Vertical vibration reduction support adopting composite elastic cushion layer

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical vibration reduction support adopting a composite elastic cushion layer, which comprises a base plate, a lower seat plate is arranged in the base plate, a middle seat plate is arranged on the lower seat plate, an upper seat plate is arranged on the middle seat plate, a round-head long bolt is arranged at the lower end of the lower seat plate, and a round-head long bolt is arranged at the lower end of the round-head long bolt. An elastic washer and a composite elastic cushion layer are arranged between the lower seat plate and the base plate, the round head long bolt elastic washer and the composite elastic cushion layer realize vertical vibration reduction and energy consumption of the support, the composite elastic cushion layer consists of dry coarse sand grains and rubber grains, and the composite elastic cushion layer is filled between the lower seat plate and the base plate. Vibration reduction and energy consumption of the vertical vibration reduction support are achieved through the composite elastic cushion layer, high-frequency vibration mechanical energy of the support is converted into heat energy, the energy consumption efficiency is high, the working temperature range is wide, the adaptive capacity is high, the manufacturing cost is low, and maintenance is easy; and the vibration amplitude and duration of the support and the lower structure under the action of the vertical dynamic load of the train can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering, and particularly relates to a vertical vibration damping bearing using a composite elastic cushion layer. Background Art

[0002] At present, the rapid development of high-speed railways has significantly accelerated the process of China's railway modernization, bringing fast, convenient, safe and comfortable travel to people. At the same time, the vibration of the railway also affects the lives of residents along the line. When a train runs on a high-speed railway bridge, due to internal excitations such as track irregularities and wheel-rail snake-like motion, the bridge system vibrates, and the vibration of the superstructure of the bridge is transmitted to the bridge pier through the bridge bearing, and then transmitted to the surrounding environment through the bridge pier foundation, affecting the surrounding environment and buildings. This long-term and invisibly existing long-duration vibration has a greater impact on cultural relics and precision equipment sensitive to micro-vibration.

[0003] In recent years, most research in the field of bridge engineering has focused on the structural and functional optimization of seismic isolation and vibration damping bearings, and its main purpose is to reduce the internal force response of bridge piers and foundations under earthquake action. However, for the vertical vibration damping bearing technology developed for the vertical dynamic action of high-speed trains, there is relatively little research at present, and there are mainly the following problems:

[0004] 1. At present, the vibration damping bearing mainly reduces the vibration response of the lower structure by providing appropriate vertical stiffness. However, most products do not have an effective damping energy dissipation device, resulting in a longer vibration duration of the bearing and the lower structure. Especially during the period of intensive train operation, the impact of train vibration on the environment will exist for a long time and will cause fatigue problems of the metal components of the bearing.

[0005] 2. At present, some bearings use high-damping rubber materials or liquid viscous damping devices to provide damping force. However, the rubber material is prone to aging, and for the liquid viscous damping device, due to the viscous damping provided, in a specific frequency range ( where ω is the vibration frequency of the external load, ω n is the natural vibration frequency of the bearing body.), the force transmission ratio will instead increase.

[0006] 3. The structures of most damping energy dissipation devices are relatively complex, costly, and have problems such as difficult maintenance and repair, such as magnetorheological dampers and viscous damping devices. For the vibration damping bearings widely used in bridge engineering, the high maintenance cost has become a major obstacle restricting their large-scale application. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention is proposed to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and its purpose is to provide a vertical vibration damping bearing using a composite elastic cushion layer.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A vertical vibration damping bearing using a composite elastic cushion layer, including a base plate, a lower seat plate is arranged in the base plate, a middle seat plate is arranged on the lower seat plate, an upper seat plate is arranged on the middle seat plate, round head long bolts are arranged at the lower end of the lower seat plate, and elastic washers and a composite elastic cushion layer are arranged between the lower seat plate and the base plate. The round head long bolts, elastic washers and composite elastic cushion layer realize the vertical vibration damping and energy dissipation of the bearing.

[0009] Furthermore, the composite elastic cushion layer is composed of dry coarse sand grains and rubber grains, and the composite elastic cushion layer is filled between the lower seat plate and the base plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the round head long bolts are inserted into the composite elastic cushion layer. Under the action of vertical dynamic load, the round head long bolts and the composite elastic cushion layer conduct frictional energy dissipation, and at the same time, the round head long bolts loosen the composite elastic cushion layer to increase the elasticity of the composite elastic cushion layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic washer is adapted to the inner wall shape of the base plate.

[0012] Furthermore, an anti-wear coating is also arranged at the lower end of the lower seat plate to increase the anti-wear property of the lower end of the lower seat plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a guiding friction pair is arranged between the side wall of the lower seat plate and the inner wall of the base plate, and the horizontal force of the bearing is realized through the guiding friction pair.

[0014] Furthermore, a spherical friction pair is arranged between the top of the lower seat plate and the bottom of the middle seat plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a plane friction pair is arranged between the top of the middle seat plate and the bottom of the upper seat plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] The main structure of the present invention is designed with all-metal materials, which overcomes the problem of easy aging of the current rubber vibration damping bearings. By adopting the form of frictional energy dissipation, the amplitude and duration of the vibration response of the bearing are reduced, and diseases such as easy cracking of metal components due to fatigue are avoided.

[0018] The composite elastic cushion layer of the present invention is composed of coarse sand grains and rubber grains, and the volume content of the rubber grains is controlled within the range of 20% - 50%. The rubber grains can increase the elastic deformation ability of the cushion layer, and at the same time, the elastic deformation of the rubber grains can prevent the coarse sand cushion layer from caking. The gaps and frictional forces between the coarse sand grains can ensure that the cushion layer has sufficient vertical deformation and frictional energy dissipation ability.

[0019] The present invention constrains the steel ring and the elastic cushion layer to jointly provide stable vertical support for the upper structure of the bearing. Among them, the constrained steel ring and the elastic washer above it can prevent uneven permanent vertical deformation of the bottom plate of the bearing, achieve the effect of leveling the bearing, and at the same time can radially constrain the composite elastic cushion layer inside it.

[0020] Under the action of the additional vertical dynamic load of the train in the present invention, the elastic cushion layer undergoes vertical deformation, and the vibration reduction requirements of the bearing under different frequency inputs can be achieved by changing the thickness of the composite elastic cushion layer, the roughness of the sand particles, and the ratio of coarse sand and rubber particles.

[0021] In the present invention, round-headed long bolts are arranged at the bottom of the lower seat plate. The round-headed long bolts interact vertically with the composite elastic cushion layer, can loosen the coarse sand cushion layer, improve the elasticity of the cushion layer, can convert part of the vibration mechanical energy into frictional energy dissipation, and at the same time, the function of the round-headed long bolts is similar to that of the pile foundation of the building structure, and can achieve the effect of stably supporting the upper structure.

[0022] The present invention uses a composite elastic cushion layer to achieve vibration reduction and energy dissipation of the vertical vibration reduction bearing, converts the high-frequency vibration mechanical energy of the bearing into heat energy, has high energy dissipation efficiency, a wide working temperature range, strong adaptability, low cost, and is easy to maintain. It can effectively reduce the vibration amplitude and duration of the bearing and the lower structure under the action of the vertical dynamic load of the train. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the vertical vibration reduction bearing in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the constrained steel ring in the present invention;

[0025] In the figure, 1. upper seat plate, 2. middle seat plate, 3. lower seat plate, 4. base plate, 5. planar friction pair, 6. spherical friction pair, 7. anti-wear coating, 8. constrained steel ring, 9. elastic washer, 10. guiding friction pair, 11. composite elastic cushion layer, 12. round-headed long bolt, 13. sealing ring. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments:

[0027] As Figures 1 to 2 shown, a vertical vibration reduction bearing using a composite elastic cushion layer includes a base plate 4. A lower seat plate 3 is arranged in the base plate 4. A middle seat plate 2 is arranged on the lower seat plate 3. An upper seat plate 1 is arranged on the middle seat plate 2. Round-headed long bolts 12 are arranged at the lower end of the lower seat plate 3. An elastic washer 9 and a composite elastic cushion layer 11 are arranged between the lower seat plate 3 and the base plate 4. The round-headed long bolts 12, the elastic washer 9, and the composite elastic cushion layer 11 achieve vertical vibration reduction and energy dissipation of the bearing.

[0028] The composite elastic cushion layer 11 is composed of dry coarse sand grains and rubber particles, and the composite elastic cushion layer 11 is filled between the lower seat plate 3 and the base plate 4.

[0029] The round-headed long bolt 12 is inserted into the composite elastic cushion layer 11. Under the action of vertical dynamic load, the round-headed long bolt 12 dissipates energy through friction with the composite elastic cushion layer 11. At the same time, the round-headed long bolt 12 loosens the composite elastic cushion layer 11 to increase the elasticity of the composite elastic cushion layer 11.

[0030] The elastic washer 9 is adapted to the inner wall shape of the base plate 4.

[0031] An anti-wear coating 7 is further provided at the lower end of the lower seat plate 3 to increase the anti-wear property of the lower end of the lower seat plate 3.

[0032] A guiding friction pair 10 is provided between the side wall of the lower seat plate 3 and the inner wall of the base plate 4, and the horizontal force of the support is realized through the guiding friction pair 10.

[0033] A spherical friction pair 6 is provided between the top of the lower seat plate 3 and the bottom of the middle seat plate 2.

[0034] A plane friction pair 5 is provided between the top of the middle seat plate 2 and the bottom of the upper seat plate 1.

[0035] Specifically, the lower seat plate 3 is in a stepped shape. A guiding friction pair 10 is provided between the outer wall of the large-diameter section of the lower seat plate 3 and the inner wall of the base plate 4. The upper end of the small-diameter section of the lower seat plate 3 forms a spherical surface, and a spherical friction pair 6 is provided between this spherical surface and the middle seat plate 2.

[0036] Specifically, the plane friction pair 5 and the spherical friction pair 6 jointly undertake the vertical load-bearing, horizontal sliding and vertical rotation functions of the support.

[0037] Specifically, the composite elastic cushion layer 11 is composed of dry coarse sand grains and rubber particles. The purpose of using rubber particles is to increase the elastic deformation ability of the cushion layer and prevent the coarse sand cushion layer from caking. The purpose of using coarse sand grains is to play its role of elastic support and achieve the energy dissipation effect by using the mutual friction between the sand grains.

[0038] Specifically, the round-headed long bolt 12 is inserted into the composite elastic cushion layer 12, and the round-headed long bolt 12 also has the effect of stably supporting the upper structure.

[0039] Specifically, the constraint steel ring 8 is made of spring steel with strong deformation ability. The constraint steel ring 8 radially constrains the composite elastic cushion layer 11 inside it to ensure that the composite elastic cushion layer 11 is in a triaxial compression state and ensure that it has sufficient deformation recovery ability.

[0040] Meanwhile, the restraint steel ring 8 prevents the lower seat plate 3 of the bearing from having vertical permanent uneven deformation, realizing the function of self-leveling the bearing.

[0041] An elastic washer 9 is arranged between the restraint steel ring 8 and the lower seat plate 3 to prevent hard contact between the lower seat plate 3 and the restraint steel ring 8, and at the same time ensure that the lower seat plate 3 has a certain vertical displacement ability.

[0042] Specifically, a sealing ring 13 is arranged between the elastic washer 9 and the guiding friction pair 10 to prevent external dust and rainwater from entering the interior of the bearing, improving the service life of the bearing.

[0043] The present invention utilizes the composite elastic cushion layer 11 to realize the vertical vibration isolation performance of the bearing, and the round head long bolt 12 and the composite elastic cushion layer 11 realize the energy dissipation effect of the bearing. The composite elastic cushion layer 11 is composed of dry coarse sand grains and rubber grains. The elastic deformation ability of the composite elastic cushion layer 11 is jointly ensured by the restraint steel ring 8, the round head long bolt 12 and the rubber grain component in the composite elastic cushion layer 11. The designer can change the thickness of the composite elastic cushion layer 11, the roughness of the sand particles, and the ratio of the coarse sand to the rubber grains to realize the vibration reduction requirements of the bearing under different frequency inputs.

[0044] The present invention utilizes the mutual friction between the coarse sand grains in the composite elastic cushion layer 11 to realize the main energy dissipation effect of the bearing. At the same time, the mutual friction between the round head long bolt 12 and the coarse sand grains is used to further increase the energy dissipation capacity of the bearing, converting the vibration mechanical energy of the bearing into frictional heat energy.

[0045] Under the action of the vertical vibration load of the train, the lower seat plate 3 has a vertical displacement, and the composite elastic cushion layer 11 at its bottom provides vertical elastic support for the bearing. A certain number of round head long bolts 12 are arranged at the bottom of the lower seat plate 3. Under the action of the vertical dynamic load, the round head long bolts 12 and the composite elastic cushion layer 11 have a vertical interaction, which can loosen the sand cushion layer, improve the elasticity of the composite elastic cushion layer 11, and at the same time convert part of the vibration mechanical energy into frictional energy dissipation. A restraint steel ring 8 is arranged at the lower part of the lower seat plate 3, and the restraint steel ring 8 radially restrains the composite elastic cushion layer 11 inside it, ensuring that the composite elastic cushion layer 11 is in a triaxial compression state and ensuring that it has sufficient deformation recovery ability. The elastic washer 9 and the restraint steel ring 8 are arranged to prevent the bearing from having vertical permanent uneven deformation under the continuous train load.

[0046] The present invention has a wide working temperature range, strong adaptability, low cost and simple maintenance, can effectively reduce the vibration duration and response amplitude of the bridge bearing under the action of vertical dynamic load, reduce the influence of the operation of high-speed trains on the surrounding environment, and conform to the national high-speed railway sustainable development strategy.

Claims

1. A vertical vibration-damping support using a composite elastic cushion layer, comprising a base plate (4), a lower seat plate (3) being arranged in the base plate (4), a middle seat plate (2) being arranged on the lower seat plate (3), and an upper seat plate (1) being arranged on the middle seat plate (2), characterized in that: A round-headed long bolt (12) is provided at the lower end of the lower seat plate (3); an elastic washer (9) and a composite elastic cushion layer (11) are provided between the lower seat plate (3) and the base plate (4); the round-headed long bolt (12), the elastic washer (9) and the composite elastic cushion layer (11) realize vertical vibration reduction and energy dissipation of the support.

2. A vertical vibration-damping support using a composite elastic cushion layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite elastic cushion layer (11) is composed of dry coarse sand particles and rubber particles, and the composite elastic cushion layer (11) is filled between the lower seat plate (3) and the base plate (4).

3. A vertical vibration-damping support using a composite elastic cushion layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The round-headed long bolt (12) is inserted into the composite elastic cushion layer (11). Under the action of a vertical dynamic load, the round-headed long bolt (12) and the composite elastic cushion layer (11) consume energy through friction. At the same time, the round-headed long bolt (12) loosens the composite elastic cushion layer (11) to increase the elasticity of the composite elastic cushion layer (11).

4. The vertical vibration-damping support using a composite elastic cushion layer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The elastic gasket (9) is adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the base plate (4).

5. The vertical vibration-damping support using a composite elastic cushion layer according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The lower end of the lower seat plate (3) is also provided with an anti-wear coating (7) to increase the wear resistance of the lower end of the lower seat plate (3).

6. The vertical vibration-damping support using a composite elastic cushion layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide friction pair (10) is provided between the side wall of the lower seat plate (3) and the inner wall of the base plate (4), and the horizontal force of the support is realized through the guide friction pair (10).

7. The vertical vibration-damping support using a composite elastic cushion layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spherical friction pair (6) is provided between the top of the lower seat plate (3) and the bottom of the middle seat plate (2).

8. The vertical vibration-damping support using a composite elastic cushion layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plane friction pair (5) is provided between the top of the middle seat plate (2) and the bottom of the upper seat plate (1).

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