Dust falling device and dust falling method for mine construction

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mine construction dust falling, and discloses a mine construction dust falling device which comprises a plurality of spraying mechanisms distributed in a construction environment, each spraying mechanism comprises a base, a housing is arranged on the upper surface of each base, a mounting hole is formed in the upper surface of each housing, and a stand column is arranged at an upper hole opening of each mounting hole; a vertical water pipe and a fan are arranged in the stand column, an output shaft of the fan is in a hollow shaft shape and is coaxially arranged outside the vertical water pipe, a plurality of inlets are formed in the outer surface of the housing in an array mode, when the fan is started, external air can be pulled to enter the housing through the inlets, and side spraying holes are formed in the outer circle face of the vertical water pipe. The upper end of the stand column is sleeved with a mounting lantern ring, a horizontal water pipe is arranged on the outer circle face of the mounting lantern ring in the radial direction, an upper spraying hole is formed in the lowest point of the outer circle face of the horizontal water pipe, and the horizontal water pipe and the vertical water pipe are connected through a connecting pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of dust reduction, specifically to the field of dust reduction in mine construction, and particularly to a dust reduction device and a dust reduction method for mine construction. Background Art

[0002] During mine construction, a large amount of dust will inevitably be generated. Considering the physical health of construction workers and environmental protection construction, it is necessary to carry out dust reduction treatment on this dust. In the prior art, the common method is water mist dust reduction, that is, at intervals of a certain distance, a water mist nozzle is arranged to spray water mist into the air. The water mist combines with dust particles to form particle clusters, which settle to the ground under the action of gravity to achieve the purpose of dust reduction.

[0003] Based on the retrieval of water mist dust reduction technology, some prior arts are found and introduced one by one as follows:

[0004] The Chinese invention patent application with the publication number of CN113019029A discloses a coal mine dust reduction system and a dust reduction method, which complete dust reduction on a path by the left - right rotation and movement of a spray head;

[0005] The Chinese invention patent with the authorization announcement number of CN108905455B discloses a rotatable dust reduction spraying device for construction sites, which realizes regional spraying by driving the spraying cylinder to rotate, improves the dust reduction spraying efficiency, and adjusts the spraying range by adjusting the rotation speed and cooperating with a water pump;

[0006] The above two prior patent literatures can obtain a circular spraying range with the nozzle as the center by rotating the nozzle. There are some deficiencies in this spraying dust reduction method: Based on the principle of water mist dust reduction, as the water medium for dust reduction needs to be sprayed out in the form of water mist, the water mist is light, and with the centrifugal force brought by rotation, it is easy for the water mist to spread around, resulting in uncertain factors in the spraying range, easy overlap of the spraying ranges of adjacent two nozzles and waste of resources, and at the same time, some areas do not receive or receive only a small amount of water mist spraying, resulting in poor dust reduction effect; when construction workers move, it is inevitable to drive the ground dust to float. Therefore, if the weight of the obtained particle clusters is light, these light particle clusters will also float up when construction workers move, and if the floating height is too high, there will still be a dust problem, so the dust reduction effect is poor. Only when the weight of the particle clusters is relatively large can the particle clusters that fall to the ground due to dust reduction not float up due to the wind brought by the movement of construction workers, or float up a little and then fall down, without causing a dust problem. However, the prior art only simply sprays water mist and does not consider this point.

[0007] Based on the above, the present invention proposes a dust reduction device and a dust reduction method for mine construction. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To solve the problems mentioned in the above background, the present invention provides a dust reduction device and a dust reduction method for mine construction and construction.

[0009] To achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows.

[0010] A dust reduction device for mine construction and construction, including a number of spraying mechanisms distributed in the construction environment. The spraying mechanism includes a base, on the upper surface of the base is provided a housing, on the upper surface of the housing is provided an installation hole, at the upper orifice of the installation hole is provided a column. The column is in the shape of a cylindrical pipe with both ends open and the axis line arranged vertically. Inside the column are provided a vertical water pipe and a fan;

[0011] The vertical water pipe can rotate around its own axis line. The output shaft of the fan is in the shape of a hollow shaft and the output shaft is coaxially arranged outside the vertical water pipe. A number of inlets are arrayed on the outer surface of the housing. When the fan is started, it can draw external air into the housing through the inlets. On the outer circular surface of the vertical water pipe are provided side spray holes, and the side spray holes are located above the fan;

[0012] An installation collar is sleeved outside the upper end of the column. On the outer circular surface of the installation collar is provided a horizontal water pipe along the radial direction. At the lowest point of the outer circular surface of the horizontal water pipe is provided an upper spray hole. The horizontal water pipe and the vertical water pipe are connected through a connecting pipe.

[0013] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, at least one horizontal water pipe is arrayed along the circumferential direction of the column, and a number of upper spray holes on each horizontal water pipe are arrayed along the extending direction of the horizontal water pipe.

[0014] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, the lower pipe orifice of the vertical water pipe is connected to a water pump through a rotary joint, and the liquid inlet end of the water pump is communicated with a water source.

[0015] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, the installation collar and the vertical water pipe are connected through a power connection component to achieve power connection.

[0016] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, the transmission ratio of the power connection component is greater than one.

[0017] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, the input end of the connecting pipe is connected to the vertical water pipe through a rotary joint.

[0018] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, a toothed ring is coaxially arranged on the mounting collar, a transmission shaft with a vertically arranged axis is arranged on the inner bracket, a gear is arranged on the transmission shaft, the gear meshes with the toothed ring, and an avoidance notch for avoiding the meshing is arranged on the column.

[0019] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, the power connection assembly includes an inner bracket arranged in the column and a connecting shaft in the shape of a hollow shaft sleeved on the upper end of the vertical water pipe. A speed reducer is arranged between the inner bracket, the connecting shaft and the vertical water pipe, and power connection is realized between the transmission shaft and the connecting shaft through a power transmission member.

[0020] As a further improvement and optimization of the present invention, a partition sleeve is arranged in the column. The partition sleeve includes a lower cylindrical section. The lower end of the lower cylindrical section is provided with an external step and the external step is coaxially connected with the inner wall of the column. The upper end of the lower cylindrical section is provided with a middle frustum section. The diameter of the middle frustum section decreases from bottom to top. The upper end of the middle frustum section is provided with an upper cylindrical section. The inner wall of the upper cylindrical section is close to the outer wall of the vertical water pipe. The side spray holes are located above the partition sleeve. A slag discharge hole is arranged at the bottom of the external step. A slag discharge pipe is arranged at the lower orifice of the slag discharge hole. The end of the slag discharge pipe extends out of the column.

[0021] A dust reduction method for a dust reduction device in mine construction includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: The fan is started, and the fan draws external air to flow into the column through the inlet;

[0023] Meanwhile, the water pump is started to draw the water medium to flow into the vertical water pipe. A part of the water medium is sprayed into the column through the side spray holes to perform dust reduction treatment on the air in the column. Another part of the water medium flows into the horizontal water pipe through the connecting pipe and is sprayed to the outside through the upper spray holes to perform dust reduction treatment on the external air.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects that:

[0025] In this solution, the water pump draws the water medium to flow into the vertical water pipe. A part of the water medium is sprayed into the column through the side spray holes to perform dust reduction treatment on the air in the column. Another part of the water medium flows into the horizontal water pipe through the connecting pipe and is sprayed to the outside through the upper spray holes to perform dust reduction treatment on the external air;

[0026] Meanwhile, the fan draws in outside air through the inlet and into the column. On the one hand, some dust will flow into the column along with the air and be treated by the water mist sprayed from the side spray holes. On the other hand, the water mist sprayed from the upper spray holes is restricted by a traction force from below, so that the spraying range of each spraying mechanism can be fixed as much as possible. The advantage of a fixed spraying range is to prevent the water mist from spreading around unpredictably and uncontrollably, which may lead to the overlapping of the spraying ranges of adjacent two spraying mechanisms, resulting in not only waste of resources but also ineffective dust reduction in some areas. In contrast, in this solution, a fixed spraying range can avoid these problems. On the other hand, the particle clusters obtained from dust reduction fall to the ground. If the particle clusters are small and light, they can be carried by the wind and undergo dust reduction again, so that the particle clusters become relatively larger and heavier. When construction workers walk around the spraying mechanism, the particle clusters will not float up due to the wind generated by the movement of the construction workers, or they will float up a little and then fall down, without causing dust problems. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is an overall cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a vertical water pipe, a mounting collar and a power connection assembly.

[0033] The reference numerals in the drawings are:

[0034] 100, base; 101, housing; 1011, inlet; 102, column; 103, water pump; 104, vertical water pipe; 1041, side spray holes; 105, separating sleeve; 1051, slag discharge pipe; 106, fan; 107, connecting pipe; 108, horizontal water pipe; 1081, upper spray holes; 109, power connection assembly; 1091, inner support; 1092, reducer; 1093, power transmission member; 1094, transmission shaft; 1095, gear ring; 110, mounting collar. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0035] To further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended invention purpose, the following will, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, elaborate in detail on the specific implementation manners, structures, features and their effects of the present invention as follows.

[0036] Referring to Figures 1 - 6 , a dust reduction device for mine construction, which includes a spraying mechanism. There are several groups of spraying mechanisms, which are distributed correspondingly according to the construction site environment. Only one group of spraying mechanisms is shown in this solution.

[0037] The spraying mechanism includes a base 100. The upper surface of the base 100 is provided with a housing 101. The upper surface of the housing 101 is provided with an installation hole, and a column 102 is provided at the upper orifice of the installation hole.

[0038] The column 102 is in the shape of a cylindrical pipe with both ends open and its axis arranged vertically. Inside the column 102, there is a vertical water pipe 104 and a fan 106.

[0039] The vertical water pipe 104 can rotate around its own axis. The lower orifice of the vertical water pipe 104 is connected with a water pump 103 through a rotary joint. The liquid inlet end of the water pump 103 is communicated with a water source. Through the water pump 103, a water medium can be injected into the vertical water pipe 104. The rotary joint is a prior art and can be realized without further description.

[0040] The output shaft of the fan 106 is in the shape of a hollow shaft and is coaxially arranged outside the vertical water pipe 104. When the fan 106 is started, it can drive the vertical water pipe 104 to rotate together.

[0041] A number of inlets 1011 are arranged in an array on the outer surface of the housing 101. When the fan 106 is started, it can draw the outside air into the housing 101 through the inlets 1011, and then flow into the column 102. A number of side spray holes 1041 are arranged in an array on the outer circular surface of the vertical water pipe 104. The side spray holes 1041 are located above the fan 106. The dust will flow into the column 102 together with the outside air. At the same time, when the water pump 103 is started, part of the water medium will be sprayed into the column 102 through the side spray holes 1041 to perform dust reduction treatment on the air in the column 102, and the other part of the water medium will continue to flow upward in the vertical water pipe 104.

[0042] Preferably, a partition sleeve 105 is arranged inside the column 102. The partition sleeve 105 includes a lower cylindrical section. An external step is arranged at the lower end of the lower cylindrical section, and the external step is coaxially connected to the inner wall of the column 102. An intermediate frustum section is arranged at the upper end of the lower cylindrical section. The diameter of the intermediate frustum section decreases from bottom to top. An upper cylindrical section is arranged at the upper end of the intermediate frustum section. The inner wall of the upper cylindrical section is close to the outer wall of the vertical water pipe 104. The side spray holes 1041 are located above the partition sleeve 105. A slag discharge hole is arranged at the bottom of the external step. A slag discharge pipe 1051 is arranged at the lower orifice of the slag discharge hole. The end of the slag discharge pipe 1051 extends out of the column 102. The advantage is that after the air inside the column 102 is dust-removed, impurities such as particle clusters formed by dust removal can be output outward through the slag discharge pipe 1051.

[0043] An installation collar 110 is sleeved outside the upper end of the column 102. A horizontal water pipe 108 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the installation collar 110 along the radial direction. At least one horizontal water pipe 108 is arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the column 102. An upper spray hole 1081 is arranged at the lowest point of the outer circumferential surface of the horizontal water pipe 108. A plurality of upper spray holes 1081 are arranged in an array along the extending direction of the horizontal water pipe 108. The horizontal water pipe 108 is connected to the vertical water pipe 104 through a connecting pipe 107. It should be noted that the rotation speed of the fan 106 is relatively fast, while the rotation speed of the horizontal water pipe 108 cannot be as fast as that of the fan 106. Therefore, the installation collar 110 and the vertical water pipe 104 are connected through a power connection component 109. The input end of the connecting pipe 107 needs to be connected to the vertical water pipe 104 through a rotary joint. The transmission ratio of the power connection component 109 is greater than one.

[0044] Refer to Figure 5 With Figure 6 The power connection component 109 includes an inner bracket 1091 arranged inside the column 102 and a connecting shaft in the shape of a hollow shaft sleeved on the upper end of the vertical water pipe 104. A speed reducer 1092 is arranged between the inner bracket 1091, the connecting shaft and the vertical water pipe 104. The speed reducer 1092 can be realized by using the existing planetary speed reducer technology and will not be elaborated.

[0045] A gear ring 1095 is coaxially arranged on the installation collar 110. A transmission shaft 1094 with a vertically arranged axis is arranged on the inner bracket 1091. The transmission shaft 1094 and the connecting shaft are connected through a power transmission member 1093. The power transmission member 1093 adopts the existing power transmission route technology, such as a synchronous belt, and will not be elaborated.

[0046] A gear is arranged on the transmission shaft 1094. The gear meshes with the gear ring 1095. An avoidance notch is arranged on the column 102 for avoiding the meshing.

[0047] During the rotation of the fan 106 with the vertical water pipe 104, through the cooperation of the speed reducer 1092, the connecting shaft, the power transmission member 1093, the transmission shaft 1094, the gear and the gear ring 1095, the installation collar 110 can be driven to rotate slowly, and the installation collar 110 drives the horizontal water pipe 108 to rotate together.

[0048] The working principle of the present invention:

[0049] The fan 106 and the water pump 103 are started;

[0050] The water pump 103 draws the water medium into the vertical water pipe 104. Part of the water medium is sprayed into the column 102 through the side spray holes 1041 to perform dust reduction treatment on the air in the column 102. Another part of the water medium flows into the horizontal water pipe 108 through the connecting pipe 107 and is sprayed to the outside through the upper spray holes 1081 to perform dust reduction treatment on the outside air;

[0051] The fan 106 draws the outside air into the column 102 through the inlet 1011. On the one hand, part of the dust will flow into the column 102 and be treated by the water mist sprayed from the side spray holes 1041. On the one hand, the water mist sprayed through the upper spray holes 1081 is restricted by a traction force from below, so that the spraying range of each spraying mechanism can be fixed as much as possible. The advantage of a fixed spraying range is to prevent the water mist from diffusing around unpredictably and uncontrollably, resulting in the overlapping of the spraying ranges of adjacent two spraying mechanisms, which not only causes waste of resources, but also some areas are not effectively dust-reduced. On the contrary, in this solution, a fixed spraying range can avoid these problems. On the one hand, the particle clusters obtained by dust reduction fall to the ground. If the particle clusters are small and light, they can be tractioned by the wind and dust-reduced again, so that the particle clusters are relatively large and heavy. When the construction workers walk around the spraying mechanism, the particle clusters will not float up due to the wind brought by the walking of the construction workers, or they will float up a little and then fall down, without causing dust problems.

[0052] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the equivalent embodiments by using the disclosed technical content within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression device for mine construction, comprising a plurality of spraying mechanisms distributed in a construction environment, characterized in that: The spray mechanism comprises a base, a cover shell is arranged on the upper surface of the base, a mounting hole is opened on the upper surface of the cover shell, a column is arranged at the upper opening of the mounting hole, the column is in the shape of a cylindrical pipe with openings at both ends and a vertically arranged axis, and a vertical water pipe and a fan are arranged inside the column; The vertical water pipe can rotate around its own axis, the output shaft of the fan is in the shape of a hollow shaft and is coaxially arranged outside the vertical water pipe, the outer surface of the housing is arrayed with a plurality of inlets, and when the fan is started, the outside air can be drawn into the housing through the inlets, and the outer circumferential surface of the vertical water pipe is provided with side spray holes, and the side spray holes are located above the fan; The upper end of the column is sleeved with a mounting collar, the outer circumferential surface of the mounting collar is radially provided with a horizontal water pipe, the lowest point of the outer circumferential surface of the horizontal water pipe is provided with an upper spray hole, and the horizontal water pipe is connected to the vertical water pipe through a connecting pipe.

2. A dust suppression device for mine construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one horizontal water pipe is arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the column, and a plurality of upper spray holes on each horizontal water pipe are arranged in an array along the extending direction of the horizontal water pipe.

3. A dust suppression device for mine construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower pipe opening of the vertical water pipe is connected to a water pump via a rotating joint, and the liquid inlet end of the water pump is connected to a water source.

4. A dust suppression device for mine construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The installation collar and the vertical water pipe are dynamically connected via a dynamic connection assembly.

5. A dust suppression device for mine construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission ratio of the power connection assembly is greater than one.

6. A dust suppression device for mine construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The input end of the connecting pipe is connected to the vertical water pipe through a rotating joint.

7. A dust suppression device for mine construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: A gear ring is coaxially arranged on the mounting collar, a transmission shaft with a vertically arranged axis line is arranged on the inner bracket, a gear is arranged on the transmission shaft, the gear is meshed with the gear ring, and an avoidance notch for avoiding meshing is arranged on the column.

8. A dust suppression device for mine construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power connection assembly includes an inner bracket arranged in the column and a connecting shaft in the shape of a hollow shaft and sleeved on the upper end of the vertical water pipe. A reducer is arranged between the inner bracket, the connecting shaft and the vertical water pipe, and the transmission shaft and the connecting shaft are powered by a power transmission member.

9. A dust suppression device for mine construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: A separation sleeve is arranged in the column, and the separation sleeve includes a lower cylindrical section, an external step is arranged at the lower end of the lower cylindrical section, and the external step is coaxially connected with the inner wall of the column, a middle frustum section is arranged at the upper end of the lower cylindrical section, and the diameter of the middle frustum section decreases from bottom to top, an upper cylindrical section is arranged at the upper end of the middle frustum section, and the inner wall of the upper cylindrical section is close to the outer wall of the vertical water pipe, the side spray hole is located above the separation sleeve, a slag discharge hole is arranged at the bottom of the external step, a slag discharge pipe is arranged at the lower orifice of the slag discharge hole, and the end of the slag discharge pipe extends out of the column.

10. A dust suppression method for a mine construction dust suppression device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: The fan is started, and the fan draws outside air into the column through the inlet; At the same time, the water pump starts to pull the water medium into the vertical water pipe. A part of the water medium is sprayed into the column through the side spray hole to reduce dust in the air in the column. The other part of the water medium flows into the horizontal water pipe through the connecting pipe and is sprayed to the outside through the upper spray hole to reduce dust in the outside air.

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