Water conservancy project construction flying dust control method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of data processing, in particular to a water conservancy project construction flying dust control method and system. Comprising the steps of collecting environmental data of a water conservancy project construction site in real time through monitoring points arranged on the water conservancy project construction site; according to the environment data, the spraying intensity of each construction area at the current moment is determined, and then real-time regulation and control are conducted on each spraying head of a spraying system on the construction site; wherein the environment data comprises position coordinates, wind speed, wind direction, humidity and PM2.5 concentration of the monitoring points. According to the method, the PM2.5 concentration is considered, data such as the wind speed, the wind direction, the humidity and the position coordinates of the monitoring points are taken into consideration, and the spraying intensity suitable for the current moment and the environment characteristics of the current construction area is obtained. Therefore, each construction area can adopt different spraying intensities to carry out dust raising control according to self environment characteristics, and the best construction dust raising control effect is achieved with the most appropriate spraying intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing, and particularly to a method and system for controlling dust in water conservancy project construction. Background Art

[0002] A large amount of dust will be generated during construction projects, causing dust pollution. The dust will be inhaled by construction workers with the air, affecting the health of the workers. Moreover, it will also reduce visibility, affecting the production progress and operation safety. In the actual construction process, the working areas generating dust are not fixed. The existing dust reduction devices generally install a spraying system at the construction site. After the water is atomized by the nozzles and sprayed into the air, it can increase the air humidity and make the dust particles settle quickly.

[0003] Traditional construction sites are equipped with spraying systems such as construction site fence spraying. This equipment can play a good role in suppressing dust for the dust generated during construction operations, thus effectively protecting the health of workers and surrounding people. When the spraying system detects that the pollutant concentration at the construction site exceeds the standard, the system will automatically turn on the spraying equipment, thereby improving the construction environment and protecting the health of construction workers. In the prior art, the control of the spraying intensity of the spraying system is only based on the size of the PM2.5 concentration data of each monitoring point in real time to judge the size of the spraying intensity, without considering the meteorological data and construction activity data at the construction site, which will lead to inappropriate spraying intensity and reduce the effect of controlling construction dust. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, the control of the spraying intensity of the spraying system is only set according to the size of the PM2.5 concentration data of each monitoring point in real time, without considering the environmental dynamic change factors such as the meteorological data and construction activity data at the construction site, resulting in inappropriate spraying intensity and poor construction dust control effect, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for controlling dust in water conservancy project construction. The specific technical solutions adopted are as follows: In the first aspect, the present invention is a method for controlling dust in water conservancy project construction. The method includes: collecting the environmental data of the water conservancy project construction site in real time through a number of monitoring points arranged at the water conservancy project construction site; the environmental data includes the position coordinates, wind speed, wind direction, humidity and PM2.5 concentration of the monitoring points; determining the spraying intensity of each construction area at the current moment according to the concentration mean value of PM2.5 of all monitoring points in each construction area at the current moment, the possibility of further aggravating dust pollution in each construction area at the current moment, and the number of monitoring points in each construction area at the current moment; and performing real-time regulation on each nozzle of the spraying system at the construction site according to the spraying intensity of each construction area at the current moment.

[0005] Further, based on the dust diffusion speed of the $u$-th construction area upwind of the $s$-th construction area at the current moment, the included angle between the $u$-th construction area upwind of the $s$-th construction area and the wind direction at the current moment, the distance between the $u$-th construction area upwind of the $s$-th construction area and the $s$-th construction area at the current moment, and the number of construction areas upwind of the $s$-th construction area at the current moment, determine the possibility that the dust pollution in the $s$-th construction area further worsens at the current moment; where the $u$-th construction area is any construction area upwind of the $s$-th construction area at the current moment.

[0006] Further, according to the wind direction at the current moment, draw a dotted line perpendicular to the wind direction at the current moment through the center of the $s$-th construction area, and mark the area formed by the dotted line and the direction opposite to the wind direction at the current moment as the area upwind of the $s$-th construction area at the current moment; within the area upwind of the $s$-th construction area at the current moment, there are several construction areas; the $u$-th construction area is any construction area upwind of the $s$-th construction area at the current moment.

[0007] Further, based on the wind speed of the $s$-th construction area at the current moment, the average humidity of all monitoring points in the $s$-th construction area at the current moment, and the dust diffusion dynamic factor of the $s$-th construction area at the current moment, determine the dust diffusion speed of the $s$-th construction area at the current moment; where the $s$-th construction area is any construction area at the construction site of the water conservancy project.

[0008] Further, based on the dust pollution degree of the $s$-th construction area at the current moment, the dust pollution degree of the $j$-th construction area adjacent to the $s$-th construction area at the current moment, the distance between the $s$-th construction area and the adjacent $j$-th construction area, and the total number of adjacent construction areas of the $s$-th construction area, determine the dust diffusion dynamic factor of the $s$-th construction area at the current moment, where the $j$-th construction area is any construction area adjacent to the $s$-th construction area.

[0009] Further, based on the growth coefficient of the PM2.5 concentration at the $i$-th monitoring point at the current moment, the number of monitoring points in the $s$-th construction area at the current moment, and the average value of the PM2.5 concentration data of all monitoring points in the $s$-th construction area at the current moment, determine the dust pollution degree of the $s$-th construction area at the current moment; where the $i$-th monitoring point is any monitoring point in the $s$-th construction area.

[0010] Further, based on the duration of all positive growth periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment, the duration of all moments on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point, the number of all positive growth periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment, the growth rate of the PM2.5 concentration in all positive growth periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment, and the time interval between all positive growth periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment and the current moment, determine the growth coefficient of the PM2.5 concentration at the i-th monitoring point at the current moment.

[0011] Further, input the spraying intensity of the nozzles of all monitoring points at the current moment of the construction site into the PID controller, and output the regulation instruction of the spraying intensity of the nozzles, where the spraying intensity includes the flow rate and the spraying speed.

[0012] Further, take the time period from the current moment to the previous threshold moment as the reference time period; according to the PM2.5 concentration and the position coordinates of each monitoring point at all moments within the reference time period of the current moment, obtain the feature vector of each monitoring point; cluster the feature vectors of each monitoring point to obtain several clusters, and each cluster is a construction area.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention is a dust control system for water conservancy project construction, and the system includes: a data collector, which is used to collect the environmental data of the water conservancy project construction site in real time through a number of monitoring points arranged at the water conservancy project construction site; a spraying intensity confirmation module, which is used to determine the spraying intensity of each construction area at the current moment according to the environmental data collected in real time; a spraying regulation module, which is used to perform real-time regulation on each nozzle of the spraying system at the construction site according to the spraying intensity of each construction area at the current moment.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: In addition to considering the PM2.5 concentration, data such as wind speed, wind direction, humidity, and the position coordinates of the monitoring points are also taken into consideration, and a spraying intensity suitable for the environmental characteristics of the current construction area at the current moment is obtained. So that each construction area can adopt different spraying intensities for dust control according to its own environmental characteristics, and achieve the best construction dust control effect with the most appropriate spraying intensity.

[0015] By analyzing the dust pollution degree of each construction area and the degree of wind direction interference of each construction area, determine the required spraying intensity of each construction area, which is used as the spraying intensity of each nozzle of the spraying system, ensuring the accuracy and real-time nature of dust control, and enabling differential and refined dust control for different areas of the entire construction site. Description of the Drawings

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic flow chart of a method for controlling construction dust in a water conservancy project provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic flow chart of a method for controlling construction dust in a water conservancy project provided by another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the position of the construction area upwind of the s-th construction area and the s-th construction area; Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of a water conservancy project construction dust control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended invention purpose, the following, in combination with the drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation manners, structures, features, and effects of a method and system for controlling construction dust in a water conservancy project proposed according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, the specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0020] The following specifically describes the specific solutions of a method and system for controlling construction dust in a water conservancy project provided by the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows the flow chart of the method for controlling construction dust in a water conservancy project provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: First, through a number of monitoring points arranged at the construction site of the water conservancy project, the environmental data of the construction site of the water conservancy project are collected in real time; the environmental data include the position coordinates, wind speed, wind direction, humidity, and PM2.5 concentration of the monitoring points.

[0022] A number of monitoring points are arranged at the construction site, and each monitoring point can collect environmental data, specifically including the location data of the monitoring point, the wind speed, wind direction, humidity, and PM2.5 concentration at the location where the monitoring point is located. According to different construction scenarios or different environmental requirements, temperature, precipitation, sunshine, etc. can also be collected.

[0023] Secondly, according to the real-time collected environmental data, determine the spraying intensity of each construction area at the current moment.

[0024] In the embodiment of the present invention, the construction area is not the one divided in the physical sense in the prior art, but is obtained by clustering in combination with the PM2.5 concentration and the position coordinates. Specifically, the time period from the current moment to the previous threshold moment (such as 60 moments) is recorded as the reference time period; according to the PM2.5 concentration and the position coordinates of each monitoring point at all moments in the reference time period of the current moment, the feature vector of each monitoring point is obtained; the feature vectors of each monitoring point are clustered to obtain a number of clusters, and each cluster is used as a construction area. There are several monitoring points in each construction area.

[0025] The embodiment of the present invention intends to calculate the spraying intensity of each construction area at the current moment. Therefore, next, this embodiment takes one of the construction areas (the s-th construction area) as an example to elaborate. The same method is used for other construction areas to obtain the spraying intensity of each other construction area at the current moment.

[0026] (1) Use the least squares method to fit the PM2.5 concentration sequence of the i-th monitoring point in the reference time period of the current moment to obtain the tangent slope of each moment on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment. On the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point, the moments with continuously adjacent tangent slopes greater than 0 form a positive growth time period.

[0027] (2) According to the duration of all positive growth time periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment, the duration of all moments on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point, the number of all positive growth time periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment, the growth amplitude of the PM2.5 concentration of all positive growth time periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment, and the time interval between all positive growth time periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment and the current moment, determine the growth coefficient of the PM2.5 concentration at the i-th monitoring point at the current moment. The i-th monitoring point is any monitoring point in the construction area.

[0028] (3)Determine the dust pollution degree of the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment based on the growth coefficient of the PM2.5 concentration at the \(i\)-th monitoring point at the current moment, the number of monitoring points in the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment, and the average value of the PM2.5 concentration data of all monitoring points in the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment. The dust pollution degrees of all construction areas at the current moment can be obtained according to this method.

[0029] (4)Determine the dust diffusion dynamic factor of the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment based on the dust pollution degree of the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment, the dust pollution degree of the \(j\)-th construction area adjacent to the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment, the distance between the \(s\)-th construction area and the \(j\)-th construction area adjacent to it, and the total number of adjacent construction areas of the \(s\)-th construction area. The dust diffusion dynamic factors of all construction areas at the current moment can be obtained according to this method. Among them, the \(j\)-th construction area is any one of the construction areas adjacent to the \(s\)-th construction area.

[0030] (5)Determine the dust diffusion speed of the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment based on the wind speed of the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment, the average humidity of all monitoring points in the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment, and the dust diffusion dynamic factor of the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment; where the \(s\)-th construction area is any one of the construction sites of the water conservancy project. The dust diffusion speeds of all construction areas at the current moment can be obtained according to this method.

[0031] (6)Determine the possibility of further aggravating dust pollution in the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment based on the dust diffusion speed of the \(u\)-th construction area upwind of the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment, the included angle between the \(u\)-th construction area upwind of the \(s\)-th construction area and the wind direction at the current moment, the distance between the \(u\)-th construction area upwind of the \(s\)-th construction area and the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment, and the number of construction areas upwind of the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment. Among them, the \(u\)-th construction area is any one of the construction areas upwind of the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment. The possibilities of further aggravating dust pollution in all construction areas at the current moment can be obtained according to this method.

[0032] Among them, according to the wind direction at the current moment, draw a dotted line perpendicular to the current wind direction through the center of the \(s\)-th construction area, and mark the area formed by the dotted line and the direction opposite to the current wind direction as the area upwind of the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment. The area upwind of the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment includes several construction areas. The \(u\)-th construction area is any one of the construction areas upwind of the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment.

[0033] Then, based on the average concentration of PM2.5 at all monitoring points in the s-th construction area at the current moment, the possibility of further aggravation of the dust pollution in the s-th construction area at the current moment, and the number of monitoring points in the s-th construction area at the current moment, determine the spraying intensity of the s-th construction area at the current moment; where the s-th construction area is any construction area at the construction site of the water conservancy project.

[0034] Traverse each construction area at the construction site of the water conservancy project according to the above method to obtain the spraying intensity of each construction area at the current moment.

[0035] Finally, according to the spraying intensity of each construction area at the current moment, respectively perform real-time regulation on each nozzle of the spraying system in each construction area at the construction site, so that each construction area can adopt different spraying intensities for dust control according to its own environmental characteristics, and achieve the best construction dust control effect with the most appropriate spraying intensity.

[0036] Although the method of the embodiment of the present invention is described for the dust control at the construction site of the water conservancy project, it can also be applied to the construction sites of other similar scenarios such as building projects, infrastructure projects, demolition projects, etc., and no further examples will be given here.

[0037] The present invention also provides another possible embodiment, as Figure 2 shown. During the construction stage, a large amount of dust is generated by the operation of construction machinery. In the prior art, a spraying device is used for dust reduction. The spraying intensity is related to the pollutant concentration at each monitoring point, but the dust generated during the construction process is affected by the wind direction, resulting in the untrustworthiness of the pollutant concentration at each monitoring point. The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to facilitate the analysis of the spraying intensity required for each construction area and determine the spraying speed of each spraying device.

[0038] Step 1: Use a multi-functional meteorological sensor to obtain multi-dimensional data such as wind speed, wind direction, PM2.5 concentration, humidity, etc.

[0039] In different areas of the construction site, a plurality of monitoring points are arranged, and a multi-functional meteorological sensor and a spraying device are installed at each monitoring point. The multi-functional meteorological sensor is used to obtain multi-dimensional data such as PM2.5 concentration and humidity, and obtain the real-time wind direction and wind speed meteorological data of the construction site area through a meteorological station. The spraying device includes a nozzle and a spraying pipeline, and the collection frequency is once per minute. Each item of data is standardized to unify the dimension.

[0040] Step 2: Determine the required spraying intensity of each construction area according to the pollution degree of each area at the current moment and the possibility of further aggravation.

[0041] a. Cluster according to the PM2.5 concentration and location of each monitoring point to obtain several construction areas, and determine the pollution degree of each area at the current moment according to the PM2.5 concentration in each construction area.

[0042] Under normal circumstances, in order to ensure the construction progress and the smooth progress of the overall project, many construction activities need to be carried out simultaneously. For example, when carrying out the main structure construction, it may be necessary to carry out the embedded work of the water and electricity installation and the earthwork backfilling work at the same time. At the same time, the construction site area is usually large, and there are multiple areas, such as the earthwork operation area, the material stacking area, the concrete mixing area, etc., all of which will generate dust and cause environmental pollution.

[0043] 1) Denote the time period from the current moment to the previous 60 moments as the reference time period. Similarly, the reference time period corresponding to each moment can be obtained.

[0044] 2) Construct the feature vector of each monitoring point according to the PM2.5 concentration and location coordinates of each monitoring point at all moments within the reference time period of the current moment, and perform clustering according to the feature vectors of each monitoring point to obtain several clusters, and each cluster is a construction area. Among them, the elbow method is used to determine the optimal number of clustering clusters of the K-means clustering algorithm.

[0045] Since the construction process is dynamic and the dust pollution situation is constantly changing, the pollutant concentrations generated by different construction activities are also different.

[0046] 3) Use the least squares method to fit the PM2.5 concentration sequence of the i-th monitoring point in the reference time period of the current moment to obtain the tangent slope of each moment on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment. On the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point, the moments with continuously adjacent tangent slopes greater than 0 form a positive growth period.

[0047] 4) Calculate the growth coefficient of the PM2.5 concentration at the i-th monitoring point at the current moment: Among them, represents the growth coefficient of the PM2.5 concentration at the i-th monitoring point at the current moment; represents the duration of all positive growth periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment; represents the duration of all moments on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point; Z represents the number of all positive growth periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment; represents the growth amplitude of the PM2.5 concentration in the z-th positive growth period on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment (the difference between the PM2.5 concentration value at the last moment and the PM2.5 concentration value at the first moment). The larger the growth amplitude, the more frequent the construction activities may be during this period; It represents the time interval between the z-th positive growth period on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment and the current moment. The shorter the time interval, the more likely it is that the PM2.5 concentration will continue to increase at the current moment.

[0048] 5) Calculate the dust pollution degree of the s-th construction area at the current moment: Among them, represents the dust pollution degree of the s-th construction area at the current moment; represents the growth coefficient of the PM2.5 concentration at the i-th monitoring point at the current moment; represents the number of monitoring points in the s-th construction area at the current moment. The more the number, the more sources of pollutant concentration, the larger the construction scale in this construction area, and the more likely it is to generate a large amount of dust, and the higher the pollution degree; represents the average value of the PM2.5 concentration data of all monitoring points in the s-th construction area at the current moment.

[0049] b. Since wind speed can cause dust diffusion, further analyze the possibility of further aggravating dust pollution in each construction area according to humidity and wind speed.

[0050] Dust pollution usually has a certain propagation law in space, which is closely related to factors such as the distance from the pollution source and the wind direction. If only the PM2.5 concentration is analyzed, these spatial propagation characteristics may be ignored.

[0051] The above steps obtain the dust pollution degree of each construction area. A high dust pollution degree will cause a large dust concentration gradient to form between this construction area and the surrounding low-dust areas. According to the diffusion principle, substances will diffuse from high-concentration areas to low-concentration areas, and the greater the concentration gradient, the stronger the diffusion driving force.

[0052] 1) Calculate the dust diffusion driving force factor of the s-th construction area at the current moment: Among them, represents the dust diffusion driving force factor of the s-th construction area at the current moment; represents the dust pollution degree of the s-th construction area at the current moment; represents the dust pollution degree of the j-th construction area adjacent to the s-th construction area at the current moment; represents the distance between the s-th construction area and the j-th construction area adjacent to it. The shorter the distance, the shorter the path for dust to diffuse from the s-th construction area to the j-th construction area, and the greater the dust diffusion driving force; represents the total number of adjacent construction areas of the s-th construction area.

[0053] In an environment with high humidity, dust will adsorb water vapor in the humid air. Under the action of wind, these dust particles adsorbed with water vapor may not spread as fast and far as in dry air, but will settle to the ground due to gravity within a relatively short distance. At the same time, high-humidity air will also increase the air density, generating a certain resistance to the spread of dust particles in the air, and the pushing effect of the wind on them will be relatively weakened, resulting in a shorter spread distance and a smaller range of dust in the air.

[0054] 2) Calculate the dust diffusion speed of the s-th construction area at the current moment: where, represents the dust diffusion speed of the s-th construction area at the current moment; represents the wind speed of the s-th construction area at the current moment; represents the average humidity of all monitoring points in the s-th construction area at the current moment. The greater the average value, the greater the mass of dust after adsorbing water vapor in a high-humidity environment, and more obstacles will be encountered during diffusion in high-humidity air, resulting in a slower diffusion speed; represents the dust diffusion driving factor of the s-th construction area at the current moment. The greater the diffusion driving factor, the greater the concentration gradient between the s-th construction area and the adjacent construction areas, and the faster the diffusion speed.

[0055] The wind direction further determines the dust diffusion direction. By monitoring the time-series data of the wind direction, the dust diffusion direction at different times can be determined, so as to make early preparations for the areas that may be affected.

[0056] When the monitoring point is upwind of the dust pollution source, under normal meteorological conditions, the dust will spread downwind along with the wind direction, and the upwind monitoring point is relatively less affected by dust pollution. The monitoring points located downwind will be more affected. Since the dust will move along the wind direction and accumulate in this area, the downwind monitoring points will often receive a large number of dust particles generated by the construction upwind, so the dust pollution will be further aggravated.

[0057] 3) Taking the s-th construction area as an example, according to the wind direction at the current moment, draw a dotted line perpendicular to the current wind direction through the center of the s-th construction area, and mark the direction opposite to the current wind direction as the upwind of the s-th construction area at the current moment, as Figure 3 shown, where, Figure 3 the construction area s in is also the s-th construction area, and the construction area u is also the u-th construction area.

[0058] 4) Calculate the possibility of further aggravation of dust pollution in the s-th construction area at the current moment: Among them, represents the possibility that the dust pollution in the s-th construction area further worsens at the current moment; represents the number of construction areas upwind of the s-th construction area at the current moment; represents the dust diffusion speed of the u-th construction area upwind of the s-th construction area at the current moment ( substantially represents the dust diffusion speed of the u-th construction area); represents the included angle between the u-th construction area upwind of the s-th construction area and the wind direction at the current moment. The smaller the included angle, the more likely the dust in the u-th construction area will spread to the s-th construction area, causing the dust pollution in the s-th construction area to further worsen; represents the distance between the u-th construction area upwind of the s-th construction area and the s-th construction area at the current moment. The farther the distance, the more the dust particles will spread in the horizontal and vertical directions, and their concentration will gradually decrease, and the possibility of the dust pollution in the s-th construction area further worsening will be smaller.

[0059] c. Determine the required spray intensity for each construction area.

[0060] Calculate the required spray intensity for the s-th construction area at the current moment: Among them, represents the required spray intensity for the s-th construction area at the current moment; represents the average concentration of PM2.5 at all monitoring points in the s-th construction area at the current moment; represents the possibility that the dust pollution in the s-th construction area further worsens at the current moment, The larger it is, the more the spray intensity required for the s-th construction area needs to be increased. By means of a powerful water mist to block and adsorb dust particles, the diffusion speed and range of dust are reduced; represents the number of monitoring points in the s-th construction area at the current moment. The fewer the number, the fewer the number of sprinkler heads in this area. In order to effectively suppress dust in the construction area, it is necessary to increase the spray intensity of each sprinkler head, increase the spray coverage radius and water spray volume of a single sprinkler head. Since in the embodiments of the present invention, the construction area is divided according to the data clustering of the monitoring points, there must be monitoring points in the construction area, and the number of monitoring points in the construction area cannot be 0, that is cannot be 0.

[0061] Step three: Perform precise dust reduction on the construction site according to the required spray intensity of each construction area.

[0062] Denote the spraying intensity required for the \(s\)-th construction area at the current moment as the spraying intensity of the nozzles at each monitoring point in the \(s\)-th construction area.

[0063] Input the spraying intensities of the nozzles at all monitoring points at the current moment at the construction site into the PID controller, and output the control instructions for regulating the spraying intensity (flow rate, spraying speed) of the nozzles to accurately reduce dust at the construction site. Among them, the PID controller is a classic control algorithm widely used in the field of automatic control. It adjusts the control quantity through the combination of three parts: proportional (P), integral (I), and derivative (D) to achieve the desired target value. The spraying system at the construction site can transmit the generated control instructions to the nozzle control devices at each monitoring point through the corresponding control lines or communication networks to ensure that the instructions can be accurately conveyed to the nozzles, and the nozzles adjust the spraying intensity according to the received control instructions.

[0064] In the above two method embodiments of the present invention, among the \(s\)-th construction area, the \(i\)-th monitoring point, the \(u\)-th construction area, and the \(j\)-th construction area involved, \(s\), \(i\), \(u\), and \(j\) are all positive integers.

[0065] Based on the same inventive concept as the above method embodiments, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a dust control system for water conservancy project construction to implement the steps of the above method embodiments, as Figure 4 shown, specifically including: A data collector for real-time collecting the environmental data of the water conservancy project construction site through a number of monitoring points arranged at the water conservancy project construction site; A spraying intensity confirmation module for determining the spraying intensity of each construction area at the current moment according to the real-time collected environmental data; A spraying regulation module for determining the spraying intensity of each construction area at the current moment according to the concentration mean of PM2.5 at all monitoring points in each construction area at the current moment, the possibility of further aggravating the dust pollution in each construction area at the current moment, and the number of monitoring points in each construction area at the current moment.

[0066] It should be noted that: the above sequence of the embodiments of the present invention is only for description and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0067] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other, and the key points of each embodiment are described as the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for controlling dust during water conservancy project construction, characterized in that: The method comprises: By arranging several monitoring points at the construction site of the water conservancy project, the environmental data of the water conservancy project construction site is collected in real time; the environmental data includes the location coordinates, wind speed, wind direction, humidity and PM2.5 concentration of the monitoring points; Determine the spray intensity of each construction area at the current moment based on the average PM2.5 concentration of all monitoring points in each construction area at the current moment, the possibility of further aggravation of dust pollution in each construction area at the current moment, and the number of monitoring points in each construction area at the current moment; According to the current spray intensity of each construction area, each sprinkler of the construction site sprinkler system is regulated in real time; Among them, the method for obtaining the possibility of further aggravation of dust pollution in each construction area at the current moment is: according to the dust diffusion speed of the u-th construction area upwind of the s-th construction area at the current moment, the angle between the u-th construction area upwind of the s-th construction area at the current moment and the wind direction, the distance between the u-th construction area and the s-th construction area upwind of the s-th construction area at the current moment, and the number of construction areas located upwind of the s-th construction area at the current moment, determine the possibility of further aggravation of dust pollution in the s-th construction area at the current moment; wherein, the u-th construction area is any construction area upwind of the s-th construction area at the current moment, and u is a positive integer; wherein, the s-th construction area is any construction area at the construction site of the water conservancy project, and s is a positive integer.

2. The method for controlling dust during water conservancy project construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the wind direction at the current moment, draw a dotted line perpendicular to the wind direction at the current moment through the center of the sth construction area, and record the area formed by the dotted line and the opposite direction of the wind direction at the current moment as the area upwind of the sth construction area at the current moment; The area upwind of the sth construction area at the current moment includes several construction areas.

3. The method for controlling dust during water conservancy project construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to the wind speed in the sth construction area at the current moment, the average humidity of all monitoring points in the sth construction area at the current moment, and the dust diffusion dynamic factor of the sth construction area at the current moment, the dust diffusion rate of the sth construction area at the current moment is determined; wherein the sth construction area is any construction area of ​​the water conservancy project construction site.

4. The method for controlling dust during water conservancy project construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: According to the dust pollution level of the sth construction area at the current moment, the dust pollution level of the jth construction area adjacent to the sth construction area at the current moment, the distance between the sth construction area and the jth construction area adjacent to it, and the total number of adjacent construction areas of the sth construction area, determine the dust diffusion dynamic factor of the sth construction area at the current moment; wherein the jth construction area is any construction area adjacent to the sth construction area, and j is a positive integer.

5. The method for controlling dust during water conservancy project construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: According to the growth coefficient of the PM2.5 concentration at the i-th monitoring point at the current moment, the number of monitoring points in the s-th construction area at the current moment, and the mean of the PM2.5 concentration data of all monitoring points in the s-th construction area at the current moment, the dust pollution degree of the s-th construction area at the current moment is determined; wherein the i-th monitoring point is any monitoring point in the s-th construction area, and i is a positive integer.

6. The method for controlling dust during water conservancy project construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: Determine the growth coefficient of PM2.5 concentration at the i-th monitoring point at the current moment based on the duration of all positive growth periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment, the duration of all moments on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point, the number of all positive growth periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment, the growth amplitude of PM2.5 concentration in all positive growth periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment, and the time interval between all positive growth periods on the fitting curve of the i-th monitoring point at the current moment and the current moment.

7. The method for controlling dust during water conservancy project construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray intensity of the sprinklers at all monitoring points at the current moment of the construction site is input into the PID controller, and the control instructions of the sprinkler spray intensity are output, wherein the spray intensity includes flow rate and spray speed.

8. The method for controlling dust during construction of a water conservancy project according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The time period from the current moment to the previous threshold moment is recorded as the reference time period; the feature vector of each monitoring point is obtained according to the PM2.5 concentration and position coordinates of each monitoring point at all times within the reference time period of the current moment; the feature vector of each monitoring point is clustered to obtain several clusters, each cluster being a construction area.

9. A dust control system for water conservancy project construction, characterized in that: The system comprises: A data collector is used to collect environmental data of the water conservancy project construction site in real time through several monitoring points arranged at the water conservancy project construction site; The spray intensity confirmation module is used to determine the spray intensity of each construction area at the current moment according to the average PM2.5 concentration of all monitoring points in each construction area at the current moment, the possibility of further aggravation of dust pollution in each construction area at the current moment, and the number of monitoring points in each construction area at the current moment; The method for obtaining the possibility of further aggravation of dust pollution in each construction area at the current moment is as follows: according to the dust diffusion speed of the u-th construction area upwind of the s-th construction area at the current moment, the angle between the u-th construction area upwind of the s-th construction area at the current moment and the wind direction, the distance between the u-th construction area upwind of the s-th construction area at the current moment and the s-th construction area, and the number of construction areas upwind of the s-th construction area at the current moment, determine the possibility of further aggravation of dust pollution in the s-th construction area at the current moment; wherein the u-th construction area is any construction area upwind of the s-th construction area at the current moment, and u is a positive integer; wherein the s-th construction area is any construction area at the construction site of the water conservancy project, and s is a positive integer; The spray control module is used to control each nozzle of the construction site spray system in real time according to the spray intensity of each construction area at the current moment.

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