Method for preparing mineral wool by melting household garbage incineration fly ash

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing mineral wool from household garbage incineration fly ash through melting, and belongs to the technical field of incineration ash recycling. The method comprises the steps that the target fiber diameter daim and the target fiber length laim of the mineral wool are set; the method comprises the following steps: fully and uniformly mixing the incineration fly ash and an auxiliary additive, adding the mixture into a melting furnace for melting, detecting melt components, obtaining surface tension sigma, density rho and real-time viscosity mu of a melt, and substituting the melt components into a formula to calculate and obtain a rotating speed set value omega n of a centrifugal roller and a melting temperature control value Tx; the real-time temperature Ta of the melt is measured, and the melt temperature is adjusted by adjusting the power of the melting furnace to reach the melting temperature control value Tx; and introducing the molten glass into a centrifugal machine through a drainage groove, and adjusting the actual rotating speed of each roller to gradually reach a rotating speed set value omega n to prepare the mineral fiber cotton. According to the method, various complex process elements and key quality elements of the product in the process of preparing the mineral wool through incineration fly ash component blending and melting are accurately controlled, the quality of the mineral wool product is guaranteed, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of incinerated fly ash resource utilization, and particularly to a method for preparing mineral wool by melting municipal solid waste incineration fly ash. Background Art

[0002] The incineration fly ash enriches the toxic components in each link of waste incineration. The incineration fly ash has complex components, high toxicity, and great difficulty in resource utilization. At present, it is mainly landfilled by chelation, which has become a bottleneck problem restricting the development of the waste incineration industry. The resource utilization of incineration fly ash urgently needs to be broken through.

[0003] The existing resource treatment methods for incineration fly ash mainly include co-processing in cement kilns, low-temperature thermal decomposition, and high-temperature melting. Among them, high-temperature melting is the incineration fly ash disposal method with the most thorough harmlessness and the least environmental risk. By melting incineration fly ash into high-value products such as inorganic thermal insulation cotton, the melting cost of fly ash can be greatly offset. According to current practical experience, although the comprehensive cost of the resource treatment method of preparing mineral wool by high-temperature melting is relatively lower than that of the simple high-temperature melting harmless treatment method, it is still much higher than the current mainstream chelation landfill treatment cost. At the same time, it faces the problem of great market pressure at the same price for resource products. How to further reduce the comprehensive cost of resource utilization of fly ash melting to make cotton is a key link. In addition, compared with the traditional raw materials for preparing mineral wool, the incineration fly ash contains various complex components, and the material composition has obvious spatio-temporal volatility. These components will affect the mineral wool preparation process during the melting process. The melting temperature, melting characteristics, and phase changes after melting of incineration fly ash are relatively complex, and precise control of melting conditions is required to ensure product quality and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problems to be solved: Aiming at the technical problems existing in the process of resource utilization of incineration fly ash in the background art, the present invention provides a method for preparing mineral wool by melting municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, which solves the problems of great difficulty in controlling process parameters and low stability in the process of resource utilization of melting incineration fly ash to prepare mineral wool, realizes the automatic control of key performance parameters such as the length and diameter of synthetic fibers of mineral wool during the preparation process, and ensures the quality of mineral wool products and reduces production costs.

[0005] Technical solution: A method for preparing mineral wool by melting municipal solid waste incineration fly ash according to the present invention, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Set the target fiber diameter d aim / m and the target fiber length l aim / m; Step 2: Thoroughly mix the incineration fly ash and auxiliary additives and add them to the melting furnace for melting. After melting is complete, quickly detect the composition of the obtained melt, and calculate or measure the surface tension σ, density ρ, and real-time viscosity μ of the melt based on the main components and their contents in the melt; Step 3: Substitute the surface tension, density, and real-time viscosity μ of the melt into Equations Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and solve the two equations simultaneously to obtain the set value ω n / (r / s) of the rotational speed of the centrifugal roller and the controlled value T x / (℃); Equation Ⅰ; Equation Ⅱ; In Equations Ⅰ and Ⅱ: d aim is the target fiber diameter of the mineral wool / m; l aim is the target fiber length of the mineral wool / m; ρ is the density of the melt / (kg / m 3 ); σ is the surface tension of the melt / (N / m); μ is the viscosity of the melt / Pa·s; ω n is the angular velocity of the nth centrifugal roller of the four-roll centrifuge / (r / s); D n is the diameter of the nth roller of the four-roll centrifuge / m; R n is the radius of the nth roller of the four-roll centrifuge / m; T 0 is the target temperature / ℃, with a value of 1350℃; T x is the measured temperature / ℃; A is the calculation coefficient of the mineral wool fiber diameter, with a value of 13 - 18; A t is the calculation coefficient for adjusting the fiber diameter with temperature, with a value of 1.35 - 1.7; B is the calculation coefficient of the mineral wool fiber length, with a value of 1.2×10 6 ~1.7×10 6 ; B t is the calculation coefficient for adjusting the mineral wool fiber length with temperature, with a value of 14 - 22; Step 4: Measure the real-time temperature T a of the melt, and compare it with the controlled value T x of the melting temperature obtained by calculation. Adjust the power of the melting furnace to adjust the melt temperature to reach the controlled value T x of the melting temperature; Step 5: Introduce the glass liquid into the centrifuge through the drainage trough, and control the rotational speed of each roller of the four-roll centrifuge through a frequency converter, so that the actual rotational speed gradually reaches the set value ω n to produce mineral fiber wool.

[0006] Preferably, in Step 2, calculated by mole fraction, normalize the six oxide components of silicon, iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and titanium in the melt; the calculation formula for the surface tension of the melt is as follows: ; In the formula: a x is the mole fraction of the oxide; σ SiO2 is 0.286 N / m; σ FeO is 0.585 N / m; σ Al2O3 is 0.641 N / m; σ CaO is 0.615 N / m; σ MgO is 0.512 N / m; σ TiO2 is 0.382 N / m.

[0007] Preferably, in step 2, in terms of mass fraction, the eight oxide components of silicon, iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, titanium, sodium, and potassium in the melt are normalized; the density calculation formula of the melt is as follows: ; In the formula: ρ i is the standard density value of each pure compound in the molten state / (kg / m 3 ); b i is the mass percentage of each compound / %.

[0008] Preferably, in step 3, the fiber diameter calculation coefficient A is taken as 16.

[0009] Preferably, in step 3, the fiber diameter temperature adjustment calculation coefficient A of the mineral wool fiber t is taken as 1.58.

[0010] Preferably, in step 3, the fiber length calculation coefficient B of the mineral wool fiber is taken as 1.5×10 6 .

[0011] Preferably, in step 3, the fiber length temperature adjustment calculation coefficient B of the mineral wool fiber t is taken as 17.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a control method for the influencing factors of temperature, viscosity, surface tension, roller speed, roller diameter (radius), and density on the fiber diameter and average length (target value) of mineral wool during the melting of incineration fly ash to prepare mineral wool, realizing the precise control of various complex process elements on the key quality elements of the product during the component blending and melting preparation of incineration fly ash to prepare mineral wool; 2. The method of the present invention quickly detects the viscosity and composition of the melt after the incineration fly ash and its auxiliary material additives are mixed and added to the melting furnace for melting and clearing, and further obtains the density and surface tension values ​​of the melt by component calculation, thereby realizing real-time monitoring and precise measurement of the factors affecting the fiber quality of mineral wool; by obtaining and integrating the values ​​of the viscosity, density, surface tension, roller diameter (radius) and other values ​​of the melt, and combining them with the target diameter and target length, the key control factors of the melt temperature and the speed of each roller of the four-roller centrifuge are calculated, and the fiber diameter and average length are finely controlled in the fiber-forming process of the melt-prepared mineral wool, thereby realizing the automation and precision of the preparation process and obtaining mineral wool fibers that meet the requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of preparing mineral wool from fly ash from incineration of domestic waste according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the system structure for preparing mineral wool from fly ash from incineration of domestic waste.

[0014] Figure numerals: 1, melting furnace; 2, heat-insulating flow channel; 3, melt; 4, first roller; 5, second roller; 6, third roller; 7, fourth roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will be combined with the attached Figures 1-2 The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a method for preparing mineral wool by melting fly ash from incineration of domestic waste, the method comprising the following steps: (i) setting a target fiber diameter d for preparing mineral wool by melting fly ash from incineration aim / m and target fiber length l aim / m.

[0017] (ii) the incineration fly ash and auxiliary material additives are fully mixed and added into the melting furnace 1 for melting, and the components of the obtained melt 3 are quickly tested after melting, and the surface tension σ, density ρ, and real-time viscosity μ of the melt 3 are calculated or measured according to the main components and contents of the melt 3; the measuring methods include but are not limited to sampling analysis, online detection, etc.

[0018] (1) Normalize the six oxide components of silicon, iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and titanium in melt 3 in terms of mole fraction. The surface tension calculation formula of melt 3 is as follows: ; In the formula: a x is the mole fraction of the oxide; σ SiO2 is 0.286 N / m; σ FeO is 0.585 N / m; σ Al2O3 is 0.641 N / m; σ CaO is 0.615 N / m; σ MgO is 0.512 N / m; σ TiO2 is 0.382 N / m.

[0019] (2) Normalize the eight oxide components of silicon, iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, titanium, sodium, and potassium in melt 3 in terms of mass fraction. The density calculation formula of melt 3 is as follows: ; In the formula: ρ i is the standard density value of each pure compound in the molten state / (kg / m 3 ); b i is the mass percentage of each compound / %.

[0020] (3) The real-time viscosity μ of melt 3 is measured and obtained by an on-line or off-line detection method.

[0021] (3) Substitute the surface tension σ, density ρ, and real-time viscosity μ of melt 3 into Equations Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and solve the two equations simultaneously to obtain the set value ω n / (r / s) of the centrifugal roller speed and the controlled value T x / (°C); Equation Ⅰ; Equation Ⅱ; In Equations Ⅰ and Ⅱ: d aim is the target fiber diameter of the mineral wool / m; l aim is the target fiber length of the mineral wool / m; ρ is the melt density / (kg / m 3 ); σ is the melt surface tension / (N / m); μ is the melt viscosity / Pa·s; ω n is the angular velocity of the nth centrifugal roller of the four-roll centrifuge / (r / s); D n is the diameter of the nth roller of the four-roll centrifuge / m; R n is the radius of the nth roller of the four-roll centrifuge / m; T 0 is the target temperature / °C, with a value of 1350 °C; T xis the measured temperature / ℃; A is the mineral wool fiber diameter calculation coefficient, which ranges from 13 to 18; A t is the temperature adjustment coefficient of fiber diameter, which is 1.35~1.7; B is the mineral wool fiber length calculation coefficient, which is 1.2*10 6 ~1.7*10 6 ; B t It is the temperature adjustment calculation coefficient of mineral wool fiber length, and its value ranges from 14 to 22.

[0022] (IV) Determining the real-time temperature T of melt 3 a , and the calculated melting temperature control value T x By adjusting the power of melting furnace 1, the temperature of melt 3 is adjusted to reach the melting temperature control value T x .

[0023] (V) The glass liquid is introduced into the centrifuge through the drainage trough, and the speed of each roller of the four-roller centrifuge is controlled by the frequency converter so that the actual speed gradually reaches the speed setting value ω n , to obtain mineral fiber cotton.

[0024] like Figure 2 As shown, the mineral wool preparation system of the present invention includes a melting furnace 1 and an insulation flow channel 2 connecting the melting furnace 1 and a four-roller centrifuge, the four-roller centrifuge includes a first roller 4, a second roller 5, a third roller 6 and a fourth roller 7 which are arranged opposite to each other up and down, and a gap is formed between the first roller 4, the second roller 5, the third roller 6 and the fourth roller 7 for the melt 3 to pass through.

[0025] Example 1: The present invention discloses a method for preparing mineral wool by melting fly ash from incineration of domestic waste, the method comprising the following steps: (i) setting a target fiber diameter d for preparing mineral wool by melting fly ash from incineration aim 5.43*10 -6 m, target fiber length l aim It is 0.64m.

[0026] (ii) the incineration fly ash and auxiliary material additives are fully mixed and added into the melting furnace 1 for melting, and the components of the obtained melt 3 are quickly tested after melting, and the surface tension σ, density ρ, and real-time viscosity μ of the melt 3 are calculated or measured according to the main components and contents of the melt 3; the measuring methods include but are not limited to sampling analysis, online detection, etc.

[0027] (1) The six oxide components of silicon, iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium and titanium in melt 3 were normalized by mole fraction. The composition of the main oxides is shown in Table 1.

[0028] Table 1 Main oxidation components in melt 3:

[0029] .

[0030] The surface tension of melt 3 is calculated as follows: ; Where: a x is the molar fraction of oxide; σ SiO2 0.286 N / m; σ FeO 0.585 N / m; Al2O3 0.641N / m; σ CaO 0.615 N / m; σ MgO 0.512 N / m; σ TiO2 It is 0.382 N / m. After calculation, the surface tension σ of melt 3 is 0.4595 N / m.

[0031] (2) The eight oxide components of silicon, iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, titanium, sodium and potassium in melt 3 are normalized by mass fraction. The density calculation formula of melt 3 is as follows: ; Where: i is the standard density value of each pure compound in the molten state / (kg / m 3 );b i is the mass percentage of each compound / %. After calculation, the melt density ρ is 2688 kg / m 3 .

[0032] (3) The real-time viscosity μ of melt 3 is detected online using a viscosity instrument, and the real-time viscosity μ of the slag is 0.388 Pa*S.

[0033] 3. Arrange the above parameters to form the setting parameters as shown in Table 2.

[0034] Table 2 Main process parameters:

[0035] .

[0036] Substitute the above parameters into Formula I and Formula II: Formula I; Formula II; The two equations are combined to calculate the centrifugal roller speed setting value ω n is 52 r / s, and the melting temperature control value is T x It is 1420℃.

[0037] (IV) Determining the real-time temperature T of melt 3 a , and the calculated melting temperature control value T xComparison: By adjusting the power of the melting furnace 1, the temperature of the melt 3 is adjusted to reach the melting temperature control value of 1420 °C.

[0038] (V) Introduce the glass liquid into the centrifuge through the drainage tank, and control the rotational speeds of the rollers of the four-roller centrifuge through the frequency converter, so that the actual rotational speed gradually reaches the rotational speed set value of 52 r / s to produce mineral fiber cotton.

[0039] Example 2: The present invention discloses a method for preparing mineral wool by melting municipal solid waste incineration fly ash, and the method includes the following steps: (I) Set the target fiber diameter d aim of 3.5*10 -6 m, and the target fiber length l aim is 0.34 m.

[0040] (II) Mix the incineration fly ash and auxiliary additive fully and add them into the melting furnace 1 for melting. After melting and clarification, quickly detect the composition of the obtained melt 3, and calculate or measure the surface tension σ, density ρ, and real-time viscosity μ of the melt 3 according to the main components and contents of the melt 3; the measurement methods include but are not limited to sampling analysis, on-line detection, etc.

[0041] (1) Calculate the normalization of the six oxide components of silicon, iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and titanium in the melt 3 in terms of mole fraction, and the composition of the main oxides is shown in Table 3.

[0042] Table 3 Main oxidation components in the melt 3:

[0043] .

[0044] The surface tension calculation formula of the melt 3 is as follows: ; In the formula: a x is the mole fraction of the oxide; σ SiO2 is 0.286 N / m; σ FeO is 0.585 N / m; σ Al2O3 is 0.641 N / m; σ CaO is 0.615 N / m; σ MgO is 0.512 N / m; σ TiO2 is 0.382 N / m. After calculation, the surface tension σ of the melt 3 is 0.4544 N / m.

[0045] (2) Calculate the normalization of the eight oxide components of silicon, iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, titanium, sodium, and potassium in the melt 3 in terms of mass fraction, and the density calculation formula of the melt 3 is as follows: ; In the formula: ρ iis the standard density value of each pure compound in the molten state / (kg / m 3 ); b i is the mass percentage of each compound / %. After calculation, the melt density ρ is 2675 kg / m 3 .

[0046] (3) The real-time viscosity μ of Melt 3 is detected online by a viscosity instrument, and the real-time viscosity μ of the molten slag is obtained as 0.411 Pa*S.

[0047] (III) After organizing the above parameters, the set parameters are formed as shown in Table 4.

[0048] Table 4 Main process parameters:

[0049] .

[0050] Substitute the above parameters into Equation I and Equation II: Equation I; Equation II; By solving the two equations simultaneously, the set value of the centrifugal roller speed ω n is obtained as 58 r / s, and the controlled value of the melting temperature T x is 1280 °C.

[0051] (IV) Measure the real-time temperature T a of Melt 3, and compare it with the controlled value of the melting temperature T x obtained by calculation. Adjust the power of the melting furnace 1 to adjust the temperature of Melt 3 to reach the controlled value of the melting temperature of 1280 °C.

[0052] (V) Introduce the glass liquid into the centrifuge through the drainage trough, and control the rotational speed of each roller of the four-roll centrifuge by a frequency converter, so that the actual rotational speed gradually reaches the set value of 58 r / s to produce mineral fiber cotton.

[0053] The above is the preferred implementation manner of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing mineral wool by melting fly ash from incineration of domestic waste, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Setting the target fiber diameter d for preparing mineral wool from fly ash melting aim / m and target fiber length l aim / m; Step 2: fully mix the incineration fly ash and auxiliary material additives and add them to the melting furnace (1) for melting. After melting, the components of the obtained melt (3) are quickly tested, and the surface tension σ, density ρ, and real-time viscosity μ of the melt (3) are calculated or measured based on the main components and contents of the melt (3); Step 3: Substitute the surface tension, density, and real-time viscosity μ of the melt (3) into equations Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and use the two equations to calculate the centrifugal roller speed setting value ω: n / (r / s) and melting temperature control value T x / (℃); Formula I; Formula II; In Formula I and Formula II: d aim is the target fiber diameter of mineral wool / m; l aim is the target fiber length of mineral wool / m; ρ is the melt density / (kg / m 3 );σ is the melt surface tension / (N / m);μ is the melt viscosity / Pa·s;ω n is the angular velocity of the nth centrifugal roller of the four-roller centrifuge / (r / s); D n R is the diameter of the nth roller of the four-roller centrifuge / m; n is the radius of the nth roller of the four-roller centrifuge / m; T0 is the target temperature / ℃, which is 1350℃; T x is the measured temperature / ℃; A is the mineral wool fiber diameter calculation coefficient, which ranges from 13 to 18; A t is the temperature adjustment coefficient of fiber diameter, which is 1.35~1.7; B is the mineral wool fiber length calculation coefficient, which is 1.2*10 6 ~1.7*10 6 ; B t The temperature adjustment calculation coefficient of mineral wool fiber length is 14~22; Step 4: Determine the real-time temperature T of the melt (3) a , and the calculated melting temperature control value T x By adjusting the melting furnace (1) power and adjusting the temperature of the melt (3) to reach the melting temperature control value T x ; Step 5: Introduce the glass liquid into the centrifuge through the drainage trough, and control the speed of each roller of the four-roller centrifuge through the inverter so that the actual speed gradually reaches the speed setting value ω n , to obtain mineral fiber cotton.

2. The method for preparing mineral wool by melting fly ash from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the six oxide components of silicon, iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium and titanium in the melt (3) are normalized by molar fraction calculation; the surface tension calculation formula of the melt (3) is as follows: ； Where: a x is the molar fraction of oxide; σ SiO2 0.286 N / m; σ FeO 0.585 N / m; Al2O3 0.641 N / m; σ CaO 0.615 N / m; σ MgO 0.512 N / m; σ TiO2 It is 0.382 N / m.

3. The method for preparing mineral wool by melting fly ash from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the eight oxide components of silicon, iron, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, titanium, sodium and potassium in the melt (3) are normalized by mass fraction calculation; the density calculation formula of the melt (3) is as follows: ； Where: i is the standard density value of each pure compound in the molten state / (kg / m 3 );b i is the mass percentage of each compound.

4. The method for preparing mineral wool by melting fly ash from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the fiber diameter calculation coefficient A is set to 16.

5. The method for preparing mineral wool by melting fly ash from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature adjustment calculation coefficient A of the mineral wool fiber diameter in step 3 t The value is 1.

58.

6. The method for preparing mineral wool by melting fly ash from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mineral wool fiber length calculation coefficient B in step 3 is 1.5*10 6 .

7. The method for preparing mineral wool by melting fly ash from incineration of domestic waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature adjustment calculation coefficient B of the mineral wool fiber length in step 3 t The value is 17.

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