf water extract has a stimulating effect on the gastrointestinal tract of weaned piglets.

[0074] Under this circumstance, the inventor continued to try to use the alcohol extract of perilla leaves as a feed additive, and also found that it would increase the incidence of diarrhea in piglets. Similarly, when the water extract of the whole perilla plant was used as a feed additive, a similar phenomenon was also found. However, it is worth noting that the water extract of the whole perilla plant is less irritating to the gastrointestinal tract of piglets than the water extract of perilla leaves.

[0075] Through continuous exploration, the inventors found that the combination of water extract of the whole plant of Perilla and water extract of Artemisia argyi resulted in a significantly reduced chance of diarrhea in piglets compared to the use of water extract of the whole plant of Perilla or water extract of Perilla leaves as feed additives. Inspired by this, the inventors conducted further literature research and research and development work. As far as the inventors know, the only prior art report on the combination of Perilla and Artemisia argyi is that the Chinese patent application CN104054922A uses both as raw materials for rabbit feed. However, the patent does not examine the effects of the extracts of the two when feeding the corresponding animals. In fact, the incidence of diarrhea of ​​30% is still too high and does not meet the requirements for the development of animal feed. Therefore, it is worth studying whether the formula of the additive can be further improved on the basis of the composition.

[0076] Considering that the perilla seed oil extract (a patented product of CN100421574C, purchased from Chongqing Yousheng Technology Development Co., Ltd.) did not cause more diarrhea in the feeding study of Congjiang Xiang pigs, the inventor team added it to the water extracts of whole perilla herb and gnaphaliurn affine, forming a new feed additive formula. However, unfortunately, the addition of the perilla seed oil extract did not improve the diarrhea rate. Subsequently, the inventor team turned their attention to the additives studied previously, such as the fermented and dried powder of grape seeds and the fermented and dried powder of hawthorn that the inventors had investigated in Chinese Patent CN112335606B. Surprisingly, when the fermented and dried powder of hawthorn was added to the water extracts of whole perilla herb and gnaphaliurn affine, the diarrhea rate was significantly reduced to 5%, which was significantly lower than that of the control group, indicating that the obtained feed additive had the effect of reducing the diarrhea rate, as shown in "the feed additive obtained in Example 1" in Table 3.

[0077] The experimental scheme in Table 3 was the same as that in Table 2. There were 60 weaned Congjiang Xiang piglets as the test subjects, divided into 3 groups with 20 pigs in each group. The feeding period was 2 weeks, and they were fed twice a day with free access to water. The addition amount of the feed additive in Table 3 was also 2% w / w.

[0078] Table 3

[0079]

[0080] 3. Weight gain investigation experiment

[0081] In the aforementioned diarrhea investigation experiment, the experimental period set by the inventors was relatively short, only 2 weeks. The main consideration was that if large-scale diarrhea occurred, other feeds (such as the second-stage feed in CN112335606B) could be switched in time to reduce economic losses. In this experiment, in addition to investigating the weight gain situation, the overall diarrhea rate for the entire cycle (50 days) was also investigated. Additionally, considering that the diarrhea rate in some groups in Table 2 was too high (greater than 30%), therefore, in the weight gain experiment, only the groups with a diarrhea rate not higher than 30% were continued to be investigated. The experimental results are shown in Table 4.

[0082] In this experiment, 400 weaned Congjiang Xiang piglets were taken, divided into 8 groups with 50 pigs in each group. After weaning, they were fed the experimental feeds of each group, with only feeding the basal feed as the control group; the feeding period was 50 days; they were fed twice a day with free access to water, and the diarrhea situation was recorded and the average daily weight gain was investigated.

[0083] Table 4

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] As shown in Table 4, the additive obtained in the present invention can significantly improve the weight gain of weaned Congjiang Xiang pigs, while effectively reducing the diarrhea rate. In terms of weight gain and diarrhea reduction, the present invention has reached the level of Chinese patent CN112335606B previously applied by the inventor's team. However, compared with Chinese patent CN112335606B, the present invention has the obvious advantage of convenient application, that is, the present invention does not require two-stage feeding, and only one kind of feed needs to be fed throughout the cycle, reducing the management cost of feeding and the manufacturing cost of feed.

[0087] Experimental Example 2

[0088] 2. Experimental animals and feed

[0089] 2.1 Experimental animals: Weaned piglets of Jiangkou radish pigs from the Jiangkou radish pig conservation and breeding demonstration farm in Songtao County.

[0090] 2.2 Feed additive raw materials:

[0091] The feed additive obtained in Example 1.

[0092] 2.3 Experimental feed: Obtained by adding the corresponding feed additive (addition amount 2%) to the basal diet.

[0093] 2.3.1 Basal diet formula (w / w): Corn 58%, broken rice 10%, wheat bran 10%, soybean cake 10%, fish meal 8%, green feed 2.5%, calcium carbonate 0.5%, calcium phosphate 0.5%, salt 0.5%.

[0094] 2. Investigation of feeding effect

[0095] Forty weaned piglets of Jiangkou radish pigs were selected and divided into 2 groups, with 20 piglets in each group. After weaning, the experimental feed of this experimental example was fed, with only the basal diet fed as the control group and the experimental feed fed as the experimental group; the feeding period was 2 weeks; feeding was carried out twice a day, with free drinking water, and the average daily weight gain was recorded. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0096] Table 5

[0097]

Claims

1. A weaned piglet feed based on perilla extract, characterized in that: The feed comprises 2% to 4% w / w of feed additives and basic feed; wherein the feed additives comprise water extract of the whole plant of Perilla frutescens, water extract of the whole plant of Artemisia scoparia and fermented dried powder of Hawthorn in a weight ratio of 3:3:1 to 3; The water extract of the whole plant of Perilla frutescens is an extract obtained by using the hydrothermal extraction method on the whole plant of Perilla frutescens; the water extract of the whole plant of Gnaphalium sibiricum is an extract obtained by using the hydrothermal extraction method on the whole plant of Gnaphalium sibiricum; The hawthorn fermented dry powder is prepared by mixing ground hawthorn powder and boiled potatoes at a weight ratio of 3:1, adding sterile water to make the solid-liquid weight ratio 2.5:1, inoculating Aspergillus niger YM33182 for fermentation at 28-32°C for 36 hours; freeze-drying the fermented product to obtain the hawthorn fermented dry powder; the Aspergillus niger YM33182 has a preservation number of CCTCC No: M206113; The weaned piglets are Congjiang Xiang pig weaned piglets or Jiangkou radish pigs.

2. The weaned piglet feed based on the perilla extract according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the water extract of the whole herb of Perilla frutescens is as follows: taking the whole herb of Perilla frutescens, adding it into water in a weight ratio of 1:8, performing hydrothermal extraction at 85° C. for 4 hours, concentrating it by a rotary evaporator, and then freeze-drying it to obtain the water extract.

3. The weaned piglet feed based on the perilla extract according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the whole herb water extract of Gnaphalium sibiricum is as follows: take the whole herb of Gnaphalium sibiricum, add it into water at a weight ratio of 1:10, perform hydrothermal extraction at 85° C. for 4 hours, concentrate it by a rotary evaporator, and then freeze-dry it to obtain the water extract.

4. The weaned piglet feed based on the perilla extract according to claim 3, characterized in that When inoculating Aspergillus niger YM33182, the inoculation amount is 2% by volume.

5. The weaned piglet feed based on the perilla extract according to claim 4, characterized in that The weight ratio of the water extract of the whole plant of Perilla frutescens, the water extract of the whole plant of Gnaphalium sibiricum and the fermented dry powder of Crataegus pinnatifida is 3:3:

2.

6. The weaned piglet feed based on the perilla extract according to claim 5, characterized in that The formula of the basic feed is as follows according to weight percentage: 58% corn, 10% broken rice, 10% bran, 10% bean cake, 8% fish meal, 2.5% green feed, 0.5% calcium carbonate, 0.5% calcium phosphate and 0.5% salt.

7. The weaned piglet feed based on the perilla extract according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The added amount of the feed additive is 3% w / w.

8. A method for preparing a weaned piglet feed based on perilla extract, characterized in that: The preparation method is to mix the feed additive in the feed according to any one of claims 1 to 7 with the basic feed.

9. Use of the feed according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in feeding weaned Congjiang Xiang pigs.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: When feeding the weaned piglets of Congjiang Xiang pigs, the feed is used to feed the piglets from the day of weaning, twice a day, and the piglets are free to eat.

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